FY 2007 Congressional Budget Request
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The Unseen Costs of Solar-Generated Electricity
THE UNSEEN COSTS OF SOLAR-GENERATED ELECTRICITY Megan E. Hansen, BS, Strata Policy Randy T Simmons, PhD, Utah State University Ryan M. Yonk, PhD, Utah State University The Institute of Political Economy (IPE) at Utah State University seeks to promote a better understanding of the foundations of a free society by conducting research and disseminating findings through publications, classes, seminars, conferences, and lectures. By mentoring students and engaging them in research and writing projects, IPE creates diverse opportunities for students in graduate programs, internships, policy groups, and business. PRIMARY INVESTIGATORS: Megan E. Hansen, BS Strata Policy Randy T Simmons, PhD Utah State University Ryan M. Yonk, PhD Utah State University STUDENT RESEARCH ASSOCIATES: Matthew Crabtree Jordan Floyd Melissa Funk Michael Jensen Josh Smith TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Solar Energy and the Grid ............................................................................................................................................ -
Application of Solar Energy for Lighting in Opencast Mines
Application of Solar Energy for Lighting in Opencast Mines A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Technology In Mining Engineering By Abhishek Kumar Tripathi (Roll No. 212MN1424) DEPARTMENT OF MINING ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA -769 008, INDIA MAY 2014 Application of Solar Energy for Lighting in Opencast Mines A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Technology In Mining Engineering By Abhishek Kumar Tripathi (Roll No. 212MN1424) Under the guidance of Dr. H. B. Sahu Associate Professor DEPARTMENT OF MINING ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA -769 008, INDIA MAY 2014 National Institute of Technology Rourkela CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Application of Solar Energy for Lighting in Opencast Mines” submitted by Sri Abhishek Kumar Tripathi (Roll No. 212MN1424) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Master of Technology degree in Mining Engineering at the National Institute of Technology, Rourkela is an authentic work carried out by him under my supervision and guidance. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in this thesis has not formed the basis for the award of any Degree or Diploma or similar title of any University or Institution. Date: Dr. H. B. Sahu Associate Professor Department of Mining Engineering NIT, Rourkela-769008 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I take the opportunity to express my reverence to my supervisor Prof. H. B. Sahu for his guidance, constructive criticism and valuable suggestions during the course of this work. I find words inadequate to thank him for his encouragement and effort in improving my understanding of this project. -
Environmental and Economic Benefits of Building Solar in California Quality Careers — Cleaner Lives
Environmental and Economic Benefits of Building Solar in California Quality Careers — Cleaner Lives DONALD VIAL CENTER ON EMPLOYMENT IN THE GREEN ECONOMY Institute for Research on Labor and Employment University of California, Berkeley November 10, 2014 By Peter Philips, Ph.D. Professor of Economics, University of Utah Visiting Scholar, University of California, Berkeley, Institute for Research on Labor and Employment Peter Philips | Donald Vial Center on Employment in the Green Economy | November 2014 1 2 Environmental and Economic Benefits of Building Solar in California: Quality Careers—Cleaner Lives Environmental and Economic Benefits of Building Solar in California Quality Careers — Cleaner Lives DONALD VIAL CENTER ON EMPLOYMENT IN THE GREEN ECONOMY Institute for Research on Labor and Employment University of California, Berkeley November 10, 2014 By Peter Philips, Ph.D. Professor of Economics, University of Utah Visiting Scholar, University of California, Berkeley, Institute for Research on Labor and Employment Peter Philips | Donald Vial Center on Employment in the Green Economy | November 2014 3 About the Author Peter Philips (B.A. Pomona College, M.A., Ph.D. Stanford University) is a Professor of Economics and former Chair of the Economics Department at the University of Utah. Philips is a leading economic expert on the U.S. construction labor market. He has published widely on the topic and has testified as an expert in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, served as an expert for the U.S. Justice Department in litigation concerning the Davis-Bacon Act (the federal prevailing wage law), and presented testimony to state legislative committees in Ohio, Indiana, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Utah, Kentucky, Connecticut, and California regarding the regulations of construction labor markets. -
Annex 45 Guidebook on Energy Efficient Electric Lighting for Buildings
ANNEX 45 GUIDEBOOK ON ENERGY EFFICIENT ELECTRIC LIGHTING FOR BUILDINGS Espoo 2010 Edited by Liisa Halonen, Eino Tetri & Pramod Bhusal AaltoUniversity SchoolofScienceandTechnology DepartmentofElectronics LightingUnit Espoo2010 GUIDEBOOKONENERGYEFFICIENT ELECTRICLIGHTINGFORBUILDINGS 1 GuidebookonEnergyEfficientElectricLightingforBuildings IEA-InternationalEnergyAgency ECBCS-EnergyConservationinBuildingsandCommunitySystems Annex45-EnergyEfficientElectricLightingforBuildings Distribution: AaltoUniversity SchoolofScienceandTechnology DepartmentofElectronics LightingUnit P.O.Box13340 FIN-00076Aalto Finland Tel:+358947024971 Fax:+358947024982 E-mail:[email protected] http://ele.tkk.fi/en http://lightinglab.fi/IEAAnnex45 http://www.ecbcs.org AaltoUniversitySchoolofScienceandTechnology ISBN978-952-60-3229-0(pdf) ISSN1455-7541 2 ABSTRACT Abstract Lightingisalargeandrapidlygrowingsourceofenergydemandandgreenhousegasemissions.At thesametimethesavingspotentialoflightingenergyishigh,evenwiththecurrenttechnology,and therearenewenergyefficientlightingtechnologiescomingontothemarket.Currently,morethan 33billionlampsoperateworldwide,consumingmorethan2650TWhofenergyannually,whichis 19%oftheglobalelectricityconsumption. The goal of IEA ECBCS Annex 45 was to identify and to accelerate the widespread use of appropriate energy efficient high-quality lighting technologies and their integration with other buildingsystems,makingthemthepreferredchoiceoflightingdesigners,ownersandusers.The aimwastoassessanddocumentthetechnicalperformanceoftheexistingpromising,butlargely -
DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program FY 2005 Annual
DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program Cover Photos (clockwise from lower right): On August 8, 2005, President George W. Bush visited the National Solar Thermal Test Facility at Sandia National Laboratories as part of his signing of the Energy Bill. R.J. Montoya Photo National Renewable Energy Laboratory researchers use a computer-controlled data acquisition system at the laboratory’s Outdoor Test Facility to characterize the performance and reliability of PV cells and modules. Jim Yost, PIX14094 A Cornell University student cleans the solar-powered rooftop of his team’s entry in preparation for the 2005 Solar Decathlon competition in Washington, D.C. Stefano Paltera/Solar Decathlon Global Solar Energy, a member of the Thin Film PV Partnership, produces PV material by depositing CIGS (copper indium gallium diselenide) on a lightweight, flexible polymide substrate in roll form. Global Solar Energy, PIX13419 The DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program Raymond A. Sutula, Manager, DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program The Solar Energy Technologies Program, within the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), is responsible for developing solar energy technologies that can convert sunlight to useful energy and make that energy available to satisfy a significant portion of our nation's energy needs in a cost-effective way. The Solar Program supports research and development that addresses a wide range of applications, including on- site electricity generation, thermal energy for space heating and hot water, and large-scale power production. This is a great time to be involved with solar energy. Photovoltaic (PV) systems are being installed in the United States and around the world in unprecedented quantities. -
Letting the Sun Shine in by Jeff Muhs
The secondary mirror and fibre receiver of the hybrid solar lighting collector system. At left is ORNL’s Alex Fischer, director of technology transfer & economic development, and Jeff Muhs (plus his reflection in mirror at right), director of solar energy R&D. Letting The Sun Shine In By Jeff Muhs n emerging technology called hybrid solar lighting is turning them up as clouds move in or the sun sets. As a causing experts to rethink how best to use solar result, HSL is close to an order of magnitude more efficient Aenergy in commercial buildings where lights than the most affordable solar cells today and has many consume a third of the electricity. advantages over conventional daylighting approaches. Imagine a day when newswires report a low-cost solar technology achieving efficiencies an order of magnitude bet- Solar Options For Illuminating Commercial Buildings ter than the most cost-effective solar cells available today. Until just over a hundred years ago, the sun provided light Although it may sound like a distant fantasy, a recent for illuminating the inside of buildings during the day. Even- research effort led by the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge tually, the cost, convenience, and performance of electric National Laboratory (ORNL) is quickly proving otherwise. lights improved until sunlight was no longer needed. Electric Rather than converting sunlight into electricity, paying the lights revolutionized the way we designed buildings, making price of photovoltaic (PV) inefficiency, Hybrid Solar Light- them minimally dependent on natural daylight. Couple this ing (HSL) uses sunlight directly. Roof-mounted collectors with an ever-growing number of people working indoors, and concentrate sunlight into optical fibres that carry it inside it’s easy to understand why electric lighting now represents buildings to “hybrid” light fixtures that also contain electric the single largest consumer of electricity in commercial build- lamps (see Figure 1). -
Solar Energy Perspectives
Solar Energy TECHNOLOGIES Perspectives Please note that this PDF is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/about/copyright.asp Renewable Energy Renewable Solar Energy Renewable Energy Perspectives In 90 minutes, enough sunlight strikes the earth to provide the entire planet's energy needs for one year. While solar energy is abundant, it represents a tiny Technologies fraction of the world’s current energy mix. But this is changing rapidly and is being driven by global action to improve energy access and supply security, and to mitigate climate change. Technologies Solar Around the world, countries and companies are investing in solar generation capacity on an unprecedented scale, and, as a consequence, costs continue to fall and technologies improve. This publication gives an authoritative view of these technologies and market trends, in both advanced and developing Energy economies, while providing examples of the best and most advanced practices. It also provides a unique guide for policy makers, industry representatives and concerned stakeholders on how best to use, combine and successfully promote the major categories of solar energy: solar heating and cooling, photovoltaic Technologies Solar Energy Perspectives Solar Energy Perspectives and solar thermal electricity, as well as solar fuels. Finally, in analysing the likely evolution of electricity and energy-consuming sectors – buildings, industry and transport – it explores the leading role solar energy could play in the long-term future of our energy system. Renewable Energy (61 2011 25 1P1) 978-92-64-12457-8 €100 -:HSTCQE=VWYZ\]: Renewable Energy Renewable Renewable Energy Technologies Energy Perspectives Solar Renewable Energy Renewable 2011 OECD/IEA, © INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974. -
Q4 2018 / Q1 2019 Solar Industry Update
Q4 2018/Q1 2019 Solar Industry Update David Feldman Robert Margolis May 2019 NREL/PR-6A20-73992 Executive Summary • At the end of 2018, global PV installations reached 509 GW-DC, • The United States installed 10.7 GW-DC of PV in 2018 (8.3 GW- an annual increase of 102 GW-DC from 2017. AC), with 4.2 GW-DC coming in Q4—cumulative capacity reached 62.5 GW-DC (49.7 GW-AC). – In 2018, the leading markets in terms of annual deployment were China (44 GW-DC), the United States (11 GW-DC), and – Analysts also expect U.S. PV capacity to double by 2022. India (8 GW-DC). • In 2018, global PV shipments were approximately 89 GW—a Analysts expect cumulative PV capacity to double by 2022. – decrease of 5% from 2017. More than 96% of those PV shipments used c-Si technology and were shipped from Asian • At the end of 2018, cumulative global CSP installations reached countries. 6.2 GW, up 710 MW from 2017. • In 2018, the United States produced approximately 1 GW of c-Si • Solar installations represented 22% of all new U.S. electric modules and 0.4 GW of thin film. generation capacity in 2018—second to natural gas (58%). – The United States expanded its PV manufacturing capacity • In 2018, solar represented 4.6% of net summer capacity and to 6 GW in Q1 2019 (up from 2.5 GW in 2017), and it is 2.3% of annual net generation. expected to add another 3 GW in the near future. -
Solar Energy - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Solar energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Solar energy, radiant light and heat from the sun, has been harnessed by humans since ancient times using a range of ever-evolving technologies. Solar energy technologies include solar heating, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal electricity and solar architecture, which can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces.[1] Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture, convert and distribute solar energy. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors to harness the energy. Passive solar Nellis Solar Power Plant in the United States, one of techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting the largest photovoltaic power plants in North materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and designing spaces that naturally circulate air. America. In 2011, the International Energy Agency said that "the development of affordable, Renewable energy inexhaustible and clean solar energy technologies will have huge longer-term benefits. It will increase countries’ energy security through reliance on an indigenous, inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resource, enhance sustainability, reduce pollution, lower the costs of mitigating climate change, and keep fossil fuel prices lower than otherwise. These advantages are -
Renewable Energy
APES Ch. 14 Notes: Renewable Energy 14.1 Notes I. Putting Solar Energy to Work A. Principles of Solar Energy 1) pros a) energy source is already present b) renewable c) will not disturb natural balance of energy d) products not radioactive e) will diminish our use of fossil fuels f) especially good for power generation in rural areas and developing countries 2) cons a) expensive (but still declining) b) requires a backup for nighttime or overcast conditions c) climate may not by sunny enough during winter for practical use in some parts of the world B. solar heating of water 1) flat-plate collectors—solar collectors composed of a thin, wide box with a black bottom and imbedded water tubes from www.flasolar.com : 2) types of solar heating of water a) passive—uses natural convection currents and flat-plate collectors placed below the storage tank b) active—a pump is used to move the liquid C. solar space heating: types of solar heating/cooling 1) Passive solar heating a) description From http://www.greenbuilder.com “Passive solar design refers to the use of the sun's energy for the heating and cooling of living spaces… the building itself or some element of it takes advantage of natural energy characteristics in materials and air created by exposure to the sun. Passive systems are simple, have few moving parts, and require minimal maintenance and require no mechanical systems.” 1 b) characteristics i) uses natural convection currents ii) south-facing glass iii) thermal mass to absorb, store, & distribute heat iv) earth-sheltered housing—using the earth as insulation to a passive solar energy building earth berms—slopes of earth built against the walls o cover the walls with clay, etc. -
Proceedings Of
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HYBRID SOLAR LIGHTING AND FULL-SPECTRUM SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS -HII 0XKV 2DN5LGJH1DWLRQDO/DERUDWRU\ Presented at the American Solar Energy Society’s SOLAR 2000 Conference Madison, Wisconsin July 16-21,2000 Prepared by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8048 Managed by LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY RESEARCH CORP. for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under contract DE-AC05-96OR22464 The submitted manuscript has been authored by a subcontractor of the U. S. Government under contract DE-AC05-96OR22464. Accordingly, the U. S. Government retains a paid-up, nonexclu- sive, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, or allow others to do so, for U. S. Government purposes. Paper Number 33 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HYBRID SOLAR LIGHTING AND FULL-SPECTRUM SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS Jeff Muhs, Oak Ridge National Laboratory ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION This paper describes a systems-level design and analysis of Throughout the 1900s, the use of the sun as a light source a new approach for improving the energy efficiency and for illuminating building interiors has evolved considerably. As affordability of solar energy in buildings, namely, hybrid solar we entered the century, the sun was our primary source of lighting and full-spectrum solar energy systems. By using interior light during the day. Eventually, however, the cost and different portions of the solar spectrum simultaneously for performance of electric lamps improved, and the sun was multiple end-use applications in buildings, the proposed system displaced as our primary method of lighting building interiors. -
Environmental Assessment
Environmental Assessment Turning Point Solar Generating Project Noble County, Ohio Turning Point Solar LLC U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Utilities Service (RUS) Please submit questions or written comments to: Lauren McGee Environmental Scientist USDA/RUS 1400 Independence Ave., SW Mail Stop 1571 Washington, DC 20250-1571 Phone: (202) 720-1482 Fax: (202) 690-0649 Email: [email protected] ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT TURNING POINT SOLAR PROJECT Brookfield Township, Noble County, Ohio Prepared for: U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Utilities Service January 2012 Prepared by: URS Corporation Cleveland, Ohio Rural Utilities Service Turning Point Solar Project TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.....................................................................................................ES-1 1.0 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR THE PROPOSED ACTION.............................................1-1 1.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Proposed Action.........................................................................................................1-3 1.3 Applicant’s Purpose and Need ..................................................................................1-5 2.0 ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS AND DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION......................................................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Project Alternatives That Meet the Purpose and Need...............................................2-1