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Concentrating Solar Power: Energy from Mirrors
DOE/GO-102001-1147 FS 128 March 2001 Concentrating Solar Power: Energy from Mirrors Mirror mirror on the wall, what's the The southwestern United States is focus- greatest energy source of all? The sun. ing on concentrating solar energy because Enough energy from the sun falls on the it's one of the world's best areas for sun- Earth everyday to power our homes and light. The Southwest receives up to twice businesses for almost 30 years. Yet we've the sunlight as other regions in the coun- only just begun to tap its potential. You try. This abundance of solar energy makes may have heard about solar electric power concentrating solar power plants an attrac- to light homes or solar thermal power tive alternative to traditional power plants, used to heat water, but did you know there which burn polluting fossil fuels such as is such a thing as solar thermal-electric oil and coal. Fossil fuels also must be power? Electric utility companies are continually purchased and refined to use. using mirrors to concentrate heat from the sun to produce environmentally friendly Unlike traditional power plants, concen- electricity for cities, especially in the trating solar power systems provide an southwestern United States. environmentally benign source of energy, produce virtually no emissions, and con- Photo by Hugh Reilly, Sandia National Laboratories/PIX02186 Photo by Hugh Reilly, This concentrating solar power tower system — known as Solar Two — near Barstow, California, is the world’s largest central receiver plant. This document was produced for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), a DOE national laboratory. -
Solar Stills: a Comprehensive Review of Designs, Performance and 1 2 Material Advances 3 4 5 6 1 1 2 *3 7 Dsilva Winfred Rufus D , S
© 2016, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ *Manuscript Click here to view linked References Solar stills: A comprehensive review of designs, performance and 1 2 material advances 3 4 5 6 1 1 2 *3 7 Dsilva Winfred Rufus D , S. Iniyan , L. Suganthi and P. A. Davies 8 9 1-Institute for Energy Studies, Anna University, Chennai-600025, India 10 11 2-Anna University, Chennai-600025, India 12 13 3-Sustainable Environment Research Group, Engineering and Applied Science, Aston 14 University, Birmingham, UK, B4 7ET 15 16 * Corresponding author: [email protected] 17 18 Abstract 19 20 The demand for fresh water production is growing day by day with the increase in world 21 22 population and with industrial growth. Use of desalination technology is increasing to meet 23 this demand. Among desalination technologies, solar stills require low maintenance and are 24 readily affordable; however their productivity is limited. This paper aims to give a detailed 25 26 review about the various types of solar stills, covering passive and active designs, single- and 27 multi-effect types, and the various modifications for improved productivity including 28 29 reflectors, heat storage, fins, collectors, condensers, and mechanisms for enhancing heat and 30 mass transfer. Photovoltaic-thermal and greenhouse type solar stills are also covered. 31 Material advances in the area of phase change materials and nanocomposites are very 32 33 promising to enhance further performance; future research should be carried out in these and 34 other areas for the greater uptake of solar still technology. -
Abengoa Solar Develops and Applies Solar Energy Technologies in Order
Solar Abengoa Solar develops and applies solar energy technologies in order to combat climate change and ensure sustainability through the use of its own Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) and photovoltaic technologies. www.abengoasolar.com Solar International Presence Spain China U.S.A. Morocco Algeria 34 Activity Report 08 Solar Our business Abengoa is convinced that solar energy combines the characteristics needed to resolve, to a significant extent, our society’s need for clean and efficient energy sources. Each year, the sun casts down on the earth an amount of energy that surpasses the energy needs of our planet many times over, and there are proven commercial technologies available today with the capability of harnessing this energy in an efficient way. Abengoa Solar’s mission is to contribute to meeting an increasingly higher percentage of our society’s energy needs through solar- based energy. To this end, Abengoa Solar works with the two chief solar technologies in existence today. First, it employs Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) technology in capturing the direct radiation from the sun to generate steam and drive a conventional turbine or to use this energy directly in industrial processes, usually in major electrical power grid-connected plants. Secondly, Abengoa Solar works with photovoltaic technologies that employ the sun’s energy for direct electrical power generation, thanks to the use of materials based on the so-called photovoltaic effect. Abengoa Solar works with these technologies in four basic lines of activity. The first encompasses promotion, construction and operation of CSP plants, Abengoa Solar currently designs, builds and operates efficient and reliable central receiver systems (tower and heliostats) and storage or non-storage-equipped parabolic trough collectors, as well as customized industrial installations for producing heat and electricity. -
ANNUAL REPORT 2019-20 IIT Bombay Annual Report 2019-20 Content
IIT BOMBAY ANNUAL REPORT 2019-20 IIT BOMBAY ANNUAL REPORT 2019-20 Content 1) Director’s Report 05 2) Academic Programmes 07 3) Research and Development Activities 09 4) Outreach Programmes 26 5) Faculty Achievements and Recognitions 27 6) Student Activities 31 7) Placement 55 8) Society For Innovation And Entrepreneurship 69 9) IIT Bombay Research Park Foundation 71 10) International Relations 73 11) Alumni And Corporate Relations 84 12) Institute Events 90 13) Facilities 99 a) Infrastructure Development b) Central Library c) Computer Centre d) Centre For Distance Engineering Education Programme 14) Departments/ Centres/ Schools and Interdisciplinary Groups 107 15) Publications 140 16) Organization 141 17) Summary of Accounts 152 Director's Report By Prof. Subhasis Chaudhuri, Director, IIT Bombay Indian Institute of Technology Bombay acknowledged for their research contributions. (IIT Bombay) has a rich tradition of pursuing We have also been able to further our links with excellence and has continually re-invented international and national peer universities, itself in terms of academic programmes and enabling us to enhance research and educational research infrastructure. Students are exposed programmes at the Institute. to challenging, research-based academics and IIT Bombay continues to make forays into a host of sport, cultural and organizational newer territories pertinent to undergraduate activities on its vibrant campus. The presence and postgraduate education. At postgraduate of world-class research facilities, vigorous level, a specially designed MA+PhD dual institute-industry collaborations, international degree programme in Philosophy under the exchange programmes, interdisciplinary HSS department has been introduced. IDC, the research collaborations and industrial training Industrial Design Centre, celebrated 50 years opportunities help the students of IIT Bombay to of its golden existence earlier this year. -
K K Birla Goa Campus Semester I Notes 2019-20 Bitscan, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus 5 of Oulu, Finland, Dr
ISSUE 20 Semester - I notes 2019-20 bitscan K K Birla Goa Campus semester I notes 2019-20 bitscan, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus 1 23 research projects worth over Rs. 4 crores were from the sanctioned for various departments by government and non-government agencies during this semester. In addition to fulfilling teaching and research assign- ments, our faculty members were enthusiastically en- gaged in various initiatives including delivering invited editor lectures and conducting workshops at other institu- Dear Readers, tions, presenting papers on their latest research at na- We are pleased to present to you the 20thIssue of BITS- tional and international events, and visits to renowned CAN magazine, full of events and achievements of Indian and foreign institutions to establish and further our Campus community during the first semester of the collaboration.Many faculty members are appoint- academic year 2019-20.This semester too we hosted ed on editorial boards and to review reputed interna- several exciting events including conferences, semi- tional and national journals. nars, workshops, expert lectures, annual festivals, etc., which contributed in enriching the experience of our- This year too WAVES was held with much enthusiasm BITS community. and excitement. Jam packed sessions, workshops, main events and cultural performances were appreci- The academic year started with the mega event of the ated by the audience. Numerous competitions includ- year - CONVOCATION 2019. This year, 678 students ing on-stage and off-stage events gripped the partic- received their degrees, of which 14 were PhDs. Three ipants representing reputed institutions from across students from the Bachelor’s degree programs - Mr. -
Concentrating Solar Power Tower: Latest Status 3 Report and Survey of Development Trends
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 17 November 2017 doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0027.v2 1 Review 2 Concentrating Solar Power Tower: Latest Status 3 Report and Survey of Development Trends 4 Albert Boretti 1,*, Stefania Castelletto 2 and Sarim Al-Zubaidy 3 5 1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (MAE), Benjamin M. Statler College of 6 Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States, 7 [email protected]; [email protected] 8 2 School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; [email protected] 9 3 The University of Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago; [email protected] 10 * Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 11 Abstract: The paper examines design and operating data of current concentrated solar power (CSP) 12 solar tower (ST) plants. The study includes CSP with or without boost by combustion of natural gas 13 (NG), and with or without thermal energy storage (TES). The latest, actual specific costs per 14 installed capacity are very high, 6085 $/kW for Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System (ISEGS) 15 with no TES, and 9227 $/kW for Crescent Dunes with TES. The actual production of electricity is 16 very low and much less than the expected. The actual capacity factors are 22% for ISEGS, despite 17 combustion of a significant amount of NG largely exceeding the planned values, and 13% for 18 Crescent Dunes. The design values were 33% and 52%. The study then reviews the proposed 19 technology updates to produce better ratio of solar field power to electric power, better capacity 20 factor, better matching of production and demand, lower plant’s cost, improved reliability and 21 increased life span of plant’s components. -
Solar Power Tower Technology: Large Scale Storable & Dispatchable Solar Energy Michael Mcdowell Rocketdyne Program Manager
Solar Power Tower Technology: Large Scale Storable & Dispatchable Solar Energy Michael McDowell Rocketdyne Program Manager – Solar Power Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne Our Solar Vision HS SL&S Rocketdyne Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Opportunity October 10, 2005 Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne We Combine Rocket Science: 50 Years of Rocketdyne Engines 2 4 15 30 668 Astronauts Saturn Saturn Space Delta Delta Redstone Navaho Jupiter Thor Atlas I/1B V Shuttle I/II/III IV 85 11 46 380 576 19 13 113 305 3 Active Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne And,And, EnergyEnergy HeritageHeritage Fast Flux Nuclear Test Facility r ea l c SRE New Production Nu Clinch River Sodium Advanced Reactor Gen IV - Molten Salt / Breeder Fast Reactor Liquid Metal Systems Reactor r a Solar 1 Solar 2 Power Towers 10 MW 10 MW 15-100 MW Sol Solar Dish Engine Dynamic System 25 KW 25 kW Fossil Coal Combustion Gasification Methane Coal Gas & Hydrogen Technologies Pilot Plant Combustion Generation Technologies 1950’s 1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s 2000’s 2010’s North American Rockwell International Boeing UTC Atomics International Energy Systems Rocketdyne Propulsion & Power PWR Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne Solar Power Tower Technology: Large Scale Storable & Dispatchable Solar Energy Collect: • Sunlight concentrated on tower receiver • Molten salt heated to 1050F Store: • Large scale molten salt thermal storage Dispense: • Plant sizes 15 to 100+ MWe • Long-term electricity cost ~5 ¢/kWh Stand Alone ~3 ¢/kWh Hybrid • Dispatchable or 24 hour solar power Rocketdyne Focus – Solar • Plant capacity -
LCOE Analysis of Tower Concentrating Solar Power Plants Using Different Molten-Salts for Thermal Energy Storage in China
energies Article LCOE Analysis of Tower Concentrating Solar Power Plants Using Different Molten-Salts for Thermal Energy Storage in China Xiaoru Zhuang, Xinhai Xu * , Wenrui Liu and Wenfu Xu School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; [email protected] (X.Z.); [email protected] (W.L.); [email protected] (W.X.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 11 March 2019; Accepted: 8 April 2019; Published: 11 April 2019 Abstract: In recent years, the Chinese government has vigorously promoted the development of concentrating solar power (CSP) technology. For the commercialization of CSP technology, economically competitive costs of electricity generation is one of the major obstacles. However, studies of electricity generation cost analysis for CSP systems in China, particularly for the tower systems, are quite limited. This paper conducts an economic analysis by applying a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) model for 100 MW tower CSP plants in five locations in China with four different molten-salts for thermal energy storage (TES). The results show that it is inappropriate to build a tower CSP plant nearby Shenzhen and Shanghai. The solar salt (NaNO3-KNO3, 60-40 wt.%) has lower LCOE than the other three new molten-salts. In order to calculate the time when the grid parity would be reached, four scenarios for CSP development roadmap proposed by International Energy Agency (IEA) were considered in this study. It was found that the LCOE of tower CSP would reach the grid parity in the years of 2038–2041 in the case of no future penalties for the CO2 emissions. -
ADDRESS of Cpios/Pios of 23 Iits
ADDRESS OF CPIOs/PIOs OF 23 IITs 1. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302,West Bengal. 2. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076. 3. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016. 4. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur-208016 (UP). 5. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Madras, Chennai - 600 036. 6. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Guwahati – 781039 7. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Roorkee, Uttarakhand–247667. 8. The CPIO/PIO, IIT-BHU (Varanasi), Varanasi – 221005, Uttar Pradesh. 9. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Hyderabad, Ordnance Factory Estate, Yeddumailaram-502205, Andhra Pradesh 10. The CPIO/PIO, IIT-Jodhpur – 342011. 11. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar – 140001. Punjab 12. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Mandi, Kamand Campus, VPO Kamand, Distt. Mandi – 175005, Himachal Pradesh. 13. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore-453552. 14. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Patna, Bihta, Patna, Bihar, Pin- 801106. 15. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Pin – 382355. 16. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Bhubaneswar, Samantapuri, Bhubaneswar-751013 17. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Tirupati, Tirupati, CKS Dental College, Tirupati – Renigunta Road Near, Settipalli, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506 18. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Palakkad, Ahalia Campus, Palakkad, Kerala – 678557. 19. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Bhilai, Sejbahar, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492015. 20. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Dharwad, Dharwad, Karnataka, Pin-580011. 21. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Goa, at IIT Goa Engineering College Campus, Farmagudi, Ponda- 403401. 22. The CPIO/PIO, IIT Jammu, Temp. Campus, Opposite Janipur Police Station, Paloura, Jammu, Pin – 181121, J&K India. 23. The CPIO/PIO, IIT (ISM) Dhanbad Dhanbad, Jharkhand- 826004 . -
Physical Science Can I Believe My Eyes?
Student Edition I WST Physical Science Can I Believe My Eyes? Second Edition CAN I BELIEVE MY EYES? Light Waves, Their Role in Sight, and Interaction with Matter IQWST LEADERSHIP AND DEVELOPMENT TEAM Joseph S. Krajcik, Ph.D., Michigan State University Brian J. Reiser, Ph.D., Northwestern University LeeAnn M. Sutherland, Ph.D., University of Michigan David Fortus, Ph.D., Weizmann Institute of Science Unit Leaders Strand Leader: David Fortus, Ph.D., Weizmann Institute of Science David Grueber, Ph.D., Wayne State University Jeffrey Nordine, Ph.D., Trinity University Jeffrey Rozelle, Ph.D., Syracuse University Christina V. Schwarz, Ph.D., Michigan State University Dana Vedder Weiss, Weizmann Institute of Science Ayelet Weizman, Ph.D., Weizmann Institute of Science Unit Contributor LeeAnn M. Sutherland, Ph.D., University of Michigan Unit Pilot Teachers Dan Keith, Williamston, MI Kalonda Colson McDonald, Bates Academy, Detroit Public Schools, MI Christy Wonderly, Martin Middle School, MI Unit Reviewers Vincent Lunetta, Ph.D., Penn State University Sofia Kesidou, Ph.D., Project 2061, American Association for the Advancement of Science Investigating and Questioning Our World through Science and Technology (IQWST) CAN I BELIEVE MY EYES? Light Waves, Their Role in Sight, and Interaction with Matter Student Edition Physical Science 1 (PS1) PS1 Eyes SE 2.0.3 ISBN-13: 978- 1- 937846- 47 - 3 Physical Science 1 (PS1) Can I Believe My Eyes? Light Waves, Their Role in Sight, and Interaction with Matter ISBN- 13: 978- 1- 937846- 47- 3 Copyright © 2013 by SASC LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, by any means, without permission from the publisher. -
Potential Map for the Installation of Concentrated Solar Power Towers in Chile
energies Article Potential Map for the Installation of Concentrated Solar Power Towers in Chile Catalina Hernández 1,2, Rodrigo Barraza 1,*, Alejandro Saez 1, Mercedes Ibarra 2 and Danilo Estay 1 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, Santiago 8320000, Chile; [email protected] (C.H.); [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (D.E.) 2 Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation, General del Canto 421, of. 402, Providencia Santiago 7500588, Chile; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +56-22-303-7251 Received: 18 March 2020; Accepted: 23 April 2020; Published: 28 April 2020 Abstract: This study aims to build a potential map for the installation of a central receiver concentrated solar power plant in Chile under the terms of the average net present cost of electricity generation during its lifetime. This is also called the levelized cost of electricity, which is a function of electricity production, capital costs, operational costs and financial parameters. The electricity production, capital and operational costs were defined as a function of the location through the Chilean territory. Solar resources and atmospheric conditions for each site were determined. A 130 MWe concentrated solar power plant was modeled to estimate annual electricity production for each site. The capital and operational costs were identified as a function of location. The electricity supplied by the power plant was tested, quantifying the potential of the solar resources, as well as technical and economic variables. The results reveal areas with great potential for the development of large-scale central receiver concentrated solar power plants, therefore accomplishing a low levelized cost of energy. -
Atmospheric Water Generator
Atmospheric water generator An atmospheric water generator (AWG), is a device desiccants such as lithium chloride or lithium bromide that extracts water from humid ambient air. Water vapor to pull water from the air via hygroscopic processes.[2] in the air is condensed by cooling the air below its dew A proposed similar technique combines the use of solid point, exposing the air to desiccants, or pressurizing the desiccants, such as silica gel and zeolite, with pressure air. Unlike a dehumidifier, an AWG is designed to render condensation. the water potable. AWGs are useful where pure drinking water is difficult or impossible to obtain, because there is almost always a small amount of water in the air that 2.1 Cooling condensation can be extracted. The two primary techniques in use are cooling and desiccants. Condensor Evaporator Electrostatic Air Filter The extraction of atmospheric water may not be com- Warm Air Out pletely free of cost, because significant input of energy Fan Moist Air In Warm Air is required to drive some AWG processes. Certain tradi- Out tional AWG methods are completely passive, relying on Capillary Tube natural temperature differences, and requiring no exter- Water Line Water nal energy source. Research has also developed AWG Filters technologies to produce useful yields of water at a re- Compressor Pump Ozone Generator duced (but non-zero) energy cost. Refrigerant Flow 1 History Example of cooling-condensation process. In a cooling condensation type atmospheric water gener- The Incas were able to sustain their culture above the rain ator, a compressor circulates refrigerant through a con- line by collecting dew and channeling it to cisterns for denser and then an evaporator coil which cools the air later distribution.