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SPAIN COUNTRY READER TABLE OF CONTENTS William C. Trimble 1931-1932 Consular Practice, Seville Murat Williams 1939 Private Secretary to U.S. Ambassador to Spain, Madrid Niles W. Bond 1942-1946 Political Officer, Madrid William B. Dunham 1945-1954 Country Specialist, Washington, DC Thomas J. Corcoran 1948-1950 Consular Officer, Barcelona James N. Cortada 1949-1951 Consular Officer, Barcelona John Wesley Jones 1949-1953 First Secretary, Political Officer, Madrid Herbert Thompson 1949-1954 Rotation Officer, Madrid Terrence George Leonhardy 1949-1955 Economic Officer, Madrid Carl F. Norden 1952 Commercial Counselor, Madrid Stuart W. Rockwell 1952-1955 Political Section Chief, Madrid Edward S. Little 1952-1956 Foreign Service Reserve Officer, Madrid John F. Correll 1952-1956 Labor Attaché, Madrid Roy R. Rubottom, Jr. 1953-1956 Economic Counselor, Madrid Joseph McEvoy 1954-1959 Public Affairs Officer, USIS, Madrid William W. Lehfeldt 1955-1957 Vice Consul, Bilbao Stanley J. Donovan 1955-1960 Strategic Air Command, Madrid John Edgar Williams 1956-1960 Visa/Economic Officer, Madrid William K. Hitchcock 1956-1960 Special Assistant to Ambassador, Madrid Milton Barall 1957-1960 Economic Counselor, Madrid 1 Harry Haven Kendall 1957-1961 Information Officer, USIS, Madrid Charles W. Grover 1958-1960 Vice Consul, Valencia Selwa Roosevelt 1958-1961 Spouse of Archie Roosevelt, Station Chief, Madrid Phillip W. Pillsbury, Jr. 1959-1960 Junior Officer Trainee, USIS, Madrid Frederick H. Sacksteder 1959-1961 Aide to Ambassador, Madrid Elinor Constable 1959-1961 Spouse of Peter Constable, Vice Consul, Vigo Peter Constable 1959-1961 Vice Consul, Vigo Allen C. Hansen 1959-1962 Assistant Cultural Affairs Officer, USIS, Madrid Frank Oram 1959-1962 Public Affairs Officer, USIS, Madrid A. David Fritzlan 1959-1964 Consul General, Barcelona James L. Morad 1960-1961 Information Officer, USIS, Madrid Robert W. Zimmermann 1960-1966 Political Officer, Madrid James M. Wilson, Jr. 1961-1964 Economic Counselor, Madrid Oscar J. Olson, Jr. 1962-1964 Administrative Officer, Barcelona Frederick H. Sacksteder 1962-1965 Executive Officer, Barcelona Robert F. Woodward 1962-1965 Ambassador, Spain George W. Landau 1962-1965 Political Officer, Madrid H. Freeman Matthews, Jr. 1963-1964 Political Officer, Madrid Harry Coburn 1963-1966 Consular Officer, Madrid Stanley J. Donovan 1963-1967 Base Negotiations, Madrid Anthony G. Freeman 1964-1966 Vice Consul, Valencia 2 Alexander F. Watson 1964-1966 Consular Officer, Madrid Earl Wilson 1965-1966 Director, USIS, Madrid Angier Biddle Duke 1965-1968 Ambassador, Spain Richard K. Fox, Jr. 1965-1970 Administrative Officer, Madrid Burnett Anderson 1967-1969 Public Affairs Officer, USIS, Madrid James N. Cortada 1967-1970 Consul General, Barcelona Stephen Bosworth 1967-1971 Economic/Commercial Officer, Madrid Jon David Glassman 1968-1971 Junior Officer, Madrid Horace Y. Edwards 1969-1971 Cultural Affairs Officer, USIS, Barcelona and Madrid Douglas Watson 1969-1971 General Services Officer, Madrid Barbara Merello 1970-1972 Director of Binational Center, USIS, Barcelona Curtis C. Cutter 1970-1972 Political Officer, Madrid Robert W. Zimmermann 1970-1974 Consul General, Barcelona Robert C. Amerson 1971-1973 Public Affairs Officer, USIS, Madrid David E. Simcox 1972-1975 Political-Military Officer, Madrid Curtis C. Cutter 1972-1975 Consul General, Seville James L. Morad 1972-1976 Information Officer, USIS, Madrid Richard S. Welton 1973-1975 Assistant Attaché, Foreign Agricultural Service, Madrid Owen B. Lee 1973-1976 Political Officer, Madrid Joseph Cheevers 1973-1977 Deputy Chief Consular Section, Madrid Herman Rebhan 1975-1976 General Secretary, International Metalworkers Federation, Washington, DC 3 Faye G. Barnes 1975-1977 Spouse of U.S. Embassy Officer, Madrid Wells Stabler 1975-1978 Ambassador, Spain Clint A. Lauderdale 1975-1979 Administrative Counselor, Madrid Samuel D. Eaton 1975-1979 Deputy Chief of Mission, Madrid John Helm 1976-1980 Communicator/Consular Officer, Seville John P. Leonard 1978-1981 Political/Military Officer, Madrid Keith C. Smith 1978-1981 Desk Officer for Spain, Washington, DC Serban Vallimarescu 1978-1982 Public Affairs Officer, USIS, Madrid Terence A. Todman 1978-1983 Ambassador, Spain Robert E. Barbour 1978-1984 Deputy Chief of Mission, Madrid Warren Zimmerman 1980-1981 Vice Chairman, US Delegation, Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Madrid Leslie M. Alexander 1981-1983 Economic Officer, Madrid Francis M. Kinnelly 1981-1985 Science and Technology Attaché, Madrid John Brayton Redecker 1981-1985 Economic Counselor, Madrid McKinney Russell 1982-1985 Public Affairs Officer, USIS, Madrid Robert E. Service 1982-1987 Political Counselor, Madrid Jack R. Binns 1984-1986 Deputy Chief of Mission, Madrid Thomas R. Carmichael 1984-1986 Rotation Officer, USIS, Madrid Gary S. Usrey 1985-1988 Principal Officer, Bilbao Walter B. Deering 1986-1988 Assistant Regional Security Officer, Madrid Charles A. Ford 1986-1988 Head of Commercial Office, Barcelona Edward C. McBride 1986-1991 Cultural Attaché, USIS, Madrid 4 Perry W. Linder 1988-1992 Administrative Counselor, Madrid Daniel Whitman 1989-1993 Assistant Information Officer, USIS, Madrid Jacob Gillespie 1989-1994 Public Affairs, USIS, Madrid Larry Colbert 1991-1994 Consul General, Madrid Richard Ogden 1992-1995 Political Counselor, Madrid David N. Greenlee 1992-1995 Deputy Chief of Mission, Madrid Melissa Sanderson 1993-1996 Labor Counselor and Telecommunications Officer, Madrid Gilbert R. Callaway 1995-1996 Cultural Attaché, USIS, Madrid Melissa Sanderson 1997 Preparation for Madrid NATO Summit, Madrid James D. Walsh 1998-2000 Deputy Chief of Mission, Madrid WILLIAM C. TRIMBLE Consular Practice Seville (1931-1932) Ambassador William C. Trimble was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He received a bachelor's degree in political science from Princeton University. He entered the Foreign Service in 1931, where his career included positions in Estonia, France, Argentina, England, Brazil, and Germany, and an ambassadorship to Cambodia. Ambassador Trimble was interviewed by Charles Stuart Kennedy in 1990. TRIMBLE: I was assigned to Seville. My mother paid my trip over, which was the last time I took any money from my family. Those who had been accepted were given a large salary of $2,500 a year, no allowances. Fortunately in Seville we had a government-owned building which was made for the 1929 Exposition, but with living quarters. The idea was everyone that came in at that time had to go through consular practice work, and it made a great deal of sense. There was no talk about cones or anything like that, which is-- Q: I might add for the record, "cones" is the bureaucratic jargon for the major specialties within the Foreign Service: political, economic, administrative and consular. TRIMBLE: That was put in many years later by a man who was Mr. Dulles' private assistant and who became assistant secretary of administration. The idea was in my opinion completely wrong, 5 and the Service still suffers from it. We had to learn consular practice. That is shipping, invoices, notarials, accounts, trade letters, commercial reporting, welfare, helping Americans abroad, passports, visas, and so forth. And you learned a lot about human nature and dealing with people, particularly if you had had a rather limited knowledge of human nature as a college student. We all had to learn consular work. Then I went to what was called the Foreign Service School, which you had to go to for three months of further training, three months of study, in Washington. That was after over a year In Seville. Then the Depression was really on. Government employees worked one month without pay. So cutting down $2,500 by one-twelfth didn't leave much. Fortunately, I was home, so I could live with my family and my mother at that time. Then I was assigned to Buenos Aires. MURAT WILLIAMS Private Secretary to Ambassador to Spain Madrid (1939) Ambassador Williams was born and raised in Virginia and was educated at the University of Virginia and Oxford University. After serving in the US Navy in World War II, he joined the State Department, serving in Washington, D.C., where he worked with the Refugee Relief Program, and abroad. His foreign posts include San Salvador, Bucharest, Salonika, Bern and Tel Aviv. Mr. Williams served as U.S. Ambassador to El Salvador from 1961 to 1964. Ambassador Williams was interviewed by Melvin Spector in 1990. He died in 1994. WILLIAMS: Yes. I expected to spend my life there. But I got a Rhodes scholarship and went to Oxford for three years. At the end of that time I had been invited by an old friend of the family's who was going to Spain as Ambassador to accompany him there as his private secretary. This was Alexander W. Weddell, who was our first ambassador to Spain after the Spanish Civil War. I spent about seven months with him and realized that I had to go back to Dr. Freedman who was holding a job for me as assistant to the editor of the News Leader in Richmond. But the war came and the pull of the service was such that I had to leave the newspaper in September 1940 to go into the Navy. I spent the next five years in the Navy, but two of those years I had duty as assistant naval attaché in Madrid. When the war finally ended I had had three years of duty at sea, the Atlantic and Pacific, and after that I was told that I was in a good position to go into the Foreign Service under the Manpower Act. For some reason I was persuaded to do that and did not return to Dr. Freedman. Q: May I go back a moment before we leave this part of your history, when you were in England what was your general field of study at Oxford? WILLIAMS: At Oxford my principal field of study was politics and economics. I had a great opportunity there to study with some very good tutors, but Mr. Weddell was setting up an 6 embassy in Spain in the spring of 1939, when I was finishing at Oxford, and he urged me to come as soon as I could.