Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Chapter 10 Fluid Power Pneumatics (gas) & Hydraulics (liquid)
Use the Textbook Pages 227 254 to help answer the questions Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Why You Learn So Well in Tech & Engineering Classes Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
1. Fluid power systems use the energy found in ______& ______to perform work.
Pg. 227
Liquids & Gases Liquids & Solids Solids & Gases Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
2. ______systems control & transmit energy Pneumatic through the use of oils & liquids similar to oils. Hydraulic Vacuum Pg. 228 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
3. ______systems control & transmit energy through Pg. 228 the use of gases from our atmosphere.
Pneumatic Hydraulic http://team358.org/files/pneumatic/5PCYL.gif Vacuum Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
4. The big advantage of fluid power is its ability to ______to generate strength.
Pg. 229
Multiply Torque Multiply Force Multiply Distance Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
5. Fluids (liquids & gases) will flow from an area of ______pressure to an area of ______pressure.
Pg. 230
More to Less High to Low Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
6. A pressure ______measures the difference in the pressure within a fluid circuit as compared to the surrounding atmospheric pressure. (14.7 psi at sea level) (GHS is 794 ft. above sea level)
Pg. 231
Gauge Wrench Valve Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
7. A ______is a device that measures the rate of flow in a fluid power system.
Pg. 231
Slow meter Flow meter Grow meter Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
8. Flow rate in a pneumatic system is expressed in Cubic Feet per Hour ______per ______(CFM). Cubic Feet per Second Cubic Feet per Minute
Pg. 231 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
9. Flow rate in a hydraulic system is expressed in ______per ______(GPM).
Gallons per Hour Gallons per Minute Gallons per Second
Pg. 231 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
10. ______is the measurement of a fluids’ resistance to flow or internal friction.
Pg. 232
Viscosity Velocity Volumetric Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
11. Hydraulic ______supply & transmit the pressure needed to operate a hydraulic power system.
Pg. 233
Pumps Motors Gauges Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
12. Pumps can be either ______displacement or __________displacement .
Pg. 234
Positive or NonPositive Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
13. Name the types of pumps pictured below. Pg. 236
Centrifugal
Gear Vane or Piston Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
14. The pump in a pneumatic system is the ______.
Air Compressor Air Depressor Air Regressor
Pg. 236 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
15. Compressors are often mounted on a tank or ______Reservoir that stores a large volume of air. Box Shed
Pg. 236 & 237 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
16. ______couplers fasten air hoses & pneumatic tools to the lines in a shop.
Slow Quick Handy Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
17. To prevent dirt & ______from entering a pneumatic system, the air is filtered & dried.
Moisture Air Gasoline Pg. 238 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
18. A variable ______restrictor can start or stop the flow of air Pg. 238 in a pneumatic system.
Flow Air Variable Flow Restrictor Gasoline Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
19. A pressure ______valve controls pressure coming from the compressor.
Pg. 239
Regulating Relief Restrictor Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
20. A pressure ______valve is placed in a pneumatic system to Pg. 239 limit the maximum pressure. (a.k.a. burpoff valve)
Regulating Relief Restrictor Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
21. Directional control valves are often called ______valves Spool because of the way they are constructed. School Stool Pg. 239 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
22. Actuators, like those below can be either ______ acting or ______ acting cylinders.
Single or Double
Pg. 244 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
23. Fluid ______are devices that convert fluid power into rotary motion. (Vanetype & Geartype)
Motors Pumps Gauges
Pg. 244 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Safety rules to follow when working with any fluid power system are:
* Always adjust pressurerelief valves to provide a safe OPERATING pressure.
* Always wear SAFETY glasses or a face shield to protect your eyes.
* Make necessary changes and adjustments to fluid circuits when they are NOT under pressure.
* Always respect the PRESSURE in fluid circuits & the SPEED at which cylinders can move.
Pg. 246 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
25. Boyle’s Laws remind us that liquids are not ______, but gases are.
Flammable Compressible Sensible
Pg. 246 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
70 PSI
324 PSI
8 Cubic Feet
2 Cubic Feet Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
26. Pascal’s Laws mathematically relate ______, ______, and ______in hydraulic circuits
Force, Pressure, Area Volts, Amps, Ohms Rate, Distance, Time
Pg. 248 Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
TOP CRISS 2 Column Notes
Main Ideas Supporting Details
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Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
TOP CRISS Highlight Your Study Guides Before Tests
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Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
TOP CRISS Read 3 Times
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Important Concepts, Definitions & Terms to Know
TOP CRISS Ask Yourself These Questions
Class Notes & Priority Items to Know for Tests Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Hydraulics: Use oil & other liquids to transmit force and to multiply force
• Pneumatics: Use compressed air, nitrogen, and other gases to transmit force and to multiply force
• Liquids & Gases both flow from high to low pressures
• A pressure gauge measures system pressure
• A flowmeter measures the rate of flow CFM or GPM
• Viscosity: Resistance of a liquid to flow (thickness) Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Pumps: Supply a volume of flow
• Restrictions: Cause the pressure
• The pump in a pneumatic system is the air compressor
• Reservoirs hold a volume of fluid in both hydraulic & pneumatic systems
• QuickConnect fittings are used in both pneumatic & hydraulic systems
• Air must be conditioned by filtering & drying it Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Always adjust pressurerelief valves to provide a safe operating pressure.
• Always wear safety glasses or a face shield to protect your eyes.
• Make necessary changes and adjustments to fluid circuits when they are not under pressure.
• Always respect the pressure in fluid circuits and respect the speed at which cylinders can move. Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Boyle’s Law
• Boyle's Law relates the volume and pressure of an ideal gas held at a constant temperature.
Robert Boyle (25 January 1627 – 30 December 1691) was an AngloIrish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, inventor, and early gentleman scientist, noted for his work in physics and chemistry. He is best known for the formulation of Boyle's law. Although his research and personal philosophy clearly has its roots in the alchemical tradition, he is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist, and therefore one of the founders of modern chemistry. He is very famous in the science world for being the first scientist that kept accurate experiment logs. Among his works, The Sceptical Chymist is seen as a cornerstone book in the field of chemistry. Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Pascal's Law states that if you apply pressure to fluids that are confined (or can't flow to anywhere), the fluids will then transmit (or send out) that same pressure in all directions at the same rate.
10,000# 40,000#
1000 PSI
10 Square Inches
40 Square Inches Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
• Pascal’s Law Pascal's Law states that if you apply pressure to fluids that are confined (or can't flow to anywhere), the fluids will then transmit (or send out) that same pressure in all directions at the same rate. • Blaise Pascal (pronounced [blez pɑskɑl]), (June 19, 1623 – August 19, 1662) was a French mathematician, physicist, and religious philosopher. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father. Pascal's earliest work was in the natural and applied sciences where he made important contributions to the construction of mechanical calculators, the study of fluids, and clarified the concepts of pressure and vacuum by generalizing the work of Evangelista Torricelli. Pascal also wrote powerfully in defense of the scientific method. • He was a mathematician of the first order. Pascal helped create two major new areas of research. He wrote a significant treatise on the subject of projective geometry at the age of sixteen and corresponded with Pierre de Fermat from 1654 and later on probability theory, strongly influencing the development of modern economics and social science. • Following a mystical experience in late 1654, he abandoned his scientific work and devoted himself to philosophy and theology. Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Output Force
Input Force
18 In 2 Piston Area
2 In 2 Piston Area 9:1 Mechanical Advantage Energy, Power & Transportation Technology
Automotive Brake System Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology Energy, Power & Transportation Technology