The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Promises to Discover Small Planets Around the Nearest and Brightest Stars
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Evans.2013.HD189733.Albedo.Pdf
ORE Open Research Exeter TITLE The Deep Blue Color of HD 189733b: Albedo Measurements with Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph at Visible Wavelengths AUTHORS Evans, T.M.; Pont, F.; Sing, David K.; et al. JOURNAL Astrophysical Journal DEPOSITED IN ORE 15 December 2014 This version available at http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16042 COPYRIGHT AND REUSE Open Research Exeter makes this work available in accordance with publisher policies. A NOTE ON VERSIONS The version presented here may differ from the published version. If citing, you are advised to consult the published version for pagination, volume/issue and date of publication The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 772:L16 (5pp), 2013 August 1 doi:10.1088/2041-8205/772/2/L16 C 2013. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. THE DEEP BLUE COLOR OF HD 189733b: ALBEDO MEASUREMENTS WITH HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE/SPACE TELESCOPE IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH AT VISIBLE WAVELENGTHS Thomas M. Evans1,Fred´ eric´ Pont2,DavidK.Sing2, Suzanne Aigrain1, Joanna K. Barstow1, Jean-Michel Desert´ 3,7, Neale Gibson4, Kevin Heng5, Heather A. Knutson3, and Alain Lecavelier des Etangs6 1 Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK; [email protected] 2 School of Physics, University of Exeter, EX4 4QL Exeter, UK 3 Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 4 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany 5 University of Bern, Center for Space and Habitability, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland 6 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR7095 CNRS, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, 98 bis Boulevard Arago, F-75014 Paris, France Received 2013 May 31; accepted 2013 June 15; published 2013 July 11 ABSTRACT We present a secondary eclipse observation for the hot Jupiter HD 189733b across the wavelength range 290–570 nm made using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. -
Activity Induced Variation in Spin-Orbit Angles As Derived from Rossiter–Mclaughlin Measurements M
A&A 619, A150 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833709 Astronomy & © ESO 2018 Astrophysics Activity induced variation in spin-orbit angles as derived from Rossiter–McLaughlin measurements M. Oshagh1,2, A. H. M. J. Triaud3, A. Burdanov4, P. Figueira2,5, A. Reiners1, N. C. Santos2,6, J. Faria2, G. Boue7, R. F. Díaz8,9, S. Dreizler1, S. Boldt1, L. Delrez10, E. Ducrot4, M. Gillon4, A. Guzman Mesa1, E. Jehin4, S. Khalafinejad11,12, S. Kohl11, L. Serrano2, and S. Udry13 1 Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] 2 Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal 3 University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK 4 Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août 17, Bat. B5C, 4000 Liège, Belgium 5 European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile 6 Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal 7 IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris, UPMC University Paris 6, PSL Research University, Paris, France 8 Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina 9 CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio (IAFE), Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina 10 Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, -
Suzanne Aigrain on Behalf of the Corot Exoplanet Science Team Why Space?
Suzanne Aigrain on behalf of the CoRoT exoplanet science team Why space? • Atmosphere limits precision photometry from the ground • Scintillation limit ~2 mmag • Representative transit depths for Sun-like star • Jupiter: 10 mmag • Neptune: 1.3 mmag • Earth: 0.1 mmag • Weather and daytime limit temporal coverage from the ground • Many sources of noise transit timescales removed • colour dependent differential extinction, seeing, etc... 27 December 2006 The satellite • PI: Annie Baglin, LESIA, Meudon • CNES PROTEUS bus • 27cm aperture telescope • Soyuz II-1b launcher from Baikonour • Polar orbit • 2.5 year minimum lifetime Payload 27cm telescope layout focal box Full images, windowing and target selection Focal planeSeismology detector (Vincent Lapeyrere) Exopplnat detector (Farid Karioty) • Sismo field • 5 windows / CCD • 5.7 < mV < 9.5 • 32s sampling (1s on request) • frame transfer mode • used for astrometry 2.8° • 10 bright stars • 10 background windows • 11600 faint stars • 400 background windows CoRoT_Booklet_talks_summer2007 2 seismo exo SCAO Pointing stability Barycenter X of the stellar image x-coord of stellar image barycenter Stability performances : x axis: rms 0.12 pixel y axis: rms 0.15 pixel ~ 0RMS.3 a stability:rc sec. 0.12 pixel in x 0.15 pixel in y ~0.3 arcsec Vibrations due to the entrance and exit form ecclipses vibrations due to Earth eclipse ingress and egress CoRoT_Booklet_talks_summer2007 3 Exo field 2.8° • Exo field • up to 6000 LCs / CCD • 11.5 < mV < 16 • 512s sampling (32s for 500 objects / CCD) • 3 colours for -
Cvetoje- Vic, Anthony Cheetham, Frantz Martinache, Barnaby Norris, Peter Tuthill
Dr Benjamin Pope Lecturer in Astrophysics and DECRA Fellow Advisor: Prof. David Hogg Affiliation: School of Mathematics & Physics University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia and Centre for Astrophysics University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia Homepage: benjaminpope.github.io email: [email protected] orcid: 0000-0003-2595-9114 Education and Previous Positions 2017-2020 NASA Sagan Fellow, New York University Advisor: Prof. David Hogg 2017 Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of Sydney Advisor: Prof. Peter Tuthill 2013-2017 Doctor of Philosophy in Astrophysics, University of Oxford Thesis: “Observing Bright Stars and their Planets from the Earth and from Space” Balliol College | Supervisors: Prof. Suzanne Aigrain, Prof. Patrick Roche 2013-14 Master of Science in Astrophysics, University of Sydney Thesis: “Vision and Revision: Wavefront Sensing from the Image Domain” Supervisor: Prof. Peter Tuthill 2012 Bachelor of Science (Advanced) with Honours in Physics, University of Sydney First Class Honours, with the University Medal Thesis: “Dancing in the Dark: Kernel Phase Interferometry of Ultracool Dwarfs” Supervisors: Prof. Peter Tuthill, Dr. Frantz Martinache 2010-2011 Study Abroad at the University of California, Berkeley Research project with Prof. Charles H. Townes, Infrared Spatial Interferometer. Grants ARC Discovery Early Career Research Award (DECRA) AUD $444,075.00 NASA TESS Cycle 3 Guest Investigator USD $50,000 TESS Cycle 2 Guest Investigator USD $50,000 Balliol Balliol Interdisciplinary Institute Research Grant College GBP £3,000 Teaching 2021 Extragalactic Astrophysics & Cosmology, University of Queensland 2019 Master of Data Science Guest Lecturer, NYU Center for Data Science 2017 Bayesian Reasoning Honours Lecturer, University of Sydney 2017 Honours Project Supervisor, University of Sydney Supervised Alison Wong and Matthew Edwards, both to First Class Honours and PhD acceptance. -
Nawal Husnoo, Frédéric Pont, David Sing, Kevin Heng, Suzanne Aigrain, Leigh Fletcher, Jaemin Lee, Tom Evans
Opacity and spectra in hot Jupiters Nawal Husnoo, Frédéric Pont, David Sing, Kevin Heng, Suzanne Aigrain, Leigh Fletcher, Jaemin Lee, Tom Evans. Contact: [email protected]. We are developing a set of tools for generating absorption coeffcients for hot Jupiter atmospheres. We focus on the visible spectrum, where we plan to use the routines for generating "frst guess" models for the upcoming transmission spectra of hot Jupiters (HST program in progress, PI: Sing). We also plan to study the atmospheric temperature-pressure profle of hot Jupiters (Heng et al. 2011)[1], with a focus on the effects of various types of clouds. The transmission spectrum of an exoplanet allows us to probe the atmosphere for elemental and molecular species. In the visible spectrum, sodium, potassium, titanium oxide and vanadium oxide are expected to be dominant [2], (depending on the composition and temperature). Absorption due to clouds/hazes can also be relevant [3]. In this project, we seek "frst guess" models to guide the ongoing observations of transmission spectra of transiting planets with HST. We seek to link the transmission spectrum with the "refection spectrum" in the visible, and compare the effects of scattering due to grains and absorption due to gasses. Transmission spectrum We perform fnite element integration for visible light rays that travel in a grazing geometry through the planet's atmosphere to generate the transmission spectrum. Absorption from the radiatively active species in the atmosphere causes wavelength-selective dimming in the light. Figure 1 shows an example of a transmission spectrum (HD 189733b), where we have plotted a model that includes the sodium D lines, Figure 1: Plot showing the latest reduction of the transmission spectroscopy for HD 189733b (our and Mie scattering for small particles (r<<λ), giving the Rayleigh regime. -
Today Oxford
www.oxfordtoday.ox.ac.uk Michaelmas Term 2010 Volume 23 No 1 OX FOR D TODAY THE UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE 20 | WILFRED THESIGER AFRICA SEEN THROUGH HIS LENS 30 | SCIENCE WHEN TO SHARE GENE DATA? 45 | GEOFFREY HILL SEAMUS PERRY ON OUR GREATEST LIVING POET PRIME MINISTERS Why has Oxford produced so many? OXF01.cover 1 8/10/10 3:37:5 pm FROM HOME Since 1821 the Oxfordand Cambridge Club has provided alumni of both universities with an exclusive home from home in the heartofthe Capital. Todaymembers can relax, dine and meetfriends in supremely elegant surroundings thatalso featurewell stocked libraries,sports facilities and first-class bedroom accommodation. Reciprocal clubs welcome members of the Oxfordand Cambridge Club in 35 countriesaround the world. Formoreinformation, please contact: [email protected] or call +44 (0)20 7321 5110 Oxfordand Cambridge Club,71Pall Mall,LondonSW1Y 5HD www.oxfordandcambridgeclub.co.uk OX FOR D TODAY EDITOR: Dr Richard Lofthouse DEPUTY ART EDITOR: Steven Goldring DESIGNER: Victoria Ford HEAD OF PUBLICATIONS AND WEB OFFICE: Anne Brunner-Ellis PRODUCTION EDITOR: Kate Lloyd SUB EDITOR: Elizabeth Tatham PICTURE EDITOR: Joanna Kay DESIGN DIRECTOR: Dylan Channon Thanks to Simon Kirrane, Esther Woodman, Helen Cox, Emma Swift EDITORIAL ENQUIRIES: Janet Avison Public Affairs Directorate Tel: 01865 280545 Fax: 01865 270178 [email protected] www.oxfordtoday.ox.ac.uk ALUMNI ENQUIRIES, INCLUDING CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Claire Larkin Alumni Offi ce Tel: 01865 611610 Michaelmas [email protected] COVER IMAGE: HARRY BORDEN/CORBIS OUTLINE, ROB JUDGES www.alumni.ox.ac.uk Term 2010 University of Oxford, University Offi ces, Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2JD ADVERTISING ENQUIRIES: Marie Longstaff Future Plus, Beaufort Court, 30 Monmouth Street, Bath BA1 2BW Tel: 01225 822849 [email protected] www.futureplc.com Oxford Today is published in February, June and October. -
Gaussian Processes
Gaussian processes: the next step in exoplanet data analysis Suzanne Aigrain (University of Oxford) Neale Gibson, Tom Evans, Amy McQuillan Steve Roberts, Steve Reece, Mike Osborne ... let the data speak Gaussian processes: the next step in exoplanet data analysis Suzanne Aigrain (University of Oxford) Neale Gibson, Tom Evans, Amy McQuillan Steve Roberts, Steve Reece, Mike Osborne Gaussian processes for modelling systematics 5 high precision time-series stochastic correlated disentangle noise Figure 1. The ‘raw’ HD 189733 NICMOS dataset used as an example for our Gaussian process model. Left: Raw light curves of HD 189733 for each of the 18 wavelength channels, from 2.50µmto1.48µmtoptobottom.Right:Theopticalstateparametersextracted from the spectra plotted as a time series. These are used as the input parameters for our GP model. The red lines represent a GP regression on the input parameters, used to remove the noise and test how this effects the GP model. the noisy input parameters. We also checked that the choice wavelength channels. In this example, only orbits 2, 3 and 5 of hyperprior length scale had little effect on the results, by are used to determine the parameters and hyperparameters setting them to large values, and repeating the procedure of the GP (or ‘train’ the GP), and are shown by the red with varying length scales ensuring the transmission spec- points4. Orbit 4 (green points) was not used... in the traininglet the data speak tra were not significantly altered. set. Predictive distributions were calculated for orbits 2–5, and are shown by the grey regions, which plot the 1 and 2σ confidence intervals. -
Statistics and Exoplanets
FM 8: Statistics and Exoplanets Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.202.8, on 29 Sep 2021 at 23:15:31, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921316002726 Astronomy in Focus, Volume 1, Focus Meeting 8 XXIXth IAU General Assembly, August 2015 c International Astronomical Union 2016 Piero Benvenuti, ed. doi:10.1017/S1743921316002726 Introduction Suzanne Aigrain1 and Eric Feigelson2 1 Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford, OX3 9UU, UK email: [email protected] 2 TBD email: Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics and Center for Astrostatistics, Penn State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park PA 16802 USA Abstract. The IAU’s Statistics and Exoplanets Focus Meeting brings together observers, mod- elers and methodologists to discuss the intricate challenges of extracting and interpreting faint planetary signals from dominant starlight. Initiated by the IAU’s new groups concentrating on astroinformatics and astrostatistics, the meeting stimulated the wider exoplanetary community as well as experts in data and science analysis. This proceedings presented selected papers from the Focus Meeting. Keywords. methods: data analysis, methods: statistical, (stars:) planetary systems 1. Motivation The discovery and characterization of exoplanets requires both superbly accurate in- strumentation and sophisticated statistical methods, to extract weak planetary signals from dominant starlight, very large samples and noisy datasets. While numerous exo- planet conferences take place each year, these mostly focus on observational results, their physical implications, and current or future instrument developments; the statistical as- pects of the papers presented, while important, are not usually central to the program. -
Suzanne Aigrain: Refereed Publications
Suzanne Aigrain: Refereed publications 1. Bayesian detection of planetary transits: A modified version of the Gregory-Loredo method for periodic signal detection, S. Aigrain & F. Favata, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 395, 625 (2002) 2. The photospheric abundances of active binaries - I: Detailed analysis of HD 113816 (IS Vir) and HD 119285 (V851 Cen), D. Katz, F. Favata, S. Aigrain & G. Micela, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 397, 747 (2003) 3. Detecting planetary transits in the presence of stellar variability: Optimal filtering and the use of colour information, S. Carpano, S. Aigrain & F. Favata, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 401, 743 (2003) 4. Characterising stellar micro-variability for planetary transit searches, S. Aigrain, F. Favata & G. Gilmore, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 414, 1139 (2004) 5. Practical planet prospecting, S. Aigrain & M. Irwin, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 350, 331 (2004) 6. Comparative blind test of five planetary transit detection algorithms on realistic synthetic light curves, C. Moutou, F. Pont, P. Barge, S. Aigrain, M. Auvergne, D. Blouin, R. Cautain, A. R. Erikson, V. Guis, P. Guterman, M. Irwin, A. F. Lanza, D. Queloz, H. Rauer, H. Voss & S. Zucker, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 437, 355 (2005) 7. The Monitor project: rotation of low mass stars in the open cluster M34, J. M. Irwin, S. Aigrain, S. T. Hogkin, M. J. Irwin, J. Bouvier, C. Clarke, L. Hebb & E. Moraux, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 370, 954 (2006) 8. The Monitor project: Searching for occultations in young open clusters, S. Aigrain, S. T. Hogkin, J. M. Irwin, L. Hebb, M. J. Irwin, F. Favata, E. Moraux & F. Pont, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 375, 29 (2007) 9. -
The Effects of Stellar Activity on Detecting and Characterising Exoplanets
The effects of stellar activity on detecting and characterising exoplanets Suzanne Aigrain R. Angus, J. Barstow, V. Rajpaul, E. Gillen, H. Parviainen, B. Pope, S. Roberts, A. McQuillan, N. Gibson, T. Mazeh, F. Pont, S. Zucker Timescales Solar irradiance (SoHO/VIRGO) Transits are easy to separate from Active regions photometric variations due to star spots … up to a point! Activity-induced variability is more problematic for: - transmission spectroscopy - radial velocity planet searches - phase curve studies Granulation Orbit Transits Oscillations (Aigrain, Favata & Gilmore 2004) Filtering activity to detect transits Iterative non-linear filter followed by least-squares box-shaped transit search (Aigrain & Irwin 2004) P ~ 20h, depth 0.0003, Rplanet ~ 2 REarth (CoRoT-7b, Leger et al. 2009) When does activity matter for transit searches? Transit SNR = sqrt(Ntransits) x depth / sigma(Ttransit) where: Intrinsic stellar variability on 6 hour time- - Ntransits is number of transits scales from Kepler (Gilliland et al. 2011) - Ttransit is duration of transit Activity means Kepler would have needed 7 rather than 4 years to reach SNR of 10 for Earth-like planets in the Sun habitable zone of Sun-like stars This can be addressed, at least partially, by modelling the activity-induced variations simultaneously with the transits Modelling stellar signals and instrumental systematics jointly using Gaussian Processes (GPs) Model activity as a quasi-periodic a Gaussian process. Example from K2 Campaign 7 Simultaneously model pointing-related systematics K2SC pipeline - Aigrain et al. 2016. Code and LCs available - talk to Hannu Parviainen First planet candidate catalog: Pope et al. (2016, on arXiv this week) Activity in transit spectra • In any kind of high precision transit studies, need to worry about spots (see e.g. -
Greeting Fellow Naturalists. As of This Writing, We Have Come Back To
Hawk Watch Team by John Wright Galveston Bay Area Chapter - Texas Master Naturalists June 2018 Table of Contents President’s Corner by George Kyame, President 2018 Wetland Wanderings 2 Prairie Ponderings 2 Greeting Fellow Naturalists. Dire Diseases in 3 As of this writing, we have come back to reality after an interesting spring. The mercury Deer, Part 2 finally hit 90, and won't be changing soon. Of course this means we must properly AT: iNaturalist 4 prepare for all of our outdoor stewardship. Please remember the big three: hydration, AT: Gems of the Gulf 5 sun protective clothing, and SPF 30 and above. A cooler beginning to 2018 was nice, although it was accompanied by a rather rainy season, which brings me to my next Heritage Book Study - 6 point. Review The Big Picture - 6 Ah, Beach and Bay. Last year's record attendance would be hard to beat even without Ocean Worlds and the wind and rain that was visited upon us! Impressive was the number of attendees Our World’s Oceans that did come out, and, with our dedicated volunteers, braved the elements! Alas, we Another Botany 8 shut down a little early, but not before our participants got some extra hands-on Question attention. Thank you all for the hard work. AT: The Big Thicket 8 The City Nature Challenge wrapped up 96 hours of species observation on April 30. So 2018 Class Fun and 10 how did the Houston Metro fare? In the Most Species category (my favorite), Houston Adventures placed 2nd. We were 1st last year. -
SPECULOOS Search for Habitable Planets Eclipsing Ultra-Cool Stars
SPECULOOS Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars M. Gillon ([email protected]), E. Jehin, L. Delrez, P. Magain, C. Opitom, S. Sohy Department of Astrophysics, Geophysics and Oceanography (AGO), University of Liège, Belgium Transiting planets: treasures in the sky TRAPPIST/UCDTS : the prototype Among the hundreds of planets detected outside our solar system, the ones No existing transit survey is optimized for detecting Earth-size planets transiting the that transit their parent star are genuine Rosetta Stones for the study of nearest ultra-cool stars. Extensive simulations show us that robotic 1m-class exoplanets, because they can be studied in greatest detail. Indeed, their orbital telescopes equipped with modern CCD cameras highly sensitive in near-IR, operating parameters, mass and radius can be precisely measured, and their atmosphere from an exquisite astronomical site, and monitoring individually nearby ultra-cool can be probed during and outside eclipses, bringing strong constraints on their stars, should be able to probe eficiently their habitable zone for terrestrial planets. actual nature (Winn 2010). Within the last two decades, more than three hundred transiting exoplanets have been detected. This large harvest includes many gas giants, but also a steeply growing fraction of terrestrial planets. In parallel to this galore of detections, many projects aiming to characterize giant exoplanets have been successful, bringing notably a Eirst glimpse at their atmospheric properties (Seager & Deming 2010). Fig. 3. Actual TRAPPIST/UCDTS light curves for three ultra-cool stars, aer injecBon of a fake transit of an habitable Earth-size planet. The best-fit transit models are overimposed in red.