IDAREH 1147 15r n rested I yOU inte t Are ion abou informat more Nl\. eW \.iO the N UM AlUM't-' N SEtS RUCT\O CONST

muatratlniii a few of e hun· dreds tb of lIema at can be made th eon.truc- don .ets.with LIOMEL

will in! r' We short!Y . have ready o mation cancer mng these sensa . tionally cliHe nt construction sets. o These Ll �construction sets are f . far ad vance o the t mes ivets in i . R and rubber rIn� are employed in· f �- stead o. old.fashioned. nuts and bolts This means .q wcker assem· • - b y �d take apart Note the all �ummum tub.mg members. They - can be bolte d at cliHerent. angles and in an endless vanety of -" len,,�s.

Mall the cou n below we will .ea u withoutand r • cbarq8. detaUel°information as 800n 'as is ready. it

Editor. Model Bullder East 15 26th New York 10�tr;,''y• Please send me. ha q as OOD with r •• l a. d Inform o� on new full O:� th_ LlO�� TAl uminum C onstrucUon Sels. The telesc OPIC. principle a pplied Name ._.... �.�.HH .. H __._H._._H ..MH ._ _ _ 'M __ ..._.H' ____• to the 8 quaro tubln q members provides extrome flexibility. Address

The Lionel C orporation City 15 East 26th Street New York 10• N. Y. •

Volume No. 63 11,

______. , . .. . Gordon K. Zero Model Rita E. Maza Robert R. Lodato Sherman Edit.or A ssistant Editor Consulting Editor Circulation Manager - - . bu.ilder .

Well, what do you know? By a ratio of twenty·five to one the readers of MOllEL A FEED MILL 4 BUILDER have come through with a lop­ Presenting a feed mill big enough to do the job, but not so big sided vote in favor of II milrond picture that it will dwarf your layout with too many, too big grain silos. quiz. When it came to a show of hands, the "Nopes" in spite or some vigorous individu­ til waving couldn't match the breeze stirred up by the "Ayes." GRAND CENTRAL IN MINIATURE 7 The New York City with milling crowds awaiting their departure. the lingo of our 1arger railroads.

For advertising information, write to MODEL BUILDER, Room 1900, 15 East 26th Street, New York 10, New York

Published eiltht times a year-January, February, March, April. September, October, November, December-by The Lionel Corporation, IS East 26th Street, New York 10, Y. Enttred as second class matter, February 19, 1942, at the post office at New York, N. Y., UDder the act of March .1, ,879. Entire contents Copyrilthted, 1947 The N.Lionel Corporation. Price ISC a copy. Subscription price a year in the United States and possessions; per year elsewhere. Display advertising rates upon byaJlplica· lion. Contributors are especially advised to be sure to retain$1.00 copies of their contributions, otherwise they arc$1.50 taking an unnecessary risk. Every possible effort will be made in our organiution to return unavailable manuscripts. photographs and drawings (if accompanied by postage), but we will not he responsible for allY loss of such matter .contributed. It will be assumed that unless otherwise specifically stated, all photographs and other material submitted arc offered for reproduction without compensation. Printed in the S. A. U. •

Fee

• I This plant is just the size for your layout and you can find the right spot for it.

By Frank C. Ellison NE is not apt to think of a small Wall cornices are small picture frame mouldings. A smokestack is fastened behind the back wall. food factory or a feed mill when than a large terminal elevator-one of would dwarf every other structure in choosing a structure to represent the those towering concrete cylinders that the landscape and reduce the scope of Ograin business on a 'model railroad, yet pierce the sky like some Brobdingnagian our railroad to that of a switching yard. it is as typical and much more suitable pipe organ. Such an imposing edifice A model railroad, if it imitates the work of a real railroad, will be the dray­ man for a dozen or more different kinds of industries, but the structures must be small so that they fit into their rela­ tive importance and play their own minor role in the scene. They must be in character, too. Near­ ly every group of business structures has architectural or industrial character­ istics that identify it with a specific industry without the aid of explanatory signs. We have no difficulty in recogniz­ ing a foundry, sawmill, coal tipple, fac­ tory, refinery, or slaughterhouse. We just as easily identify a flour mill, brewery, country elevator, distillery,

food manufactory, coffee 01' rice mill as parts of the grain business. Our model of a small feed mill, then, fits into this category. It is nd spectacu­ lar construction monopolizing the spot-

Blanked out walls form :l box 42' high (scale). wide. and 32%' deep. Use a ply illus­ 45'tration board for gauge, a 12 ply16 board for and gauges,0 brace corners with wood. 00 ao 4 MODEL BUILDER • I I I I • • !II • I I I I I •

After cementing reinforcing sticks, cement small square sticks ncar all waU openings that show, In planning. exercise care in vertical measure. in order to give wall thickness. Notice pieces cemented around large shipping doors at the haltom ments. Fi.·st floor is 3' above gronnd level. of the building. All windows should be drawn and cut with a very sharp knire before applying wood. large door openings Fignre 12' for distances between floors, and Windows 3' x 5', smull elevator windows 2' x 21;2', urc 10' wide, high. if you wish, allow an extra few feet at roof. nre nre 9' light of attention, but it fits snugly into its niche as one of a half score of indus­ tries in a country town the railroad serves. It occupies no more space than an apple box-much less-yet it appears to be large enough to justify a way freight stopping there occasionally to set out a box car-load of grain on its spur track. Indeed, use and character are the only criteria we should recognize for our h'ackside structures. Any construction that proclaims the character of its busi­ ness and performs a useful railroad func­ tion is justification enough for building it-for it enhances the value of your rail­ road as much as the tracks you lay down. A city, a town, a church, a fire­ house, homes, shops and the like can be relegated to profiles and background paintings from where they will work adequately enough as atmosphere. This particular feed mill was intended to be flanked by the Ropo Cigar Fac­ EI tory that was described a few issues Overi.HlIIging bay upper right·hand COrner or waU is wide, high, projects 3¥2'from wall. in 15' 9' back. It need not be used in this way, Fold three walls around a thin wood cement 2' x 10' joists under Fil a gabled roof 01' over the structure and allacb the unil to£1001', the front wall as shown. Dct;liling£1001'. such as lhe joists adds it can be joined to other higher lower much time to huilding, but pllys huge dividends when building is finally assembled nnd in "bee. buildings just as you choose. However,01' Lny you may find it convenient to locate it removen sliff and piece draw of window Bristol sashbonrdSash against projects inner into surface openings of wall 1 /32"and traceon top outlines and sides of windows, and 3/32" then as it was originally planned, and if you . at wiII consult your back issues, you'll see lhe bottom (halve lh.isror the smaUer gauges). Lay card over a smooth grained plank or another exactly how it is done. piece of cardboard and cut with a keen knife using a metal straightedge as a guide for instrument. You can use this model feed mill with­ out alterations as a flour, coffee, rice, soy bean, or grain mill to represent the teeming agriculture your railroad serves.

MARCH, 1947 5 Blower long. chambersBottom of and chambers pipes are are made filed fromand sandedshort bits in aof taperdowel. to Chambersfit a pipe. are 2'Ventilating 3" in diameter hoods and at stripsRoof isof a woodrectangle underneath. of cardboard It rests stiffened on woodwith 6' of chambers are imitated with large-headed upholstery tacks. Cement9" pipes to the chambers in on tops of walls. Ventilators are two pieces of lOpS IIny desired pattern, but try to avoid being too regular, as variations nre a source of interest. dowel, upper portion diam .• lower part 21h'. 4' The easiest and quickest way to build it The structure represents brick walls is to draw the four walls and window which have been painted maroon some and door openings on a sheet of heavy years and which now carry the dirt and illustration board and cut them out with stains of the years. Weathering has a very sharp knife. It is a job of an peeled the paint off in spots exposing hour or two. All the rest of the project the brick and their yellowed mortar is but a matter of painting and adding joints. You can buy a tube of maroon theSbed details.r:oofis wide, sUl1lJorted by small wires andartists' reinforced oil paint by stickand concealeddo the jobunder easily. roof. Bits of dowel51/2' are cemented above and below to simulate blow pipes running through holes in shed roo£. Wrap bit of aluminum paper around dowel 10 imitate rolled·up door; use chain at ends. •

L

Grand

A terminal that will fit any model layout and solve some tough problems for you, too.

By Bradfard Van Ness HE NAME of Grand Central Station brings to minds an enormous Tstructure of steelQUI' and stone housing a maze of intricate tt'ackwork and of count­ less multitudes of people. The question is, how can all this be reduced to a point where it can be incorporated into a model layout? It is necessary to condense everything into a very small area and yet retain a semblance of the activities of a large terminal. But why would any­ one want to build a model terminal? There are many reasons. First, all railroads, regardless of their size, mllst start somewhere and end somewhere. Second, a terminal layout offers a more varied type of operation than is possible Thiswith trackone ofplan the is "Ioop-the-Ioop"not so extensive or or complex Upret_ as 1 he real Grand Central, but it follows in theory and in the overall plan and layout.it

MARCH, 1947 7 •

PlATFOQM

TRACK LEVEL FLOOR2� CONCOURSE w: FlOOQ zein variety. Surely, a layout that en­ GII.OUND LEVE.L A-ELEVATED APPROACH ables countless different movements in TVPE TRACKS AI ABOVE oROU�O the making and breaking of trains is far . more interesting than one that has the R SED effect of a dog chasing its own taiL Third, it supplies a place in which to STATION AmNGEMENT store spare equipment. FOR ER T DIFf E� TYPES But, the old problem of space still is OF AC APPROACHES 2NO FLOOR with us. Fortunately for the model rail­ TR K roader, there are a number of space­ FLOOR CONCOURIE saving tricks at Ollr disposal; namely, 1ST we can roll the storage yard and the fiGURE 5 terminal tracks into one, and we can, if necessary, use a double crossover like the one shown in Figures 1 and These two PLATFORM • 2. Y, layouts are more or less identical'except AND TRACK LEVEL for the position of one switch. This is GROUND � due to the fact that the gauge TYPE B - GROUNO LEVEL APPROACH "F" switches have reversible switch"0" machines TRACKS LAID ON GROUND (in other words. the switch machine can be mounted on either side of the switch), while those of the variety are "0-27" TYPE C-SUBTERRANEAN APPROACH rigidly mounted. The loop serves two 1"' FLOOR purposes for model railroaders j list as TRAm BELOW uROUND LEVEL it does in Grand Central Terminal; it NO STREET ES(AWORS OR ELEVATORI NHOEO permits trains to be run through the LEVEL I" FLOOR CONCOURIE terminal without changing or reversing GROUND locomotives, and it eliminates the neces­ sity of building a turntable. " The double crossover at the throat PlATFORM allows access to all the terminal tracks 7 from either main line track. The whole terminal arrangement is actually the Figure is in a different location, III freight yard or some other industry. same as Grand Central (except that the must also2 handle terminating trains. Once the track layout has been deter­ tracks are on only one level), only small­ Of course, if the layouts shown in mined, a station building has to be con­ er. The three platforms each have sepa­ Figures 1 and do not properly fit your structed, the details of which will vary rate functions. In the case of Figure 1, 2 according to the track arrangement, and Platform I is only for baggage and ex­ available space, it will be necessary to also the position the tracks occupy as press; Platform II for trains originating design one of your own. Just juggle the they enter the station (elevated, surface, or terminating at the station; and Plat­ switches and track around until a suit­ or subway. see Figure 5). The station form III for through trains that go able layout is formed with the least shown in Figures 3 and 4 is designed to around the loop_ All three are connected amount of waste space. fit the layout of Figure 1. It contains by freight elevators to the baggage and The tracks labeled and "Y" may most of the features of large stations express rooms. Since Platform II in lead to engine yards,"X" storage yards, found in the United States. The choice of construction materials will be one of your own preference. The most common is artist's board braced with suitable sticks of wood. A good source of this material is a school art FIlEIGHTIIllil department, because they usually have El O EVAT IlS many old posters cluttering up their /PlATfO�M F�EIGHT ElEVATO S omC[ rooms. It has one serious disadvantage /� /X1 MW 1; � ,� IX -it is apt to warp, especially upon the SAGGAGE - application of paint. A good method of I- FIGURE 3 �OOIA RAMP preventing sllch a disaster is to give the RAMP LADIE GENEUL ARRANGEMENT OF A r- TICKET Mill cardboard a coat of shellac after all the S STATION FOR USE WITH OFFICE I!l I!l. ROOM � ' illill. various holes have been cut in it so as LAYOUT SHOWN IN flG.1 PLAT. PLA gQl!hI. to form a moisture-proof surface. After T the shellac has dried, any type of oil m .!l - ______•.. _ paint may be applied. 1-�. L- f- All windows, doors, etc., are made be­ ESCALATOR TO UPPER FlOO�1 . � RESTAUiANT OR WAITING ROOM fore the sides are assembled. If cello­ CONCOURSE phane is used for window glass, be sure it is glued securely all around the open­ ElCAlATORS TO mEET WALL MAY BE OMITTED TO ing; then dampen it with a wet cloth. THIS jHOW ,,UNION- NlWS Don't be too horrified at the result; it ��:�1 ..... I�TEQIQRQE ,nAIIQr4 L will stretch and crinkle when it is wet.

8 MODEL BUILDER � :>­ � (") x ( . FIGURE I : --- :...... ? :7J?�PI I :: � ...::...... , .... - (I SEC. "0"-27" --- ... � PLATfORM �I- ST TRACK) � " ... �I :-;: ...., 'C"lNDICATES CUT SECTION ��� ' "'\\', '\"

--- \\' - --J ,-,\'1\ - -='-==-'1 " .:==:.-.:.: ::.- - ,-- I 4!. I"

PLATFOQM 1,1 II , I MAIN LlN�

'- /1, -1--:------R :: � - - -: /.��' DOUBLE CROSSOVE -tL� : . PLATFORM ill �=====:.::.�-:-�J; /;/ //" 'f/

y  < I ") t�?3-�'/ .1.r- TERMINAL ...j s21- ���==�

x ------1- - < ...... Z ' �,��" FIGURE "':: PI ATFOQM I '"' (I ST. SEC.-O" TRACK) U"/r r ',*, C'J 'C INDICATES CUT SECTIONS ELEVATO'�. 0 1 ;:!... �. ���; OJ ;j �Lr ---� 1l !:: PLATFOI2M \�:�\:� '" IT : \ � ."w� I \\ C ;:! f���d ( m ���������� " I :2; I" '" MAIN LINE � j I I I �..

-- --,--- � - �==F:::'::'l·" /11/�I DOUBLE CROSSOVER ��������E����� I I x.-"/ � ����� nl ATt:'nnlA m , /,,,,< '" I V K IVI ,U.1 � 0 -.../ ,.. L. H 1 c�l _ "" / __ :....-- y �t:==��;�����������$������-,--- ��f::-:?:::-:�:TION

•

neighborhood "rails. JJ It can be seen from Figure 1 that a double crossover (L-l) is about half as long as the two single crossovers that would normally be used (L), and this ' ' effect is achieved merely by placing one 1------1 6 3 ------l on top of the other. In the case of "0" 4 gauge switches, either the electric or manual types may be used, since their motor boxes may be installed on either side of the switch. But in "0-27" gauge, the motor boxes will project out too far, so they cannot be used; only manual switches will fit. If it is desired to 5" operate these manual switches electrical­ ly, the movable section of track must be L I----=::::::::.--I---I-�--====--___I IS" " FIG. 2 0 c UJJ \.W FI·2rrID1 ::--.... �......

::-.....

� ::-..... I'm I'm FIGURE 4 I 1 SERIES WIRING OF , C ,,0 bJJmJC 0 SWITCH MACHINES '4 l\\1-�WOOO BEAMS

TOP Of STATlO� ILLUMINATING LA IF • 'l!!E fLOO�

____ _ � __ 1..5_ 9� ����D_::>t.

" 3" BEAM < 8

. FIGURE 4 RAMP (ROSS SECTION OF STATION (FIG3) SHAfT SHAFT SHOWING CONSTRULTION OF BUILDING SHAFT SHAFT � ARRANGEMENT OF CONCOURSE DETAILS TRACK I TRACK,) TRACK TRACK PLATfORM ill HACK 1 PL�TFOQM II 4 PLATFORM I 5

At right, the hexagonal block of wood serves to carry the wheels and flanges, while a copper plate carries ground current. Below is a comparison of the amount of spnce taken up by two crossovers and by a double c['oSSQver with a crossing.

I------l

-'

FIGURE 3 C�OIIING DEHll fUll llIE ··0·· rO·lr GAUG' disconnected from the control lever (the little gadget with the red and green disks). Then, for each switch, purchase a switch machine, available at hobby stores at $1.25 and up. Locate the point on the movable section of the switch (usually made of black plastic) where it moves exactly as much as the portion of the switch machine to where it will be connected. The machines may be mount­ ed alongside the switches by installing a new connecting arm from the switch to the machine, or underneath the table by drilling a hole in the table top and running a long bolt through it. fastening one end to the movable section of the switch at the point mentioned and the (Continued on Page 33)

A suggested stalion buiJdjng for a Grand Cen­ tral Terminal in minitlture. A plan such as this permits tracks 011 table level� or above or below with consequent flexibility in planning.

MARCH, 1947 11 • • RaiLRoaD By John ,Mu5hacke

President, Jackson Thomas Railroad HE Jackson Thomas Railroad started like most model railroads-with a set Tof electric trains at Christmas time. Originally, it was a single loop of track under the Christmas tree with a paper mountain and small cardboard houses, and this is the way it was for years. The family would start to build the layout a few weeks before Christmas, have it finished by Christmas; and then a few weeks after, we'd take it down again. I soon got tired of the "put it up, take down" affair and decided to have a permanent layout. About foul' years ago, permission was given fot' the use of part of the cellar, and then things really started to happen. With the help of my brothel', Thomas (we call him Spike), a table 25' long by 6' wide was built on one side of the cellar. The tracks were mounteJlon the table in a long, narrow oval shape with A scenic view or the J. T. territory. the town a reverse loop at both ends. "0" gau�e of Hillside in the foreground. and lhe engine readymade track is used. partly to find terminal at Jamaica at left. The layout con· out how close to scale one can get with tinues to the lert of the I}iclilre at the rear and tinplate equipment. takes up most of the olher side of the cellar. The scenery was built little by little until it was as near scale as it could be. A mountain was made of paper coated the mountain was sprayed with brown with Craftex and supported by a few and green water colors to give it a dowel sticks. After the coating hardened, (Continued on Paye 34)

The "Cannon Ball", fastest train in the T. fleet, steams into the station A car loaded in the Valley Stream Freight Yard. Tb careful use of J. is � at Rocky Point. Pictures were taken by the author who gets just as much scnle tbroughout the J. T. Jines can he a tip for many an older rail· iun from staging and Inking pictures 3S from operating tbe railroad. roader. Notice the action of the man, as well as his and the truck's size.

12 MODEL BUILDER The big hook is trundled out for an emergency call which occurred when a stock car derailed, (for A detail of the engine yurd shows cureful use the T. has its wrecks, too). Careful staging has created a very lifelike illusion on photographs. of detail to lend authenUcity to the railroad. J. all

Thesegive the well·scaled men in trucksthis picture provide . the for real·life some goodaction platform of the loadingactivity and ThePoint station is on theat Rockyelevated Point section is theof thedivision )ayonl, point is·about for thehalfway road. between Rocky unloading on these trucks what has been delivered from the rail yards.nnel Ozone Park and Valley Stream. Note effectiveness of eyelevel camera.

The author, President of the T., pictured at the The President of the T. (irreverently called "Spike") operates the hig hook in an undercontrols. four The years, brothers now haveplan built toJ. rebuild their road one indivision. a )iule emergency.in addition,Vice The the layoutPresident itseH is1. is ready evidence to testify that thethat brothers the V. getP. isalong good well at onthe theengine hobby throttle. road;

MARCH, 1947 13. An industrial section will provide plenty of switching action on your model pike. line while on the other side a single pass­ should be placed. Some industries that By L. A. Bartholomew ing track has several short sidings run­ might be included are a brick-making ning off into wedge-shaped ground. plant, a coal yard, a fruit-packing plant, IG or little club or solo, all model The barren track arrangement would plant, a cola yard, a fruit-packing plant, railroads have the same basic prob­ look much like a laddet track in a rolling a lumber yard, gravel handling plant, lem:B Space! stock storage yard, except that the par­ tile works and a telephone cable ware­ in whatever sort of railroading you allel tracks are further apart in order house. These industries will require enter80 (unless it is the unlimited, free­ to allow space fOl' buildings between. varied cars since the brick-making plant for-all, no-holds-barred, armchair rail­ The operation does entail the use of can use box cars or gondolas for ship­ roading) you'll find that space will be several switches, but these are nor­ ments, and box cars and covered hopper your problem today, tomorrow and the mally needed for industrial operations, cars for deliveries of clay, and open next day. That is why, having spotted and the number can be reduced by hopper cars for coal. a nifty piece of tl'ackwork that solves a process of elimination if necessary. The others would also use varied cars. many problems on a big layout but The use of odd-length sections of track­ The flour mill would use box cars for which could just as easily solve them on easily produced with a fine hack saw deliveries and shipments of flour and a small one, this descriptive article was or jeweler's saw-will make the work hopper cars for fuel or, perhaps, tank written. Mostly the article will tell you neater by far, and either bumpers or cars if they should use oil furnaces. of track arrangements and the locations piles of timber can be used at the ends Gondolas and hopper cars would service of plants and manufactories, with little of the track. the coal yard, while the lumber yard detailed description of the buildings As used by the Centinela Valley Rail­ would use flat cars in addition to these. themselves. Many of these have been road Club, it is a very compact plan and Finished tile would be hauled out on flat described in other articles, and if you holds a tremendous lot of wayside struc­ cars, gondolas or in box cars, while the are getting to be an expert in these hIres for so small a space. At the time telephone cable warehouse would receive things, you'llwant to introduce your own the photos shown were taken the track­ its shipments on flat cars and in box ideas or model a prototype in any case. age was used for locomotive storage since cars and would ship the same way. Down in Hawthorne, California, the the club has a lot of motive power. The You may, of cot! rse, vary these plants Centinela Valley Railroad Club has a arrangement of passing track and sid­ to fit your own needs, and if you have a very pretty section of their layout where, ings permitted a great deal of maneuver­ number of tank cars, by all means make entering the yards of a charming town ability without tying up the main line yourself a bulk storage plant to handle called Thornwood, the tracks fan out traffic, and on the Centinela system traf­ oil, and substitute it for one of the above from the portals of a tunnel into four fic is really heavy_ items. You may omit one or more if space passing tracks on one side of the main On each of the short sidings a factory and trackage demand, or you may group

These sidetrack industries will fit in an out-of-the-way spot, and while they require some switches, the number can be adjusted to lit your supply_ Later, extensions be in order; and there will he few places where switches will give more fun their use, for here cars are loaded and unloaded. will in 14 MODEL BUILDER them so that one spur will serve more Il1duslrial sidings such this are the lifeblood of any rai1road, for here it is that the switching 3S than one industry. and shunling of cars can 3 train and crew of your peddler freight for any number of hours. Perhaps, the best thing about this ar­ OCCUl}Y rangement is that with all this variety small detached office or scale house (here can then become a handling plant only. of rolling stock to be spotted and pulled the word "scale" means a weighing de­ The telephone supply warehouse should out, a great deal of switching will be vice), an open yard in which there are be a long narrow building with a flat involved. It will tax your ingenuity to piles of coal, some open bins, a small roof and a loading platform on two sides make up your train so that a minimum open shed with a lean-to roof. The open to serve both trucks and tracks. Thus, number of moves are made as your ped­ shed should have coal bins inside it. the railroad can deliver, and the trucks dler freight trundles into the siding to The fruit-packing plant should be sim­ can haul most of the material-to the pick up loaded cars and empties at one ply constructed, rectangular, and it may job. The building can be made two stor­ siding and to drop loaded cars and have a flat roof. Loading platforms ies if you like, and in that case, it can empties at another. The problem is the should be attached, and if you wish, a overhang both or one of the loading plat­ same on a real railroad, of course, and water tank may be placed on the top. The forms. In the yard are several reels of real roads, too, have to do considerable lumber yard should have a small office, heavy cable, for this material is neces­ thinking to effect a series of operations but should have a large shed for lumber sarily weather proof. in the least possible number of moves. storage, and a little ingenuity and a look In making up your peddler freight, The brick-making plant may be repre­ at your local dealer's arrangement will don't forget to deliver and pick up emp­ sented by a peaked roof building with give you plenty of ideas. ties as well as loaded cars. A box car an open yard adjacent to it and with The gravel handling plant consists of with the doors open is empty, while one a board fence around the building yard. a small office building, a yard with three with the doors closed is full. There is no You can make a kiln by rounding off a or four gravel bunkers in it, the whole need of making extra work by loading to 4" piece of wood and attaching to be enclosed with a wire fence. and unloading model box cars. brick3" paper or by scribing and painting. The tile works, too, will have three or In the case of gondolas and flat cars, Each kiln should have a stack of '12" four tall brick chimneys resting on rnake­ you may wish to provide loads. Coal and dowel, and this should be about five believe kilns. These kilns will be slightly clay cars may have a block of wood with inches tall and covered with brick paper. different in size from the brick kilns, a modelled and painted top that goes in The flour mill should be taller, with a preferably somewhat smaller. You may or out to indicate the load. After the car broken-up peaked roof, and with several want to omit one set of kilns, and in that is spotted, the load can be removed. A grain silos or round storage bins at­ case it would be best to omit those in reefer can be loaded or empty simply by tacbed. The coal yard should consist of a connection with the brick yard, for it the position of its hatches. If the hatches

MARCH, 1947 15 are open, the car is empty, while if they are closed, there is a chilled load aboard. The lumber yard cars can easily be �made with removable loads that are so designed that they may be stored in the lumber sheds when not in use. These

may be as f simple or as elaborate as you like. A block of wood which has been scribed will do, but it is suggested that the loads be made out of individual pieces glued together with stakes and binding cross pieces. It takes considerable time and patience to make up a carload of scale-sized lumber, but the results will repay the builder in satisfaction for a task well done. The writer has seen a scale load of lumber made of over a thousand individual pieces, and much of its truly startling effect was gained by some ends projecting further than others. Tile on flat cars or gondolas can be made of pieces of fibre or bakelite tube that has been cut into small lengths. These can be glued together to facilitate their handling. Perhaps it seems that there is a great deal of emphasis on freight operations I in this and many other articles. That is no accident, of course, and it comes about for these reasons. No matter what the size of your lay­ out, even though it is larger than most, there will still be times when freight activities can play a more important role than merely enabling you to make a cer­ tain number of moves with various cars. is a passenger train leaving that station. "" If they could follow the train around all -;z. oJ' - of your trackage, it would probably be 0.9 only a moment or two before it returned, -' even on a large pike. What can be done :z about that and what about the freight? - What can be done is this: As the pas­ -;;.. oJ' oJ' senger train or fast freight leaves the .d. station it shortly passes onto a track on .:{ which it is concealed from view by build­ p. ings, hills, or even a tunnel. There it can :z be kept sitting for as many minutes as you can divert the spectatoes eyes and mind, and that is where the freight comes. As the passenger train leaves the sta­ tion, a poky little freight train with six or seven cars trundles into the station PLAN and goes right through. But it doesn't disappear! The peddler freight switches into the jor industrial siding area and for thirty LOCATION minutes or more, you can entertain your oll-lookers (and, incidentally, yourself) with a running commentary on exactly what is being produced at the various oj plants, and how Factory A requires six SIDE TRACK empties a week now although during the war it sometimes filled as many as INDUSTQIES twenty, and so on long into the night. After the onlookers are vitally inter­ ested in this operation, a flip of the wrist will start your passenger train across another part of the layout, and shortly it will come whistling its way into the station, ready to discharge pas­ sengers from a long arduous trip.

16 MODEL BUILDER NG Step-by-Step It's not sleight - of - hand, but these track changes are nearly as fast and as easy.

By Warren F. Morgan HE POCKETBOOK is still one o most formidable limitations on m�f Trailroaders. And until somebody invents1rel a plastic pocketbook comPle e w· two- way stretch, that limit of urts at all times, but quitetiiJ!:: much as in the matter a �itches. On the one hand, no hot �del railroader ever missed an opportunity for more switches with the added opportunities for train shifting; hil the other hand, most

P e roll out simply-space and p 7 tbooi#! , it.a tions see to that. "e answer, of course, lies in plan­

t for planning is a horse of a differ­ e' COIOl' (iron horse, that is). On paper the imagination can ride high, wide and handso Even space and track limita­ ns se. less important as the com- tiP ation d possibilities untwist them- '\tnelves frl the dusty recesses of the amind and flow from a pencil point. It's remarkable. It's great sport, and some for despite last minute changes, prepara­ By comparing tile tOll and bottom of the b lans have come from the tion in today's project makes another pictures, you can see the begin­ "sonny" a father and son part- day's improvements more pleasurable. ning and end of the re-routing f process. Starting with the layout nership in by. The Peepsight Division of the Morgan at the bottom, and using the The outea of railrOading, Lines started with a single track main plans originally made in crayon, a full re·routing was possible however, Sneed not be 1 oodling but line. It was a circle around the room, can consist of definite:t p ts for the but it followed the path of the paper with little time and less trouble. future. That sort of planning ays off, pattern, and it left provision in ce- - � - . -� -- - - - MARCH, 1947 ' o� . 17 First step ill the remaking of the layout was the removal or onc switch With the £irSL step completed, snow is replaced, and buildings are pul nnd its placement neur the t01' right or the picture. A Ilew crossing back in place. The diagram at the top of the next page shows the track Wn� introduced at center where a short section had previously been placed sections used, however, the diagram has one extra straight section placed for just that purpose. A few moments work with the paint brush next to tbe short center. By com1'aring the pictllres :m d the diagrams. removed the snow, and the whole process took less than fHty minutes. you wiHhe able to determine the processes by which changes occurred. ment size and arrangement of tracks for future switches, routes and sidings. In the picture on Page 17, you can see the crayon plans for the future scribed on the boards of Hobby Haven Yard. In the original plan, the first pair of switches permitted a pair of sidings that lay in the path of a future passing sid­ ing and a long double tracked stretch. The acquisition of additional track per­ mitted joining the sidings. Another pair of switches and another parcel of track permitted an outside, wide radius track to swing around and under the main line and the passing siding of the Peep sight Route to the lower level of a future two-level station, provision for much car and engine storage, and a future run around the entire basement via the old division of the Morgan Lines. Trains moved from the completion time of the first circle, and each added stretch of track permitted more trains to be moved at one time. But skeleton operation on the bare boards of the un­ dressed train tables and open roadbeds was not desirable or necessary. Tem­ porary scenic effects could be added where plans for the future indicated change, and permanent scenery could be added at will where no change in track­ work was contemplated. In an around-the-room layout, where but one phase of a layout is faced at one time, decoration can take place one section at a time. In an island layout, or in any set-up wholly visible at a glance, one unfinished section can spoil the effect of an entire model railroad. Panoramic effect-as if a giant were looking down on a scene below-depends upon an over-all view. On the Peepsight Division it was de­ cided to place scenery in Hobby Haven • Yard first, despite the fact that change might occur there at any time, depend-

(Continued on Page 34)

18 MODEL BUILDER SHORT SECTIO

The picture at the left shows steps and 3 in the diagram at the right. 2Introducing the two newly acquired switches in conjunction with the crossover produced a wye which serves excellently for turnarounds. By carefully placing the new switch­ es over the old track before making any moves, all sizes and angles were determined in advance just to check once again on the original plan. The whole merit to the plan that is shown here in step-by-step form lies in the fact that original planning for ex­ pansion, that might not come for months or even years, saved time and trouble.

The finished track layout, with snow brushed back in place and buildings relocated and figures in place, shows no signs of a recent rebuilding. Com­ pare this layout with the picture on the bottom of Page and you can see the start and the17, finish, and the fact that prior planning had account­ ed for every move made. The prior planning meant extra time in the beginning, but the time it saved in later changes more than made up for the original expenditure. By com­ paring the picture and the diagram (omitting the short section from the diagram, if you wish) you can chart every move made.

MARCH, 1947 19 The Casey and LillIe RR is run by George Jackson of

Washington. D. C .• and a very nice job it is. Not yet exten· sive. the layout is planned for bigger and better things.

From is Bq .... __ Ira E g ti of ...... n. picture of his outstandil __ well planned for that is .::::::0-- 1 and for its del: activity, --

a x 12' . On platform, Ri hard OLIO of Philadelphia 4' Penna. operates n pleasantc railroad including some industries and a fl'lH'C that should stop any runaways.

Send clear pictures and description of your layouts to Snapshots. Model Builder will pay $1 for each used.

3, Illinois cOllies n Tampa, Florida, Kermit Tyndal1 In r two.level system and son enjoy a table lAyout Wl "th ,lenty of . improvised landscl.Iping but plenty I b din , 3cllon. Is in landsCUlli1G . of gs of lrae �� c ______���uil����101�8 ���k���' � � ���::::�����::����::������:: �::������!..J 8'Vit l':;;n��g ____ A useful car for carry- ing toads too high for yo., no,mal flat ,on. �'\. �p " CAll

the depressed center car has eliminated By Robert M. Sherman much of such devious routing. REQUENTLY, the industrial cus­ This model has been scaled to ',4" for Ftomers of the railroads call upon the gauge, and the dimensions can be carriers of the nation to handle extra­

To carry these aut of the ordinary any art store. loads, the railroads have unusual cars­ Start your model by making the center ones that you don't often see. One such sills and side pieces, four similar pieces. type is the subject of this article: The Figure 2-A will give you the shape and depressed center flat car. This car is tural piece that was a routing nightmare dimensions. The end beams can be pat­ recognizable as a flat car, yet it is dif­ because of its size. In the case of one terned after the figure in 2-B, and it ferent in that the center of the car is item that went into the Golden Gate can be made of thin wood or illustration dropped about eighteen inches below the bridge at San Francisco, the structural board. The poling sockets-which appear ends of the car, and the load is usually member was fabricated in a steel mill on all freight cal'S and which are used carried in this pit. As with all flat car in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Now any­ for poling cars from adjoining tracks­ loads, it must be securely lashed, and one with a railroad map can see that can be made from small pieces of Bristol the merit to the car is that the load will there are two possible routes. But in board which has a hole punched in it. then pass through tunnels and under checking, it was found that a bridge at The coupler pocket is made of wood or truss bridge structures which it wouldn't St. Louis would not handle the load, cardboard and the little pieces along the clear otherwise. nor would a second bottleneck in Chicago. top are little bits of wood cut to size. This may not present a major problem In the end the piece was routed over Figure 2-C shows little wooden blocks on model railroads where loads may be fi ve more roads than would normally used to space the two side members of tailored to fit the bridges and tunnels, have handled it, it traveled an additional the center sill of om' car. Six such blocks but on a real road it can cause great 2,100 miles (much of which was dou­ are required. D shows what each of difficulty. Any dispatcher or traffic bling back upon itself), and it finally twelve illustration board triangles will control manager can tell stories of the crossed the Mississippi River near New look like in final form; while E illus­ shipment of an outsized tank or struc- Orleans. Though such cases still arise, trates two heavy Bristo1 strips which

Thisdozens depressed or londs center that flat are cartoo canhigh :c. :t,:o'�Y clear.�n�y�n;i!� af.ijf§��:=�� tunnelsorare well and loaded bridge on superstructures ordinary flat evencnr i£floors. they

22 MODEL BUILDER must be made to finish the frame of our car. And Figure 3 shows the final assem­ bly of the frame. Parts A, C, and the wide E pieces are cemented together in order to make the finished center sill. When dry, the two end beams are cemented squarely to the ends of the sill. N ext, the two side plates CA) are cemented flush to the ends of the end beams. Most of the assembly work will be quite simple if the car is assembled upside down on a flat surface. When the side beams have dried, the twelve tri­ angular pieces are cemented between the center sill and each side plate. Locate the position of the trucks, and in that position fasten a wooden block on each end, cemented from side to side between the side pieces. For this, the center sill must be notched as shown in Figure 3-A. This piece is not to be over thick. center of gravity means better stability and few derailiugs for these specialized freight cars. 'Is"Figure 2-E describes two narrow strips of Bristol board which are cemented along the bottom edge of the side plates to form a flange. Figure 3 shows a sketch of the car assembly, and it has the same key letters as in Figure 2 so that all parts can be identified and easily located. This completes the frame, and the floor can now be made. The deck plate has both perforations and stake holes for drainage and lashing loads, and these may be punched into it from the reverse side or, in the case of the larger holes, cut out. This can be made of one or two ply Bristol board, and for added strength, it should run from end to end of the car. Pins will structure or cardboard and cement sounds light. but if well made will withstand any normal use. hold it in place until the cement has A thoroughly dried. The floor boards on the ends of the car are cut out of illustration board, and they are scored as shown in Figure 4. These, too, are cemented in place. Figure 5 shows a number of minor details, and these should be made and placed on the car. By studying the photographs of the model, you will be able to place these parts. The rivet strips are cut to size and pasted cemented in position, and you can get01' the rivet spacing from the photographs. The angle irons are placed at the ends of the de­ pressed section. The brake wheel is made by using wire for the wheel rim and the staff and by using small pieces of Bris- Underside shows the mounting of trucks and the strength of cross·braced, built·up cardboard body.

FIG. '2

- -- 1 ------1 1 � ---- "; / �, �, --- 7 f-I f-I --IL-L Pl A1 E M A. K E 'I. J��������------I S ------7' 2'�& I 1 MARCH, 1947 • 23 tol board for the spokes. Cement will hold the assembly very nicely. Grab irons and steps are easily made from staple strips, while air hoses can be made from a 11,4" length of solder which is hammered flat on both ends. The load for our car is pretty much up to the individual model maker. A big tank can easily be made from a tin can or a section of mailing tube, or a little ingenuity may suggest other loads.Per­ haps, you have a picture in your railroad files that will suggest a load, and you can then pattern your burden from this. In this case, a transformer is carried, and you will notice that although the appearance is authentic, much of the detailing is omitted. By simplifying the object, we can often create a more ac­ curate impression than the exactly scaled model, since simplification brings out important details, while all the tiny de­ tails may become a blur that loses much of its appeal. If you use a transformer, the details can be gained from the photo­ graph, while measurements will neces­ sarily fit your particular clearances, Before painting the model, a coat of watery shellac over the whole car is best. For colors, tuscan red or black may be used, with the lettering taken from decals (as in this case) 01' done by hand. The load may be as gaudy as you like, for many such loads are coated with red lead, while others are green or yellow, grey or black. Delils ofthe �rans�ormer can be gotten from this p�OlOgrllph,but atank, round or oval, a girder This car should be a bright spot on sectIon,� a fracl10natmg column. or machmery, could Just as eaSily. be used. Wbateverit is careful your road, and one that adds operating taut lashings will enhance its appearance, and, incidentally, foreslall any accidents by load'sbjfting: interest in return for a few hours' work. E!U FIGURE 3 RIVET STRIP CUT t PUNCHED CAll BODY A��EM8lY WITHOUT PIECES CUTOfF 4 r.PPllEP FlOOI1. TO SIDE OF Cr.!!

ILLUSTRATION BOARD - SCRIBE FLOORS ON EACH END -----.. fiGURE 4

WHEEL IS WIRE-STAFF STANCHION IS wOOP

80U6HT AS MAKE GOOD llANO- HOLD BRISTOL BOARD 1 OR , PLY) / "U"'''� BEND TO THIS / CUT S�r.PE.� �OER-HAMMERED fUT \ QH lOTH ENOS -MAKES ) AIR .RAKE HME: mps (�IIJMA!!f4 rw IPS F By Gordon K. Zern MAG INE this if you will! Down the track towards the brick yard comes the same old peddler freight. The small roadI engine plods placidly along, behind it a box car, following that two oil cars, then a gondola, then the crane, another gondola, a coal car and then, of course, the caboose. But wait a minute! What in the world is that wrecking crane-the Big Hook­ doing smack in the middle of a peddler freight, or is this a work train? No, it's not a work train, nor a wrecker either for that matter, and if you'll tag along to the brick yard, you'll see what the big hook is doing in a freight train. This brick yard is on a siding, a fairly shod one, and a fast passenger train is due shortly so the caboose, the hopper car and one gondola are dropped at the forward end of the siding, and the engine puffs through the switches and backs and goes forward until the other gondola and the crane are sitting right by the brick yard-and the main line is clear. As soon as they are in position, the big hook goes into operation. It swings out over the brick yard, lowers its hook, and there it is fastened onto a big, square container that has hooks on the top. In no time at all, and with a very few adjustments of the hook and boom elevation, the gondola is fWed with an even-dozen, drop-bottom containers of bricks. A moment's wait as the passenger train whistles past, and a move or two to remake the peddler freight and the small road engine moves its consist down the pike at a leisurely pace. And what is this all about? Well, it's about one of the minor but very important phases of real railroading. It's the handlingof Less than Carload Lots! LCL handling is a mighty important part of real rail­ roading, for it means that it is never necessary to tie up an entire box car for a fifth of a load. It means that you can mix refrigerated merchandise and regular merchandise on the same car, and it means that you can take a part of a load from a gondola and deliver it a mile away by truck without disturbingLess thancarload the lotload loading or rehandling has become it.an important operation rail. crane or derrick can unload a gondola ina fewminutes with L. L. C. roadingrequire antoday. entire The reefertwo refrigeratornormally, nowcontainers share gondolaon theright with of carotherin would loads. Aloading,admirably aud fitted since towreckin modelg work,cranes andare tbealso used.containers the entire are easilyoperation built. is r Hantilingmaterials in less than carload lots is important to a railroad, but what does it mean to a modeller. Just this! The scene that started this story could iust as easily have happened on a model railroad as it could and does happen daily on a prototype pike. That means that with a few hours work in your building shops, and it shouldn't take more than that since every con­ tainer is extremely simple from a model point of view, a few hours work will mean that many of your plants take on new life and activity. Your tiny farms can produce less than car load lots for your LCL refrigerator units, your brick kilns can s�ack bricks for drop-bottom containers or stacked containers, your small factories can· ship daily in merchandise containers, and your cement mill or even your sugar refinery can ship by air activated units. 5TEEI. W/T/f JlYOOL) nOOR ANO LINlNt; .. SIN (jLe DOOR //V ONE SHOO 310£ And that's not the best point of it. That wrecking crane that you use so seldom but which is a swell item to dress up "-:! 1Z··(J ."'If.'9 " the pike (even though there are few enough wrecks to keep r5:0�o�� -'L = it busy) can now be used everyday to handle your LCL units. c , That doesn't mean that it must make every trip, because you'll ::> c • c --, :.L = want to vary your peddler operations too, but you can give ;;,'" {� c � = the big hook and your factories a new lease on their miniature ,0� lives by working out an LCL system all your own. � ... • (.!....� Your first move will be to make yourself some containers. ""- / : () t."... A stick of 2" dowel sanded down to 1%" will be the right / '00 diameter for air activated containers. You cut it into 23/s" . I., �" I Off lengths, round the top as shown in the drawings, and add __"'''' 1�:-5 IJ ,,"" �d� I .0 hooks for the crane, and the container is made. For the io � C::ZIf HIrS ":'1 �::.�'Dsrt square containers, a piece of wood that is 21,4-"or more square, CONTROLLED FLOW BULK CONTAINER or 2',4"by 13ft"will make all of the containers if the proper �A "iA/fII) details are added after the wood is sized and cut to length. AJ.L STE£L wnw DlKNMVE HATOI OI'£NIN� IN /?OCF. All the dimensions are given, and the details can be taken from the photographs. The ribs of the steel containers can be scribed. and where legs exist they can be easily made of light cardboard properly glued or cemented. For colors, use a regular box car red for all containers except the refrigerator containers, and for these use aluminum paint. You may if you wish use a free lance color scheme, for as you will see, the road that uses the container has some control over them. Now assuming that you've constructed them, or can easily do it, how do you use them? That's a harder question to answer, and the reason that it is difficult to say is that there are almost as many ways to use them as there are users. Maybe it would be best if the whole story were told. There is, in New York City, a company called the LCL Corporation. This company makes and markets the containers that bear their name to various railroads in the East and as MERCHANDISE CONTAINER $TEEJ. , OOOR /111 w/rtf HO OD noOG' ANO SJN�£ .tAO" ,sHORr .510£. (Continued on Paye 36)

Special gondola (see diagram extreme job. Container 1Hmdles uny sorL of Jmlvedzed maLe rial. Urick containers have wooden tops, steel sides. dgbt) is lIsed for air ncLivnted eon· Controlled flow container permits load to be drawn off at Crane lowers conLainer Lo working platform, pin tainers handling pulverized materials. varjous times or in various places as it is needed on the is pu1)ed, and container drawn off leaving bricks. Stacked brick container leaves unloaded bdcks just as The flexibility of L. C. L. containers is their biggest merit to real and model railroads. they were stacked at kilns. Container bas special steps They can be unloaded by cranes, derricks, gantry cranes, monorails, or overhead cranes {or a man to ride the load, as it is not fully automatic. in factodes. reloaded without rehandlingj or tbey may be moved by the crane to the work.

LlME- CEMENT CONTAINER AIR ACTIVAT ED CONTAINER Pac' h'1I'/YPL //yd CE#E/YT II'/yP JlM/L,'fIE'�Nt:laI T/E.s

� � I .�� :, � 0)

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2

I,L TO TOPOr "L. OON. ,$:8 " ALL STEEL FLAT BOTTOM GONDOLA

MARCH, 1947 27 -=-W AG and

Continuing carts and wagons with methods for making the all-purpose undercarriage.

By Lo,*ence T. Gieringer HE WAGON has Dot yet been dis­ Tpossessed by the truck, and despite the earnest efforts of numbers of manu­ facturers, it is Dot likely that that re­ placement will be complete for many years. And then, come the day when the wagon is a thing of the past, it is certain that many modellers will turn to the wagon just as many model railroaders have patterned wood-burners and will continue their loyalty to the steam engine even if the Diesels take over the rails completely. The making of wheels was covered in last month's article, and it is only logical that the follow-up article to that should be on the basic framework of the wagon -the chassis. Just as the correct detail­ ing of trucks and underframe of a box car lends authenticity to the entire car, so the proper building of a miniature chassis will give the finished model an appeal that can never be gotten with lesser work. The modeller has the advan­ tage of knowing that should his model be examined closely, it will come off well

o

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PLAN 5 10' DOUBLE TREE � TONGUE " •

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RUNNING GEAR ASSEMBLY WITH EXTENSION RACK * 811AKEI1IG

Above. aUlhor with a farm wagCJIn chassis which he de· in the lower regions. And lastly, by ac­ scribes bow to mnke. This - 3"-9" curate modelling, we avoid difficulties chassis can be the basis for of AT BASE TT c G' K ... .< that are encountered should the model wagon types for farm and @ all f4 town usc on model vistas. Wr.6·l r" "·I""''''' ""''' S· 4-"6' - maker try to improvise too completely. $ 1 The picture spread on Pages 28 and ® 1 H' 29 shows a type of chassis used on al" II.. .�

A view of the rear running gear assembly of the cbassis shows detailing of rear axle, braces, brake assembly and wheels as described in the artic) e. By carefully making pieces by the dozen, aU types of wagons shown can be made, while 80m e chassis will be left (or coming wagons. Notice especially the brake assembly which can be modelled (or effect or as an operating brake.

30 MODEL BUILDl£.� t

- Thefarms. Acme, Notice or theBIntz, half \Vagan size "highis onc boards" of the aroundmost lIseful top forand large common londs­ on The spring board or buckboard was much used in the West, and the early makes had n solid wood floor, onc piece by 11' which was cut by with these the sides are 26" high. Front wheels rear axle to hand. Later models had hickory s1at floors.40" The suspension is simple, 42", 50", just blocks and axles, and the seat was movable (or additional loadings. axle is width of body 9". The Fine chain can be gotten at dime store. 3' 7', For the rear running gear assembly. After checking with the wheels that in the end of the double tree permits the study Plans and 4 well before starting. you will use on the rear assembly, you bolt to be withdrawn for storage. Make the pieces3 in about the same order are ready to line up the brakes. In actual In following articles specific wagons as for the front, starting with N. Then practice, the brake rod hangs under the will be taken under discussion, and the make the rear axle bracer and brake rear bracer K on strips of metal, and if whole field will be covered before the rack support K. K is in two pieces, you wish to make it operative, you can making of animals is discussed. For one divided right and left, and these pieces do so with tin strips. You may, however, final tip: Make your parts in lots of a cemented together at point A strap cement the brakes in place so that they dozen, and you will get production line of tin is placed around them,00. and a hole do not bind the wheels, and you may efficiency and a whale of a lot more fun. is drilled through for the king bolt. The ,simulate the brake action and rod. The Moreover, you may find in the end that brake rack is made from tin or thin support for' the brakes is pictured at L, you have saved time. If you make each brass, carefully cut to shape. Cut out while the shoes are simply small wooden part in lots, you will find that you will piece M, and make stakes G and cement. pieces cemented on the support. Notice become more proficient by the time you Cement K in position and cement piece that this chassis, as most, had brakes have reached your fifth part. Some of M to K. that could be operated from either the you will not have to think of all the par­ This assembly must be in good align­ front or the rear, since the operator was ticulars of the instructions after you ment, and the hole at C (marked R in often walking behind the wagon. have finished your third part of the lot; Plan 4) must be large enough to permit The tongue is a simple piece made for others will have to have completed five the king pole to move snugly in it. This two horses, having only a slight taper or six before that happens. This produc­ movement permits adjustment of the and a ring to distinguish it. The double tion line method should enable all of you wheelbase, since the holes in the king tree is made from the plan, and the wire not only to save time in the end but also pole can be matched at the desired length rings can be of copper wire or of wire to discover ways of making your wagons with the hole in the assembly at from milk bottles. Be sure that the hole efficient pieces of work. 00.

A hay wagon, 01' ladder rack, had front wheels and reM wheels The famous McCormick·Deering \Vagon had about projecting in the 40" 20" 34N (ront and about projecting to rear, although the measurements varied hil!:h.a body from 11' to 16' long, wide at bottom. 6' at top. The bdder 30" somewhnt. This particular wagon was cast in Babbitt metal at Roadside sides were abollt high, rungs4' spaced about apart. Front ladder 30" l' America. and the chassis is the standard type (or most prairie schooners. rack and rear hook pole were used with u third polc 10 hold the lond. MARCH, 1947 31 6. In railroading, the term. "Mallet" is m.osl; likely mean: a. An articulated1.0 hammer for reach- ing out-of-the-way spikes b. An articulated lantern for specialD signalling c. A hammer for quieting trouble-D some passengers D The above picture sholVs a gadget d. An articulated locomotive for . 1. especially heavy freights 12. The device on top of this locom.o­ that projects out in front of an engine­ D, live is called a: it is a: ".� a. Pantograph a. Pylon 7. In nwael railroading, a curved b. Planograph D Pilot D piece of 111.rtltlLfactured track takes lLP c. Catenary D b.c. Pyrex D an arc of: D D d. Centurion D d. Proton a. 45' D b. D 90' D . If (m engineer in (t clear block sees 13. A. A. R. sumds for : 2 �Id. M' D a. Anti-Aircraft (Railborne) a man who is standing on the track 360' D b. Albany, Aroostock and ReadingD aheud lind waving his hat violently, he The inil.ials C. L. sta,,,d for : Railroad would: 8. a. Louisville ConnectingL. Lines c. Association for the AdvancementD a. Whistle to warn him to move from b. Louisiana, Charleston and Louis-D of Railroading the track d. Association of American Rail-D D ville R. R. D b. Slow down 10 or 15 m. p. h. c. Love Conquers Locksmiths roads c. Apply his ai rbrakes and stop Das d, Less than Carload Lots D D quickly as possible D d. Speed up to knock the man offD the tracks 14. In m.odel railroading, g(mge refers D to the:a. Scale in which mode s are The railroad that carries the highest I 3. built D percentage of passenger traffic as COnt­ b. The distance between the insides of the heads of the rails pareda. toThe freight Bellefonte in the UnitedCentral States Rail­ is: c. A gadget that tells you when it'sD road going to blow up D d. A ratio between size of model andD b. The Long Island Railroad D Even thou.gh you. can see only this c. The Baltimore and Ohio Rail- 9. size of real thing. D road m.uch of the car, yOlt should know I.hat d. The Atchison, Topeka and SantaD it is a: Fe Railroad a. Covered hopper car 15. In spnnning n long gap, such as D b. Box car D he Grand Canyon for instance, YOlL c. Refrigerator car D I 4. The big news in transcontinental d. Automobile car wou.lda. Suspensionbe ,nost lihely bridg toe lLse a: passenger travel last year was: D b. Truss bridge a. Coast -to - coast travel without c. Girder bridge changing trains 10. If yon see a locomotive with the b. A rise in fares D cab located in the middle of the boiler d, Drawbridge c. The airlines got all the busi-D ness instead of to the rear of the boiler, you d. A decrease in fares D could guess that it is a: D a. Mother Hubbard D b. Hunchback D c. Camelback D d, Consolidation D

1 10 If an engineer sees a signal ahead 0000000 with (t, red light over a green light, he 5. The above diagrctnt shows a wheel knows : 16. If the heavy line in the above map arrangement of a locomotive it is section represents (t, railroad, then the a. He must stop D called D: b. He can go ahead at full speed to rack pattern thllt is shown is called : a. Berkshire the next signal I a, A triangle b. Atlantic D c, He can go ahead at reducedD b. An D D fiX" 0 c. Hudson D speed D c. A turnaround D d. Antarctic D d. The signal is out of order D d. A wye D 32 Answers will be found on Page MODEL BUILDER 37. AnnoRAILROAD QUIZun offerscin thousandsg ofThe possibilities forModel The quiz on theBuilder opposite page is given Quiz as a starter, and is questions and answers, and those questions can range included just to give you an idea of what sort of thing can from the very simple questions to some that will put veteran be asked and how pictures and drawings may be used in a Arailroaders to scratching their heads in pure wonderment. quiz of this nature. These were made by the editors, and By overwhelming vote, Model Builder's readers have re­ they do not begin to exhaust the possibilities of such a quiz. quested a quiz on railroad subjects, and on the opposite page There is one suggestion, however, and that is to remember will be found the first Model Builder Railroad Quiz. that this is not an examination for professional railroaders. Model Builder's quiz will be different from other quizzes We don't want to make the questions too easy, but we don't you have known, however. And the reason for that is that want to make them so difficult that none but a thirty-year the readers of Model Builder will run the quiz themselves. man can answer them. The editors will have final supervision of all questions and Remember that the solution to the question must accompany all entries; but you, and you, and you, are going to provide the question in every case. The reason for that is that the the answers AND the questions. editors may not agree with your answer. In case of disagree­ Here's how it works: ment about the answer to a question, the editors will not use Readers of Model Builder (and their friends) may submit the question without consulting the sender. any question that is related to real railroading or model rail­ The last word: DON'T SEND QUESTIONS UNTIL YOU roading, and they must provide the answer to that question READ THE RULES! at the same time, (Later we'll tell you why.) Questions will fall into two groups. The first group will RULES FOR RAILROAD QUIZ be questions which do not require a photograph, and for Anyone not employed by tbe Lionel Corporation may these, Model Builder will pay one dollar. The second group submit1. questions. will be those which require a photograph. and if the submitter Any number of questions may be submitted by any includes an acceptable photograph, three dollars will be paid person.2. on publication. 3. Questions may be submitted by one person only. That It is this way: If you send the question, "Where is Grand is, if you and a friend or relative work together on a question, Central Terminal located and if it is used, you will be paid send it in one name only, and if used, the money will be sent one dollar. If you send in1" a picture of Horseshoe Curve and to that person. suggest the I'eaders identify it, you will be paid three dollars 4. In sending photographs, be sure that they are clear if the question and picture are used. pictures and that the particular section of the picture to be One thing that must be understood before any question used is identified if such is the case. All photographs must is submitted. and this is that if a picture question is sub­ have the sender's name and address written lightly on the mitted with a photograph that the editors do not believe is back with soft pencil or ink. satisfactory, the editors may introduce a new photograph. In 5. All questions submitted will be the property of the that case, the submitter will be paid for the question only. Lionel Corporation and will not be returned under any cir­ The editors' judgment will be final in this matter, and the cumstances. decision as to whether a question is entitled to win three 7. Photographs will be returned only if requested and if dollars as a picture question or one dollar as a non-picture accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope. Photo­ question will not be altered in any way. graphs will be returned only if the name of the sender is The case may arise of a question involving a diagram. written on the back of the picture with the address and the These may sometimes be used, but they must be such that words, "Return to sender, self-addressed, stamped envelope the diagram can be contained in a space one inch by 2% attached." inches. This means that no involved· track layouts may be 8. Decisions of the editors as to whether or not a picture used, nor can a detailed diagram of a locomoti ve be gotten is to be used with a particular question will be final. in this space. You may get some idea of this from looking 9. The editors may use a picture question but may be at questions 5 and 16, since both these diagrams are practical required to substitute a new photograph. In that case, the in the space that can be used. sender will be paid only one dollar for the question.

the hole. One end is bent over about l/S " straighten the portion out with pliers. GRAND CENTRAL III long and soldered to the metal; the other After all the track is cut and the cross­ MINIATURE end is connected to the third rail current ing blocks made, the crossover is assem­ supply. If possible, when designing a bled. Make sure. that the base or table (Continued /"0'" Page 11) crossover, make a scale drawing such on which the crossover is mounted will other end to the switch machine. That as Figure 1. This will give a general idea not warp, since it will likely interfere portion of the switch upon which the of the arrangement of the parts and the with the proper operation of the unit. lever is mounted may be cut off, if you exact angle of the crossing. Armed with A removable base is advantageous, be­ want it that way. this information, a full size drawing of cause it can be removed to facili tate easy The actual design of the crossover will the crossing should be made (like Figure repairs, especially in the case of home­ depend mainly upon the distance between 3) to show the size of the wood blocks installed switch machines. tracks and the gauge of the track. used in its construction. If these blocks If one is going to use electrically Figure 2 shows a sample crossover with do not line up perfectly, the whole cross­ operated switches, only two pair of con­ "0" gauge dimensions, while Figure 3 over can be ruined. Next, the switches trols are needed; since the switches are gives the detail of the crossing. To en­ should be laid out exactly where they wired in pairs. Thus, in Figure 1, sure current pick-up over the crossing, will be located in the finished product. Switches and should be wired to­ a piece of sheet metal is glued or other­ Then carefully determine where they gether; likewise1 42 and 3. Most of the wise secured to the center "diamond." will have to be cut in order that they will switch machines that would be used with In one corner of this metal, a small hole fit. Either a fine-toothed hacksaw or the "0_27" manual switches are of too is drilled straight through the crossover a heavy-duty pair of tinsnips are suit­ low resistance to be wired in parallel, and table, and a piece of No. 18 01' No. able for cutting the switches. If the so they must be connected in series (see 20 bare copper wire is pushed through latter is used, it will be necessary to Figure 4) .

MARCH, 1947 33 REROUTING STEP - BY - STEP J. T. R.R_ (Continued fro?l' Page 19) (Continued "'om Page 12) ing only upon the timethat switches and The scene was hardly complete when realistic appearance. Many of the build­ a crossover were acquired. Perhaps the along came a friend with a gift of a ings were made from pictures and blue­ prospect of change had the appeal of 900 crossover which, of course. had to prints in magazine articles. variety of viewpoint and treatment; per­ be used at once. It was in the plans for After finishing the scenery on the haps its proximity to the control board eventual use, so why not now. It really large table, another smaller table was made it conspicuous; perhaps the fact wouldn't be difficult, nor would it take built for an engine terminal and service that temporary treatment comes quick long. That's an advantage of ready-made yard for the four locomotives. The yard and easy had something to do with it; track and switches. The screws holding consists of a turntable coaling station, or perhaps the very fact that an element the trackage to the table were un­ water tank, service tracks and shops. of uncertainty presented a puzzling prob­ screwed; snow was brushed back and Later, more tables were built, and more lem was intriguing. cleared from affected areas with a dry track was laid until now the road takes Backgrounds bothered. Those in stock paint brush; wiring was detached from up half of the cellar. At present, the from previous purchases were faded and Switch 2; and track loosened by lifting road has 150' of track, five sidings, two brittle. To buy new ones seemed foolish and working gently. freight yards, five stations and an in­ until eventual treatment of Hobby Haven The specially cut straight track which teresting engine terminal. Yard was determined. So it was that had been cut to the length of a crossover Five towns are located along the main the old backgrounds were tacked up as was removed and replaced by the cross­ line, each with its station and sidings. a try-for-size and for effect. over. A curve joined it to the former If we were to take a trip on the Jackson Trellis lath, 1.4, " x Ph" white pine, passing siding which would now become Thomas Railroad, we would board a was nailed in place and braced for top an alternate route for outside main line train at Jamaica, the main terminal of and bottom support of the 2' high scenic traffic. Switch 2 took the place of a the road. As soon as a loco was coupled paper. At the left corner, around the gas straight on the outside main and was on to our train, we would be ready to go. pipes, valves, and meter the lath was connected to the crossover by means of After passingover the yard and terminal bent in a wide radius curve and made another OS track. switches, we would pass through the secure. and therein is the advantage of Snow was sifted, spread and brushed small town of Hillside, which is situated trellis lath-it's very flexible. The back­ back in place as soon as all switch, pin on the side of URich Man's Mountain." ground paper was hung, by tacking at work and wiring was completed. The Emerging from the tunnel through the top and bottom, along the wall and switch stand of Switch 2 had to be re­ mountain, we would then arrive at Ozone around the corner curve. Thumb tacks versed to the inside of the curve. Only Park, our first stop. Here we would see would not do since they might pull out the factory was slightly relocated to clear a few small homes, a gas station and a or tear the paper, so YS N square, hard the new track. When another snow storm box factory at the end of a small siding. balsa strip wood and V2 " wire nails were ended, the scene looked as if it had After taking on passengers, we would used for this work. always been that way-perfectly natural resume our trip on the elevated section Because a winter scene was proposed, and peacefully at rest. of the main line. After crossing the plate with artificial snow, holes and cracks in But snow was never made to rest un­ girder bridge over Wilson River, we the train table top had to be sealed to disturbed. Acquisition of a pair of hand­ would come upon the division point prevent leakage. For this purpose, %,'1 operated switches b r 0 ught out the called Rocky Point. We would stop here quarter round, the kind used where the "Switch Shift" again. Snow was re­ while our engine took on water and mail base board and floor meet in your home, moved as before, screws removed from was unloaded. was used at the bottom of the back­ trackage, sections lifted and detached; A few minutes later, we would again ground paper, at the back of the train­ and the new switches, Numbers 5 and 6, be speeding across the countryside. Our table top and along one cabinet side. were added to complete Hobby Haven next stop would be Valley Stream. If we Scotch tape, used by draftsmen to hold Wye. The fact that these switches were glanced out of our coach window, we paper to drawing boards or by painters hand-operated was no disadvantage, for would see a yard engine making up a for masking purposes, was used to cover the remote control switches handled the train in the busy freight yard. We would cracks and holes. main routes. Switches 5 and 6 took care A few accessories, figures, trees and of reversal of direction of engines or leave Valley Stream on time, and after the like were scattered about in reason­ trains and involved no new wiring. a few short model railroad hours, we ably logical spots for atmosphere-then The factory was again adjusted slight­ would find ourselves back where we came the snow. A cheap grade of com­ ly, but other buildings remained undis­ started from in the terminal at Jamaica. mercial salt would do (not rock salt), turbed. The snow was redistributed, The entire road is operated with a but a better snow was discovered by tapped and brushed with the dry brush, 100 watt transformer, and it is divided asking the aid of a local department and all was serene once more. into two sections each controlled by a store display department. Salt mixed Two major switch shifts had been separate control knob. The engine termi­ with ground mica that sparkled and had made with no disturbance in the final nal and freight yards are controlled by a most realistic snow texture. About effect, and little time was lost despite individual rheostats. five pounds of it, sprinkled lightly by the fact that the changes were made in In a few weeks, part of the layout will holding a handful at a time just above the midst of scenic realism. Less than be changed, and the entire main line the train table or spot to be covered, forty-five minutes was spent in each. will be double tracked. In this way, three spread a blanket of white in a most A complete shift of possible routes or four trains can be run at one time. effective manner. By sifting it more had been accomplished; a passing track Plans are under way for a complete block heavily along the tracks, ties disap­ had been converted to a main line. Peep­ signal system. peared, and the track became shimmer­ sight Division had been connected in two This has been and will be a true part­ ing streaks of steel against the white­ choices of direction and three choices nership road, for the Vice-President, as it does in real life. of route to the outside main; and a wye my brothel'Spike, cut, stained and laid For a final touch of realism a hand­ was added-and the latter is more com­ over 2,000 railroad ties tAat have gone ful or so of snow was allowed to trickle pletely effective for reversing engines into the layout, and he helped build some onto the roofs of the buildings. Just and trains than a t'ound table. All this, of the fifteen freight cars and many of enough clung to the eaves and roof edges plus a most railroad-like effect and ap­ the buildings. He also does a swell job to give a most natural and realistic ef­ pearance had been accomplished because at the throttle. fect. A touch of liquid glue or shellac "features for the future" were planned DON'T FORGET-The Model Builder helped to retain an edging of snow where and provided for. A most happy argu­ Railroad Quiz is fun! Read the Rules the roof was too slick or steep. ment for such a procedure. before sending your questions.

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1947 MARCH, 35 LIONEL SALES & SERVICE L. C. L. (Continued {" MIt Paye 27) Immediate Delivery on: far as St. Loui&. These containers are Trainset No. 1405W complete 35.95 Penn. Steam·Type Loco & WhisUe Tender the property of the C, L. Corporation, ,\" AND MASTER OF PLENTY No. 67ILST 35.00 L. 6 but they are leased on a fifteen year Sf!1ooth, steady power at your finger. Steam-Type Lcco & Whistle Tender, Wheel 23.75 tips! Plug Handee in any AC or DC Drivo No. 1666LT basis to various railroads. Certain other socket and you're Lionel Water Tower No. 38 13.95 ready to grind .. �ou 115 16.50 "'�·-��l�l Stop Station No. polish, rout, carve, sand railroads use some few less than carload drill, : 4.75 saw, .engrave on metal, wood, Block Signal No. 153 154 4.75 lot containers, but they are at best re­ plastic, horn, glass, etc. \Vt. 12 Highway Signal No. 4.50 oz. 25,000 T.p.m In steel case Automatic Crossing Gato No. 152 stricted to a few typ�s by reason of the . 23.50 with accessories, post· Basculo Bridge No. 313 40 Magnetic Crane No. 182 22.50 fact that the L. C. L. Corporation holds paid, Handee only $27.$0. 18.95 with 7 accessories, Log Loader No. 164 many of the key patents in the field. Satisfaction guarante$20.50ed Merchandise Car No. 3454 5.95 No.3459 7.00 I . Dump Oro Car And so it works this way_ Let us say Now I 027 Remote Control Switches 10.95 FREE!Order 52.PPump!all_ DelimyManual Gauge Remote Control Switches 16.75 that the New York Central operates in CHICAGO WHEEL MFG. CO. o 027 straight and curved track (each) .25 & Dept.Ml a region where there are many brick o gauge straight and curved track (each) .30 1101 III. (unlimited quantities) yards, some of which make very eA�en­ Knuckle coupler trucks (each) 1.25 Knuckle coupler trucks with roller contact (ea.) 1.50 sive firebrick and other specialized types LIONEL TRANSFORMERS of brick. There are many carload ship­ Type "R" 100 Watts 12.50 ments of bricks from the yards, but there Type "z" 250 Watts 20.00 100 Watt Rheostats 3.00 are many shipments that must be broken E. R. JOHNSTON COMPLETE LINE OF AMERICAN FLYER 3/16 TWO- down into smaller than carload units and ELECTRIC TRAIN SHOP RAIL ENGINES AND CARS GARGRAVES TRACKAGE - COMPLETE HO LINE for these small shipments, a complete 3828 M n e ota Avenue, - La 8636 The only Exclusivoi Train Shop in St. Louis. LIONEL AND AMERICAN FLYER FACTORY AUTHOR­ car would have to be used except for the Expert repairinCj.n s Model railroad supplies in IZED SERVICE STATION _ All repair parts in stock. L, C. L. Containers, Thus, at the brick "HO". "00", and "0" qauge. Approved Lionel Service Station. ERIC FUCHS yard the container is filled with bricks, St. Louis, Mo. 28 S reet and at the delivery end one more con­ Brattle t BOSTON, MASS. tainer loads are dumped into01' trucks and MODEL RAILROADS EXCLUSIVELY hauled away without the waste time of hand loading and unloading. For com­ mon brick, the drop bottom container may be used, and in this case the bricks BRASS RODS are tumbled into the truck as the case For Home Work Shops Free-Cutting Rods is drawn off by the big hook by a 3/32 - 3" Round 01' gantry crane, 01' by a contractor's der­ & Hex. Send for Complete Naval Brass Rods rick, hoist, or crane. This means that VB - 2V." Round local consumers may get small lots, and Price L1:s1 No. 105 Brass & Cooper Tubing MEIER BRASS COPPER CO. it also means that contractors on big & - Outside Mich. 1/4 Diameter.0/4" jobs can get brick in easily handled lots 728.C MILWAUKEE 3, WISCONSIN DEPT. • 1155 Bellevue, Detroit 7, delivered to the nearest siding which may be right on the scene of the work, TINPLATERS In the case of firebrick or facing brick, Get our complete cataloq covering tbo Waltbeu' line of "HO" and "0" Gauge a different container may be used. The Model Railroad pariS, kits, decals, scenery. signals and books. Find out how you can BAKER &. BAKER stack brick container has only three convert to full enjoyment of your hobby. lionel Factory Approved Service sides and no roof, and the bricks are Send 50c for catalog. which puts your name Prompt-Reasonable-Guaranteed work on the Walthers' mailing list for new items. · stacked in them just as they were stacked WM. K. WALTHERS, INC. 11503 Chalmers at Flanders in the plant where they were made. 257 E. Erie Street Milwaukoe 2, Wisc. Detroit 5, Michigan These are transported by rail to the proper point, and here they may be re­ moved by a special lifting fork and de­ GARGRAVES' UNIVERSAL TRACKAGE posited on a truck. For Scale or Tinplate {the PERFECT Hi·Rail or Hi-Iron} Merchandise containers are, of course, This is GarGraves' patented, flexible, Universal track. As the illustration shows, the usable for almost any items that are steel rails (3/16" high) and wooden ties are built to the exactly correct size ond shape for 0 gauge scale. The patented feature of construction, which eliminates small enough to necessitate less than spika heads (thareby permitting tinplate flanges to run per­ carload lots being shipped, Glass, ma­ fectly on scale rail). and which permits curves of any radius to be easily benl, is built into the rail and lies below the chine parts, toys, wood, clothing or any web of the rail, and does not in the least detract from the perfect appear­ other of thousands of items that may be ance oj the track. manufactured along your right of way may be shipped via L. C, L. containers, Much of the same is true of the refrig­

' 'u niversal track- erated containers, for they can handle . _ in lr P � � · ·· almost any sort of food, and they may ,. �:: ,C � �j �:��c t ! :�t �! ti:� INSIDE THIRD RAIL TYPE be refrigerated with water ice, salt ice mates perfectly with any Lionel trackage except 01' dry ice. The temperature is control­ 00, American Flyer trackage except HO and 7/8" and any Marx 0 gauge trackage_ GarGraves is also lable, and the shipment is protected until available in TWO RAIL and in TWO RAIL with every fiUh tie longer so the user can install his own Out- third morning delivery. side Third Rail. Cement and lime containers are made GarGraves is the only truly UNIVERSAL track Elver manufactured! It may be used with any typo of 0 gauge trackage that you are now using. It may be mated to American Flyer. Lionel in steel plyboard, and containers of (027. 0, or 072). or Marx track) or to any other make rail or switch. either Scale, Tinplate the same01' type may be used to handle Of Hi-Iron. 01 NOW AVAILABLE FULL GARGRAVES TRACKAGE FACTS COME TO YOU ON RECEIPT OF A STAMP. 30 TINPLATE AND SCALE Gardner, "THE TRAIN DOCTOR" SALES AND SERVICE

(Where Railroadin' a business. NOT A SIDE LINE ) is 2261 DEWEY AVENUE Lionel Factory Approved Service ROCHESTER 13. N. SIMONSEN MODEL SUPPLIES Y. [f your track is no' RIGHT. YOllr operation tuill not be RIGHT, regardless of hotu 4624 N. lincoln mllc" C3054h c N.o Greenview Ave. Ave. your rollino stock cons. Good Track tht: fo-undatioll of Miniatllre Railroading enjoymellt. i ag 13, lIf. go Grl the ben, Ben by isall tests GARGRAVES TRA CKA GE. 89&4 ChicaEdg. 25. IU. Tel. lin. Tel. 3222

36 MODEL BUILDER almost any dry material-and that in­ cludes even sugar! The controlled-flow containers are of most use to the ulti­ mate consumer, for he can use the con­ tainer in lieu of a small hopper. Air-activated containers, too, may be used for almost any dry material, but the principal use is for cement. These containers require an air compressor and a special car, but they facilitate the This "trading post" is cOllducted os a service to readers tI�is maga.::illc as individllols and is not for use of established bll.nness. No notices will be accepted for these 0/columllS unless they oUer to trade or e�chanoc 011' handling of materials tremendously. item for ollot/ler. No "For Sale" advertisemC'llts accepted u/lder OilY cirClfm.rt(mce.r. Rate for notices in these or U. With ingenuity, a bit of work with c:Jl'mllls, Olle cetlt /ler word, payable ill advance. In order to 0110id loss in mail, selin stomos S. money order, to MODEL BUILDER, DepartmCllt T, IS E. ;;z6th St., Nrnv York 10, N. Y. Readers are waT'tled Ilwf MODEL BUILDER saw, file and paint brush, you can liven alld its J1IIblis/�crs accept no 1'espollsibi/ity for di/fcrellces elwf occur between advertise1'$ your road beyond belief by using the a'ld sllbscn·bers as a result of notices printed in t�SI! COII/IIIIIS. IJe certaill tllat l'OI� ullderstand all conditia'is industrial sidings to greater advantage, be/ore you COllcllldc negotiations. by using your crane for better purposes, WANTED : Old style trains; trolley cars; HAVE: A stamp book with ovel' 400 Portu­ and even by using spots that are not yet rare types; steam, electric, wind-up; any guese stamps. WANTED: What you have built up as unloading places for bricks condition; Lionel, Ives, A.F., Dol'fan, Vol­ in "0" gauge track (three rails) acces­ tamp, Carlisle Finch, Electoy, Boucher, sOl·ies. All postage charges are on my cost. to be put into trucks. & Beggs, Howard, Bing, Marklin, etc.; Ger­ Tomaz Crespo, Av. 24 de Julho, 52, 2° esq. man 01' U. S. makes. Need Ives 3245, 1120; Lisbon, Pol'tugal. Lionel Brass 4-4-0 Std. Gauge j Boucher or R.R. QUIZ ANSWERS Voltamp 2100 German Locos, old 01' mod­ HAVE :No. 152 automatic crossing gate and j (See Page 32) ern. Also old train catalogues ; German 315 illuminated trestle. WILL TRADE autos, boats, steam engines. OFFER IN FOR: One 022 remote control switch. T. 1. The pilot is also called the cow­ TRADE : New 1942 0 gauge Lionel A.F. Baumann, 819 Pal'k Avenue, Hoboken, N. J. catcherb. in less technical terms. locos (Hudson Switchers, Hiawatha, PRR 4-6-2, 226, others ), cars, kits, by A.F., WILL TRADE: Lionel "0" gauge trains 2. c. The engineer must stop, for the Roundhouse, Varney, Mantau, Marklin, Dr. and accessories. HAVE : Ives locos, me­ man may be warning of some danger Glen Harrison, 307 Washington, Waukegan, chanical and electric; steam and electric which cannot be seen from the cab. Illinois. types; Ives passenger and freight cars; 3. The Long Island, a subsidiary of Ives track for wind-Ups and electric ; Ives b. WANTED : Old toy electric motors, trains standard gauge setj Dorfan passengel' set the Pennsylvania Railroad, carries heavy and cast iron toys. WILL TRADE new with switches. Stamped envelope for list. commuter traffic into New York City. Lionel equipment in exchange. Dr. Kowal, Donald La Spaluto, 9116 - 210th Place, 1846 Cullel'ton, Chicago 8, Queens Village, L. I., N. The Bellefonte Central, incidentally, is 111. Y. a short line, and as a rule, short lines are HAVE : Lionel Locos Nos. 1666E, 1684E, H A V E: Standard gauge equipment. heavy on freight traffic-this one car­ 224E, 225E, 263E, 264E, American Flyer WANT: 0 01' HO equipment. E. L. Long­ ries no passengers. Nos. 1681, 1683, 1218, 3115, 3191. Also ley, 4509 Kathla'nd Avenue, Balitmore 7, Freight and Passenger Cars, Manual and Md. 4. a. Through the prodding of Robert Automatic Coupling, Misc. Accessories, Young, Chairman of the Chesapeake Transformers, Switches and Track. An I HAVE : One pail' of Nestor Johnson ice & "0" Ohio Board of Directors, the railroads gauge. IN EXCELLENT CONDITION. skates (racers), size 5, very good condition. now schedule trains from coast-to-coast WILL TRADE FOR: Lionel Nos. 2623, I WANT: One pair of LIONEL STAND­ 2624, 2700 or 2900 series cars. Also need ARD GAUGE remote conn'ol switches. without changes. cowcatchers for A. F. 1,4 ." size Hudson. List Must be in good condition. Arthur Lukowicz, 5. c. It is a Hudson. (An Antarctic, by for 3¢ stamp. R. C. McLaren, 1035 Maple­ 2724 N. Lawndale Avenue, Chicago 47, ton Ave., Oak Pal'k, Ill. Illinois. the way, is a 4-4-4-4-etc., depending on . how many dogs you have pulling the I WANT : 4 cUl'ved and 6 straight track. 1 HAVE : Two 027 complete outfits, one scale sled.) manual switch. 1 illuminated bumper. All l'eirigerator and one scale flat car less 6. d. A Mallet is often articulated, 027. HAVE : 2-way telegraph set, 12 new couplers, Model Railroader '39 to '41 incl., always has double cylinders, pistons and . issues of Popular Science, many back is­ MODEL BUILDER '37 to '42 incl., Model sues of Life, Chemicraft chemistry set No. Craftsman '36 to '41, Miniature Railroad­ valves for two sets of drive wheels. 1 with extra equipment, electric baseball ing complete. Railroad Magazine, old tin­ 7. a. Eight curved tracks make a circle, and electric football game. Robert Ander­ plate catalogues, etc. Wl'ite for list. WANT: son, 96 West 163 Street, N. Y. 52, N. S gauge equipment (3/16" scale). What and 360· divided by eight is 45·. Y. have you? Richard Callahan, R. D. 1, But­ 8. d. See Pages 25, 26 and 27. HAVE : Lionel No. 763 EW scale model ler, Pa. 9. c. This hatch is used for loading ice Hudson loco converted to full scale same into refrigerator cars. as No. 700EW numbered 5341 and convert­ WILL TRADE : Winchester 22 Rifle Model ed to 2-rail with No. 700W scale tender. 72-22, with weaver 3X telescope sight and 10. a. or c. The cab-astride engines are Also No. 701 scale switcher with No. 701 T army sling. Also 500 stamps, mostly U. S. called both Mother Hubbards and Camel­ tender converted to 2-rail No. 716 hopper and several 1st day issues. WANT : Lionel backs. Purists favor the first term, but cal', No. 714 box car, No. 715 tank car, No. switcher - 1666LT and 027 automatic the latter is in more general use for all 717 caboose. ALL FOR : 2 rail. Also No. switches and 2400 series freight cars. Har­ 124 station and a few other scale box cars. lan Wagner, 1040 W. Front Street, Plain­ such types. This equipment run less than a dozen times. field, N. J. Just like new. Lewis J. Glashower, Prairie 11. d. The signal would be out of order. HAVE :Labol'atory equipment and chemi­ Road R. R. No. 1, Grandville, Mich. Red should never show over green (pos­ cals. WANT: U. S. stamps - used or un­ used. Chad Archie, Jr., P. O. Box 465, sibly as a concession to the Irish). En­ HAVE : 027 Hudson passenger set. WANT : Corinth, Mississippi. gineer would stop at nearest point to 027 accessories. Write for list. James notify authorities. so take half credit Schuler, State Center, Iowa. HAVE : Amel'ican Flyer gauge Bor­ 110" for a. den's Milk car, 3 American Flyer Acces­ HA VE : Much photography developing 12. a. Pantograph is right -the cate­ sories and American Flyer bridge. WANT­ equipment. Also one f. 6.3 lense and a ED : HO gauge equipment, preferably nary is the system of suspension of over­ box camera, No. 5 Gilbert microscope set American Flyer. Also camera equipment head wires. complete, one toy motor, one wall spring and chemical equipment. Enclose self­ 13. d. exerciser. WANT: HO gauge cars, engines, addressed envelope with 3¢ stamp for an­ switches. For details write Frank Cardillo, swel·. Joseph Steinberg, 2902 East 77th 14. b. Gauge refers to rail distances 447 E. 4th St., Brooklyn 18, N. only, and is not concerned with scale, Y. Street, Chicago 49, Illinois. since the scale can be varied on the same WILL TRADE : Bassett-Lowke steam train HAVE: 8 pcs. Lionel curved track, one 90 and other old trains. WANTED: Weeden degree A. F. No. 602, one No. 020, two No. gauge, toy elecn'ic motol's, old clockwork toys, old 020X 45 degree Lionel crossovers. WILL 15. a. baseball game, old building blocksl old toy EXCHANGE FOR: Equal value in Lionel 16. d. A Wye is a sort of turnabout, so printing presses, ostrich and cart clock­ straight track or for 1 pair 072 automatic work toy. A. E. Moredock, 301 East High switches. Arthur Sell, 1124 W. Somerset take half credit for c. Street, Waynesburg, Pa. Strefl!t, Philadelphia 33, Pa. MARCH, 1947 37 HA"E : Lionel "0" gauge equipment. 238- HAVE : Gilbert electric solder molding E locomotive. Whistle tender 265-W. 675 outfit complete and Swiss set rotal.'Y print­ caboose. 654 tank cal'. 653 coal hopper, 651 ing press. Will print twelve lines 3 inches flatcar. Three Lionel U. T. C. lockons. Nine wide. WANT: A set of Amel'ican Flyer or sections Lionel b·ack. Twelve sections Lionel switches gauge) or what have HOBB25 PARK ROW,Y -LYORKAN Y.D ("0" NEW 7. N. Lionel curved track. Lionel 66 whistle con­ you. Best offer accepted. Robert Kenney, See our Ad on the Outside Back Cover b' oller. Seven track clamps. WANTED: Box 185, Hatfield, Pa. HO gauge equipment and rolling stock. preferably Amel'ican Flyer. Also accepted HAVE : Dennymite Airstream class C gas cameras and equipment 01' chemical outfits. motor ; Dooling cast aluminum race car Enclose self-addressed envelope with 3¢ equipped with Dennymite gas motor, class stamp for answer. Joseph Steinberg. 2902 C; Dooling race car for class B engines. E. 77th Street. Chicago 49, Illinois. Race cars new, motors slightly used. 2 Marx reversible "0" gauge engines; 10 HAVE : 027 Lionel Junior locomotive and automatic coupling Marx freight cars; all tender No. 1689E and No. 1689T, box car tin plate; 259E Lionel locomotive. two 610 No. 1679. caboose No. 1682, 2 gondolas No. and one 612 Lionel passenger cars with 652 and 902 (manual couplers). two log lights. WANT : Late 0 or 027 Lionel cars, cars (automatic couplers, not electric), 12 en�ines, 027 remote control switches or pieces of straight track, 11 pieces of curved, other Lionel equipment. All letters an­ one 90 degree crossover. WANT: One pair swered. Elmo S. Parrigin. 406 E. Thorne "0" gauge automatic switches, straight and St., Marion, Illinois. curved hack, one crossover and what have you in accessories. James M. Corrigan, "0" HAVE: 027 Lionel, manual and automatic 1315 E. Bl'oad Street, Hazleton, Pa. switches; MODEL BUILDERS ; track. WANT: 90 degree and 45 degree cross­ WILL TRADE : Keystone K8, 8mm movie overs, manual switches ANY GAUGE. camera case, like new. only one reel of film. Evans. 20 Bristol, Pawtucket, R. I. used in it; FOR : Pair 022 remote control switches and crossovers, "0" gauge. and what have you. Robert F. Faust, 74 Farley HAVE : Twenty-one 027 Lionel straight Street, Lawrence, Mass. hack. Also 14 curved hack. One pair ASSORTMENT #]]0 plecel. h9ul.r manual switches. WILL TRADE FOR: value for Postpa(0 sizid.e). 3S 3459 DUMP-CAR, remote control knuckle $5.94 $5.00. HAVE : One Varney HO dockside switcher SEE YOUR DEALER OR MAIL COUPON TODAY test run, two HO Varney freight cars, couplers, one pair of "0" gauge 022 switch­ -- - - "------brand new. One Bantam lIA" airplane motor es, No. 315 illuminated trestle, 153 auto­ B-ERT"WElc�tcc5.: D:;;: MEti" " " 128 So. Hoover St. Los Angeles Calif. (run two hours) with prop, timer, con­ matic block signal 01' any "0" gauge acces­ , 4, S new illustrated folder. denser, mounts and extra sparkplug. sories. Track must be Lionel. Tom Kernan. RU H: 0 FREE o Kit #320·HO size (quantity) ...... WANT: Used motorscooter in good condi­ 1114 Addison, Chicago 13. Illinois. Well. } . • Kit #]]0·0 size (quantity) ..... tion. William Haines. 123 Mott Avenue, 9290 D J Enclosed: ( I check, ( ) money order, Burlington, N. J. ( ) cilsh. HAVE : Pre-war Lionel HOO" gauge train NAME...... HAVE : 68 marbles, 6 sport books, 2 puzzles, with built-in whistle, thl'ee cars, one caboose, Address 2 guns, 1 bike light. 4 comics. WANT: complete with track and transformer, City...... 5tat...... Any Lionel 1<0" gauge equipment. Douglas Chemcraft chemistry set and Daisy BB gun. --...... _------_ ....------Waddell, 206 Albermarle Place, Bellmore, WANT: New Lionel equipment. Malcolm N. Y. Putty, Jr., 424 N. Pine. Harrison, Ark.

HAVE : One Lionel "011 gauge 45 degree crossover. WANT: One American Flyer Classified Advertisements gauge 90 degree crossover. All letters uo" Rate 10 cents per word. per insertion. pay· LIONEL APPROVED answered. Peter Gaenicke. 2916 Franklin able in advance. Copy must be received SERVICE Blvd., Sacramento 17, Calif. on or before the 20th of the second month , , preceding date of issue. Tinplate-Lionel 027 and 0 qauqe Am. Flyer HAVE: MODEL BUILDER from 1937 to S and 0 gauge. 1946; Lionel Magazines from 1934 to 1936; Used items in 0, 027, HO. OQ, and Standard. Model Engineer; Lionel catalogues from LIONEL TRAINS. Bought - Sold - Ex­ List any above-mentioned, 3c stamp each. 1929 to 1946; 1925 Lionel catalogue in per­ changed. Freight and Passenger Car Ex­ 01 Scale-HO and 0 gauge catalogues now ready, fect condition. WANT: Standard gauge change Service. Pioneer Signals, Car Kits, 2Sc each. Refund coupon with catalogue. locos and cars in good condition. Ken Ryan, Hardware, Paints, Decals, Accessories. Model boat or aifPlane lilt, 3c stamp each. 190 West Bm'nsic1e Ave., Bronx 53, N. Y. FREE CATALOGUE. L ESTE R M. �MBER: "Trilor pays the postoge, too." RIEDEL, 352 East 248th Street, Cleveland HAVE : GerJ1lan incendiary bomb (de­ 17, Ohio_ TRILOR HOBBYIST fused ), and other shells. Also American D. #26fJ, N. Dartmouth, M.A. R. F. officer·s bars. Write for list. WANT: MAGNET, "Alnico" 4 oz. Horseshoe, power­ Lionel 022 switches, "0" gauge cal'S ful (lifts about 5 lbs.), $1.00. 8 oz., (lifts (knuckle couplers), or automatic equip­ 10 lbs.) , $1.50 postpaid. Ross, 68D West

ment. James Drennan, Jr .• 1229 Madison Broadway, New York, N. Y. Ave., New York 28, N. Y. USED Lionel. American Flyer gauge "0" HAVE : New gauge engine. whistle locomotive-tenders, f l' e i h t s, passengers, "0" g WHEN IN tender, cars and lighted caboose. TRADE switches, crossovers, track sets, transform­ FOR: Other 110" gauge equipment or small ers, track log loader, magnet cranes, acces­ Pennsylvania power jigsaw. R. C. Ekberg, Montevideo, sories. Write for list and prices. Daniel Minn. Stitelel', Elverson. Pa.

DON'T MISS WANTED : Lionel 731 switches. S. Louis, HAVE : MiniatUl'e figul'es suitable for UOII gauge layout. 47 pieces. anything from 1575 Thieriot Avenue, Bronx 60, N. Y. "Roadside America" tennis players to man with wheelbarrow. WILL TRADE FOR : Two uO" gauge re­ "Working With Plastics" - Published by American Life inMiniature mote control section track or 20 sections Rohm and Haas. Just off the press. Com­ straight. Fremont Ballinger, 556 Baer plete in detail. Beautifully illustrated. Avenue, Hanover, Pa. Available now for the first time. Satisfac­ tion guaranteed 01' your money refunded. The greatest model display ever built is I HAVE : Two transformers with two out­ Only $1.50 C.O.D. Send check or money Roadside America, miles west of Ham­ lets to each track. I WANT: Old train order and save postage. The R. P. M. Com­ 4 engine and cars. Engine must be all there. pany, Dept. M, 1245 - 7th St., Denver 4. burg, between Allentown and Harrisburg, Doesn't have to run. Rex Lary. Pt. Robel,ts, Colo. Wash. Route A great display of Lionel Po. 22. FOR SALE-Limited quantity Profession­ al type Telegraph Signal Keys new $3.75 Trains. WILL TRADE : 9 automatic box type couplers. 4 have roller contact pick-Ups. pair, Toy Electric Motors 110 Volt AC used Open 10 A.M. to 10 P.M. WANTED: 2 pairs 022 automatic switches. $4.25 each, Postage Paid. Few 6 Volt 50 They must have di:rect wiring to trans­ Watt AC transformers, AC-DC Voltmeters. Daily former. R. Lockhart, 451 Main Street, C. R. Preston, 145 S. 11th Street, Oakdale, Sayreville, N. J. Louisiana.

38 MODEL BUILDER NO OTHER COMPANY HAS AS LARGE A STOCK OF NEED ANY REPAIRS? LIONEL EQUIPMENT AND REPLACEMENT PARTS

We mClintain an expertly trained staff, and guarantee repairs for one year. s ssori. e p..c.c.e

for -

to

- LIONEL ILLUMINATED STOP STATION LIONEL REMOTE CONTROL SWITCHES Pair of switches .w ith No. S10.95 pro red and qreen hqbts to indicate position of Iwivel rail. Riqht and loft hand switch. com­ plete with switch con­ uoller and connectinq cable. 9%" lonq, wide. For 027 track.Go/." No. 115 SIS.50 BASCULE BRIDGE Simulated stone construction. Opens at touch of but· 13%" lonq. 9V.. " wide. ton and (lutomatically high. Equipped with (lutomatic8'12" No. 308 - YARD SET, $3.25 stops train. Electrical­ t:ain stopper. IntGrlor Ulumlna­ ly operatGd by molar llon. sWinginq doors. removable enclosed in bl"idqe Ikylight. Lockons and wires lende:·. shack. Heavy Inc:Iuded. Fa: all qaugel. qaugG s t eel. deeply embossed :ivets and platel. 21"" long. No. 153 9V.. " hiqh when AUTOMATIC cloled. BLOCK SIGNAL LIONEL 90 DEGREE Cont:oia locomo­ CROSSOVER KNUCKLE COUPLER TRUCKS tivel automatical_ ly so 2 tra1n.s may Includes whistle and YCll'd limit posts, run at same time tr�spaasing signs, 2 crossing warnings. on same Encunolled while steel. black lettering. without accident.l:ack, f'OI all qauqos, Contaclor includ­ ed. Also ope:ates one t:aln set. For all qauq.s.

SUS A qreat help in makinq intorosling track layouts. 7%" .quare. Black Gnamel Fully Die_cast. bale. For 027 track. Heavy steel wheels. hoavy steel axles. Non-bind PLATE GIRDER BRIDGE bearinqs. With :oUe: conlact pick.up. S2.S0 No. 51.50 each. sa Without :olle: contact pick· up, 51.25 Semi-automatic Box-type Couple:. (4 wheell) •.•. complete 35c each. (2600. Sinqle span 10" long. Can be 2700 & 2900 series only.) �tilDtn used in multiple with strikinq ef­ With operatinq spout. transparent lucile Dy mall, _cia item If'..• %trll. fect. Die cast. with sharply de­ tank. Controller included. fined rivet heads and distinct Flalhol alternate plate ltiffeners. red warning lights No. 38 - LIONEL WATER TOWER Cli train approach­ LIONEL 100·WATT W(ller flowing from inner 10 ouler tank. il e.; ceOles when visible through Iransparenl lucile. Pumping "R" TRANSFORMER train has paSled. device is gear-drivon water pump poworod 9" hiqh. Contact­ . by special Lionel precision-built electriC Durable stool casing: or included. molor. Complete remote control of waler built·in circuit-break_ tank and spout. For aU qauges. 513.95 er; 2 indepondent out­ put circuits, each vari- LIONEL LOCOMOTIVES able from 6 to 24 volts. Ample for operation 1666LT-New Steam Type, Scale Detailed, of train plus accos- 6 Wheel Drivo with Tender. Realistic in sorios. appearance. 519.75 With Whist10 Tender 23.75 Red liqht lignals ap­ 2020LTS-New Lionel Pennsylvania R.R. 100 proach of train: Typo. 20 Wheel. Steam Turbine. Puffs SMOKE PELLETS Sa .,, � gate lowers. Smoke. Wheel Double Worm Drive. With � W hen train has 8 S1.00 GAUGE BUMPER. $2.75 Whistle Tender for "027". S32.50 "0" palsed. light goes "027" BUMPER, $2.50 out and qato 761LTS-Model of Pennsylvania R.H. Stoam SMOKE LAMPS GAUGE TRACK opens. 10Yiz" long. TW"bine. 20 Wheels. witb Smoke. Wheel "0" 75c Straight or curved 30c Contactor. includ...... Double Worm Drive. With WhdtJe8 Tender "027" TRACK ed. For aU qauqel. lor Gauqe. $35.00 "0" Siraiqht or curved 25c Drop and visit our Operating Displays in

MADISON105 EAST 23rd STREET (at 4th Ave.) HARD NEW YORE 10. WAN. Y. REGRamercy CO 5-8482. LIonel'. Olde and Larqe •• Authorlaed. Service Avency Wnce 1909) •• l make' HOBBY-lonn Your lIonu Headquarters , . LIONEL WATER TOWER LIONEL ELECTRIC MOTORS No. 38 1666 SCALE Detailed LOCOMOTIVE Operates on reduced AC or DC 6 Wheel Drive Steam Type with Whistle Tender 3 speed reversible molor. To construction Can LOCO ALONE run $13.95 timell its own weight.lOTI. rut $19.95 $12.95 40 Size x 3%" x 7" 4" $4.95 LIONEL REMOTE CONTROL SWITCHES

TRIPLE·ACTION KNUCKLE LIONEL ILLUMINATED MAGNET CRANE COUPLER STOP STATION $16.50 $22.50 TRUCKS

With Roller ContacL.. _ . _ . . ea...... Sl.50 OIL CAR Without Roller Contact... . _ H•• ea. 2465 ...... Sl.25

BULBS - 14V • 18V $4.00 Screw Base 25c ea. GONDOLA CAR • II'S SMOKE BULBS 2452 027 TRACK Straight or Curved 25c ea. 75c ea. o GAUGE TRACK Straight or $3.95 Curved 30c ea. SMOKE PELLETS FLEXI·TRACK Make your own Straight $1.00 CABOOSE or Curved. Fils 027 or 0 Gauge 87 YO' 2472 long, 58 lies $2.50 per box SEND IN YOUR REPAIRS NOW! $3.�5 PLATE GIRDER BRIDGE $2.50 ======A.LL ITEMS LISTED HERE FOR IMMEDIATE DELIVERY======

SCALE MODEL METAL AUTOS

DOUBLEDECK BUS $1.00 CHRYSLER 79c PACKARD 79c

BUICK 79c DUMP TRUCK 98c LINCOLN 79c 6 WHEEL VAN 1.25 CHRYSLER Airflow 79c 4 WHEEL VAN 98c 98c JEEP TRUCK TRAILER 1.25 STUDEBAKER 79c & AMBULANCE 98c TOW TRUCK 98c All these cars and trucks are MOTOR CYCLE SIDE CAR 79c & scaled for 0 Gauge or 027. They TAXI 98c have demountable rubber tires. I- MAIL ORDERS SEND SELF-ADDRESSED FILLED ENVELOPE FOR FOLDER

IMMEDIATELY AUTHORIZED ADD 5ro FOR HANDLING SHIPPING & LIONEL SERVICE