Liistory of GUJA
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A liiSTORY OF GUJA .... I FROM THE EARLIEST PERIOD TO THE PRESE:NT \ TIME EDALJI DOSABHAI, Retired Deputy Collccto1', Ahmaddbdd. •!!!• PRI~TED AT '!'he Pt~ite,l Printing and General ~-\geucy Company's Pr·e~lil by Ranchodlal Gungaram: 4lDUPABAD, 1894. ~ ( All Rights Reserved, includin,g the right of tl·anslation ), Retjistered unde1· Act XXV of 1807. Price Three Rupees. T0 G. I!OILEA U P.ElD, E;)QUII1E, IXDIAN CIVIL SER\ICE, COMMISSIOXll:R OF TilE NORTHER~ DIVISION OF THE Bo:'llBA Y PRESTOE.:\CY, THIS HISTORY OF A PROi'"I~CE WITH TH!i: AmiiNISTRA TIOS OF WHICH HE IIAS flEEN SO LOXG AND HONOURABLY ASSOCIATED 13 RESPECTFCLLY DEDfCATED, AS A TOKF:N OF 3INCERE GRATITUDE AND ESTEEM, BY TBE; AL"THOR. PREFACE. The want of a connected History of the province of Gujar&t having been greatly felt so far back as the year 1S5o,' the Gujartl.t Vernacular Society, then only recently started under the fostering care of the lamented 1\Ir. A. K. Fo1·bes, advertised that a prize would be awarded for such a history written in the vernacular. The present write1· was at that time one of the senior pupil~ in the Government English School, and de· pending mainly on Bird's Translation of the Mirat-i-Ahmadi and Grant Duff's History of the .MaratMs, he set himself to compile a brief compendium of the History of Gujarat. 'l'he book was ap· proved of by the Society, and the prize was duly awarded. Mr. Forbes, in his report of the Society for 1850, wrote as follows:- " While on this subject, I may add that I have in my possession a compilation by Edalji Dosabhai, written in very good Gujarati, and giving a useful summary of the History of the province. 'l'bis may be published imme diately, and may be a very gooJ school-book". Doctor Seaward, in the report of the following year, stated:- " The second publication is the History of Gujarat by EJalji Dosabhai. It is essentially a school-book and a very useful one too, and is now used in all the Verna cular schools of the city. Two hundred copies were puulisbed, of which very few remain". * * • The author having soon afterwards obtained service under Gorernment, be could not command the leisure necessary for revising and republishing the work. Portions o! it, however, were admitted into several of ~~~ ear~er educational te~_t books. Il and Mr .• Bajibhai Amicha.nd, the proprietor of one of the verna· cular presses at Ahmad&.bd.d,, published a third edition on his own responsibility. · On his retirement from GoYernmei:lt service, the compiler became desirous of re-issuing the book. Since its first public ation, however, in 1850, a vast amount of additional information Las become available from the Ras Mala, a storehouse of Gnjarati folk-lore, and from the researches of Dr. Biibler and other. eminent scholars. The author also thought it desir~ble to con· tinue the History to the present time, placing under contribu· tion for this purpose several of tl1e volumes of tl!e Bombay Gazetteer and the official Administration Reports. In the hope that such a connected History from the earliest to the latest times may prove useful not only to students iu Gujarat itself but to all who take an interest in the country, the author, acting on the advice of several of his friends, undertook to com· pile the work in English. He was greatly encouraged in Lis endeavours by the Rev. George P. Taylor, B. D., of the Irish Pi·esbyteriali Mission, author of the Student's Gnjaniti Grammar~ With a. view to ensure correct English idiom and general accu racy, this gentleman very kindly undertoc•k to revise the manu script, and he further supplied several books on loan from Lis valuable library. Indeed it is owing largely to his cordial as sist:mce and encouragement that the work has now been brought to completion, and the author takes the present opportunity of upressing l1is grateful acknowledgments to his kind and es teemed friend. He is also under deep obligation to :Mr. E. Giles, 11. A., Educational Inspector, ~.D., for his kindness in going through the whole of the manuscript and for many useful sug· fl'esiions and corrections. His warm interest in the work has 0 gtea.tly eneouraged the author to proceed "'ith its publication.· III The information eontained in this Ilistory haa been gathered mainly from the undermentioned sources:- 1. Mr. A. K. Forbes's Ras Mala. 2. Mr. Bird's Translation of the Mirat-i-Ahmadi. 3. Sir E. C. Bayley's Local Muhammadan Dynasties of Gujarat. 4. I.ieut. Col. J. W. Watson's History of Gujanl.t. 5. Grant Duff's History of the Maratlu~ll. G. Volumes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the Bomb:ty Gazetteer. 7. Administration Reports. Several otl1er trustworthy works by eminent scholars such as Sir William Hunter's Indian Empire, Lieut. Col. Tod's Rajas than, :Mr. Dutt's Ancient India, Mr. Eliot's Rulers of Baroda, and Elphinstone's History ofGujarat have also been of much use. In the spelling of proper names the Hunter ian system Las been followed in the maio. For the sake of ready reference, in addition to the usual index a detailed chronological summary bas been given in the Table of Contents. In conclusion the author Legs to state that in the hope of making the book as useful as possible, he l1as spared no pains to obtain full and accurate information i and he will feel himself amply rewarded, should his work meet with the approbation of the reading public and especially of scholars interested in the annals of Guj<nat. CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS~ PART I. HINDU PERIOD. DATE. SrBJECT. P.AGEo CHAPTER I. jj, C. 1400 Subjugation of OkMmandal by Kt'ishna 2 1400 The Pandavs in Onjarat ! !r63-222 Rule of Ashoka the Great 2 57 The Vikramaditya or Sam vat et'a 5 A. D. 78 The Saka Salivahana era. 5 1st century Ka-nisbka.'s Conquest of Gujarat 3 144 Foundation of Wadnagar 3 i0-3i8 The Kshatrap rulers 3 319-470 The Gautamputras and the Guptas ... 3 471-628 The Valabhi Kings 4 479 Fo11ndation of Valabhipur 4 629-645 Houen '£siang's visit to Valabhipur ... 5 (i50 Destruction of Valabhipur 7 650 Re-establishment of kingdom at Panchasar .. ! 7 696 Conquest of Panclu.l.sar by Bhuwar Rdja 8 69G Birth of Van Raj Chavada ... 9 746 Foundation of Anhilwar Patan 11 1 806 ' an Raj's death 11 841-902 The rule of his successors 11 ADYE~T OF THE P ARSIS, Their conne:x.ion with India 12 697 Their settlement at Diu 13 716 Their 1·emoval to Sanjan 13 DATE. SuBJECT. PAGE, ' . CHAPTER II. Accession of Mul Raj Solanki Repulse of an invasion by the Raja of Tel· ingana 15 94-5 Temple of Rudra Mal built ... 15 9S6 Subjugation of Sorath and Kachh 16 976 Subjugation of the Lath country 17 997 :Mul Raj's gifts to Bn:l.hmaus and audication. 18 Ebhal Valli. 18 1009 Chaltlund's abdicaliou and Yalabhsen's ac· cession 19 1010 Expedition ngainst Mahni., ·and demise of Valabhsen 19 1010 Accession of DudaLh-sen 19 1010-1022 Construction of the Durlabh tank ... 19 1022 DurlauL's audication in favom ofBhim Dev I. 19 CHAPTER III. 1025 Malunud of Ghaznavi's sack of Sommith and conquest of Anhilwar Patan 21 l02G His return to Ghazni 23 SanJal-wood gates of Somnath 23 The Dabisalims 1030 ' .Mahmud's death 1031 Bhim Dcv I. Regains Gujarat 25 1032 Temple built at Dchnha by Bhim Dev's minister 25 1043 Hindu confederacy ngainst M nsalman rule • 25 1043 Regaining of Uhor and other cities by HinJus 25 DJ.TE. St"BJECT. PAGE. 1046 Visal Dev of Ajmel"'~ attack on Gujarat. 26 1046 Foundation of Yisalungar . :!6 104-7 Subjugation of Sindh 26 Bhoj Raja, the contemporary of Bltim De\', 26 The noble works of Bhim-Dev'~ time. 26 1072 His nbdicatiou in fa \'Our of his son Karan. 26 CHAPTER IV. 1073-74 Subjugation of the Mewas ... 27 Foundation of Karuan1.ti • • • 27 1093 Constmction of Karan Sagar ; the course of the Rupeyn river altered 27 1094 Karan's death 27 1094 Accession of Siddh-Raj Jaysingh !7 End of tile Malav tank at Dholka 27 11th cen~ :Mansarovar at Yirarngam ... 27 tury. Chauge of the uame Shristl1al to Siddbpur .. • ·28 Between Twelve years' war with MaJwa, and taking 1094.--114:3 of Dhar ... ... 29 War with Ra Khengar and capture of. JtmaghaJ .•. 30 llOO Fight Letween the Hindus and Muham. madans of Camuay ... :n Siddh Raj's justice and character 32 CHAPTER v. 1143 Siddh Raj's death. Accession of Kumar Pal. 33 Between Defeat of the King of Nagor 34 1143 an<l Defeat of the King of Malwa 35 1150 Du.E. Se11.rxcr. 1157 Expedition against the Konkan, and pro- clamation of Kumar Pal's authority io that country ... 35 The Monk Hemacharya, the chief adviser of Kumar Pal 35 1169 Restoration of the ruined temple of Som- nll.th, and erection of new temples at Del w,ra, Cam bay, and Dhandhukli ... 35 CHAPTElt VI. 1174 Kumar Pal's death and Ajay Pal's succes- sion 37 His prosecution of the J ains. 37 1177 Succession of Eal Mul Raj 37 ·u7s Repulse of Shihab-ud-din Ghori by the Re gent Ehim Dev ... 37 1179 Bal M ul Raj's death, and succession of Ehim ])ev II.