Sample Examination 1 for 1998 Candidates CFA® Level I 120 Questions 3 Hours

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Sample Examination 1 for 1998 Candidates CFA® Level I 120 Questions 3 Hours Sample Examination 1 for 1998 Candidates CFA® Level I 120 Questions 3 Hours AIMR has constructed two sample examinations to help candidates practice taking multiple choice tests. Each 120-question sample examination represents a three-hour section (one- half the regular examination time). By combining the two sample examinations provided, candidates have the equivalent of one full six-hour test. To simulate realistic examination- day conditions, candidates may want to set aside a block of three hours in which to take each sample examination. Doing so will allow 1 ½ minutes, on average, for each question. The sample examinations are intended only to give candidates practice at answering questions that are similar in style to those that will appear on the 1998 CFA Level I examination. None of these sample questions will appear on that examination. Candidates should not rely on the sample examinations as their only means of preparing for the 1998 CFA Level I examination. Careful reading and study of the readings listed in the 1998 CFA Level I Study Guide are essential to being well prepared. AIMR strives to be accurate with the guideline answers to the sample examinations. If you detect any irregularities, please submit them by fax to: Coordinator, Level I Examination at (804)980-3670. Corrections will be printed in the Candidate Bulletin or will be sent by mail to all candidates. No individual replies will be given. Sample Examination Structure Question Topic Percent Number 1-18 Ethical and Professional Standards 15 18 19-36 Quantitative Analysis 15 18 37-50 Economics 12 14 51-80 Accounting and Corporate Finance 25 30 81-92 Global Markets and Instruments 12 12 93-106 Asset Valuation 12 14 107-120 Portfolio Management 12 14 Total 100%* 120 * The percentages do not add exactly to 100% because of rounding. ©Association for Investment Management and Research 1 QUESTIONS 1 THROUGH 18 RELATE TO ETHICAL AND PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS AND ARE ALLOCATED 27 MINUTES (OR 1 ½ MINUTES EACH). 1. To fulfill their obligation regarding informing their employer of their obligation to comply with the Code and Standards, members: A. Can notify their employer of their obligation to comply with the Code and Standards via e-mail. B. Must inform their immediate supervisor, in writing, of their obligation to comply with the Code and Standards. C. Need not inform their employer of their obligation to comply with the Code and Standards if the employer has publicly adopted AIMR's Code and Standards as part of its firm's policies. D. All of the above. 2. Anderb, a portfolio manager for XYZ Investment Management Company—a registered investment organization that advises investment companies and private accounts—was promoted to that position three years ago. Bates, her supervisor, is responsible for reviewing Anderb’s portfolio account transactions, and her required monthly reports of personal stock transactions. Anderb has been using Jonelli, a broker, almost exclusively for portfolio account brokerage transactions. For securities in which Jonelli’s firm makes a market, Jonelli has been giving Anderb lower prices for personal purchases and higher prices for personal sales than Jonelli gives Anderb’s portfolio accounts and other investors. Anderb has been filing monthly reports with Bates only in those months in which she has no personal transactions, which is about every fourth month. Which of the following applies/apply? I. Anderb violated the Code and Standards in that she failed to disclose to her employer her personal transactions. II. Anderb violated the Code and Standards by breaching her fiduciary duty to her clients. III. Bates violated the Code and Standards by failing to enforce reasonable procedures for supervising and monitoring Anderb in Anderb’s trading for her own account. A. I only. B. I and II only. C. II and III only. D. I, II, and III. 2 ©Association for Investment Management and Research 3. Saunders, a mining analyst for Hokassen Investments, has completed his analysis of Okun Drilling & Mining for a wealthy client of Hokassen. He has concluded that, based on core samples and geological surveys of land owned or leased by Okun, the company has in excess of 1 million ounces of gold available to mine. Saunders drafts a research report stating the following: "Based on the fact that the company has 1 million ounces of gold to be mined, I recommend purchasing Okun stock for your portfolio." If Saunders presents his report to the wealthy client, he will have: A. Violated the AIMR Standards of Professional Conduct because he did not distinguish between fact and opinion. B. Violated the AIMR Standards of Professional Conduct because he made conclusions based only on his own research. C. Violated the AIMR Standards of Professional Conduct because he did not indicate the basic characteristics of the investment. D. Complied with the AIMR Standards of Professional Conduct. 4. All of the following statements about the payment of brokerage commissions (soft dollars) are true EXCEPT: A. brokerage commissions should be directed in the best interests of the client. B. brokerage commissions may be directed to pay for the investment manager's operating expenses. C. brokerage commissions may be directed to pay for securities research used in managing the client's portfolio. D. brokerage commissions paid should be commensurate with the value of the brokerage and research services received. 5. John Vickery, a trustee for the pension plan of Richardson Industries, has just received a commission schedule from XYZ Brokerage, a firm with which he is not now trading. The fee schedule is lower than the schedule of ABC Brokerage, which is the firm Vickery now uses for most transactions. ABC also provides research data and performance measurement for the pension plan, services that XYZ cannot handle. Vickery is concerned that he may be violating his fiduciary duty of loyalty by not using the lowest cost brokerage firm. Based on AIMR Standards of Professional Conduct, which of the following statements is true? A. Vickery will violate his fiduciary duty unless he immediately begins trading through XYZ. B. Vickery will not violate his fiduciary duty unless he personally profits from his relationship with ABC. C. Vickery can continue to trade through ABC if he determines, in good faith, that the value of the services is commensurate with the cost. D. The "safe harbor" concept allows fiduciaries to pay higher commissions even though the services are not fully commensurate with the cost. ©Association for Investment Management and Research 3 6. Tony Clinton, a portfolio manager with Northwest Bank, has just been given investment authority for a newly-acquired pension account. Client objectives have not yet been established. On the day Clinton was given the account, $2 million of the account’s bond holdings, representing 4 percent of the portfolio, matured. Based on AIMR Standards of Professional Conduct, which of the following is Clinton's best course of action on that day? A. Make no decision until the client’s objectives are established. B. Invest the proceeds in line with the bank's current asset allocation strategy. C. Invest the proceeds in cash equivalents until Clinton can arrange a meeting with the client to establish fund objectives. D. Contact the client's former investment advisor to find out the appropriate investment action based on previously-used guidelines. 7. Jim Orlando, CFA, is a research analyst with a brokerage firm. He decided to change his recommendation on the common stock of Alpha Company from a "buy" to a "sell." He faxed this change in investment advice to all his current customers. The next day, a new customer called to buy 500 shares of Alpha Company. According to AIMR Standards of Professional Conduct, Orlando: A. should advise the customer of the change in recommendation before accepting the order. B. may accept the order because he has complied with the standard on fair dealing with customers. C. may accept the order when the customer specifies in writing that he was notified of the change in the recommendation. D. should delay executing the order until five days have elapsed after the communication of the change in recommendation. 8. Which of the following statements is a recommendation of the Standards of Practice Handbook with regards to personal investing? A. Preclearance of all trades. B. Disclosure of all holdings in which the employee has a beneficial interest. C. Restrictions on participation in an IPO of equity or equity-related securities. D. All of the above. 4 ©Association for Investment Management and Research 9. Don Smith, a CFA candidate employed by Hunter Investment Counselors, Inc., provides investment advice to the board of trustees of a private university endowment fund. The trustees have given Smith the fund's financial information, including planned expenditures. Smith received a phone call on Friday afternoon from Mark Murdock, a prominent alumnus, requesting that Smith fax to him comprehensive financial information about the fund. According to Murdock, he has a potential contributor but needs the information today to close the deal and cannot contact any of the trustees. Based on AIMR Standards of Professional Conduct, Smith may: A. send Murdock the information because disclosure would benefit the client. B. send Murdock the information provided Smith promptly notifies the trustees. C. send Murdock the information because it is not material nonpublic information. D. not send Murdock the information because Smith must preserve confidentiality. 10. Jane Doe, a CFA candidate, is a junior research analyst with Howard & Sons, a brokerage and investment banking firm. Howard's mergers and acquisitions department, which handles mergers and acquisitions, has represented Britland Company in all its acquisitions for the past 20 years. Two of Howard's senior officers are directors of various Britland subsidiaries.
Recommended publications
  • Dividend Valuation Models Prepared by Pamela Peterson Drake, Ph.D., CFA
    Dividend valuation models Prepared by Pamela Peterson Drake, Ph.D., CFA Contents 1. Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 1 2. The basic model .......................................................................................................................... 1 3. Non-constant growth in dividends ................................................................................................. 5 A. Two-stage dividend growth ...................................................................................................... 5 B. Three-stage dividend growth .................................................................................................... 5 C. The H-model ........................................................................................................................... 7 4. The uses of the dividend valuation models .................................................................................... 8 5. Stock valuation and market efficiency ......................................................................................... 10 6. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 10 7. Index ........................................................................................................................................ 11 8. Further readings .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • How Do Underwriters Value Initial Public Offerings?: an Empirical Analysis of the French IPO Market
    How Do Underwriters Value Initial Public Offerings?: An Empirical Analysis of the French IPO Market Peter Roosenboom* RSM Erasmus University JEL classification: G24, G32 Keywords: Initial public offerings, valuation * Corresponding author. The usual disclaimer applies. Correspondence address: Department of Financial Management, Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Phone: +31 10 408 1255, Fax: +31 10 408 9017, Email: [email protected]. I thank Martine Cools, Tjalling van der Goot, Frank Hartmann, Abe de Jong, Gerard Mertens, Peter Pope, Willem Schramade, Jeroen Suijs and Frank Verbeeten and several anonymous underwriters for their helpful suggestions. How Do Underwriters Value Initial Public Offerings?: An Empirical Analysis of the French IPO Market Abstract This paper investigates how French underwriters value the stocks of companies they bring public. Underwriters often use several valuation methods to determine their fair value estimate of the IPO firm’s equity. We investigate five of these valuation methods: peer group multiples valuation, the dividend discount model, the discounted cash flow model, the economic value added method, and underwriter-specific methods. We document that underwriters base their choice for a particular valuation method on firm characteristics, aggregate stock market returns and aggregate stock market volatility in the period before the IPO. In addition, we examine how underwriters combine the value estimates of the valuation methods they use into a fair value estimate by assigning weights to these value estimates. We document that these weights also depend on firm-specific factors, aggregate stock market returns and aggregate stock market volatility. Finally, we document that underwriters discount their fair value estimate to set the preliminary offer price of the shares.
    [Show full text]
  • 15.401 Finance Theory I, Equities
    15.401 15.40115.401 FinanceFinance TheoryTheory MIT Sloan MBA Program Andrew W. Lo Harris & Harris Group Professor, MIT Sloan School Lecture 7: Equities © 2007–2008 by Andrew W. Lo Critical Concepts 15.401 Industry Overview The Dividend Discount Model DDM with Multiple-Stage Growth EPS and P/E Growth Opportunities and Growth Stocks Reading Brealey, Myers and Allen, Chapter 4 © 2007–2008 by Andrew W. Lo Lecture 7: Equities Slide 2 Industry Overview 15.401 What Is Common Stock? Equity, an ownership position, in a corporation Payouts to common stock are dividends, in two forms: – Cash dividends – Stock dividends Unlike bonds, payouts are uncertain in both magnitude and timing Equity can be sold (private vs. public equity) Key Characteristics of Common Stock: Residual claimant to corporate assets (after bondholders) Limited liability Voting rights Access to public markets and ease of shortsales © 2007–2008 by Andrew W. Lo Lecture 7: Equities Slide 3 Industry Overview 15.401 The Primary Market (Underwriting) Venture capital: A company issues shares to special investment partnerships, investment institutions, and wealthy individuals Initial public offering (IPO): A company issues shares to the general public for the first time (i.e., going public) Secondary or seasoned equity offerings (SEO): A public company issues additional shares Stock issuance to the general public is usually organized by an investment bank who acts as an underwriter: it buys part or all of the issue and resells it to the public Secondary Market (Resale Market) Organized exchanges: NYSE, AMEX, NASDAQ, etc. Specialists, broker/dealers, and electronic market-making (ECNs) OTC: NASDAQ © 2007–2008 by Andrew W.
    [Show full text]
  • Lecture Note Packet 1 Intrinsic Valuation
    Aswath Damodaran 1 Valuation: Lecture Note Packet 1 Intrinsic Valuation Aswath Damodaran Updated: September 2016 The essence of intrinsic value 2 ¨ In intrinsic valuation, you value an asset based upon its fundamentals (or intrinsic characteristics). ¨ For cash flow generating assets, the intrinsic value will be a function of the magnitude of the expected cash flows on the asset over its lifetime and the uncertainty about receiving those cash flows. ¨ Discounted cash flow valuation is a tool for estimating intrinsic value, where the expected value of an asset is written as the present value of the expected cash flows on the asset, with either the cash flows or the discount rate adjusted to reflect the risk. Aswath Damodaran 2 The two faces of discounted cash flow valuation 3 ¨ The value of a risky asset can be estimated by discounting the expected cash flows on the asset over its life at a risk-adjusted discount rate: where the asset has an n-year life, E(CFt) is the expected cash flow in period t and r is a discount rate that reflects the risk of the cash flows. ¨ Alternatively, we can replace the expected cash flows with the guaranteed cash flows we would have accepted as an alternative (certainty equivalents) and discount these at the riskfree rate: where CE(CFt) is the certainty equivalent of E(CFt) and rf is the riskfree rate. Aswath Damodaran 3 Risk Adjusted Value: Two Basic Propositions 4 ¨ The value of an asset is the risk-adjusted present value of the cash flows: 1. The “IT” proposition: If IT does not affect the expected cash flows or the riskiness of the cash flows, IT cannot affect value.
    [Show full text]
  • Asset Management Companies Valuation
    THE VALUATION OF ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANIES Prof. Roberto Moro Visconti – Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy [email protected] Abstract Asset management firms are characterized by having quite high margins, although working in a highly competitive industry. However, the nature of their businesses makes it difficult to define both debt and reinvestment, making the estimation of cash flows much more difficult. It is reasonable to assume that Free Cash Flows to Equity-holders (FCFE) are proxied by net earnings because of a negligible level of investments, depreciation, and net working capital. For Asset Management firms, dividends are often the only tangible cash flow that we can observe or estimate. The common methods used to value asset management firms are the discounted cash flow, the multiples, and the Dividend Discount Model, with some adaptions. Despite their simplicity, rules of thumbs are often characterized by the inaccuracy of the final value. Keywords : Assets under Management, Discounted Cash Flows, Dividend Discount Model, 1 multiples, rules of thumb, fees. 1. Framework Asset Management companies can be independent investment companies or a part of a bank; they usually do not invest in their own account but on behalf of their clients. This is one distinguished difference between asset management companies with other financial institutions such as commercial banks, investment banks, or insurers (Elliott, 2014). MorningStar defines investment management firms as “firms offering diversified services such as asset administration, investment advice, portfolio or mutual fund management, money management, venture capital, and investment research”. According to the recent academic literature, the three methods commonly used for the valuation of the asset management firms are: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Reliability of Constant Growth Dividend Discount Model (DDM)
    onomic c s & f E o M Gacus and Hinlo, Int J Econ Manag Sci 2018, 7:1 l a a n n a r g u e DOI: 10.4172/2162-6359.1000487 o m J International Journal of Economics & e l n a t n S o i c t i a ISSN: 2162-6359 e n n r c e t e s n I Management Sciences Research Article Open Access Research Article Open Access The Reliability of Constant Growth Dividend Discount Model (DDM) in Valuation of Philippine Common Stocks Roy Bornilla Gacus1* and Jennifer E Hinlo2 1Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Southern Mindanao, USM Avenue, Brgy Poblacion, Kabacan, Cotabato 9407, Philippines 2Department of Economics, School of Applied Economics, University of Southeastern Philippines, Obrero, Davao City, Philippines Abstract The constant growth dividend discount model (DDM) is said to be the simplest and most popular valuation method to estimate the intrinsic value of the company’s stocks. This study is aimed to test the reliability of the constant growth DDM in valuation of the selected common stock listed companies in the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE). The accuracy of constant growth DDM to predict the value of common stocks was compared from the actual values using the symmetric median absolute percentage error (sMdAPE), and then tested whether the median difference between the predicted and actual values of the selected common stock listed companies were significant using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results of the study showed that majority of the companies had a sMdAPE less than 30%. This means that the error to predict the common stock values among the companies was less than 30%.
    [Show full text]
  • Dividend-Decisions.Pdf
    CHAPTER 9 DIVIDEND DECISIONS LEARNING OUTCOMES Understand the Meaning of Dividend Decision Understand the importance of Dividend Decision Discuss various Forms of Dividend Discuss various Determinants of Dividend Explain various theories of Dividend Decisions. Financing Decision Theories Financial Investment Decision Decision 1. M. M. Hypothesis 2. Walter Model Dividend Decision 3. Gordon Model 4. Traditional theory 5. Linter Model © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 9.2 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 9.1 INTRODUCTION Financial management is the process of making financial decisions. Financial decision broadly covers three areas: i. Financing decision ii. Investment decision iii. Dividend decision Dividend decision is one of the most important areas of management decisions. It is easy to understand but difficult to implement. Let’s understand this with the help of an example, suppose a company, say X limited, which is continuously paying the dividend at a normal growth rate, earns huge profits this year. Now the management has to decide whether continue to pay dividend at normal rate or to pay at an increasing rate? Why this dilemma? The reason is that, if the management decides to pay higher dividend, then it might be possible that next year, the company will not achieve such higher growth rate, resulting the next year’s dividend will be low as compared to last year’s. However, if the company decides to stay on the normal rate of dividend then surplus amount of retained earnings would remain idle which will result in over capitalization, if no opportunity existing to utilize the funds. Also there are more factors which will affect the dividend decision (will be discussed later).
    [Show full text]
  • Dividend Discount Models
    ch13_p323-350.qxp 12/5/11 2:14 PM Page 323 CHAPTER 13 Dividend Discount Models n the strictest sense, the only cash flow you receive from a firm when you buy I publicly traded stock in it is a dividend. The simplest model for valuing equity is the dividend discount model—the value of a stock is the present value of expected dividends on it. While many analysts have turned away from the dividend discount model and view it as outmoded, much of the intuition that drives discounted cash flow valuation stems from the dividend discount model. In fact, there are compa- nies where the dividend discount model remains a useful tool for estimating value. This chapter explores the general model as well as specific versions of it tailored for different assumptions about future growth. It also examines issues in using the dividend discount model and the results of studies that have looked at its efficacy. THE GENERAL MODEL When an investor buys stock, he or she generally expects to get two types of cash flows—dividends during the period the stock is held and an expected price at the end of the holding period. Since this expected price is itself determined by future dividends, the value of a stock is the present value of dividends through infinity: ∞ t= E(DPS ) Value per share of stock = ∑ t + t t=1 ()1 ke = where DPSt Expected dividends per share = ke Cost of equity The rationale for the model lies in the present value rule—the value of any asset is the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at a rate appropriate to the riskiness of the cash flows being discounted.
    [Show full text]
  • Five-Minute-Mba-In-Corporate-Finance
    GetPedia : Get How Stuff Works! Works! Welcome To GetPedia.com The Online Information Resource Providing You the Most Unique Content and Genuine Articles in the most Widest range categories. Browse and discover Information in each and every category. There are currently more than 500,000 articles to browse for. Business Communications Health & Fitness Advertising Broadband Internet Acne Branding Mobile & Cell Phone Aerobics & Cardio Business Management VOIP Alternative Medicine Business Ethics Video Conferencing Beauty Tips Careers, Jobs & Employment Satellite TV Depression Customer Service Diabetes Reference & Education Marketing Exercise & Fitness Networking Book Reviews Fitness Equipment Network Marketing College & University Hair Loss Pay-Per-Click Advertising Psychology Medicine Presentation Science Articles Meditation Public Relations Food & Drinks Muscle Building & Sales Bodybuilding Sales Management Coffee Nutrition Sales Telemarketing Cooking Tips Nutritional Supplements Sales Training Recipes & Food and Drink Weight Loss Small Business Wine & Spirits Yoga Strategic Planning Home & Family Entrepreneur Recreation and Sport Negotiation Tips Crafts & Hobbies Fishing Team Building Elder Care Golf Top Quick Tips Holiday Martial Arts Home Improvement Internet & Businesses Online Motorcycle Home Security Affiliate Revenue Interior Design & Decorating Self Improvement & Motivation Blogging, RSS & Feeds Landscaping & Gardening Attraction Domain Name Babies & Toddler Coaching E-Book Pets Creativity E-commerce Parenting Dealing with Grief
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 6 Fundamentals of Corporate Finance Valuing Stocks
    Chapter 6 Fundamentals of Corporate Finance Valuing Stocks Fifth Edition Slides by Matthew Will McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved 6- 2 Topics Covered Stocks and the Stock Market Book Values, Liquidation Values and Market Values Valuing Common Stocks Simplifying the Dividend Discount Model Growth Stocks and Income Stocks There are no free lunches on Wall Street Market Anomilies and Behavioral Finance McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved 6- 3 Stocks & Stock Market Primary Market - Place where the sale of new stock first occurs. Initial Public Offering (IPO) - First offering of stock to the general public. Seasoned Issue - Sale of new shares by a firm that has already been through an IPO McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved 6- 4 Stocks & Stock Market Common Stock - Ownership shares in a publicly held corporation. Secondary Market - market in which already issued securities are traded by investors. Dividend - Periodic cash distribution from the firm to the shareholders. P/E Ratio - Price per share divided by earnings per share. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved 6- 5 Stocks & Stock Market Book Value - Net worth of the firm according to the balance sheet. Liquidation Value - Net proceeds that would be realized by selling the firm’s assets and paying off its creditors. Market Value Balance Sheet - Financial statement that uses market value of assets and liabilities. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • An Alternative to the Pure Dividend Discount Model
    An Alternative to the Pure Dividend Discount Model William Carlson, Palumbo/Donahue School of Business, Duquesne University Conway Lackman, Palumbo/Donahue School of Business, Duquesne University ABSTRACT The pure dividend model cannot be used to analyze stocks with a zero or nominal dividend payout. Given the recent global financial crisis, this deficiency could exacerbate future global crises. The multiplier model redeveloped here is a general model capable of analyzing such stocks. Two stage models can give the same results as multistage models with fewer assumptions. Graham and Dodd (1962) estimated a multiplier of about 15 for the average S and P stock. Our update of their results gives a multiplier estimate of 16.4. They used data from 1871 to 1960 for their estimate. We added 1961-94 and 2005-1H06 in our update excluding 1995-2004 which was distorted by the dot.com bubble. Two useful by-product results emerged. It is estimated that the historic value of (kM–gM) is .0354. The terminal market growth rate gM was estimated to be .0711. Combining these two estimates gives an estimate of .1065 for kM which is a key number in the security market line equation. Keywords: Dividend policy, dividend models INTRODUCTION The simple (DDM) dividend discount model P = Do (1+g) / (k–g) cannot be used for high growth companies when the growth rate g exceeds the discount rate k. Accordingly, two and three stage models have been created to solve the problem. In turn there are two versions of the multistage model. One, presented in Reilly and Norton can be called the pure dividend discount model.
    [Show full text]
  • Asset Liquidity and the Cost of Capital
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ASSET LIQUIDITY AND THE COST OF CAPITAL Hernán Ortiz-Molina Gordon M. Phillips Working Paper 15992 http://www.nber.org/papers/w15992 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 May 2010 We thank Heitor Almeida, Murray Carlson, Jason Chen, Lorenzo Garlappi, Itay Goldstein (WFA discussant), N. R. Prabhala, Avri Ravid, Jason Schloetzer, as well as seminar participants at Georgetown University, the Pacific NorthWest Finance Conference 2008, and the Western Finance Association Meetings 2009 for their helpful comments. Ortiz-Molina acknowledges the financial support from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. All errors are the authors alone. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2010 by Hernán Ortiz-Molina and Gordon M. Phillips. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Asset Liquidity and the Cost of Capital Hernán Ortiz-Molina and Gordon M. Phillips NBER Working Paper No. 15992 May 2010 JEL No. G12,G32 ABSTRACT We study the effect of real asset liquidity on a firm’s cost of capital. We find an aggregate asset-liquidity discount in firms’ cost of capital that is strongly counter-cyclical. At the firm-level we find that asset liquidity affects firms’ cost of capital both in the cross section and in the time series: Firms in industries with more liquid assets and during periods of high asset liquidity have lower cost of capital.
    [Show full text]