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Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae) from China, with Three Newly Recorded Species

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Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae) from China, with Three Newly Recorded Species Entomotaxonomia (2014) 36(2): 105–118 ISSN 1000–7482 Review of Fascellina Walker (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae) from China, with three newly recorded species CUI Le1, 2, ZHANG Chuntian1, LIN Sheng3, HAN Hongxiang2① 1. College of Chemistry and Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, China 2. Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 3. Management Bureau of Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Wuyishan, Fujian 354315, China Abstract: The genus Fascellina Walker, 1860 in China is reviewed. In total six species are recognized. Three species are recorded as new to the fauna of China: Fascellina porphyreofusa Hampson, 1895, F. inornata Warren, 1893 and F. rectimarginata Warren, 1894. The diagnoses of the genus and species, descriptions of the genus and newly recorded species, key to species and illustrations of the adults and genitalia are provided. Key words: Ditrysia; Geometroidea; taxonomy; biogeography CLC number: Q969.433.2 Document code: A Article ID: 1000-7482(2014)02-0105-14 中国片尺蛾属分类订正并记三新纪录种(鳞翅目：尺蛾科：灰尺蛾 亚科) 1, 2 1 3 2① 崔 乐 ，张春田 ，林 盛 ，韩红香 1. 沈阳师范大学化学与生命科学学院，辽宁 沈阳 110034；2. 中国科学院动物研究所动物进化与系统学重点实验室，北京 100101；3. 福建武夷山国家级自然保护区管理局，福建 武夷山 354315 摘要：记录中国分布的片尺蛾属 6 种，并记述中国 3 新纪录种：黑片尺蛾 Fascellina porphyreofusa Hampson, 1895; F. inornata Warren, 1893; F. rectimarginata Warren, 1894。文中提供了属种描述和鉴别特 征，给出了种检索表及成虫和外生殖器图。 关键词：双孔次亚目；尺蛾总科；分类；生物地理 Introduction The genus Fascellina, a member of Ennominae, was described by Walker (1860) based on F. chromataria Walker, 1860. He later described another 4 species from India to Southeast Asia (Walker 1866). Warren (1893, 1894, 1896, 1897, 1898) contributed the most important work on this genus, describing 10 species from the same regions as Walker. Prout (1916, 1925, Received 8 January 2014. Published 25 June 2014 ①Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected] 106 Entomotaxonomia (2014) 36(2): 105–118 1928, 1931, 1932) recognized a total of 8 species in this genus. Inoue (1955, 1992) described a subspecies of F. chromataria from Japan and another species from Nepal; both now considered synonyms. Holloway (1976, 1994) recorded 12 species in Borneo, including 4 new species. Parsons et al. (1999) listed 28 species in Fascellina in the catalogue of Geometrid Moths of the World. Stüning (2000) recorded 4 species in Nepal and recognized 2 synonyms, including F. fuscoviridis Warren, which was synonymized with F. inornata but not indicated as new in Parsons et al. (1999). At present, a total of 27 species in the genus are considered valid worldwide. Only 3 species have been recorded from China before this present work. Wehrli (1939) initially recorded 2 species of Fascellina in the fauna of China: F. chromataria Walker, 1860 and F. plagiata (Walker, 1866), which are widely distributed in China (Xue 1992a, b, 1993, 1997, 2001; Xue et al. 2002; Xue & Han 2005; Han & Xue 2004; Wang 1998; Ades & Kendrick 2004). Another species from this genus, F. subsignata Warren, 1893, was mentioned from Taiwan by Wang (1998). In this paper, six species in the genus Fascellina Walker, 1860 are recognized, including three newly recorded species: F. porphyreofusa Hampson, 1895, F. inornata Warren, 1893 and F. rectimarginata Warren, 1894. Descriptions of the genus and species, key to species and illustrations of the adults and genitalia are provided. Material and methods Specimens of Fascellina Walker, 1860 were collected by light traps. The specimens studied were mainly from the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (IZCAS). Terminology of the wing venation follows the Comstock-Needham System (Comstock 1918) and that of the genitalia is based on Pierce (1914), Sibatani et al. (1954), Klots (1970) and Nichols (1989). Photographs of the adult moths and their genitalia were taken with digital cameras, and the plates were compiled using Adobe Photoshop software. Description Fascellina Walker, 1860 Fascellina Walker, 1860: 67, 215. Type species: Fascellina chromataria Walker, 1860. Generic characters. Head. Antennae filiform in both sexes, ciliated in male. Frons rough-scaled, slightly to moderately protruding. Labial palpus protruded beyond frons. Thorax. Hind tibia not dilated, without hair-pencil in male, two pairs of spurs present. Wing pattern. Costa of forewing straight, or slightly concaved at middle part, curved near pointed apex, sometimes distinctly falcated; outer margin nearly straight; anal angle of forewing and apex of hindwing usually with incisions. Inner margin of forewing usually concave near anal angle. Outer margin of hindwing curved, semicircular, or straight. Antemedial line of forewing wavy, straight or curved; medial line present or not; postmedial line angled, sometimes with white patches; wavy subterminal line present or not. Postmedial line of hindwing curved or straight, doubled and sometimes with white scales between two lines; subterminal line wavy or arc-like or absent. Base of forewing without fovea. Underside. CUI et al. Fascellina from China 107 Forewing with white scales; postmedial line protruded between R5 and M1, accompanied by a band inside. Venation. Sc and R1 connected with a bar on forewing; R1 stalked with R2; R2 and R3+4 connected with a bar, sometimes the same case in R1+2 and R3+4. Abdomen. The third sternite of male abdomen without setal comb. Male genitalia. Uncus long stick-like, or bifid. Gnathos with median process needle-like, hook-like or a small process. Tegumen usually with membrane, scobinate, sometimes absent. Juxta often forming a pair of asymmetrical furca, with the left arm generally longer than the right one, sometimes both arms with a bundle of setae at apexes, occasionally the right arm degenerated. Anellus a pair of irregularly shaped plates. Saccus usually expanded and with anterior margin concave at middle and with two lateral protrusions. Valva wide or gradually narrowed; costa slightly curved or straight; sacculus narrow and small, sometimes undeveloped. Aedeagus often slender, cornutus a bundle of spines, or a simple sclerite, or absent. Coremata present or not. Female genitalia. Papilla analis oval. Apophyses anteriores shorter than apophyses posteriores. Lamella antevaginalis long striped, or divided into two parts with a gap in the middle, sometimes unmodified; lamella postvaginalis usually wide, sometimes wrinkled. Ductus bursae sclerotized; wrinkled and rough. Corpus bursae circled or oval; signum usually present, occasionally absent. Diagnosis. Externally, the genus is similar to Corymica Walker, 1860 for having an excavation on the forewing inner margin. But in Fascellina, the apex of forewing is protruded outwards; the colour of wings is various, green, deep green, puce or brown; the postmedial line is angled on forewing; the postmedial line of hindwing is doubled. On the underside of forewing, the postmedial line with a brown fascia crosses the whole wing, and sharply protrudes at R5 to M1. In the male genitalia, the juxta often forms a sclerotized plate with a pair of asymmetrical furca, the left arm is generally longer than the right one, and sometimes the right side becomes degenerate. Distribution. China; Japan; Korea; India; Bhutan; Nepal; Myanmar; Himalaya; Vietnam; Sri Lanka; Malaysia; Indonesia. Biological note. Recorded host plants are all Lauraceae: Alseodaphne, Cinnamomum, Litsea, Machilus, Phoebe, Illicium (Holloway 1994; Sugi 1987). Parsons et al. (1999) listed Litsea polyantha, Persea gamblei, Phoebe lanceolata for F. chromataria and Cinnamomum zeylanicum for F. plagiata. Key to Chinese Fascellina species 1. Forewing with discal spot···············································································································F. chromataria -. Forewing without discal spot································································································································· 2 2. Apex of forewing falcate; outer margin of hindwing straight, sharply angled at the end of Rs·························· ······················································································································································ F. porphyreofusa -. Apex of forewing not falcate; outer margin of hindwing curved or semicircular, round at the end of Rs········ 3 3. Postmedial line of hindwing wavy; saccular process present···················································F. rectimarginata -. Postmedial line of hindwing straight; saccular process absent ············································································ 4 4. Subterminal line silvery, wavy; whitish patches present between silvery postmedial and subterminal lines ···· ································································································································································ F. inornata -. Subterminal and postmedial line not as above, no whitish patches between these two lines····························· 5 108 Entomotaxonomia (2014) 36(2): 105–118 5. A large greyish brown anal patch present on forewing; subterminal line on hindwing less protruding at middle·····················································································································································F. plagiata -. A large greyish brown anal patch absent on forewing; subterminal line on hindwing strongly protruding at middle·················································································································································F.
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