2020 ANNUAL REPORT Results

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

2020 ANNUAL REPORT Results You see impressive results. 2020 ANNUAL REPORT 2020 ANNUAL We see CASCADES unbreakable commitment. 2020 Annual Report 2020 at a Glance Containerboard Specialty Recovery Packaging Products A Canadian leader A Canadian leader A North American leader in the recovery in industrial and food packaging of recycled fibres 6th largest producer in North America A leading North American producer of honeycomb paperboard Tissue Papers Boxboard 3 1 A leader in tissue papers Europe 1.3 OSHA rate production in Canada 2nd largest producer 4th largest producer of coated recycled in North America boxboard in Europe 3.4 M 82% 80% short tons of recycled fibres of the fibres used to of our mills’ manufacturing are used by our North American manufacture our products waste is put to beneficial use and European paper mills in North America and Europe are recycled 15%4 51%5 22%4 reduction in our energy reduction in our greenhouse reduction in our water consumption since 2010 gas emissions since 1990 consumption since 2010 $244 M 17th 16th Global 100 Most Sustainable Canada’s top 50 corporate Invested in property, plant & equipment, Corporations in the World citizens according to excluding right-of-use assets according to Corporate Knights Corporate Knights $5,157 M Sales 10th consecutive Canada’s Top 100 $665 M year Employers most responsible company according to Mediacorp 2 OIBD and brand according to Quebecers, Canada Inc. as measured by the Barometer of Responsible Consumption $675 M Adjusted OIBD2 1 Via our 57.6% equity ownership in Reno de Medici S.p.A. (at Dec. 31, 2020), a public Italian company. 2 Please refer to the “Forward-looking Statements” and “Supplemental Information on Non-IFRS Measures” sections for more details. 3 OSHA frequency rate: Number of accidents with lost time or temporary assignments or medical treatments X 200,000 hours/hours worked. 4 Intensity: Water (Cubic metres of waste water/Metric tonne of sealable products); Energy (Gigajoules of energy purchased/Metric tonne of sealable products). 5 Intensity. Direct Emissions. Preliminary data. Financial Snapshot (in millions of Canadian dollars, unless otherwise noted) 2020 20191 2018 AS REPORTED Sales 5,157 4,996 4,649 Operating income 366 261 228 % of sales 7.1% 5.2% 4.9% Operating income before depreciation and amortization (OIBD)2 665 550 472 % of sales 12.9% 11.0% 10.2% Net earnings 198 72 57 per share (in dollars) $2.04 $0.77 $0.60 Dividend per share (in dollars) $0.32 $0.24 $0.16 ADJUSTED2 Operating income 376 315 245 % of sales 7.3% 6.3% 5.3% Operating income before depreciation and amortization (OIBD)2 675 604 489 % of sales 13.1% 12.1% 10.5% Net earnings 187 96 79 per share (in dollars) $1.95 $1.02 $0.83 Return on assets2, 3 13.1% 12.0% 10.6% Return on capital employed2, 4 6.2% 5.4% 4.6% FINANCIAL POSITION (AS AT DECEMBER 31) Total assets 5,412 5,188 4,948 Capital employed4 4,313 4,206 3,881 Net debt2 1,679 1,963 1,769 Net debt /adjusted OIBD2 2.5x 3.25x 3.5x Equity attributable to shareholders 1,753 1,492 1,506 per share (in dollars) $17.14 $15.83 $15.99 Working capital as a % of sales7 9.6% 10.1% 10.6% KEY INDICATORS Total shipments (in thousands of short tons (s.t.))5 3,494 3,366 3,225 Manufacturing capacity utilization rate6 93% 92% 93% US$/CAN$ - Average rate $0.75 $0.75 $0.77 1 2019 consolidated results have been adjusted to reflect retrospective adjustments of purchase price allocation. Please refer to Note 5 of the 2020 Audited Consolidated Financial Statements for more details. 2 See “Forward-looking Statements” and “Supplemental Information on Non-IFRS Measures” sections for more details. 3 Return on assets is a non-IFRS measure defined as the last twelve months’ (“LTM”) adjusted OIBD/LTM quarterly average of total assets less cash and cash equivalents. 4 Return on capital employed is a non-IFRS measure and is defined as the after-tax amount of the LTM adjusted operating income, including our share of core associates and joint ventures, divided by the LTM quarterly average of capital employed. Capital employed is defined as the quarterly total average assets less trade and other payables and cash and cash equivalents. 5 Shipments do not take into account the elimination of business sector inter-segment shipments. Shipments from our Specialty Products segment are not presented as it uses different units of measure. 6 Defined as: Manufacturing internal and external shipments/practical capacity. Excluding Specialty Products segment manufacturing activities. 7 Working capital includes accounts receivable (excluding the short-term portion of other assets) plus inventories less trade and other payables. Percentage of sales = Average LTM working capital/LTM sales. It includes or excludes significant business acquisitions and disposals. Financial Highlights Symbol: CAS 102.3 million 133.7 million Common shares Total number of common (ON THE TORONTO STOCK EXCHANGE) outstanding shares traded as at December 31, 2020 in 2020 S&P / TSX $0.08 2.2% Quarterly dividend Annual Indices per share dividend yield in 2020 as at December 31, 2020 - COMPOSITE - SMALL CAP $17.62 $9.94 Intraday high Intraday low - DIVIDEND in 2020 in 2020 - RENEWABLE ENERGY & CLEAN TECHNOLOGY $1.49 billion Moody’s: Ba2 (stable) Market capitalization as at December 31, 2020 S&P: BB- (stable) Corporate credit ratings as at December 31, 2020 Cascades Share Price Performance in 2020 100 $14.55 as at December 31, 2020 1600 1400 1200 1000 an eb March Aprl May une ul Au ept t No e ASS losing price ($ Cascades Inc.’s 2020 Annual Information Form will be available, upon request, from the Corporation’s head Table of office as of March 30, 2021. The document will also be accessible via the Corpora- tion’s website (www.cascades.com) and will be filed on Contents SEDAR (www.sedar.com) as of this date. On peut se procurer la version française du présent rapport annuel en s’adressant au siège social de la Société à l’adresse suivante : Secrétaire corporatif Message from Alain Lemaire Cascades inc. 04 404, boulevard Marie-Victorin Executive Chairman of the Board Kingsey Falls (Québec) J0A 1B0 A Committed Partnership Message from Mario Plourde 06 President and Chief Executive Officer An Unbreakable Determination Our Values, 10 our Commitment Financial Information 13 Management’s Discussion and Analysis, Management’s Transfer Agent and Registrar Report, Independent Auditor’s Computershare Shareholders Services Report and Consolidated 1500 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard Suite 700 Financial Statements Montréal, Québec H3A 3S8 Canada Telephone: 514-982-7555 Toll-free (Canada): 1-800-564-6253 Raw Materials and Fax: 514-982-7635 130 Overview of our Results [email protected] Cascades Head Office 132 Worldwide Cascades Inc. 404 Marie-Victorin Blvd. Kingsey Falls, Québec J0A 1B0 Canada Telephone: 819-363-5100 Fax: 819-363-5155 Investor Relations Cascaders on the cover page: Cascades Inc. 772 Sherbrooke Street West Suite 100 Jessica Carbonneau, Production Manager Montréal, Québec H3A 1G1 Canada Parfait Mutwarangabo, Security Guard Jennifer Aitken, MBA Van-An Dang Vu, Continuous Improvement Director, Investor Relations and Quality Coordinator [email protected] Telephone : 514-282-2697 Stéphane Couture, Welder www.cascades.com/investors 3 Alain Lemaire Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors 4 2020 Annual Report A Committed Partnership Dear Shareholders, 2020 was a difficult year in many respects and the tragic human toll and global economic contraction caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will forever be etched in our collective memories. Cascades is proud to have counted itself among those companies in a position to deliver essential products and services during this time of great crisis. We fulfilled this mission in a professional, efficient and dependable manner all through the year. During times of great uncertainty and turbulence, more than ever, the members of the Cascades Board of Directors must actively engage with Senior Management to successfully carry out their roles and responsibilities. Over the past year, this involved regular updates and rigorous appraisals of the Corporation’s COVID-19 action plans, including the steps taken to safeguard production continuity, ensure supply chain integrity and management, and provide employees with compre- hensive health protocols for the workplace and with personal support when it was needed. Equally central was the priority to communicate and coordinate proactively with customers to ensure their dynamic demand needs were being met. The Board’s engagement encompasses more than provi- obstacles. The events of the past year serve as a reminder ding an additional layer of operational and financial that companies like Cascades can have an important role to vigilance during periods of instability. It also involves com- play in society, and can have a positive impact by working prehensive and continuous oversight of a multitude of together with all of their stakeholders. This engagement to business risks and practices, be they environmental, social, social responsibility has always been a central tenet of or governance related. The first of these, sustainability, has Cascades and the decisions it makes, and is one that the been ingrained in the Corporation’s internal and business Corporation remains resolutely committed to. practices for decades. This commitment is well illustrated by the Corporation’s MSCI ESG Rating of A and was further I would be remiss if I did not take this opportunity to thank recognized by Cascades’ being ranked 17th in the Top 100 Mr. Louis Garneau who will be retiring from the Board after Most Sustainable Corporations in the World—placing first in 25 years of loyal service.
Recommended publications
  • What We Know About Growth Mindset from Scientific Research by Carissa Romero
    What We Know About Growth Mindset from Scientific Research by carissa romero july 2015 Growth Mindset: What is It? A growth mindset is the belief that intelligence can be developed. Students with a growth mindset understand they can get smarter through hard work, the use of effective strategies, and help from others when needed. It is contrasted with a fixed mindset: the belief that intelligence is a fixed trait that is set in stone at birth. Why Does It Matter? about proving their ability or avoiding “looking dumb.” Students’ beliefs about intelligence have important This can lead students to avoid challenges and give up consequences for how they experience school when they struggle. But when students hold a growth and how they respond to setbacks and adversity. mindset, they may experience school as an exciting When students hold a fixed mindset, school can be place to grow, embracing challenges as opportunities a threatening place because they may be worried to develop mastery.1 FIXED MINDSET GROWTH MINDSET Belief that ability is a fixed trait that Belief that ability is malleable and can Definition cannot change be developed Effort is bad; if you’re smart, you Interpretation of effort Effort is good; it’s how you get better shouldn’t have to work hard What matters is looking smart, so you What matters is learning, so you can Motivation in school can prove your ability improve your ability Resilience; setback is a sign that you Behavioral response to Helplessness; setback is a sign that need to work harder or try academic setbacks you don’t have what it takes a new strategy Failure is the end of the story: time to Failure is the beginning of the story: time Meaning of failure give up to try again SOURCE: MASTER, A.
    [Show full text]
  • Infra Oct03 An
    CONSTRUCTION • PUBLIC WORKS • NATURAL RESOURCES Volume 8, Number 9 • October 2003 Welcome to InfraStructures CONSTRUCTION • TRAVAUX PUBLICS • RESSOURCES NATURELLES Volume 8 Number 9 Until recently, InfraStructures has been read mainly by French speaking October 2003 users of heavy machinery. Over the last seven years, InfraStructures has become a leader in its field. First by becoming the only magazine covering all aspects of the industry published in French in Canada. Then by being the first to publish all its editorial content on the web, and also by being the only construction magazine, published in French, having a significant readership outside the Province of Quebec. ÉDITOR / PUBLISHER Jean-François Villard For many years, we have received requests for an English version of InfraStructures. Technical limitations, and the lack of advertising revenue have prevented us from publishing such a magazine in print. Now, with the ADVERTISING extent of the use of Internet by professionals, we feel that the time as come MONTRÉAL for a portable digital file (.pdf) version of InfraStructures in English. Jean-François Villard André Charlebois While the content of the English version differs slightly from the original, most of the important news will be published in English. In the near future, QUEBEC City more and more of the content of the original will be translated into English. Gilbert Marquis (418) 651-1176 With over 500 visitors per day on average, spending over 13 minutes per visit, the website of InfraStructures in one of the most important sites of this kind. More than two thirds of the visitors come from outside Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservatism and Pragmatism in Law, Politics and Ethics
    TOWARDS PRAGMATIC CONSERVATISM: A REVIEW OF SETH VANNATTA’S CONSERVATISM AND PRAGMATISM IN LAW, POLITICS, AND ETHICS Allen Mendenhall* At some point all writers come across a book they wish they had written. Several such books line my bookcases; the latest of which is Seth Vannatta’s Conservativism and Pragmatism in Law, Politics, and Ethics.1 The two words conservatism and pragmatism circulate widely and with apparent ease, as if their import were immediately clear and uncontroversial. But if you press strangers for concise definitions, you will likely find that the signification of these words differs from person to person.2 Maybe it’s not just that people are unwilling to update their understanding of conservatism and pragmatism—maybe it’s that they cling passionately to their understanding (or misunderstanding), fearing that their operative paradigms and working notions of 20th century history and philosophy will collapse if conservatism and pragmatism differ from some developed expectation or ingrained supposition. I began to immerse myself in pragmatism in graduate school when I discovered that its central tenets aligned rather cleanly with those of Edmund Burke, David Hume, F. A. Hayek, Michael Oakeshott, and Russell Kirk, men widely considered to be on the right end of the political spectrum even if their ideas diverge in key areas.3 In fact, I came to believe that pragmatism reconciled these thinkers, that whatever their marked intellectual differences, these men believed certain things that could be synthesized and organized in terms of pragmatism.4 I reached this conclusion from the same premise adopted by Vannatta: “Conservatism and pragmatism[] .
    [Show full text]
  • Religiosity, Mindset, and Math Achievement
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@CSP (Concordia University St. Paul) Concordia University St. Paul DigitalCommons@CSP Concordia University Portland Graduate CUP Ed.D. Dissertations Research 5-1-2019 Religiosity, Mindset, and Math Achievement Kathryn Luebke Concordia University - Portland, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csp.edu/cup_commons_grad_edd Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Luebke, K. (2019). Religiosity, Mindset, and Math Achievement (Thesis, Concordia University, St. Paul). Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.csp.edu/cup_commons_grad_edd/320 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia University Portland Graduate Research at DigitalCommons@CSP. It has been accepted for inclusion in CUP Ed.D. Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@CSP. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Concordia University - Portland CU Commons Ed.D. Dissertations Graduate Theses & Dissertations 5-2019 Religiosity, Mindset, and Math Achievement Kathryn Luebke Concordia University - Portland Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.cu-portland.edu/edudissertations Part of the Education Commons CU Commons Citation Luebke, Kathryn, "Religiosity, Mindset, and Math Achievement" (2019). Ed.D. Dissertations. 305. https://commons.cu-portland.edu/edudissertations/305 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Theses & Dissertations at CU Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ed.D. Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CU Commons. For more information, please contact libraryadmin@cu- portland.edu. Concordia University–Portland College of Education Doctorate of Education Program WE, THE UNDERSIGNED MEMBERS OF THE DISSERTATION COMMITTEE CERTIFY THAT WE HAVE READ AND APPROVE THE DISSERTATION OF Kathryn Louise Luebke CANDIDATE FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF EDUCATION Belle B.
    [Show full text]
  • Pragmatism and Progressivism in the Educational Thought and Practices of Booker T
    PRAGMATISM AND PROGRESSIVISM IN THE EDUCATIONAL THOUGHT AND PRACTICES OF BOOKER T. WASHINGTON Ronald E. Chennault DePaul University Few men, particularly Black men, have wielded the power and influence of Booker T. Washington during his lifetime. A good deal of his colorful life is recounted in his autobiography, Up from Slavery.1 Here Washington details the most notable events of his life, from the time he spent in slavery as a youth, to his exploits and education during his adolescence, and well into his career as head of the then-Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute in Alabama. Washington tells of his experiences at present-day Hampton University and the extraordinary influence the lessons he learned and the people he met there had on his life philosophy. He also reserves a large part of his story to describe numerous occasions during which he spread his institution’s seeds of success and offered his advice on improving America’s race relations. Yet as revealing as his account is, both by reading its lines and between its lines, Washington’s autobiography represents only a piece of his life’s puzzle. If Washington is the “trickster” that Harlan imagines and McElroy argues,2 a fairer and fuller understanding of Washington’s wizardry necessitates moving beyond his autobiography. Restricting our understanding of Washington to his self-representation in Up from Slavery (even extending to his photographic self-representation)3 and allowing his account to epitomize his worldview does more than “oversimplify Washington . it further contributes to the uncritical acceptance of Washington’s propagandistic portrayal of Tuskegee’s goals, programs, and accomplishments.”4 Many gaps in his life story can be filled by consulting primary sources such as Washington’s writings and speeches as well as by looking to extensive biographical and numerous scholarly works on Washington.
    [Show full text]
  • Mindsets and Skills That Promote Long-Term Learning
    Academic Tenacity Mindsets and Skills that Promote Long-Term Learning Carol S. Dweck | Gregory M. Walton | Geoffrey L. Cohen Table of Contents Introduction 2 Defining Academic Tenacity 4 Measuring Tenacity and Its Effects on Achievement 5 Mindsets and Goals 5 Social Belonging 11 Self-Regulation and Self-Control 12 Interventions that Improve Academic Achievement by Developing Tenacity 14 Mindset Interventions 15 Social Belonging and Value Affirmation Interventions 17 Identity and Self-Relevance Interventions 19 Teaching Self-Regulation 21 Integrating Curricula with Practices that Promote Academic Tenacity 21 How Good Teachers and Schools Foster Academic Tenacity 22 Challenge 22 Scaffolding 26 Belonging 30 Endnotes 33 The authors would like to acknowledge David Paunesku and David Yeager for their valuable assistance with this report and KSA-Plus Communications for its editorial and design assistance. Academic Tenacity | 1 Introduction In a nationwide survey of high school dropouts, 69 percent said that school had not motivated or inspired them to work hard.1 In fact, many of the students who remain in school are not motivated or inspired either, and the more time students spend in K–12 education the worse it gets.2 This lack of motivation to do well in school represents a serious loss of human potential, with implications for students’ well-being later in life and for our country’s future economic growth. What prevents students from working hard in school? Is it something about them or is it something about school? More important, is there a solution to this problem? Most educational reforms focus on curriculum and pedagogy—what material is taught and how it is taught.
    [Show full text]
  • Third Quarter 2020
    THIRD QUARTER 2020 - QUARTERLY REPORT - PRESENTATION - PRESS RELEASES NORSKE SKOG QUARTERLY REPORT – THIRD QUARTER 2020 (UNAUDITED) 2 ││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││││ INTRODUCTION Norske Skog is a world leading producer of publication paper with Of the four mills in Europe, two will produce recycled containerboard strong market positions in Europe and Australasia. Publication paper following planned conversion projects. In addition to the traditional includes newsprint and magazine paper. Norske Skog operates six publication paper business, Norske Skog aims to further diversify its mills in five countries, with an annual production capacity of 2.3 million operations and continue its transformation into a growing and high- tonnes. Four of the mills are located in Europe, one in Australia and margin business through a range of exciting fibre projects. one in New Zealand. The group also operates a pellet facility in New Zealand. Newsprint and magazine paper is sold through sales offices The parent company, Norske Skog ASA, is incorporated in Norway and and agents to over 80 countries. The group has approximately 2 300 has its head office at Skøyen in Oslo. The company is listed on Oslo employees. Stock Exchange with the ticker NSKOG. KEY FIGURES NOK MILLION Q3 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2019 YTD 2020 YTD 2019 INCOME STATEMENT
    [Show full text]
  • Born As Twins - Papermaking and Recycling
    1 Born as twins - papermaking and recycling Boris Fuchs, Frankenthal, Germany Abstract: It will be shown that in the year 105 AD., when the purchasing administrator at the Chinese Emperor’s Court, G-ii Ltm, invented, or better said, recorded the papermaking process, it was common practice to recycle used textile clothes, fishing nets and the hemp material of ropes to get a better and cheaper (less labour intensive) raw material for papermaking than the bark of mulberry trees, bamboo and china grass. When the art of papemaking, on its long march through the Arabian World, came to Europe, used textile rags were the only raw material, thus recycling was again closely related to papermaking, and to secure the paper-maker’s business base, it was strictly forbidden to export textile rags to other countries. Despite heavy punishments, smuggling flourished at that time. The &inking process was invented in 1774 by Julius Claproth and bleaching by Claude Louis Berthollet in 1785, but with the introduction of ground wood in 1845 by Friedrich Keller, recycling lost its preferential status in the paper manufacmring industry by the second half of the 20ti century, when economic considerations, especially in Central Europe, caused its comeback, long before ecological demands forced its reintroduction and environmental legislation was set in place. Thus recycling with papermaking is not an invention of the present time, but a twin arrangement right from the beginning. For the future, a certain balance between primary and secondary fibre input should be kept to avoid any collapse in the paper strength by too often repeated recycling., also to assist the forest industry in keeping our forests clean and healthy.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Extending the Legacy of Morris Janowitz: Pragmatism, International
    Extending the Legacy of Morris Janowitz: Pragmatism, International Relations and Peacekeeping Patricia Shields Texas State University [email protected] Joseph Soeters Netherlands Defence Academy Tilburg University [email protected] Presented at the European Group on Military and Society (ERGOMAS) Biannual Conference, June 4-7, 2013, Madrid 1 Introduction The use of force in international relations has been so altered that it seems appropriate to speak of constabulary forces, rather than of military forces. The constabulary concept provides a continuity with past military experiences and traditions ….. The constabulary outlook is grounded in, and extends, pragmatic doctrine Janowitz, 1971 p. 418 “Peacekeeping is intended to assist in the creation and maintenance of conditions conducive to long-term conflict resolution” (Bellamy et al, p.95). The resolution of these conflicts, however, is often facilitated by mediation efforts within and between nations and may not adhere to any particular traditional theory of international relations (IR). Peace support operations are carried out by dynamic international coalitions mostly under the aegis of the United Nations (UN), sometimes headed by other alliances such as NATO, the European Union or the African Union. Unfortunately, their record is mixed at best. They represent an important type of sub-national nexus event, which requires the development of new approaches to international relations theories. Throughout Europe, for example, nations are reshaping their militaries to take on new missions (Furst and Kummel 2011). Peace support and stability operations are chief among them. Conventional international relations theory, however, is weakly suited for making sense of and explaining these missions. Long-established approaches to international relations such as realism and liberal internationalism share assumptions about how the world operates.1 Unfortunately, in many international disputes strict adherence to fundamentalist thinking tends to reinforce 1 E.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Augusta Newsprint: Paper Mill Pursues Five Projects Following Plant-Wide Energy Efficiency Assessment
    Forest Products BestPractices Plant-Wide Assessment Case Study Industrial Technologies Program—Boosting the productivity and competitiveness of U.S. industry through improvements in energy and environmental performance Augusta Newsprint: Paper Mill Pursues Five Projects Following Plant-Wide Energy Efficiency Assessment BENEFITS Summary • Saves an estimated 11,000 MWh of Augusta Newsprint undertook a plant-wide energy efficiency assessment of its Augusta, electricity annually Georgia, plant in the spring and summer of 2001. The objectives of the assessment were to • Saves an estimated $1.6 million identify systems and operations that were good candidates for energy-efficiency improvements, annually from energy reduction and then ascertain specific energy saving projects. The assessment team identified the thermo- other improvements mechanical pulp (TMP) mill, the recycled newsprint plant (RNP), and the No. 1 and No. 2 • Improves system efficiency and paper machines area as the systems and operations on which to focus. The project evaluation reliability process was unique for two reasons, (1) much of the steam is a by-product of the TMP process and, because it is essentially “free,” it precludes opportunities for steam conservation • Produces a more consistent product initiatives; and (2) the company is reportedly Georgia’s largest electricity customer and • Project paybacks range from consequently has very favorable rates. 4.3 to 21.4 months Despite these perceived disincentives, the company found strong economic justification for five projects that would reduce electricity consumption. Four of the five projects, when complete, will save the company 11,000 MWh of electrical energy each year ($369,000 per year). The APPLICATION remaining project will produce more than $300,000 each year in the sale of a process The Augusta Newsprint plant-wide byproduct (turpentine).
    [Show full text]
  • A Historical Geography of the Paper Industry in the Wisconsin River Valley
    A HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE PAPER INDUSTRY IN THE WISCONSIN RIVER VALLEY By [Copyright 2016] Katie L. Weichelt Submitted to the graduate degree program in Geography& Atmospheric Science and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. James R. Shortridge ________________________________ Dr. Jay T. Johnson ________________________________ Dr. Stephen Egbert ________________________________ Dr. Kim Warren ________________________________ Dr. Phillip J. Englehart Date Defended: April 18, 2016 The Dissertation Committee for Katie L. Weichelt certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: A HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE PAPER INDUSTRY IN THE WISCONSIN RIVER VALLEY ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. James R. Shortridge Date approved: April 18, 2016 ii Abstract The paper industry, which has played a vital social, economic, and cultural role throughout the Wisconsin River valley, has been under pressure in recent decades. Technology has lowered demand for paper and Asian producers are now competing with North American mills. As a result, many mills throughout the valley have been closed or purchased by nonlocal corporations. Such economic disruption is not new to this region. Indeed, paper manufacture itself emerged when local businessmen diversified their investments following the decline of the timber industry. New technology in the late nineteenth century enabled paper to be made from wood pulp, rather than rags. The area’s scrub trees, bypassed by earlier loggers, produced quality pulp, and the river provided a reliable power source for new factories. By the early decades of the twentieth century, a chain of paper mills dotted the banks of the Wisconsin River.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Print Paper During the 19Th Century
    Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Charleston Library Conference Changes in Print Paper During the 19th Century AJ Valente Paper Antiquities, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/charleston An indexed, print copy of the Proceedings is also available for purchase at: http://www.thepress.purdue.edu/series/charleston. You may also be interested in the new series, Charleston Insights in Library, Archival, and Information Sciences. Find out more at: http://www.thepress.purdue.edu/series/charleston-insights-library-archival- and-information-sciences. AJ Valente, "Changes in Print Paper During the 19th Century" (2010). Proceedings of the Charleston Library Conference. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284314836 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. CHANGES IN PRINT PAPER DURING THE 19TH CENTURY AJ Valente, ([email protected]), President, Paper Antiquities When the first paper mill in America, the Rittenhouse Mill, was built, Western European nations and city-states had been making paper from linen rags for nearly five hundred years. In a poem written about the Rittenhouse Mill in 1696 by John Holme it is said, “Kind friend, when they old shift is rent, Let it to the paper mill be sent.” Today we look back and can’t remember a time when paper wasn’t made from wood-pulp. Seems that somewhere along the way everything changed, and in that respect the 19th Century holds a unique place in history. The basic kinds of paper made during the 1800s were rag, straw, manila, and wood pulp.
    [Show full text]