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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0051236A1 Groves Et Al

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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0051236A1 Groves Et Al US 2007005 1236A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0051236A1 Groves et al. (43) Pub. Date: Mar. 8, 2007 (54) TRIGGER MECHANISM FOR FIREARMS Related U.S. Application Data WITH SELF-ILOADING ACTIONS (60) Provisional application No. 60/713,722, filed on Sep. (75) Inventors: G. Blaine Groves, Dundas (CA); E. 6, 2005. Charles Franklin, Kitchener (CA) Publication Classification Correspondence Address: BORDEN LADNER GERVAS LLP (51) Int. Cl. WORLD EXCHANGE PLAZA F4C 7700 (2006.01) 1OO QUEEN STREETSUTE 1100 (52) U.S. Cl. .............................. 89/142: 42/69.03; 89/140 OTTAWA, ON K1P 1J9 (CA) (57) ABSTRACT (73) Assignee: Colt Canada Corporation, Kitchener The trigger mechanism allows the firearm to operate in a (CA) closed-bolt mode during semi-automatic fire and in an open-bolt mode during automatic fire. The mode change occurs only after the first round is discharged after the (21) Appl. No.: 11/470,026 selector has been moved instead of when the selector switch is moved, thus avoiding undesirable mechanism noise or (22) Filed: Sep. 5, 2006 motion at the time of selecting the firing mode. Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 1 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 FIG.1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 3 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 4 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 5 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 FIG.6B Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 6 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 54 53 55 52 56 FG.9 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 7 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 62 11N (O 66 FIG. OA FIG.11 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 8 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 FG.12B 74 72 12-1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 9 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 FIG.14C FIG.14D Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 10 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 11 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 12 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 S& / Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 13 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 14 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 15 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 16 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 17 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 18 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 FIz-z-z-z, Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 19 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 8 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 20 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 21 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 22 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 8 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 23 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 Patent Application Publication Mar. 8, 2007 Sheet 24 of 24 US 2007/0051236A1 US 2007/005 1236 A1 Mar. 8, 2007 TRIGGER MECHANISM FOR FIREARMIS WITH open-bolt mode (when high heat conditions exist) to avoid SELF-ILOADING ACTIONS possible cook-offs. The mode change occurs when the first round is discharged after the selector has been moved REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION instead of when the selector Switch is moved, and thus there 0001. This is a formal application based on and claiming is no undesirable noise or motion as in the prior art. the benefit of United States provisional patent application BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS no. 60/713,722, filed Sep. 6, 2005. 0009. The invention will now be described in greater BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of a preferred embodiment of the trigger mechanism, in which: 0002 This invention relates to firearms and weapons in general and in particular to a trigger mechanism particularly 0010 FIG. 1 is a cut-open perspective view of relevant intended for firearms with self-loading actions. portions of a representative rifle embodying the trigger mechanism, with the rifle barrel, gas chamber, firing pin and 0003. Self-loading actions are those where the next round other typical components removed for clarity; loads after a round has been discharged, whether semi automatic or automatic. Once the firearm is cocked, the 0011 FIG. 2 is a generally corresponding cut-open side operator must only pull the trigger to fire a round and load view; the next available round from a magazine, belt or other 0012 FIG. 3 is a generally corresponding exploded per storage device. As long as there is ammunition available the spective view: firearm will be ready to fire the next time the operator pulls the trigger. 0013 FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the auto-sear; 0004 Self-loading firearms operate either in open-bolt or 0014 FIGS. 5A and 5B are opposite side perspective closed-bolt fashion. This refers to the position of the bolt and views of the hammer, carrier. The bolt houses the firing pin and locks together with 0.015 FIGS. 6A and 6B are lower and upper perspective the barrel during firing. It is responsible for holding the case views of the trigger, of the bullet in the chamber of the barrel and withstand the considerable pressure and recoil that occur. The carrier 0016 FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the disconnect; holds, guides and locks/unlocks the bolt from the barrel. It 0017 FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the disconnect in is the motion of the bolt and carrier, as a result of expanding combination with the trigger, gas from the fired bullet, that causes the firing mechanism to be reset and the next round to be loaded from the magazine 0018 FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the carrier sear; into the ready to fire position. 0.019 FIGS. 10A and 10B are upper and lower perspec 0005 Typically a closed-bolt rifle is more accurate than tive views of the auto-sear; an open-bolt rifle. The drawback of a closed-bolt rifle is the 0020 FIG. 11 is a cross-section showing the safety sear occurrence of “cook-off under extended heavy rates of fire. and carrier sear together; "Cook-off is the condition where the heat of the barrel and chamber of the rifle initiate the next loaded round without 0021 FIGS. 12A, 12B and 12C are various perspective the trigger being pulled. This is a dangerous condition where views of the auto-disconnect; the rifle may fire without the intent of the operator. An 0022 FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the selector; open-bolt rifle avoids this, and thus can operate at prolonged higher rates of fire. 0023 FIG. 14A is a side view of the selector, and FIGS. 14B-D are various cross-sectional views thereof; 0006. In the prior art, at least one mechanism allows the firearm to operate in a closed-bolt mode or open-bolt mode. 0024 FIG. 15 shows the primary components for closed However, while switching from open-bolt mode (automatic) bolt operation, and the home position of the closed-bolt to closed-bolt mode, there is a loud mechanical motion of operating cycle; the carrier to the closed-bolt position. This noise and motion 0.025 FIG. 16 shows Step 1 of the closed-bolt operating is considered undesirable from the operator's standpoint in cycle; terms of Sound signature while trying to maintain stealth, and potential Surprise/confusion over the motion of the 0026 FIG. 17 shows Step 2 of the closed-bolt operating carrier. cycle; 0027 FIG. 18 shows Step 3 of the closed-bolt operating SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION cycle; 0007. The invention provides a novel trigger mechanism 0028 FIG. 19 shows Step 4 of the closed-bolt operating incorporating unique fire control logic. “Logic' in this cycle; context refers to the behavior of the weapon depending on various conditions, or more specifically, the chain of events 0029 FIG. 20 shows Step 5 of the closed-bolt operating that comprise a full cycle of the weapon from pulled trigger cycle (the home position again); through to the home position. 0030 FIG. 21 shows Step 1 of the open-bolt operating cycle; 0008 One aspect of the invention is that it allows the firearm to operate in a closed-bolt mode during semi 0031 FIG. 22 shows Step 2 of the open-bolt operating automatic fire (when accuracy is desirable) and operate in an cycle; US 2007/005 1236 A1 Mar. 8, 2007 0032 FIG. 23 shows Step 3 of the open-bolt operating The carrier 5 contacts the surface 17 and rotates the auto cycle; sear forward (counter-clockwise when viewed from the left 0033 FIG. 24 shows Step 4 of the open-bolt operating side as in FIG. 2), disengaging it from the hammer. Until the cycle; auto-sear is so rotated by the carrier, the surface 18 sears with a notch in the hammer, blocking rotation of the ham 0034 FIG. 25 shows the selector moved from the auto C. matic mode (open-bolt operation) to the semi-automatic mode (closed-bolt operation), to begin the transition from Hammer open-bolt to closed-bolt; 0044 FIGS.5A and 5B show the hammer 7. The hammer rotates on a hammer pin 20 mounted in the receiver and so 0035 FIG. 26 shows the trigger depressed, initiating a that Surface 21 strikes the firing pin, transferring energy semi-automatic cycle from automatic mode; stored in the hammer spring 22 (see FIGS.
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