;r:NE: I, OBIMUARY. JUNE OBIIYUARY. 19"J71 I-igo-.1-MIDICALTNDIC L JOarUNAXI 1337 house in London. He then for some time studied law, but OBITUARY, linally decided to enter the medical profession. Even during his brief commercial life, however, he read steadily and took J03EPH GROVES, B.A., M.B.LOND., M.R.C.S., the B.A. degree of London at the age of 19. After taking LR.C.P.LoND., M.D.BOLOGNA, F.G.S., F.8.S., F.MET.S., his arts degree he entered King's College as a medical ,JUSTICE OF THE PEACE; MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH, ISLE OF student, we believe in 1861. Whilst only a second-year WIGHT RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL, ETC. student the pecuniary advisability of his taking a quali- ON May 21st Dr. Joseph Groves died at his residence at fication to practise was urged upon him by some of his Carisbrooke in the Isle of Wight. For the three weeks college friendE, and after considerab1e difficulty he was preceding his death his friends and the inhabitants of the allowed to enter for the Licence of the Society of Isle of Wight had been aware that he lay very seriously Apothecaries, being granted this in 1863. Taking the ill, but to many of his very numerous and widely-scattered M.R.C.S.Eng. in 1864, he was appointed Medical Registrar tpersonal friends, and to those also who have known him at King's College Hnspital, having previously held tem- in the Council and Committee meetings of the various porarily one or two dispensary appointments. About 1866 -associations and societies with which he has been so long he settled in practice in Highbury, still keeping in touch and so honourably cDnnected, the intimation of the end of with his hospital, acting as anaesthetist to Fergusson and his manifold activities and untiring efforts in the cause of Priestley, with both of whom he was on terms of great ,suffering humanity must come with a sudden sense of friendliness. It was in the year 1866 that an apparently irreparable loss. With accidental occurrence his death there passes _ - 0 the outbreak of from the Isle of Wight l. l CCl_loAsiatic cholera- de- ,one of its most pro- cied very largely the minent, useful, and future trend of his life- universally respected ~~ 4k ~work. As a result of itizens,cand the British a hastily - summoned Medical Aslociation Privy Council meeting, bas to mourn a loss r 1-11 Ivarious medical men, which will be felt for > . |IIselected by medical many years to come. * bodies, were put in A distinguished phy- cha'rge of preventive sician, a sanitary re- measures in thesieveral former of the first rank, districts. Dr. Groves, -an antiquarian, and a acting in co-operation geologist, his interests lll_HwithDr. Evans, the und sympathies were I _ l * 11 _ poMedical Officer of so many sided that Health, was put in they defy brief descnip- charge of the Charing tioni, and we can only Cross district until the here mention the most epidemic was stamped salient features and J out. His fearless dis- ,events of a life spent charge of duty and in well-doing. lofty disdain of per- He was born in the sonal attack were well -year 1839, being the illustrated at that time eldest son of Mr.Joseph by his closing of the Gtroves of Newport, and old Holy Well from was descended by the which Holywell Street snaternal line from one was named, in the face of the oldest island of considerable popu- families. His mother lar Indignation. On belonged to the Roach the day following thbi family, who for several Dr.Grove3, though himself in act he was mobbed and hundreds of years have stoned, and had to take larmed the lands of refuge in Charing Cross Arreton and Great and Hospital. This tem- Little Standen, and porary appointment doubtless it was his marks, we believe, the close connexion with beginning of his life- long labours in the many families; of his- public service, labours which have resulted torei importancewhich wasin theat isilandthe root at once of his Iin incalcuilable bene- great love for the beau- bOSePH GROVES, B.A., b M.B.LOND.,II.B.LOND.Xarx.s:M.D.C.S.fits to the people of Stiful homes of his fore- the Isle of Wight, often fathers and of the antiquarian zeal which never dese'rted wrung with unusual courage and tenacity of purposve him, making him at the time of his death one of the from the most istrenuous local opposition. Not long after most reliable and well-informed authorities on isiland this time and to the great concern of his friends, signs of antiquities. pulmonary consumption appeared and in 1868 his chief, His parentsj belonged to the Methodisit (Jonnexion, and Sir William Fergusson, secured for him a transatlantic he was sent at the age of 12 to Taunton College, a well- travelling appointment. Unf'ortunately on his second known school for the Eons of Methodists. Even in his voyage to New York a seve're haemorrhage occurred and -school days he must have been recognized as the possessor we may incidentally mention it as most characteristic of of those sterling qualities which afterwards won for him the man that a fellow-traveller incurring a fracture of the the respect of all who knewI him, for it is related th'at thigh and no medical man being, available at the time, whilst' still a lower-f-orm boy the Head-Mr. Thomas Dr. Groves, though himself in a mosit precarious condi- Sibley-having to repress a certain amount of illicit cor- tion, caused himself to be carried to the side of the patient Tespondence carried on by the boys, and being unwilling and directed the setting of the limb. Returning to Cansg- to intervene personally, requested the boys to elect for brooke, as his friends thoughit to die, he treated himself themselves a " postman," through whose hands all letters on w'hatt Aare now everyw1here recognized as t.he mostf had to pass. Young Groves, much to his surprise, was approved methods of treatment of pulmonary consumption elected to this post of trust. Leaving school in 1856, at -abundant food and perpetual open air-and made a the age of 17, and having passed the London Matricula- most satisfactory recovery. In this relation we may say tion, his future career appeara for a time to have been un- that we have before us as we write the original manu- decided, and for about a year he was employed at a business script of an article entitled "The Health of Rome," by I 2%2 Ift I 33.8 KMQ" jrg.ii.x-"I OBITUJARY. [JU NE I , 90. Dr Groves, penned nearly forty years ago, in which are pelled him to take to his bed, he has discharged his indicated those principles afterwards put into practice numerous duties-for the past year witlh increasing diffi- in his treatment of consumption and insanity and which culty, but with indomitable oDurage and never a thought are;to-day universally relognized. "In no respects per- for himself-as Medical Officer of Health and as a highly- haps," he said, " is the advance in medical knowledge and esteemed medical practitioner, winning the confidence treatment more marked than in the confidence with which and admiration of all. As a physician his practice has the modern physician regards many cases of phthisis been entirely confined to medicine,.and for many years he and of mental derangement which come before him. He has been largely called in consultation by his knows that if, instead of farther impairing the digestive in the island and the adjacent mainland.cnfufrereAs functions of a consumptive with sedatives and other a Medical Officer of Health he was lknown and drugs, he judiciously administers cod-liver oil, iron, and respected all over Great and Greater Britain. other foods; that, if instead of depriving him of all In the words of an Isle of Wight newspaper, occupation, he encouragos him to follow pursuits which he fought battalions almost singlehanded and carried do not hurry the circulation, and which can be carried on reform after reform at the' bayonet point. His annual in a pure atmosphere; and that if, instead of shutting him reports were-models of what such reports should be, and up in a suite of rooms heated to one temperature, his in the closing words of his last report, one may dimly patient can reside in climates which admit of his living discern his dawning knowledge that he was hand- out-of-doors all the year 'round, life will be at least pro- ing in his last report, his final apologia pro vita- longed in most cases. sud, at once a farewell He knows that if, in- and his most fitting stead of confintng a epitaph: " As the person with mental person who knows, delusions in a mad- perhaps, your sanitary house and using such district and its require- disciplinary measures ments better than any as were formerly in other, I have, rightly vogue, he is bold or wrongly, en- enough to send him deavoured to do my travelling under sunny duty by speaking skies and with sur- plainly, but not, I roundings of the trust, discourteously. beautifal in nature and My only object has art, which will provide been the good of the forhimconstantchange people for whose wel- of scene and material fare I have striven for for change of thought, so many years." he will in many cases He joined the British more or less speedily Medical Association in restore him to his 1875. In 1897 he came work in life, and save on the Central Council his family one of the as a Representative of intensest griefs which the Southern Branch; families know." he was 'at one time After a year spent in Chairman of the Public convalescence in his Health Committee, and island home he spent wag a member of the some years in foreign Journal and Finance tra-vel in medical Committee at the time charge of invalid noble- of his death. He had men and others, win- been a member of other tering in Italy, Switzer- Committees in other land, or Egypt, and years, -including the visiting Scotland in the Parliamentary Bills summer. He also spent Committee, the former at this time on two Ethical Committee, occasions several and was a very active months of fruitful member of the Colonial study in Paris, living Committee from the in the Latin Quarter time of its formation with other students. up to last year. He He was living in Paris was a Vice-President at the time of the of the State Medicine Communist barricades, Sections in 1899 and and witnessed the again in 1906. In his death of a close friend who was shot down by the capacity of Vice-President of the State Medicine Sections soldiery on the top of a barricade whilst attempting to he attended the Annual Meeting of the Association disperie his riotous student friends. This incident was at Toronto last year, and there is some reason for afterwards introduced into a novel, the hero of which fearing that, after the meetings of the Association was Dr. Groves's friend, by " Ouida," whose acquaintance were over, the exertion of travel to Vancouver and Dr. Groves made at 1bAs time. In these years of foreign his hurried visits to many cities in the United travel Dr. Groves made lifelong friendships with many States did him harm. Three years ago an honour which people of note, he laid up a store of ever-fruitful know- he greatly appreciated was conferred upon him by his ledge and pleasant memories, and he developed his un- election to the presidentship of the Incorporated Society erring taste in works of -art. Returning to the Isle of of Medical Officers of Health. He was a member of the Wight, at first in charge of a single patient who suffered British Baineological and Climatological Society, and at from mental derangement, he sought, on the recovery of the time of his death was the President-elect for the his- patient, no practice, but for a year or two attended ensuing year. He was also a member of the Conjoint only his friends at their urgent request. Committee for the teaching of Hygiene and Temperance In 1883, however, he was appointed Medicil Officer of in the universities and schools of the British Empire, and Eealth to. the Isle of Wight Rural -Sanitary Authority, a Fellow of the Geological, Statistical, and Meteorological subseqkiently being automatically exchanged to the Societies. He was for many years a Justice of the Peace, Ruril Disiri ,t Council. From that date, twenty-four and as an islander took the keenest interest in local yeats ago, until severe 4and.repeated anginal attacks and societies, being a vice-president of the Isle of Wight the oneet of dangerous,"mptoms four weeks ago com- Hortinitaral, the Isle of Wight Agricultural,, and the 3UNB I, 1907.] OBITUARY. tTewport, Literary Societies, and was a member of the or otherwise, he was always in the front rank with Newport Benevolent and many other societies and athletic wisdom and knowledge, and I know of no one in- clubs. As an ardent archaeologist he was a member of the Southern Branch who fought so strenuouslyl to the Hampshire Field Oltib and Archaeological Society, bring- the ethics of medieitie to the highest pitch of and devoted much time and care to the study of the perfection. He has encouraged and lessened the task of records of the past and to the preservation of the ancient many who bend themselves in that direction. As you monuments and landmarks of his native and beloved know, sir, medicine is falling into-a distinctly new groove island. contrary to the past, and it is only by the individual We have summed up here, very inadequately, the- main efforts of example that the Association can gather sheep facts, from the point of view of professional service, of into the fold. Myself, very much Interested in ethics, a life devoted to the public good. As a writer in the I have over and over again consulted the late Dr. Groves Isle of Wight paper has said, he lived for the island, he on knotty points, and it'i has only been by his skilful worked for it, and it may truly be said that he died for advice that I have tracked a right course. Often I have the island. Certainly his devotion to his public work listened to his remarks. "'He ought to know better,' hastened his end. The urgent remonstrances of his friends meaning that a man in th}e profession occupying a were disregarded, and he died, as he often said he wished front stall should set the example by eschewing these to die, still in harness. For- these reasons his most indifferent habits rising up amongst us by personal enduring monument will be his public service to the adirerLisement in any shape or form. "How can the community, no small part of which has been his faithful youth of the Brittish Medical Association- be expected to education of the people of the Isle of Wight, in season steer a right course when leaders of medicine track the and, out, of season, in the laws of health. The public perilous road of careless- ethics F" he would- say. These offioial, however, may be replaced, but the man never. and other points which help to make-up the fabric of the Whilst hisg public-work is a long record&of dtties nobly British Medical Association were so deeply'rooted in our fulfilled, notwithstanding obstacles from without and lost brother, Dr. Groves, that not only the Southern inereasing- bodily illness, he will be remembered not as Braneh; loses an ornament, but the Britigh Medical the nitary reformer, wise in council'chamber, bold in Association all over the world. action-for he was a born fighter, though ever and only in- a good cause, intolerant of' wrong, disdainful of con- vention, oontemptuous of shams, and" singularly inde- THE LATE SIR JOSEPH FAYRER. pendent and outspoken in his commerce with all manner SIR WILLIAM HEOOPER, Honorary Surgeon to His Majesty of men-but as one who all7 his life long has been to the King,late President, MedicAl Board,IndiaOffice,writes: great numbers of the poor and suffering at once physician, Having enjoyed for many years an intimate friendadp banker, counsellor, and 'truest friend. with the late Sir Joseph Fayrer, I can testify that, he lost He 'was laid to rest in the family burying ground at no opportunity of furthering the cause of science and Newport on Friday, May 24th. The estimation in which medical education and; of promoting the interests of the he was held was well shown by the presence at the public medical services, of which he was such a grand. funeral, in addition to the civic bodies and the repre- representative. Fayrer consiatently upheld the honour sentatives of all( the medical associations with which he and dignity of his profession and strongly advocated the was connected, of a concourse of moumers from all parts rights of the medical services. It may not be generally such as has been seldom witnessed in the island. known that he was twice invited ta rFpresent in Parlia- And so, after a distressing illness borne with uncom- ment, in the Gonservative interest,. the Scottish plaining -fortitude, grieving' only* that he should trouble Universities. His duties at. the India Office debarred his others, there passed into the great silence one whom the acceding to the first invitation, and his, failing health world can ill spared Of - good presenee and-distinguished made him deeline the second. The Scottish Universities, courtesy, noble of mind and great of heart, thougbtftil the profession, and the medical services were thus deprived of all but' himself; he lived entirely in the service of of having a parliamentary advocate of great ability and humanity, loving his neighbours as himself, and leaves oratorical power with the courag. of his convictions. behind himt an ever-inspirifg memory of lofty ideals Fayrer was at heart the kindEst of men-ever ready and nobly -attained. anxious to help and advise a friend. One of the most Mr. WAnD COUSINS Writes: AR my friends in the South touching traits in his noble generous character, was his of England deeply, regret the loEs the profession has love of children; the village children of Kyleakin, Skye, sustained by the death of our old friend Dr. Joseph where he visited every autumn for many years, were, with Groves. He long enjoyed a high professional reputation the sick and helpless, objects of his special care. Each as a wie and skilful physician, and also as a-very able evening numbers would; await the return of his fishing- practitioner in every department of sanitary science. Dr. boat for their share of the dny's catch. Fayrer's ardeLt Groves was a man of strong convietions and marked inde- love of sport was enhanced by his extessive acquaintance pendence of chaacter, and while well able to defend at. with natural history. He made an excellent colMaction of all,times his high ideals of duty in every-relation in lifes British sea and game birds. Even when partially crippled. he possessed at the same time a very-kind and generous by gout he would get over miles on the moor and kill his heart. His mental energy never flagged, and for many birds. All who knew Fayrer must feel that a-man of very years; be very suceessfully discharged the duties of marked individuality, exceptional gifts, high courage, medical officer of health over the rural districts of the strong will, and a noble and lovable nature, has ,paesed Isle of Wight, and under his persistent and able direction from amonget us. the- sanitary, condition of the island greatly improved. He devoted much time, too, to philanthropic labour Sir LAUDER BRUNTON writes: The points about Sir among the poorer classes, and his generous and unosten- Joseph Fayrer which impressed one most. were, I think, tatious work among them will be a lasting reeord of his the perfect uprightness of his character, his. absolute useful and earnest life. Personally I have been inti- fearlessness, the wide range of his aetivity and.intereste, mately associated with Dr. Joseph Groves for many'.years, the wisdom of his judgement, the promptness and.energy not only as an active member of the Southern Branch, but of his action, and, last but not least, his kindness and also as a most agreeable and invalable colleague in the tenderness of heart. As illustrating the difficulties under Central Council of the Association. In- many other pro- which his scientific work was done, he eaid to me that in fessional matters I have had great opportunlties of appre- Calcutta he had sometimes to break off an experiment ciating his worth, and our long friendship will always-be upon the action of snake venom in order to go to the surrounded in my memory with the kindest. reeollection& hospital and do his work, and while there performing an amputation he would.sometimes be disturbed in his mind Dr. J. F. BRISCOE (Alton, Hants) writes: The Southern by anxiety regarding the progress of labour in one of his Branch has lost one of its. best "pillars" in the death best patients. His rapid decision and energetic action of Dr. Joseph Groves, of Carisbrooke, Isle of Wight. are well illustrated by a story which he told me of the It is impossible for me to fully place on reccrd the siege of Rangoon. A boat was landing from Fayrer's ship history of his life, for I am not in possession of it; in order to take part in the siege, but the fire was so hot but as a senrvant of the Southern Branch I know his that the boatmen who were pulling wished to turn worth. He was a leading star of ethics, and I feel back. Fayrer said that he felt extremely frightened, sure he had few equals. At our meetings, executive but the only outward and visible sign of his fright was