Manchester Residential Quality Guidance Acknowledgements

DRAFT MANCHESTER RESIDENTIAL QUALITY GUIDANCE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This document has been prepared on behalf of Manchester City Council (MCC) by:

Deloitte Real Estate: John Cooper / Ed Britton

Planit-IE: Peter Swift / Robert Thompson / Alexandra Chairetaki / Chris Hall / Abi Allen

CallisonRTKL: John Badman / Michael Dillon

With thanks to the Sounding Board:

Eddie Smith, MCC

Dave Roscoe, MCC

Stephen Hodder, Hodder + Partners Andy Von Bradsky, PRP MANCHESTER Faye Whiteoak, Redrow Homes

Daren Whitaker, Renaker Build

Jim Chapman, Manchester School of Architecture Daniel Gray, Laing O’Rourke RESIDENTIAL Cllr Kate Chapel, MCC Cllr Bernard Priest, MCC QUALITY Further thanks to:

Age Friendly Manchester Manchester Youth Council GUIDANCE Manchester School of Architecture

All who participated within the City Conversations

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1.0 THE OPPORTUNITY

2.0 A PLACE FOR EVERYONE TO LIVE

2.1 MAKE IT MANCHESTER STRONG CHARACTER | MIX OF OLD & NEW | APPROPRIATE DENSITY 28

2.2 MAKE IT BRING PEOPLE TOGETHER A MIX OF PEOPLE | OPPORTUNITIES TO MEET | A SENSE OF COMMUNITY 40

2.3 MAKE IT ANIMATE STREETS AND SPACES ACTIVE GROUND FLOORS | OPPORTUNITIES FOR OBSERVATION | PUBLIC REALM 50

2.4 MAKE IT EASY TO GET AROUND A CONNECTED NETWORK | MODAL CHOICE | LEGIBILITY 62

2.5 MAKE IT WORK WITH THE LANDSCAPE GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE | BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE 72

2.6 MAKE IT PRACTICAL DEALING WITH CARS | TIDY UP WASTE | CYCLE PARKING AND STORAGE 84

2.7 MAKE IT FUTURE PROOF RESILIENCE | ADAPTABILITY | TECHNOLOGY 96

This page has been left intentionally blank 2.8 MAKE IT A HOME A CLEAR THRESHOLD & ENTRANCE | SPACE & DAYLIGHT | STORAGE | PRIVACY 106

2.9 MAKE IT HAPPEN CONSTRUCTION DETAIL | VALUE ENGINEERING | CONSTRUCTION COMPLIANCE 120

3.0 MANAGE IT WELL

128

4.0 CONCLUSIONS

A EXTERNAL REFERENCES: PLANNING POLICY AND GUIDANCE

A INTERNAL REFERENCES: INDEX 9

1.0 THE OPPORTUNITY

Manchester is at a pivotal moment in its In March 2015, Manchester adopted the history, a point where the decisions it makes London Housing Design Guide space today and in the future can have far reaching standards as an interim measure, pending the implications for the shape and quality of the preparation of Manchester-specific guidance. city as a place to live, work and play. These standards have resulted in a positive The Manchester Strategy (‘Our Manchester’) shift in terms of the quality of residential sets a vision for Manchester to be in the top schemes coming forward, yet space standards flight of world class cities by 2025, playing represent only one of the key ingredients for its full part in limiting the impacts of climate creating attractive and sustainable residential change and a place where residents from all environments. backgrounds feel safe, can aspire, succeed and The Manchester Residential Quality Guidance live well. completes this picture, providing clear A key component of this, identified in the direction on what is required to deliver Manchester Residential Growth Strategy, is sustainable neighbourhoods of choice where the need to deliver a minimum of 25,000 new people will want to live and also raise the homes over the next 10 years to sustain the quality of life across Manchester. positive economic and population growth forecast in Manchester over this period.

Getting this development right is critical to the future of the city and its residents. Too much residential development in recent years has failed to consistently deliver the sort of high quality, sustainable housing the city needs.

New Islington 11

MANCHESTER 2016 LIFESTYLE AND HOUSING TRENDS

Manchester has a rapidly growing, diversifying There is a need to ensure a balance of The past decade has seen a number smaller developments to the south of and increasingly younger population. Between residential mix and tenure to reflect the of fundamental changes to the social, Manchester have added to the family housing 2001 and 2016, it was the fastest growing city changing shape of the population: homes cultural, digital and physical infrastructure offer and there have been whole scale changes in the UK outside London. People have been for families who have grown up or made of Manchester. In turn, this has laid the and investment within the social rented sector. attracted to Manchester by the jobs created their home here; older people who want to foundations for new models of urban living. New types of housing for students have and the balance between incomes, housing stay within the city; and the younger working Over the last 15 years the largest numbers of come forward with bespoke accommodation costs and the quality of life. population. new homes were built in the city centre and provided close to the Universities. In recent years, the most significant residential It is this younger element who are increasingly close to transport links. Manchester’s pioneering work with the Greater growth has taken place in the city centre, choosing to live and work in Manchester, In addition, the vast majority of City Centre Manchester Pension Fund has led to a flow of where close to 50,000 people now live. At particularly in and around the city centre, and homes are now available to rent although further institutional investment into the private the 2007/08 peak Manchester saw over 5,400 who in turn are driving much of our economic significant numbers of people do also own rental market with a range of schemes recently new homes built, a figure that dropped growth and helping to raise productivity levels. their own apartments, reflecting the close completed or in progress. These schemes substantially during the recession, but is now While there is a need to move quickly and relationship with average incomes which has have the ability to offer a professional, well once again on the increase. deliver new homes, there is no place for quick broadly supported the balance between wages managed and quality residential product that New business is coming into Manchester, fix solutions. It is fundamental to provide and housing costs. is in high demand, probably where first time investing in our success and attracted by the well designed, energy efficient, sustainable buyer demand would previously have arisen. New housebuilding has transformed the talent, diversity, strength and scale of the city’s and affordable homes, which function residential for sale market in East Manchester; labour force. within successful streets and high quality vibrant neighbourhoods with a real sense of community, set within a thriving City. Only this approach will deliver a long lasting, positive SPATIAL GROWTH legacy. The key focus for new homes over the next The expanded City Centre will offer 10 years will be the recently expanded City opportunities to diversify and provide Centre. accommodation for families, within distinctive high quality neighbourhoods supported by the There are projects that are already coming right social infrastructure and amenities. forward, such as St John’s and Manchester Life’s regeneration of the Ancoats Across the rest of the City there are neighbourhood. There are also largely opportunities for a broader mix of housing, previously developed areas of enormous in the East and North of the City, whereas in character and potential including New Cross, the South the majority of housing will be on Angel Meadow, the Lower Irk and Medlock smaller ‘in-fill’ sites. Valleys, and Collyhurst.

Many homes in the City Centre will be apartments for sale or rent as well as other high density development. This may also extend to other district centres supported by good transport and facilities. 13 LOWER IRK COLLYHURST VALLEY GREEN RIVER IRWELL ROCHDALE CANAL QUARTER FORMER RIVER IRK MILES PLATTING BODDINGTON MEDLOCK ANGEL BREWERY VALLEY MEADOW RIVER MEDLOCK

NOMA VICTORIA NEW CROSS ANCOATS MEDIEVAL EASTLANDS QUARTER

HOLT TOWN

SALFORD NORTHERN NEW ISLINGTON CENTRAL RETAIL CORE QUARTER SALFORD ASHTON CANAL

CENTRAL BUSINESS SPINNINGFIELDS MEDLOCK DISTRICT VALLEY CIVIC QUARTER CHINATOWN

KAMPUS PICCADILLY ST. JOHN’S RIVER MEDLOCK PICCADILLY THE BESWICK VILLAGE WATER PETERSFIELD STREET

DEANSGATE NORTH OXFORD ROAD CAMPUS MAYFIELD

CASTLEFIELD FIRST STREET ARDWICK ASHBURYS GREAT JACKSON STREET ARDWICK BRUNSWICK

THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER

THE CORRIDOR HULME CITY CENTRE NEIGHBOURHOODS

City Centre LONGSIGHT Neighbourhoods Green spaces Public spaces Metrolink Railway Administrative boundary

N 15

THE PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT

This document outlines the considerations, The document sets out baseline qualities, and opportunities that will help to requirements as a starting point, which

CHEETHAM HARPURHEY deliver high quality residential development should be exceeded where possible, HILL as part of successful and sustainable encouraging developers and decision makers LOWER IRK VALLEY neighbourhoods across Manchester. to explore opportunities for innovation and NEWTON COLLYHURST originality. HEATH This guidance is not drafted as a MEDLOCK substitution for design talent and does It also sets out more general criteria against ANGEL VALLEY MEADOW not intend to impose any architectural which there will be less defined answers and ANCOATS styles or particular tastes. Equally this not one way of doing things. This blend of MEDLOCK EASTLANDS CITY CENTRE VALLEY guidance should not replace or stifle criteria recognises that local distinctiveness innovation. Manchester has a long history and neighbourhood character cannot be with innovative design, and the Council is enhanced through the delivery of a one size OPENSHAW passionate to continue this trait. The careful fits all approach to place-making. selection of a high quality design team is, At the finer grain, the guidance aims to GORTON an intrinsic part of creating successful and HULME underpin the delivery of new housing enduring residential environments. As such, RUSHOLME LONGSIGHT which is fit for purpose in the long this guidance purposely avoids providing term, comfortable, safe, accessible, a checklist that can or should be satisfied. environmentally sustainable and spacious LEVENSHULME It does however provide a clear basis for CHORLTON enough to accommodate the changing needs FALLOWFIELD rejecting poor design that has no place in of occupants throughout their lifetimes. our city. WITHINGTON Developers should to refer to this guidance This guidance cross references but does throughout the planning and development not seek to replicate existing policy and process to help identify and articulate the regulations that will continue to apply contribution of their development towards to all new residential development. In DIDSBURY the neighbourhood, the block and the home. addition it provides the baseline minimum requirements and mandatory standards Addressing these holistic principles during NORTHENDEN that all new residential proposals will be pre-application discussions, working

BAGULEY required to satisfy or exceed in order to be alongside the local authority as part of an considered sustainable development. New iterative and effective development process development is expected to comply with will be an essential pre-curser to the granting the following guidance. Where a proposal of Planning Permission. This approach will does not, thorough justification will need help deliver the quantity and quality of City Centre to be provided. Typical justification for attractive, sustainable residential dwellings WYTHENSHAWE Central Manchester exception will be in order to produce that Manchester requires. East Manchester exemplary and innovative design and/or South Manchester projects that provide overriding public North Manchester benefit. MANCHESTER AIRPORT Wythenshawe Transport Links Metrolink Railway 17

PLANNING POLICY AND OTHER GUIDANCE

The Residential Design Quality Guidance has In addition, there are a series of other been prepared to be in accordance with both guidance and strategies that are cross- NPPF and Local planning policy. The Guidance referenced within this document. explains and provide guidance on how the City Significant weight will be given to this Council will interpret its adopted local plan Guidance in planning decisions and applicants policies relevant to residential development. will be expected to directly address it This document is interim Guidance within throughout the development process. the context of the existing Core Strategy. The Throughout the document, Policy, Guidance Council will be reviewing the Core Strategy and best practice documents are signposted over the next few years and intend for the at the end of each chapter. Residential Design Quality Guidance to be referred to within the future design policy. A list of relevant documents is provided in Therefore, the Residential Design Quality the appendices. The list provided is by no Guidance will be subjected to the prescribed means comprehensive and it is the Applicant’s Development Plan process alongside the responsibility to ensure all relevant policies future Core Strategy with the intention for it to and guidance has been considered. gain status as a Development Plan Document. 19

THE OPPORTUNITY HOW TO USE THIS GUIDANCE

This Guidance provides the context, rationale Each principle and recommendation stands MANCHESTER 2016 THE PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT PLANNING POLICY & GUIDANCE GUIDANCEHOW TOUSE THIS and key questions that a developer and to be challenged by developers, their design decision maker should ask themselves teams, stakeholders and the community. PAGES throughout the development process. Throughout this guidance, various photos 10–23 The document sets out nine components that, have been used to provide best practice when combined will inform and help to create examples of design solutions. In some cases, high quality residential development and it is only an element of the photo which is which will be used to shape what Manchester being highlighted. Where this is the case, the will become within the Manchester Strategy associated caption will indicate this. period up to 2025 and beyond. The majority of these images have been Each component contains a series of key sourced within the Manchester context. ingredients that should be present – much Where this has not been possible, precedent like a recipe – as well as identifying a range of images from other cities have been used. detailed actions that need to be considered Every attempt has been made to ensure these PAGES A PLACE FOR EVERYONE TO LIVE during the design and delivery stages of a precedent images are within a similar context, 24–27 project. and the city enjoys a similar ambition to Manchester. A series of key requirements reflect on each component and provide a summary of the COMPONENT 1 COMPONENT 2 COMPONENT 3 COMPONENT 4 COMPONENT 5 COMPONENT 6 COMPONENT 7 essential points that need to be addressed. COMPONENT 8 COMPONENT 9

KEY INGREDIENTS

COMPLY OR JUSTIFY PAGES Manchester City Council has produced this Proposals that do not comply with this 28–129 KEY guidance based on a principle of ‘Comply or guidance and fail to provide compelling ACTIONS Justify’. justification, evidence and options analysis, will be refused. In this respect, deviation from the compliance elements set out within this document This approach underpins the Council’s must provide robust and evidence-based aspiration to encourage the delivery of KEY REQUIREMENTS justification. In such cases, Developers and the highest quality range of residential their design teams must demonstrate that the development, which will contribute to scheme will deliver a finished project of the sustainable growth and help establish very highest quality that aligns with the thrust Manchester as a world class city. PAGES of what this Guide seeks to achieve. 130–135 MANAGE IT WELL

PAGES CONCLUSIONS 136–137 21

DEALING WITH SCALE

Each design element will be addressed in relation to scale. Three scales are considered in this guidance; the wider neighbourhood; the street/block and the individual building. Not every design element will relate to each of the three scales. The scale in which design elements refer to is illustrated using the blocks below.

NEIGHBOURHOOD NEIGHBOURHOOD Residential design should consider beyond the block, in order to understand how it should respond to, and influence the wider neighbourhood.

STREET/BLOCK STREET / BLOCK Residential design needs to contribute to creating or improving the immediate block and street network.

BUILDING BUILDING At the finer scale, residential design must fully understand the implications of design choices to make a house a home. 23

2.0 A PLACE FOR EVERYONE TO LIVE

The Manchester Residential Quality Guide will The components set out in the following help deliver a step change in residential design sections identify the elements that are needed within the city. if Manchester is going to fulfil its ambitions; responding to the challenges of meeting Key to this is appreciating that residential housing demand alongside the objective to design is not simply about the individual create a city that is a combination of vibrant, property, it is about how new homes combine healthy, sustainable, safe, resilient and to create places, about how they relate with attractive neighbourhoods. one another and contribute towards creating a new neighbourhood, or adding to an existing Above all, this guidance seeks to ensure that one. Manchester can become a city of high quality residential neighbourhoods, and a place for Good quality housing is important in helping everyone to live. Manchester achieve the economic shift it seeks as an integral part of the Northern Powerhouse; talented professionals, entrepreneurs and workers want to live, work and invest in a city that has a broad range of high quality housing and neighbourhoods.

Northern Quarter 25

THE COMPONENTS OF RESIDENTIAL QUALITY MAKE IT This Guidance sets out nine components that combine to deliver high quality residential MANCHESTER development, and through that safe, inviting neighbourhoods where people want to live. Understanding the character and qualities of the various parts of the city.

CHAR NTS ACTE NE R DE PO OL NS MAKE IT M D & N ITY MAKE IT BRING CO EW Y M V HE E CH ATE IEW RI IN AR RIAL S TA HAPPEN N ER ITY S G PEOPLE TOGETHER HI D CA E R ES L O DE IG E N OR N E R Ensuring that proposals are delivered U O N Encouraging a sense of community L E A E IG V C IN H N M T B and neighbourliness. as designed, well constructed and A E O IL I Y IX L R U A P IT O A R T L C E M F S sustainably built. A P T D O U I C E O N Q O N M O N P I I X T G O L I E D O C IN T E F U R C C S T R E U T E T O E R I N S N T M N I U N S M A G T R O N N U I E C O O E N S

C N I

T Y

E E

Y L C

C A

C N

N I

A L

A N

T A

P N

V O

I H R S I N E

R G O

I A I

P N

E T

MAKE IT W MAKE IT

ANIMATE

A C

G R

N E Y

U S

A S

I E

C T R

R B L

A HOME R I STREET AND SPACES

R O

T I O

B O

L O E I

S L

S I M

T E

L V

Providing sufficient space, natural D N A The interrelationship between buildings,

T N L

R G E

H U

O D E W R

G L

T O

H light and storage to allow people to I

A C streets and spaces in making a place feel

O R

N S

L I

I E E H L G

R S B A N

settle down and flourish. E E

H L

U D safe and inviting. V I T L A R P H T M T C A

E R X

E 2 T Y N S R 1 T O S I I I E K L T L T M R I I C A E B E E O I G N I N W G C W V T T E E E E L A U A A R N N T D Y D T A H R E H E G P O T O N T R C P I A C U E S L B O S N N C I N IN N A Y L O R C I D G T I C T Y T IC Y D IO L IT N B L E U I MAKE IT S S P B MAKE IT EASY IG A N E LK R A CA TU W R UC FUTURE PROOF CY P TR Y TO GET AROUND T C AR AS IT EM LE KIN NFR RS S P PA G UE I IVE AY O R WA EN & BL OD W RA KIN STE GRE BI ER RY G ES AT Anticipate the impacts and effects S & S T TRE W Ensuring that development is TO TORA STREE XT PP GE NTE ING E CO of climate change that can make AC LANDSCAP accessible, well connected and TIVITY residential design more efficient. easy to get around.

MAKE IT MAKE IT WORK PRACTICAL WITH THE LANDSCAPE

Dealing with the clutter of life. Enhancing and improving the connection with landscape and nature.

MAKE IT MANCHESTER

It is essential to reinforce the uniqueness of Manchester, strengthening its distinctive character while supporting new high quality residential development.

Manchester is a city of contrasts. A city steeped Respecting and retaining these elements is in industrial heritage, with a functional critical in reinforcing Manchester’s unique relationship to its canals, waterways and rail qualities. infrastructure. Yet this is only one side of the coin. Manchester is also a pioneering city; a city that In order to continue to grow and flourish, is not afraid to take risks. This hard-working, Manchester must be open to new possibilities industrious attitude is ingrained in the patina and new approaches. Good design does not of the city: in its buildings; its streets; and its simply restore and retain existing character; it people. It is precisely this industrious attitude, also amplifies and transforms it. combined with the city’s rebellious streak, that gives Manchester its raw yet authentic appeal. New developments within the city therefore present a unique opportunity to challenge Manchester should understand and norms and experiment with new ways of living, appreciate those qualities that make it special, propelling Manchester forwards as it strives to particularly the legacy of its industrial and become a city of global recognition. Victorian architecture that has shaped much of the city centre and its outlying areas.

Chorlton Mill, City Centre 29

STRONG CHARACTER KEY Manchester still inhabits the streets of what These mills and warehouses and rows of was once the industrial powerhouse of the human-scale terraces are a physical reminder INGREDIENTS world; its tall mill chimneys still loom over of the city during the Industrial Revolution, the everyday life of the city, while its red brick and as such are a characteristic that should terraces fade into the weathered landscape. not be forgotten. This robust architecture forms a strong Manchester has always been a place that backdrop to the life of the city and acts as a has embraced progress, technology and constant reminder of Manchester’s roots. reinvention. This bold and fearless character is Character is not simply a question of a quality that should continue to influence the aesthetics, it is also a result of those intangible city as it transforms over the coming decades. qualities which are felt rather than just seen.

MIX OF OLD AND NEW Manchester’s history can be seen through its New development should relate positively to built form; change has occurred over time its historical context; reinterpreting particular through a combination of urban renewal styles and detailing in a contemporary manner and shifting contemporary needs and that can reinforce local distinctiveness and a requirements, each time paving the way for sense of place. new housing typologies. Residential design should create new housing This blend of old and new is essential as part that responds to the existing urban fabric, of the natural growth of the city, striking the building typologies and the city’s distinctive balance between responding to the past and style while also embracing modern materials embracing the future. and contemporary ideas.

01 | Castlefield, City Centre Conservation area 31

APPROPRIATE DENSITY

Developing at an appropriate density is These requirements should be accommodated However, fundamentally important to this Where high density development results imperative to shaping Manchester’s future, in accordance with the requirements of the justification will be the preparation of a in buildings that are considered tall, when ensuring more sustainable patterns of ‘Make it Practical’ section of this document. comprehensive urban design appraisal assessed against the surrounding context, development and reducing the need to travel. (for example, see the Urban Design then established criteria will need to be For larger schemes, developers may be Compendium) identifying whether a particular satisfied (please refer to the subsequent With the exception of areas of existing special able to deliver or contribute to necessary neighbourhood, block or street has a strong section on scale). character (or those with a strong sense of improvements to physical and social and coherent density that should be reinforced place, such as conservation areas) an increase infrastructure, in a manner that is necessary or offer capacity for change. in density should be encouraged in those parts to support higher density development. This of the city that are well connected to public should be considered in consultation with the transport and have greater access to public Local Authority or other relevant agencies. services, community facilities, amenity and Where area based planning guidance such as recreation provision. Neighbourhood Development Frameworks or Early engagement with the Local Planning Strategic Regeneration Frameworks have been Authority is necessary to establish the viability adopted by Manchester City Council then new of proposed changes to physical and social developments should strictly adhere to the infrastructure. design requirements of those documents.

Manchester’s expanded city centre will Where area based planning guidance does not therefore, be a significant focus for residential exist, or where it is silent on density, then any development, reflecting planning policy and proposals which increase the existing level of the popularity and demand for new homes in density within the neighbourhood should be this accessible location. fully justified to the satisfaction of the Local Planning Authority. Higher density development will also be acceptable in well connected locations An assessment of density is often a careful outside the city centre, such as outlying balance; taking into account character neighbourhoods adjacent to public transport and context, economic and regeneration nodes. opportunities together with the capacity of different parts of the city to be able to In suburban neighbourhoods, infill accommodate and support any increase. development will follow the scale of existing development.

Higher density developments will result in greater demands on space in terms of car parking, cycle parking and refuse storage.

02 | Density in relation to public transport and connectivity 33

KEY ACTIONS

1 MAKE THE MOST OF MANCHESTER’S HERITAGE

NEIGHBOURHOOD Manchester has a strong history that has left This is not simply about retaining or restoring STREET/BLOCK a unique and defining architectural heritage; fit for purpose buildings of historical

ADDRESS BUILDING something people cherish and identify with. significance. Respectful design can also contrast with historical buildings, amplifying This legacy is important for a number of both old and new. reasons: the historical value reinforces a strong sense of place and the nature of the buildings This needs to work at all scales: from heritage offers a distinctive aesthetic and economic that forms a distinctive neighbourhood value due to their scale and adaptability. identity, through to the finer nuances of architectural detailing that reference the Appreciating, understanding and respecting history of a particular site. this legacy is fundamental to the future success of the city. 03 04

03 | Macintosh Mills, an early 19th century mills complex 04 | Retaining the historic fine grain

2 PROTECT & FRAME VIEWS

NEIGHBOURHOOD Views, as well as the absence of views, are Proposals should also consider whether STREET/BLOCK an important component of place: they help to introduce new views to surrounding to define character and increase legibility by landmarks or features that can provide new

ADDRESS BUILDING providing visual connections to landmarks and visual connections, or reconnect old ones that surrounding areas. have been lost.

Consideration should be given to the types of views present; whether they are intimate or extensive and how the form of new development might contribute to this experience and sense of place.

05 06

05 | Ensuring views to historic landmarks are retained 06 | Views to landmarks as an orientation tool 35

3 APPRECIATE SCALE

NEIGHBOURHOOD The growth of Manchester, predominantly Taller buildings require particular care and STREET/BLOCK through the nineteenth century, saw a sensitivity, having a disproportionately large

ADDRESS BUILDING distinctive scale that was linked to its impact on the image of the city by virtue of industrial origins. For the most part this saw their visibility and concentration of uses. a dramatic juxtaposition between different Seen from distance, taller buildings can alter scales: weighty warehouse buildings set the city’s skyline and flatten the topography. against rows of more human‑scaled terraced At the scale of the block or street their impact housing; robust industrial railway bridges set is more on the character and atmospheric against narrow streets. quality of the spaces immediately around More recently there has been a shift in them; affecting light and shadow, altering the MEDIUM DENSITY scale, including modern residential blocks microclimate and reducing the amount of sky LOW RISE punctuating the skyline as land becomes visible at street level. increasingly more precious. Developers and their design teams will be How differences in scale interrelate with one expected to demonstrate how the bulk, another to retain and reinforce character while massing and scale of proposals have been embracing change and growth – is one of the considered in terms of its impact on the interesting and defining characteristics of the neighbourhood, street and block and how it city. influenced the architecture and design of the building and/or space. Achieving an appropriate scale for new residential development is a delicate balance, In the case of tall buildings, there will be a and should be based on an understanding need to demonstrate how proposals have of the site and its context, the city’s desire addressed the assessment criteria provided to see sound place making, and a clear within MCC Core Strategy policy EN2 and understanding of how scale can be used Historic England’s Guidance on Tall Buildings. HIGH DENSITY positively as a means of driving high quality Also, they should be accompanied by a MEDIUM RISE buildings that provide attractive places in Townscape & Visual Impact Assessment (in line which to live. with the Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment 2013) and Visually Verified There is a need to demonstrate how proposed Views (locations to be agreed with MCC/ height and mass would fit within its context, Historic England where appropriate). appreciating the need to create a legible urban environment, provide a strong sense of enclosure and, where appropriate in schemes of sufficient scale, introduce landmarks.

In certain locations, this will involve maintaining the consistency of the existing urban form; in other cases the correct approach may be to introduce a shift in scale that can provide dramatic juxtaposition.

HIGH DENSITY HIGH RISE 37

4 CONSIDER MATERIALS & DETAILS

NEIGHBOURHOOD Materiality has a fundamental impact on Wherever possible, the use of local materials STREET/BLOCK character and identity, and helps to define should be considered. This helps to support different places and neighbourhoods as well the local economy and reduces environmental

ADDRESS BUILDING as ages of development. Materials need to impacts, as well as reinforcing local identity, be high quality, robust and able to withstand ensuring that places remain unique and the Manchester climate over the lifespan distinctive from one another. of the buildings, with limited maintenance This is particularly important in helping to commitments. Similarly, the detailing and distinguish Manchester from other cities, quality of construction should safeguard the helping to reinforce its character and ‘brand’. long-term value of buildings. Materiality should also consider a range of Residential development should respond scales. Materials used within a single building to its context. This may mean continuing a must work together, but should also fit within 07 particular approach and materials palette; it the context of the wider street, block and may mean introducing something different 07 | Materials must be considered on the wider scale also neighbourhood. that can act as a counterpoint to the existing character. In either case, the choice of There are too many examples of buildings materials should be clarified with the Council. where poor detailing even in the presence of good quality materials has resulted in an Variation of materials, when used carefully external appearance that has quickly degraded and sparingly, can enhance character and post completion. This is often due to the way increase legibility through creating something water is dealt with (in the Manchester context). memorable. All planning applications will therefore need to The way materials are combined, and the be accompanied by 1:20 details showing how number of materials used and how they are the proposed elements and materials within applied, is a key consideration. the facade can be detailed so as to ensure Using a complicated materials palette, with that modelling is maximised and finishes seemingly arbitrary changes in materials, can are safeguarded from the weather. This will be both confusing and unsightly. be further safeguarded through the use of Planning Condition requiring sample panels to The best schemes – both traditional and 08 09 be supplied (please refer to Section on ‘Make it modern – use a limited palette of materials Happen’). 08 -09 | Manchester’s red brick defines the city’s character and have a strong logic for the choices made, and for where changes in material should occur.

5 EMBRACE AND ENCOURAGE NEW DESIGN APPROACHES

NEIGHBOURHOOD Cities are, by their very nature, in a constant Residential development should not simply STREET/BLOCK state of flux. Successful cities embrace this, mimic what has been done before. Some of adapting and responding to changing times; the best design outcomes are the result of ADDRESS BUILDING challenging and exploring new approaches. new approaches to integrating old and new. Successful design is about responding to Manchester is a city which has a long history change in a creative manner, while responding of embracing reinvention. Architecture should to the existing site constraints. reflect the times in which it was built.

10 11

10 | Modular cost benefits houses, New Islington 11 | The Green Building, Oxford Road ROYAL’S MILLS REFURBISHMENT, ANCOATS KEY The refurbishment of Royal Mills provides a mixed use of residential, retail, leisure and commercial REQUIREMENTS space at the heart of Manchester’s historical industrial area. The Council will require Applicants to demonstrate how proposals:

Royal Mills, considered to be one of the most important spinning mills • Fully consider and appreciate the existing in the city. The complex comprises context and character; of four refurbished cotton mills NAME OF PRECEDENT and three new buildings designed • Are distinctiveNem id quat and plat abo. rooted Olorestrum in a sense of around an atrium that creates the facerum quatece periorehendi centre of this new community. place; doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. • Are well considered and use a high-quality

© Damian Field Architects material palette; • Properly consider how architectural detailing to safeguard the future quality of proposals; and • Are of an appropriate scale. THE ‘GUTS’, NEW ISLINGTON The Guts – named for its position RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES: in the middle of the New Islington masterplan - includes 18 affordable houses located in the former CC6 CC7 CC9 CC10 EN1 EN2 EN3 DM1 PA1 Cardroom Estate. The houses are linked at the back rather than their sides. HERITAGE MIXED USE MIXED USE Courtesy of Mae Architects © Tim Soar The wider area includes a marina, DEVELOPER MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT AND STRATEGIC AND STRATEGIC TALL BUILDINGS TALL water park and is well connected CONTRIBUTIONS CITY CENTRE HIGH CITY CENTRE HIGH CHARACTER AREAS CHARACTER

with public transport links. DESIGN PRINCIPLES DESIGN AND HERITAGE A PLACE FOR EVERYONE A PLACE DENSITY DEVELOPMENT

ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE:

Courtesy of Mae Architects © Tim Soar Courtesy of Mae Architects © Tim Soar 41

MAKE IT BRING PEOPLE TOGETHER

Residential design should make an obvious contribution to improving the lives of people in Manchester by providing opportunities to bring people together.

Good residential design is not just about Bringing people together - of different ages, what happens inside the home – important backgrounds and outlooks - is important as though that is – it is also about how it provides it helps to reinforce tolerance and promote opportunities for social interaction in the social inclusion. It also fosters long term, surrounding spaces. successful communities and helps to avoid transient communities often associated with Manchester has the fastest growing population failing and deprived neighbourhoods. In rental outside London, and with this popularity developments it is proven through research comes an increasing demand for development that knowing people within your building at greater density, making physical or visual or neighbourhood will support long term contact an inevitable consequence of city tenancies where people more often renew living. their leases. How we live together and alongside one Residential development within Manchester another; however, can be influenced by the should emphasise these ideals, facilitating quality of our residential development. a mix of safe and cohesive neighbourhoods across the city. Castlefield Bowl, City Centre 43

A MIX OF PEOPLE KEY One of Manchester’s great strengths is the These factors help to provide the ingredients diversity of its population; it truly is a city for for successful, more resilient neighbourhoods, INGREDIENTS everyone and where they can achieve their which should accommodate a mix of people, potential. regardless of location, and containing people from all walks and at all stages of their life. Manchester also has a reputation as an age- friendly city, a demographic shift towards a Perhaps most importantly, a great more modern urban population that has been neighbourhood consists of a broad mix of driven by three factors in particular: an ageing tenures, ensuring it is affordable and inclusive. population; an increasing demand for urban family homes; and an increase in City Centre living.

OPPORTUNITIES TO MEET There is little benefit to inclusive residential Similarly, communal and semi-private development if there are few opportunities spaces, such as front gardens, provide the for residents to meet and interact. The more perfect opportunity to meet and interact with contact neighbours have, the greater the neighbours and passers by, facilitating safer potential to form long term connections and and more cohesive places. boost the social health of the city. Within buildings, the lobbies, lifts, stairs and Residential development requires local corridors shape the most local experience of amenities such as local shops, community a place, with shared access and communal facilities and recreation space, which can act space creating a strong sense of ownership as focal points for residents to come together and community. and interact with one another.

A SENSE OF COMMUNITY The speed and scale of residential number of locations across Manchester. New development in Manchester makes it residential development will need to recognise imperative that new development facilitates these and continue to deliver their objectives. a sense of community, improve quality of life Social media will play an increasingly and promote happy and healthy communities. important role in connecting people locally; A healthy community helps to promote informing discussion and enabling residents citizenship, creates a sense of place and city to communicate quickly with building owners, pride, and improves the social health of the managers and the local authority. Developers city. should be able to demonstrate how that can effectively respond to residents and support Area Based Development Frameworks provide them in building sustainably networks. a great opportunity for the community to have their voice heard. These are in place in a 45

KEY ACTIONS

01 | Easily accessible local facilities and recreation

1 ENSURE CONNECTIONS TO A DESTINATION

NEIGHBOURHOOD Residential development should be Development should seek to orientate a STREET/BLOCK sustainably connected with its local choice of routes towards focal points. These

ADDRESS BUILDING neighbourhood, which should provide a range routes should prioritise the pedestrian, the of opportunities for residents to meet and cyclist and public transport connections to interact. encourage healthier and more sustainable travel modes. As a rule, residential development should be within an easy walking distance (400m) of a range of day to day destinations, which might include: local shops; community facilities; sports facilities; playgrounds; parks and spaces.

02 03

02 | Recreational opportunities provide a better way of living 03 | Ensure connections to a range of facilities

2 MEET THE NEIGHBOURS

NEIGHBOURHOOD Residential developments should offer the relationship to external public spaces, parks STREET/BLOCK opportunity to bring neighbours together, and squares as well as the use of communal while respecting privacy and personal territory space within the curtilage of the site. ADDRESS BUILDING and avoiding loitering. Examples include pairing front doors together These two factors are not alternatives; in fact to encourage chance meetings, or providing they can often work together beneficially: a common routes through communal activity clear understanding of personal space can space. mean that we are more likely to treat this space as the necessary extension of our home.

Within the design of residential developments, this can be achieved through the appropriate 04 05

04 | Front door design could foster interaction 05 | Frontage detail design helps bring people together 47

3 CONSIDER DEMOGRAPHICS

NEIGHBOURHOOD The population of Manchester is constantly Residential development that targets a specific STREET/BLOCK changing. Residential developments should demographic group should be driven by a deliver a range of housing types and tenures clear demonstrable need. ADDRESS BUILDING that anticipate and fulfil the needs of these Development must also consider how it might different demographic groups. become adaptable in the future, taking into Different groups have specific needs; for consideration changes in population that younger families it might be the relationship might take place in the future as well as the life to play space and play facilities; for the older cycle of its residents. generation it may be more restorative spaces with access to medical services. 06 07

06 | Street furniture that encourages play 07 | Regular seating for the elderly

4 DESIGN TO ENCOURAGE ACTIVITY

NEIGHBOURHOOD The best residential developments and Development should anticipate and encourage STREET/BLOCK neighbourhoods are those that facilitate healthy and sustainable activities, providing activity and opportunity, rather than hinder it. an environment that promotes a sense of ADDRESS BUILDING belonging but also, walking, social activity and A well considered layout, containing well lit, being outdoors in communal spaces. well overlooked and well managed streets and spaces with a mix of uses is more likely For larger developments, there is also value in to be used by its residents - for meeting and integrating communal space for residents such socialising, to walking the dog or even the odd as kitchen gardens and adaptable communal morning jog. space. Where communal amenity space is provided, these spaces must be clearly owned, with a robust management plan to ensure ongoing upkeep. 08 09

08-10 | Communal outdoor spaces encourage social interaction

10 CASE STUDY: HAFENCITY, HAMBURG Hafencity is a waterfront regeneration project in the centre of Hamburg. A mix of tenures combined with publicly accessible waterfront spaces ensure a diverse KEY neighbourhood in which people of all ages and backgrounds can come together. REQUIREMENTS

The Hafencity exploits the interface • Clearly demonstrate market position and between the city and the water, establishing various levels of need; contact and accessibility, drawing NAME OF PRECEDENT people together in a high quality, • Have addressedNem id quat plat diversity abo. Olorestrum and affordability inviting and inclusive waterfront requirements;facerum quatece periorehendi public realm. doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. • Create opportunities for meeting and getting to know the neighbours; and • Encourage activity and social interaction.

Community activities are encouraged through the incorporation of high-quality, well- designed, well-connected public RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES: spaces that can accommodate a diverse range of activities DM1 throughout the year. MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT

ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE:

MAKE IT ANIMATE STREETS AND SPACES

Residential design should always make a positive contribution to Manchester’s streets and spaces to make a safe and inviting place for everyone.

Good residential areas extend outwards Residential design should ensure that there beyond the confines of the home to have a are well positioned and frequent doors and relationship with the streets and spaces in the windows, as well as appropriate uses that wider neighbourhood. can combine to create a strong and positive interrelationship between passers by and This is a critical relationship, and Manchester’s residents, making for a more active, safer housing in all its various forms is required public realm. to make a positive contribution to the street environment.

The manner in which buildings meet the street, the level and type of uses at ground floor level, the ability to safely cross the street all have a role in influencing the level of activity in the surrounding streets.

§ 53

KEY INGREDIENTS

REAL STREET FRONTAGES Good quality residential development should The location of entrances, the position of exhibit an active ground floor to facilitate secondary uses (such as plant rooms or animated and interesting streets. bin storage) should be well considered and demonstrate an understanding of the area’s This can take a number of forms, depending street hierarchy, with frontages designed to on the type and scale of building, but generally create a relationship between inside and it involves ensuring that entrances are well outside. located and supported by complementary features, such as windows, that aids natural Ground floor entrances should present a surveillance and overlooking, and offers scope welcoming environment, and be constructed for a positive relationship between residents of robust and good quality materials and passers by. appropriate to the anticipated number of users, the volume of home deliveries and the In individual dwellings this can mean a frequency of residents moving-in and out of habitable room such as a lounge, dining room, the building. kitchen or home office. In apartment blocks it might be communal areas or other associated Entrances should be easy to find and have uses including commercial frontages in mixed- a clear address that is visible from the use developments that provide an active inter- public highway. The entrance should be relationship between private spaces between architecturally defined and clearly identifiable, buildings and the public spaces externally and scaled appropriately to the size of whilst also recognising the need for security building. and defensible space. If a concierge or managed post or delivery This monitoring and passive observation is drop-off is provided ease of access is essential a key component in building a community and adequate space for post boxes, storage – knowing your neighbours and what is lockers and the like should be allowed. happening – and through this helps to create streets and spaces that people want to use and feel safe in. 55

OPPORTUNITIES FOR OBSERVATION People are generally curious about their Habitable rooms facing the street, communal surroundings and enjoy watching the world go spaces at ground floor and balconies on by, something that increases as we get older. the upper floors of apartment blocks allow us to be curious from within, while offering Well designed neighbourhoods offer clear the sense to the passer by that there is the opportunities for this to happen, allowing potential for overlooking and safety. this much-needed observation and natural surveillance of the street network and public realm.

PUBLIC REALM Well considered public realm should sense of place. In the evening, lighting has be integral as part of all new residential a significant part to play in ensuring that developments and is critical in ensuring that neighbourhoods, blocks and streets function Manchester’s neighbourhoods are attractive, well and feel safe. vibrant and successful. It is important to ensure public realm is The design of the public realm can have a designed with management and maintenance significant impact upon how spaces between in mind. Without successful management, buildings are used, on who uses them and also well designed spaces can have the tendency how frequently. to have a negative impact on the environment and by association, the people and community During the day, street furniture encourages that surround it. adaptable and flexible use, encouraging people outside and helping to establish a 57

KEY ACTIONS

01 | Large ground floor windows crete a safer and more active ground floor environment

1 UNDERSTAND THE GROUND FLOOR AND THE STREET

NEIGHBOURHOOD The ground floor of a residential development Temporary uses can provide activity in STREET/BLOCK is its external face; getting the internal underused units; including the display of local functions right, and composition and artwork, pop-up shops, event or community ADDRESS BUILDING disposition of uses correct is particularly spaces. This has already been facilitated in important. the city, where new ground floor units have been appraised with nil value to release the Certain uses - such as cafés, shops, communal economic reliance upon them. lounges, education or workspaces - interact well with the street, creating a strong visual Flexible leasing strategies, as well as the and physical interconnection with it. promotion of independent uses, should be encouraged. These can take advantage of Uses such as car parking, tend to create dead the enterprising culture of the city and add edges, with a combination of inanimate uses real value and distinctive character to a set behind a far more solid facade treatment. 02 03 neighbourhood. 02-03 | Active ground floor uses

2 ORIENTATE ENTRANCES TOWARDS THE STREET

NEIGHBOURHOOD Doorways should face towards the street, In larger developments with a single point of STREET/BLOCK helping to create a strong degree of enclosure entrance, consideration needs to be given to and a clear interrelationship between the the street hierarchy and the need to ensure ADDRESS BUILDING building and the street and public realm. that the entrance is in the safest, most obvious location in relation to the surrounding street Clarifying the front of the development, and network. ensuring that it faces towards the street will establish and reinforce territory and The frequency of doors along a street is also ownership. important; the greater the number of doors the greater the likelihood that there will be activity and animation within the street.

04 05

04 | Entrances orientated towards communal space 05 | Entrances orientated towards the street 59

3 CONSIDER THE THRESHOLD

NEIGHBOURHOOD The space in front of the building helps The depth of the threshold is critical; a STREET/BLOCK to determine the look and feel of the shallow threshold helps to retain the physical development and its contribution to the street and visual connection while not becoming ADDRESS BUILDING network. too remote. Too deep and it can encourage alternative uses that might impact upon how Approaches to buildings and pathways should the street works. be wide enough to accommodate anticipated volumes and types of traffic. The threshold also allows uses to spill out and extend into the public realm, The threshold space can help to protect the providing opportunities for customisation privacy of the ground floor; it helps to provide and personalisation that help to inform the the necessary separation between residents character of the area. and passers by. 06 07

06-07 | Landscape defines the threshold

4 INCREASE VISIBILITY

NEIGHBOURHOOD Public spaces and streets should be well The presence of active windows (such as living STREET/BLOCK overlooked by those with a direct relationship rooms, kitchens and home offices) overlooking with the space and an implicit ownership of it. a space increases the potential for it to ADDRESS BUILDING become used where there is clear overlooking Increasing opportunities for natural and surveillance. surveillance, through the introduction of doors, windows and balconies, helps to reduce anti social behaviour by providing a strong interrelationship with the surrounding space.

Overlooking can help encourage activity 08 | Active windows enhance natural surveillance

5 USE LIGHTING EFFECTIVELY

How a building is lit can make a real difference Feature lighting may also enable distinctive NEIGHBOURHOOD to how it is used and how it relates to the features to be highlighted in a discrete and STREET/BLOCK street. imaginative manner.

ADDRESS BUILDING Lighting should not be an afterthought. Particular emphasis needs to be given to the Well considered lighting can help to elevate ground floor. Maximising the transparency a proposal, providing a clear sense of the of the ground floor is a good way of enabling different elements of the building and its secondary light to spill out, connecting the contribution within the streetscene. inside and outside.

Focal lighting should emphasise entrances and porches, making them safe and inviting.

09 10

09-10 | Internal lighting can help animate the street CASE STUDY: AMSTERDAM Amsterdam is a buzzing, dynamic city with streets and public spaces that are full of life. Frontages activated by cafes, shops, bars and KEY other uses create ever-changing streetscapes that are safe and stimulating places to be. REQUIREMENTS

Narrow frontages create dynamic streets with multiple doors bringing • Have an understanding of how the design life and activity onto the street. Lots responds to street hierarchy; of windows increase overlooking NAME OF PRECEDENT onto the street, enhancing natural • Have considered how the ground floor surveillance and observation. Nem id quat plat abo. Olorestrum design contributesfacerum quatece periorehendi to creating a safe and doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. active street;

Active ground floors along the water’s • Have facilitated safe and enjoyable public edge create a safe and attractive realm. environment in which people want to spend time.

NAME OF PRECEDENT Nem id quat plat abo. Olorestrum RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES: facerum quatece periorehendi doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. CC6 CC7 CC9 CC10 EN1 EN2 EN3 DM1 PA1 HERITAGE MIXED USE MIXED USE DEVELOPER DEVELOPER MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT AND STRATEGIC AND STRATEGIC TALL BUILDINGS TALL CONTRIBUTIONS CITY CENTRE HIGH CITY CENTRE HIGH CHARACTER AREAS CHARACTER DESIGN PRINCIPLES DESIGN PRINCIPLES DESIGN AND HERITAGE A PLACE FOR EVERYONE A PLACE DENSITY DEVELOPMENT

ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE:

MAKE IT EASY TO GET AROUND

Manchester’s residential areas should be well connected, easily walkable and cycle friendly.

Successful neighbourhoods are promoting How easy (or just as importantly how difficult) healthy lifestyles that make it easy for people these journeys are can dictate whether, how to get around, in particular by means other and how frequently we take them. than the car. For those with access to a car; the more While our home is where we retreat to and difficult a journey is, the more complicated feel secure, we all have a relationship with and unsafe it is perceived to be, the greater the the surrounding streets, neighbourhoods likelihood is that we will resort to a car rather and wider city. We travel to and from work, than walk or cycle. school or University. We use facilities such as This has direct implications for the health and nurseries and crèche, libraries and healthcare. well-being of the city’s residents. We need to go to the shops, and travel to enjoy activities and also for exercise including Manchester’s ambition as a world class, ease of accessibility to healthy green and blue sustainable city means that this balance needs infrastructure networks in the city. to shift; reducing our dependence on the car by providing alternatives not only helps to connect people together but also tackle health problems and obesity.

Infrastructure encourages various types of movement 65

ROCHDALE

BURY KEY

CHEETHAM HILL

INGREDIENTS HARPURHEY

OLDHAM NEWTON HEATH

EASTLANDS

A CONNECTED NETWORK SALFORD CITY CENTRE OPENSHAW Manchester has developed a comprehensive Residential development should easily public transport network in recent years, which connect to the existing public transport continues to improve and extend across the network in order to encourage more GORTON

city. sustainable movement choices. LONGSIGHT HULME

RUSHOLME

FALLOWFIELD LEVENSHULME MODAL CHOICE CHORLTON

Residential development within Manchester Consideration should also be given to WITHINGTON TRAFFORD should aim to offer true modal choice, facilitating connections to the public transport prioritising walking and cycling in the first network; development should address instance as a key component in developing the manner in which it connects to public sustainable neighbourhoods and healthy transport. DIDSBURY communities. STOCKPORT BAGULEY NORTHENDEN

LEGIBILITY

Making sure that we can find our way around Retaining important features or views to WYTHENSHAWE without getting lost and confused is an existing landmarks, as well as providing important objective. Even in the 21st Century, new landmarks and use within the design where we rely on our smart-phones to navigate of the public realm, is critical in helping to our way around we still rely on physical cues understand the place and its position within to help us. the city. MANCHESTER AIRPORT

Metrolink

Railway 67

KEY ACTIONS

01 | Promote cycling culture

1 ENHANCE WALKABILITY

NEIGHBOURHOOD New residential development should make it Proposals should ensure that the street STREET/BLOCK easy for people to walk to local facilities. structure and layout creates effective and obvious links to the existing pedestrian ADDRESS BUILDING Walking routes should be safe, obvious, well network, along routes that are well used. designed and organised along routes that are active. Pedestrian routes should be well overlooked by surrounding buildings that have an Pavements should be generous with good interrelationship with the street. quality landscaping, reduced clutter and desirable crossing points. The ground floor should also be active to encourage physical interaction and enable A choice of routes is also desirable. natural surveillance.

2 PROMOTE CYCLING

NEIGHBOURHOOD Proposals should help to make cycling an Where new routes are proposed these should STREET/BLOCK everyday activity, providing opportunities be direct and avoid being fragmented. to cycle to local facilities, employment and ADDRESS BUILDING Cycling can only become more possible and cultural and recreational attractions. popular through the introduction of sufficient There is a comprehensive network of cycling cycle parking and effective and safe storage. routes within Manchester, and residential development should seek to connect with them and/or provide additional links to help this network function better. 69

3 DELIVER A CLEAR STREET HIERARCHY

NEIGHBOURHOOD Proposals larger than a block should introduce A good network provides choice and legibility, STREET/BLOCK a hierarchy of streets. each type of street dictating its own particular design response to width, depth of threshold, ADDRESS BUILDING The most interesting places are those with a presence of street trees and parking solution. clear and obvious street hierarchy: a network of primary streets that deal with through traffic and the greatest amount of activity; a series of secondary and then tertiary streets that accommodate more local movement with improved pedestrian and cycle priority.

02 | Clear street hierarchy and modal choices

4 PROVIDE EASY ACCESS TO PUBLIC NETWORK

NEIGHBOURHOOD The sustainable development of Manchester A good rule of thumb is for development to STREET/BLOCK depends on reducing dependence on the car. be no more than 400m from an existing bus or tram stop, measured along safe, obvious and ADDRESS BUILDING Residential proposals should consider the desirable walking routes. manner in which they encourage access to the wider public transport network. Larger developments will need to consider the capacity of existing infrastructure and in the Proposals should relate to the existing pubic absence of provision or capacity, contribute transport network, and facilitate clear and to additional infrastructure that is capable obvious connections to bus, tram and rail of retaining a key objective of this guidance services. which is to promote means of transport other than the car.

03 04

03-04 | Encourage the use of public transport

5 CREATE A NAVIGABLE PLACE

NEIGHBOURHOOD A key aspect in making it easy to get around is A strong, connected grid of streets that STREET/BLOCK designing to minimise the potential for people connects into the existing street network can to get lost. help people to navigate their way around. ADDRESS BUILDING Residential proposals should be designed to Retaining landmark features such as key promote legibility: using existing landmarks buildings or significant mature trees can assist or creating new ones; exploiting views; wayfinding and orientation. introducing wayfinding; responding to the Public art should be considered as a means to pattern and grain of surrounding development promote identity and to assist in wayfinding. (either through reinforcing it or contrasting with it).

05 06

05-06 | Navigation and wayfinding CASE STUDY: COPENHAGEN Copenhagen is one of the most cycle-friendly cities in the world. Both walking and cycling have been carefully integrated into the design of the cityscape. KEY REQUIREMENTS

The Council will require Applicants to demonstrate how proposals:

• Facilitate and encourage walking and cycling; NAME OF PRECEDENT • Create clear, safe and obvious © Copyright to be confirmed © Copyright to be confirmed Nem id quat plat abo. Olorestrum connectionsfacerum toquatece the periorehendi public transport doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. ABOVE network; Vester Voldgade Street forms a key connection between Copenhagen • Define a clear street hierarchy; and central station and the waterfront. A clear, well-designed street • Support opportunities to improve hierarchy incorporating street wayfinding and orientation. trees and high-quality materials creates a functional and attractive environment, encouraging walking and cycling along this important route.

CC5 T1 DM1 B

LEFT The practicalities of moving TRANSPORT TRANSPORT around the city have been carefully STANDARDS SUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT considered; bike ramps are DEVELOPMENT integrated along the edges of steps and traffic intersections feature APPENDIX B: PARKING railings and footrests to allow bicycle users to rest whilst waiting at red lights. ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE:

MAKE IT WORK WITH THE LANDSCAPE

A healthy community is a good place to grow up and grow old in. It is one which supports healthy behaviours and supports reductions in health inequalities.

We want greater prosperity, better health, and • Active healthy lifestyles that are made a good quality of life for everyone. Greater easy through the pattern of development, Manchester’s devolution of health seeks to good urban design, good access to local close the gap between those with the best services and facilities; green open space health and those with the worst, to which and safe places for active play and food the City of Manchester can play a direct and growing, and is accessible by walking, significant role. Central to achieving this goal cycling and public transport. is the need to focus on supporting people • The creation of healthy living in managing their own health and providing environments for people of all ages which opportunities for healthy living. supports social interaction. It should meet Residential developments should enhance the the needs of children and young people physical and mental health of the existing and to grow and develop, as well as being future community and, where appropriate, adaptable to the needs of an increasingly encourage: elderly population.

Vulkan sustainable neighbourhood, Oslo 75

RIVER IRK

HEATON PARK KEY ROCHDALE CANAL CHEETHAM INGREDIENTS HILL HARPURHEY

NEWTON RIVER GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE RIVER HEATH MEDLOCK IRWELL The presence of and proximity to landscape is Opportunities should be encouraged that link EASTLANDS an important element for a healthy and high together elements of green infrastructure to

quality way of living. make a more comprehensive network. CITY CENTRE

MANCHESTER OPENSHAW Recent work by the Royal Institute of British In neighbourhoods where there is an identified SHIP CANAL ASHTON Architects (RIBA, 2013: City Health Check) shortage of green space, such as Manchester CANAL

highlights the direct correlation between City Centre, new developments should GORTON

green open space and a healthier and happier consider opportunities to provide additional LONGSIGHT HULME population. green spaces where area based planning guidance or a schemes underlying urban BRIDGEWATER RUSHOLME Manchester forms part of the Red Rose CANAL design and heritage appraisal has deemed Community Forest and is set within a it appropriate to do so. In such areas, loss of FALLOWFIELD series of significant green spaces. In some LEVENSHULME green space should be wholly exceptional, and CHORLTON instances however, the green infrastructure is will require an enhanced re-provision of green fragmented and disconnected. space as part of the new development. WITHINGTON Manchester’s green infrastructure should Good green infrastructure is also a key be enhanced, reinforced and well managed component in the building of strong to become an integral part of the city’s community links. Suitable opportunities for neighbourhoods, making healthier, more DIDSBURY allotments / communal growing areas and sustainable and better quality places to live. natural play should be explored. NORTHENDEN BAGULEY RIVER MERSEY

BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE Manchester has a significant network of rivers The network is also important in terms of and canals. Historically, these waterways amenity, with footpaths and cycleways WYTHENSHAWE helped to shape the city, define the character enabling wider recreation and enjoyment of of its neighbourhoods and provide some of the being alongside water. best opportunities for active as well as passive How residential development connects to recreation. this network is important; protecting and

This blue infrastructure is still a critical enhancing its environmental attributes while MANCHESTER component of the city, providing interest, at the same time enriching people’s lives. AIRPORT biodiversity and habitat as well as offering a RIVER Strategic Green Space source of urban cooling. BOLLIN 77

KEY ACTIONS

01 | Encourage wildlife

1 INCORPORATE LANDSCAPE

NEIGHBOURHOOD Residential developments should consider development of back gardens, front gardens STREET/BLOCK how they engage with and add to the existing and thresholds. green network. ADDRESS BUILDING Where space is limited, smaller scale green Manchester’s topography, its valleys and plains spaces or interventions, as well as vertical provide the city with a distinctive character, surfaces and roofs should be considered, which development should respond to. responding to a wider landscape strategy.

In traditional housing developments proposals Landscape proposals must be well managed should continue and/or add to the landscape and maintained to ensure sustained benefit. network in a manner that is carefully designed and purposed, and offer opportunities for residents to augment it through the 02 03

02 | Green streets enhanced by front gardens 03 | Integrate existing landscape into the development

2 CONNECT WITH THE CITY’S WATERWAYS

NEIGHBOURHOOD Manchester’s rivers and canals historically There are a number of ways to interact with STREET/BLOCK played an important role within the city. Now, water: directly through physical proximity these waterways provide an oasis for activity by orientating to it; or indirectly through the ADDRESS BUILDING within the city, and carve the most direct non- senses by providing glimpses of the river vehicular routes through and into the heart network or opportunities to hear the water. of Manchester. It is essential that residential Both approaches add value to our living development appreciates the relationship environment; offering a valuable connection to water and maximises the opportunities to water as well as assisting in orientation and presented by it. wayfinding. Water has a calming and restorative impact, and the city’s waterways should be an integral part of residential proposals to provide 0304 05 healthy neighbourhoods and attractive living environments. 04 | Indirect interaction with the water (visual) 05 | Direct physical proximity to the water 79

3 PROTECT AND ENHANCE BIODIVERSITY

NEIGHBOURHOOD Successful neighbourhoods are those that The introduction of new landscape and STREET/BLOCK integrate into the surrounding landscape and associated biodiversity can take a number support biodiversity and natural ecosystems. of forms; from green public spaces and ADDRESS BUILDING waterways; gardens, green walls and roofs; Biodiversity is important to aid the city’s allotments and communal gardens. resilience. It helps the natural environmental balance, moderate temperatures and combats In each case the introduction of all or any pollution. of these can allow healthy ecosystems and wildlife habitats to develop in the city. Residential development should consider how it can work with nature to create attractive, sustainable environments, connecting into the wider network of green spaces to provide clear natural breathing spaces across the city. 06 07

06-07 | Green roofs and walls can support biodiversity

4 INTRODUCE STREET TREES

NEIGHBOURHOOD Trees are perhaps the most visible Green walls and roofs should be particularly STREET/BLOCK components of green infrastructure. encouraged in high density areas where little existing green space or few opportunities can ADDRESS BUILDING Street trees fulfil a number of important be provided. benefits. They have an obvious aesthetic value, adding to the character of a place; and Where street trees are introduced by private have significant capacity to adapt urban areas developers, an understanding of the local to climate change by improving air quality, environment and future maintenance should promoting urban cooling and providing shade inform the correct specification of trees both and shelter. above and below the ground. This will allow the benefits to be secured without future Street trees can help to introduce a clear street maintenance liability. As street trees will hierarchy, defining green linkages in the wider generally be self-sufficient after the first 5 landscape network. 08 09 years, a 5-year maintenance guarantee will be Pavements should be wide enough to required. 08 | Street trees add ecological value 09 | Alternative urban greening should be encouraged accommodate trees, while retaining Where loss of trees have been deemed movement and access. Where space is appropriate or unavoidable as part of new limited or underground services restrict or development by the Council, replacement prohibit, alternative urban greening should be provision of 2 to 1 equivalent will be required. considered.

10 11

10-11 | Street trees can introduce a clear street hierarchy 81

5 APPRECIATE THE MICROCLIMATE

NEIGHBOURHOOD Residential development should understand The quality of detailing and construction, as STREET/BLOCK and work with Manchester’s distinctive well as the choice of materials is of critical microclimate, recognising the amount of importance in determining how well buildings ADDRESS BUILDING rainfall while maximising any solar benefits. age, which can have a major impact on the perception of streets and neighbourhoods and Rain is an inevitable occurrence in the city, and how the city looks over time. the approach to water management, as well as the design and layout of streets is an essential Buildings that are taller than their immediate pre-requisite of any new development. surroundings will have an impact on the wind environment at street level. Where this is the Buildings should be designed in such a way as case, wind analysis should be undertaken to to cope with this eventuality and, crucially, still understand and where required mitigate the look good over time, do not stain or look tired. effects of wind on pedestrian comfort and safety. 12 13

12-13 | Design should recognise the amount of rainfall and maximise solar benefits

6 INCORPORATE SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE

NEIGHBOURHOOD The management of rainwater is an essential The range of possible solutions: from STREET/BLOCK element to support the city’s resilience permeable surfaces to green roofs and swales strategy, but this does not mean that it needs have a number of applications that can be ADDRESS BUILDING to be either unsightly or hidden away. tailored to specific site circumstances. In most cases the introduction of water can have While Manchester has a history of culverting a positive impact within wider landscape its waterways, sustainable rainwater proposals, adding to the aesthetic and management can be viewed as a positive, environmental value of a place. integrated element of any proposals. Integrating urban drainage into the landscape SUDS schemes have a number of benefits. can also provide destinations for social activities and interaction.

14 15

14-15 | Sustainable urban drainage approaches CASE STUDY: STRASSE 88, ZEHLENDORF HOUSING KEY SCHEME, BERLIN Completed in 1993, the scheme comprises of 172 housing units REQUIREMENTS between two and six storeys.

The Council will require Applicants to demonstrate how proposals:

What makes it a great example is its natural-looking grain within a wider • Have a clear rationale for how the scheme busy city environment. sits within the landscape; NAME OF PRECEDENT • ConnectNem to id the quat widerplat abo. greenOlorestrum and blue infrastructurefacerum quatece network; periorehendi doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. • Introduce street trees; and • Incorporate rainwater management.

Rainwater is harvested from the roofs and stored in underground cisterns after particles are filtered and it is UV treated - it can be used as garden watering. Permeable NAME OF PRECEDENT paving is used where possible. Nem id quat plat abo. Olorestrum RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES: A wind turbine and solar panels facerum quatece periorehendi provide power to pump water from doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. the pond. H10 EN10 EN11 EN12 EN14 EN15 DM1 FLOOD RISK FLOOD BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT CONSERVATION SUPPORT NEEDS SUPPORT AND RECREATION AND GEOLOGICAL AND GEOLOGICAL WITH ADDITIONAL WITH ADDITIONAL SPACE, SPORT AND AND SPORT SPACE, OPEN SPACE, SPORT SPORT OPEN SPACE, AREA PRIORITIES FOR AREA PRIORITIES FOR SAFEGUARDING OPEN OPEN SAFEGUARDING HOUSING FOR PEOPLE HOUSING FOR PEOPLE RECREATION FACILITIES RECREATION SPORT AND RECREATION SPORT QUALITY OF OPEN SPACE, OF OPEN SPACE, QUALITY

ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE: 85

MAKE IT PRACTICAL

Residential design must get the day to day things right; to make sure that ‘back of house’ remains just that.

All residential areas have to function and Getting these basics right is critical, not simply Manchester is no exception. because they make residents’ lives better but also because when they are wrong they tend While the entrance foyers and the balconies to undermine an otherwise good intention. may be the things that make the brochures, it is the layer of infrastructure that sits beneath Manchester intends to tackle these challenges the surface that is the thing that makes a place head on: advocating a range of solutions for tick. It is the real test of how successful a place waste management and recycling to ensure is. that bins do not dominate the streetscene; that parking is appropriate to the area and Often, it becomes noticeable when it is supports a neighbourhood; and that cycle wrong: ill-thought out solutions to litter bins parking is in the best place for those that use can see them cluttering street corners and it. bin stores overflow; car parking can often become the dominant feature in a street (and dictate design) rather than a well thought out component of it; cycle parking becomes an afterthought and located in a place where it is unlikely ever to be used.

Ancoats, Manchester 87

DEALING WITH CARS KEY Manchester is, by its very nature, a sustainable Providing sufficient car parking in an location with access to a range of facilities and appropriate manner is important in ensuring INGREDIENTS served by a range of transport modes. that cars do not dominate the street. A key goal for Manchester is to reduce its CO2 Often the surrounding context may provide a emissions and develop a sustainable future. steer as to the appropriate solution, but this is not always the case and solutions may need to At the same time, the city needs to continue offer an alternative approach. to function and retain its competitiveness. As a consequence, there is a need to balance the provision of sufficient parking with the need to encourage different, more sustainable modes of transport and working towards reducing the dependence on the car.

TIDY UP WASTE Manchester encourages recycling, and wants Bin storage should be carefully considered so to encourage a greater proportion of recycled that it is integrated into the design without waste. having a negative impact on the surrounding environment and yet remains easy to collect. The city has four bins per property, three of which are for recycled waste. Dealing with Larger residential blocks should explore the this in a sensitive yet practical manner is of potential of recycling internally, and explore paramount importance to ensure that multiple other innovative solutions to both reducing bins do not end up dominating building waste, maximising recycling and limiting the thresholds and streets. impact that waste has on the design and layout of residential developments.

CYCLE PARKING AND STORAGE Manchester encourages cycling and wants it Although not always the case, bicycles can be to make a growing contribution to transport expensive and need well thought out, safe and choices in the future. protected storage solutions.

Residential development needs to play its Just as importantly, storage needs to be part, ensuring the correct facilities are in place designed so that those using them feel safe to make cycling convenient, safe and practical. and there are clear, unobstructed views into and from cycle storage. 89

KEY ACTIONS

1 OFFER APPROPRIATE SOLUTIONS TO CAR PARKING

NEIGHBOURHOOD Manchester is highly accessible, and has In these scenarios, higher levels of cycle STREET/BLOCK invested significantly in public transport, to parking provision and car clubs will be become the easiest place to get around by appropriate. Clearly, car parking demand will ADDRESS BUILDING means of transport other than the car in the also be influenced by the availability of public UK, outside of London. transport.

Notwithstanding, the city’s residential In the city centre, the ability to deliver car areas, will continue to generate demand for parking on site at a level that will fully car parking spaces. As with other areas of satisfy demand is often a product of the this guidance, there is no ‘one size fits all’ configuration, size, topography and ground approach to car parking and it should be conditions associated with a particular site. considered on a site by site basis. Small infill sites in the city centre are often key to wider regeneration outcomes; however, in For residential schemes within Manchester’s isolation it is extremely difficult to meet on site suburban areas, new development will requirements. 01 continue to be required to accord with existing 02 policy and standards (MCC Core Strategy; With listed buildings, for example, it is often 01 | Using landscape to mitigate large parking areas 02 | Clear users hierarchy Appendix B). impossible to accommodate car parking in a manner that does not compromise the For apartment schemes within the city architectural and historic qualities of that centre, there are a number of variables that asset. In these scenarios there is a need to will affect parking demand within a particular look more holistically at car parking provision development. In particular these are the across an area, and utilise appropriate off site tenure and price point of a development. car parking solutions to meet demand. As a general rule, in this regard, higher end apartment schemes aimed at owner occupiers This may for example involve the use of multi- will tend to generate higher levels of demand. storey car parks, which increasingly are Conversely, the emerging build to rent sector is located or proposed around the edges of the very much targeted at a younger demographic city centre with easy vehicular access of the attracted to the city centre lifestyle and who Inner Ring Road. New multi-storey car parking, have a higher potential and tendency to view in carefully identified locations, to meet car ownership as more of a constraint than a demand for car parking both from resident and requirement. commuters should be supported, particularly as surface car parks get redeveloped. 03 04

03 | Multi-storey car parks on the periphery of the city 04 | On-street parking 91

There is a need to create a critical mass, mix §§ Identification of sufficient off-site capacity, and diversity of apartment / house types in within 5 minutes’ walk of the proposed the city centre and therefore a site by site development, to accommodate designated consideration of appropriate car parking spaces associated with the development provision based on an assessment against key (via a long term leasehold to be available criteria. for the life of the development);

§§ Provision of designated on-street parking, RECOMMENDED PARKING STANDARDS subject to satisfactorily demonstrating In accordance with the ‘comply or justify’ the spaces will be properly designed approach of this document, the following and integrated into the street scene in standards are required: agreement with the Local Planning and §§ City Centre - Developments will be required Highways Authority, and in accordance to provide a minimum 30 - 40% parking with the wider principles of this document. provision for developments within 800m Demonstrating that the full car parking walk of a public transport node (bus requirement cannot be achieved via a car corridor, tram stop or train stop); parking solution that is both viable and does §§ Outside City Centre - new apartment not compromise the relationship of the new development will be expected to provide development to the street in terms of the 100% parking provision as a starting point: creation of active frontages (in this scenario suitable off site provision will be required in In both scenarios, reduced on site provision accordance with the criteria set out above). may be justified on the basis of: Provision of robust research and market §§ Secure cycle parking in excess of 50% evidence to demonstrate that lower levels of provision relative to apartment numbers, (4 car parking demand will be appropriate for a cycle spaces per car park space) particular scheme.

05 | Underground car parking

2 PROVIDE CYCLE PARKING AND STORAGE

NEIGHBOURHOOD Cycling should not simply be a convenient On street cycle parking should be in obvious, STREET/BLOCK and enjoyable activity, it should be easy and well-overlooked locations and well lit. practical as well. ADDRESS BUILDING In higher density blocks, shared cycle parking Cycle storage should actively encourage use; should be accessed through the main lobby designed, located and managed in such a way or a dedicated entrance at street level to that residents feel that their bike is in a safe ensure it is safe and secure. Outdoor visitor and secure location, and that they themselves cycle parking should be securely located feel safe using it. under cover to provide appropriate weather protection. The design of internal layouts should be evaluated in anticipation that bicycles may be stored within the home. 0506 06

06 | Outdoors cycle parking integrated into threshold 93

3 ACCOMMODATE TEMPORARY STOPPING

NEIGHBOURHOOD Residential areas need to function well and services, there is a need to ensure that delivery STREET/BLOCK be able to cater for the day to day activities vehicles can stop appropriately and that taxis that naturally take place: delivery drivers can wait in a safe, obvious and well lit location ADDRESS BUILDING dropping off parcels; taxi drivers picking up near to the entrance. and dropping off through the day, evening and An adequately sized bay should be provided night. to enable these activities to take place without In traditional residential streets this should blocking or dominating the streetscene. normally be resolved through the natural ebb and flow of vehicles through the day.

In higher density developments with communal entrances, where there are a greater number of people that can use these 0208

06 | Loading bays should be considered

4 DESIGN FOR WASTE

NEIGHBOURHOOD Incorporating an integrated waste solution Waste storage areas must be accessible to REFUSE WASTE CAPACITY DRY RECYCLING WASTE CAPACITY STREET/BLOCK within developments is of paramount the local authority refuse collection service, importance and the Council’s Waste Guidance or be collected by a private contractor. Waste For high density developments, the following will apply: Each Property within the Development should have a minimum capacity of ADDRESS BUILDING 55 litres of pulpable material (in blue waste bins) and 55 litres of Co-mingled must be adhered to by all residential management strategies will be secured via Each property within the development is entitled material (in brown waste bins) per fortnight (collected on alternate weeks). to of refuse capacity per week. developments. Planning Conditions or Planning Obligations 110 litres N The Number of Properties in the Development. N The Number of Properties in the Development to ensure they are maintained for the life of the P The Minimum Pulpaple Volume Capacity of the Development. Each individual household must be able to V The Refuse Waste Volume Capacity of the Development. consent. The Minimum Co-mingled Volume Capacity of the Development. contain a minimum area that would house 4 x C V = N x 110 Litres 240L bins externally. In higher density developments other options P = N x 55 litres | C = N x 55 litres should be considered, such as chutes, The volume capacity can be provided through 1100 litre containers, 770 litre containers, 660 litre The volume capacity can be provided through 1100 litre containers, 770 WASTE CAPACITY communal collection points and mini recycling containers or a combination of all three. litre containers, 660 litre containers or for smaller developments 240 hubs. litre containers. Again, a combination of all of these can be used. Bins and bin stores should be well designed The development should provide at least the eligible The development should not go below the minimum threshold of ‘P’ or ‘C’ and not dominate the threshold of a property. Larger scale projects may also consider the capacity calculated as ‘V’. If possible, bin stores should be located to the use of integrated Combined Heat and Power rear of properties, or within communal waste (CHP) systems or anaerobic digestion, if storage areas so they are not visible from the practical and can be maintained for the life of street. the building.

WASTE REFUSE FOOD AND FOOD WASTE MIXED CO-MINGLED TYPE GARDEN WASTE (Properties PULPABLES (Glass / cans / (Properties with without Gardens) (Paper /cardboard plastics) Gardens)

CONTAINER Wheeled Black Separate Green Wheeled Brown Wheeled Green bin Wheeled Blue bin TYPE bin food caddy bin

CAPACITY 240 litres 240 litres 23 litres 140 or 240 litres 140 or 240 litres

09 10

09 | Indoor bin storage 10 | Communal recycling bins CASE STUDY: MALMÖ The city of Malmö in Sweden has a very functional yet imaginative approach when it comes to getting KEY the practical aspects of city life right. REQUIREMENTS

In the BO01 area of the city, waste • Incorporate sufficient car parking in an and recycling is collected in outdoor vacuum chutes which suck the appropriate location that does not harm waste through underground pipes pedestrianNAME movement; OF PRECEDENT to the outskirts of the area, where Nem id quat plat abo. Olorestrum it is collected by refuse trucks. This • Provide facerumsecure quatece cycle periorehendi parking for residents keeps the neighbourhood free doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. from the clutter of bins and refuse and visitors, which is safe and convenient vehicles. and within the envelope of the building; • Provide sufficient bin storage to accord with MCC’s standards and is conveniently located with minimal impact on the streetscene; and • Have considered where temporary Parallel parking bays are stopping could be accommodated. NAME OF PRECEDENT transformed into bold, practical Nem id quat plat abo. Olorestrum and attractive cycle parking stands facerum quatece periorehendi throughout the city. RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES: doluptatur solupid eliscie necest.

H10 EN19 CC6 CC9 CC10 DM1 WASTE MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT NEEDS SUPPORT WITH ADDITIONAL WITH ADDITIONAL CITY CENTRE HIGH CITY CENTRE HIGH HOUSING FOR PEOPLE HOUSING FOR PEOPLE DESIGN AND HERITAGE A PLACE FOR EVERYONE A PLACE DENSITY DEVELOPMENT

ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE:

MAKE IT FUTURE PROOF

Manchester is committed to achieving zero carbon by 2050 and sets out its plan to achieving this within ‘Manchester: A Certain Future’.

Manchester is committed to achieving zero §§ to reduce the need for energy through carbon by 2050 and sets out its plan to energy efficient features such as improved achieving this within ‘Manchester: A Certain insulation and glazing; and Future’. §§ to meet residual energy requirements The design of residential development has a through the use of low or zero carbon clear role to play as part of this strategy and energy generating technologies. proposals will be expected to accord with In proposing the most appropriate solutions adopted Core Strategy policies as a starting for reducing carbon emissions, it will point. The design and construction of new be necessary to consider the long term homes will therefore be expected to achieve feasibility of the solutions proposed, in carbon reduction by addressing the energy terms of management, running costs and hierarchy: responsibilities. Recognising the importance §§ to reduce the need for energy through of securing longer term solutions will help design features that provide passive to build, year on year, to achieving the 2050 heating, natural lighting and cooling; target.

Ancoats, Manchester 99

RESILIENCE KEY Recent years have witnessed a far greater It is clear is that the design of cities, with degree of unpredictability in weather patterns residential development as a key component, INGREDIENTS than we have experienced in generations. needs to consider how best to adapt to a changing and more unpredictable climate. We have had far greater rainfall and associated flooding events than we can recall in living Manchester is committed to ensuring the memory. resilience of its built environment is improved and maximised, and therefore this will be a key Future years may bring a shift to more consideration in new residential development. significant drought effects, with different but equally serious impacts.

ADAPTABILITY AND FLEXIBILITY Homes that we provide today need to have Adaptability can encompass a variety of longevity; these are the places that should different components: it begins with the need become the most desirable neighbourhoods in to explore the retention and reuse our existing decades to come. building stock; the need to accommodate shifts in demographics, in lifestyle and ways Residential development should consider how of living; the need to anticipate changes in best it can adapt to meet both anticipated and family structure and organisation; the need to projected changes that will take place in the facilitate adaptation to meet the needs of an future. ageing population, or those with disabilities or declining health.

TECHNOLOGY Manchester has a target to become a leading As part of operational management strategies, digital city. applicants should consider the benefits of new technologies to establish networks (for Residential development should play a big example, via social media). Such networks part in realising this, incorporating technology can be used to share information to build within its fabric that can future proof its more informed and resilient residential accommodation, and through that make communities. Manchester a more connected, democratic and liveable city. 101

KEY ACTIONS

1 INCORPORATE SUSTAINABLE DESIGN APPROACHES

NEIGHBOURHOOD Manchester is committed to building more Applicants will be required to demonstrate STREET/BLOCK energy efficient homes, which benefits both that they have considered what contribution the city and its residents through reduced fuel the type and methods of construction ADDRESS BUILDING bills and energy consumption will make to deliver a more sustainable 01 development. Residential development should be designed 01 | Solar efficient sustainable design to incorporate sustainable approaches: the To help to achieve Manchester’s long term creation of an efficient envelope; appreciating target of becoming zero carbon by 2050, it the solar aspect of façades and window sizes. is essential that on-site energy technologies are not only considered in the short term, Schemes will be required to demonstrate a regarding energy production and cost. As part hierarchy of measures that can exceed the of a longer term view, development proposals Building Regulations requirement for reduced will be required to provide details of how the energy and water consumption. This will on-site energy production will be operated, included the use of on-site power generation maintained and potentially adapted over and water harvesting for example. New the life of the building through a formalised developments will be required to meet all strategy. relevant national standards and mandatory 03 City Council Core Strategy Policies with regard 02 to energy and water consumption. 02 | Sustainable design that is solar efficient 03 | Sustainable design that considers the micorclimate

2 EMBRACE NEW IDEAS

NEIGHBOURHOOD Residential development should consider and the amenity of existing residents during STREET/BLOCK how it could use technology to enhance living construction (for example off-site or modular within Manchester. Boundaries are always systems); comfort and sustainability. ADDRESS BUILDING being explored and broken, and residential Introducing smart technology to control development should look to harness the latest heating and cooling can prevent wasted technology to create sustainable and future energy within the home and save on bills. proof homes and neighbourhoods. The collection and dynamic analysis of Opportunities to embrace technology should data should be considered an essential be considered throughout the design and contribution embedded technology could construction processes, not simply relying on make to the quality of residential living in the ‘gadgets’ at the fit out or occupation stages. city. The sustained growth of build-to-rent By embedding appropriate technologies into property, focused on high quality management design and building fabric, the maximum and service, provides the perfect opportunity benefits can be captured. to capture extensive post-occupancy data New construction can take advantage of the that will in turn influence future design, 10 11 latest technologies to improve building quality construction and management practices. 10 | Electric car charging spaces within the City 11 | Modular and flexible housing 103

3 ADAPT TO DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES

NEIGHBOURHOOD Manchester must develop residential accommodation, in the event that a change STREET/BLOCK accommodation and neighbourhoods that are in lifestyle is required at a point in the future. truly long term. Such an approach will ensure the long term ADDRESS BUILDING use of new residential buildings. Residential development must be flexible and adaptable in order to stay appropriate and Proposals designed for a specific demographic desirable into the future, and have the capacity must provide a design response to the specific to accommodate our needs throughout our needs of the identified group. Due to the lives. bespoke nature of such proposals and to ensure the operation of the development has Where proposals are designed for a specific been thoroughly considered in the design, demographic, the Applicant will be required the Council will expect to be provided with to provide illustrative plans to demonstrate evidence of a commitment from an operator that the building is sufficiently flexible to 06 07 prior to, or at the point a planning be easily converted for standard residential application is submitted. 06-07 | Residential development that is flexible to different needs

4 ANTICIPATE EXTREME WEATHER CONDITIONS

NEIGHBOURHOOD As our climate warms and sea levels rise, Major developments will not only be expected STREET/BLOCK extreme weather events will occur more to undertake environmental testing based on frequently with devastating consequences: the current climatic conditions (eg. Flood Risk ADDRESS BUILDING over the last thirty years, the majority of Assessments), but they will also be expected Europe’s catastrophic events have been to assess future climate scenarios. Applicants climate related, with huge economic costs. will be required to assess the potential implications of their development and provide Greater Manchester is no different, as our effective and appropriate mitigation measures. region is already changing, broadly in line with Where necessary, measures will be required the direction of the future climate projections. to future proof buildings, for example where By 2050, Greater Manchester’s annual mean a connection to a district heating network temperature could have increased by as much is likely to be possible. Further guidance as 3.6°C, with our winters 36% wetter and on future climate scenarios is provided by summers 36% drier. The design of residential 08 09 EcoCities (http://www.adaptingmanchester. development should therefore address co.uk). 08-09 | Design adaptable to extreme weather conditions potential weather extremes.

5 THINK RETROFIT AND REUSE FIRST

NEIGHBOURHOOD A principal consideration in relation to their construction and materials. STREET/BLOCK sustainable design concerns the retention and Residential development should be mindful reuse of existing buildings. ADDRESS BUILDING of the need to retain key features, and – in Retaining buildings can have significant buildings with generous floor to ceiling heights value in helping to signify a place, or link to a – to work with these proportions to ensure location or part of the city. that new floors do not cut across windows.

There are clear environmental benefits to Where buildings of minimal heritage value are retaining existing buildings, not only because not considered to be fit for purpose, this needs of their heritage and contextual value but to be fully justified within an urban design/ 10 11 because of the amount of embodied energy in architectural appraisal. 10 | Sensitive reuse of existing mill buildings 11 | Additions should respect the existing character CASE STUDY: CLIMATE QUARTER, COPENHAGEN The city of Copenhagen has implemented a series of projects in Østerbro to create a climate- KEY resilient neighbourhood. REQUIREMENTS

The Council will require Applicants to Managing the rainwater differently, demonstrate how proposals: gives opportunities to use it as a resource that integrates greener urban spaces within the public • Have mitigated for a higher risk of realm and at the same time provides new climate-resilient extreme weather events, both new and in solutions. relation NAMEto future OF PRECEDENT modelling; Nem id quat plat abo. Olorestrum • Have retainedfacerum quatece and incorporatedperiorehendi fit for doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. purpose buildings of heritage value; • Are able to be adaptable to accommodate change; and CASE STUDY: WATERPLEIN, ROTTERDAM • Consider the use of technology to reduce Completed in 2013, the Waterplein in energy use. Rotterdam is a dual purpose public space that transforms in response to the climate. When dry, the space forms a sunken plaza, utilised for sports and recreation. In extreme rainfall, the plaza NAME OF PRECEDENT becomes a retention pond, filling up Nem id quat plat abo. Olorestrum RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES: with rainwater which is then gradually facerum quatece periorehendi released back into the groundwater. doluptatur solupid eliscie necest. EN4 EN5 EN6 EN7 EN8 EN9 DM1

© Copyright to be confirmed EMISSIONS EMISSIONS ENERGY AND AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT ADAPTATION TO TO ADAPTATION OPPORTUNITIES CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE BY ENABLING LOW ENABLING LOW BY ENERGY SUPPLIES ENERGY AND ZERO CARBON CARBON AND ZERO REDUCTIONS FROM FROM REDUCTIONS LOW OR ZERO CARBON CARBON OR ZERO LOW STRATEGIC AREAS FOR AREAS FOR STRATEGIC CO 2 LOW AND ZERO CARBON CARBON AND ZERO LOW DECENTRALISED ENERGY ENERGY DECENTRALISED GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE TARGET FRAMEWORK FOR FOR FRAMEWORK TARGET REDUCING CO 2

ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE:

MAKE IT A HOME

It is essential to ensure that all new of homes are places that people want to live in.

A home is a very personal place; it is where Appropriate space standards, as well as an we spend our time with loved ones or enjoy in emphasis on storage, will assist in these private. choices.

In most cases, our home is the extension of Good quality residential development should our personality - not simply in the choice of enable rather than restrict these choices, location but also the manner in which we have allowing us to grow, develop and contribute to decorated it, the things we choose to display the community that we live in. and the manner in which we do so. The growth of our families or possessions Adequate natural light throughout the home is should not become the factors that govern essential, not only in reducing the dependence whether we move or stay within the on artificial light but also engendering a sense communities we make our homes. of health and well-being.

Our home should enable us to grow into it, providing sufficient space and storage to accommodate our changing needs and circumstances in life: for when we decide to start a family or to allow us to welcome family back home; to allow us to adapt for a disability for a loved one or accommodate our changing physical needs; to offer space or to allow us to work from home. 109

A CLEAR THRESHOLD AND ENTRANCE KEY The approach and entrance to a building is Developments and buildings of different sizes, the threshold between public and private types and tenures require different design INGREDIENTS realms: the indoors and the outdoors; the solutions: a for-sale block of flats may require outside world and our home where we feel an multiple entrances to individual cores serving additional level of safety and security. 6–8 units per level and perhaps a total of 30 flats; a managed block with a concierge facility Thresholds vary depending on the type of may have a greater number. residential development but exhibit similar characteristics: whether between private and In each example the threshold and entrance semi-private spaces; communal spaces and to each type will be different but should result corridors; front doors surrounding shared in a solution that enriches both the street courtyards. environment and residents’ experiences.

Manchester requires the design of approaches – entrances, lobbies and corridors – to be to the highest quality and appropriate to the size and scale of the development, the number of homes being accessed and the surrounding street and block.

SPACE AND DAYLIGHT The quality of space and light has a profound approaches that do not meet the standards, impact on a resident’s experience and but yet can demonstrate that they will still enjoyment of their home. Well-planned and be appropriate to user demands, be of the sufficient space for living and sleeping, as well highest quality and benefit the community. as adequately sized kitchens, bathrooms and In apartment developments, achieving storage spaces is a key requirement for new daylight within internal corridors is desirable developments, conversions or alterations. in reducing the reliance on artificial light and While excessive regulation can be a barrier providing a connection to the outside world. to the delivery of the range and quality of accommodation required over the coming years, the approach should be to achieve and exceed the National Described Space Standards, supported by the national technical standards embedded in the Building Regulations as a baseline.

This should not preclude the consideration of 111

STORAGE As much as technology seems to suggest that Residential development needs to appreciate we no longer need books, photos, mementos the need to provide a sensible amount of and so on, the reality is that we often retain a storage; catering for everything from everyday desire or a strong need to keep things. household items through to play and sports equipment. Often, these things become important after a period of time; such as baby clothes and toys Working from home is an increasing option for coming back into use. In other instances they those seeking to balance home and work, and are happy reminders of past events that we there should be scope to set up an office to reconnect with intermittently. accommodate this.

The need for storage depends upon our time of life and personal experiences, and needs to be borne in mind when developing proposals, especially given the projected rise in families living within the city.

PRIVACY Domestic and personal privacy will become The amount of privacy may also depend increasingly important as densities increase. on the end user. For those with young and growing families, or the elderly, private Residential development should demonstrate outdoor amenity space can be a necessity; for that privacy can be delivered in a variety of others with limited time it can often be seen as circumstances: between the public and private an unnecessary maintenance burden. realms; between neighbouring residential units; and between living and bedroom Needs change as our circumstances alter, spaces. however, and residential development should be designed in a way as to allow us to grow The nature of this, and what might be and develop. appropriate, should depend and be influenced by its location within the city, the prevailing Providing outdoor amenity space that is well street pattern and the degree of enclosure. located, safe and well-landscaped is necessary in certain types of accommodation, depending on who is living there and over what period of time. 113

KEY ACTIONS

1 CONSIDER SPACE AND DAYLIGHT

NEIGHBOURHOOD Space standards within dwellings should Maximising natural daylight is important, with 01 STREET/BLOCK comply with the National Described Space floor to ceiling heights at a minimum 2.4m in Standards as a minimum. living and bedroom spaces. A minimum height 01 | Semi-private spaces offer room for personalisation outside of one’s home ADDRESS BUILDING of 2.5m will be strongly encouraged in all In assessing space standards for a particular habitable areas. development, consideration needs to be the planning and laying out of the home and the Added to this, there should be larger windows, manner in which its design creates distinct and particularly to living areas, with an aspect of adequate spaces for living, sleeping, kitchens, the sky and direct views of external spaces bathrooms and storage. such as gardens, courtyards, streets, parks and open spaces The size of rooms should be sufficient to allow users adequate space to move around The quality of daylight is also important. comfortably, anticipating and accommodating Where possible, there should be direct changing needs and circumstances. sunlight into living spaces; single aspect, north facing accommodation, or that is orientated There should be adequate space for furniture 45 degrees either side of north, should be to be laid out so that rooms are ergonomically avoided. comfortable, allowing for ease of movement and the use of spaces and furniture, offering a sense of space with clear movement routes between and across different spaces.

02 03

02 | Small and compact space 03 | Large windows reduce the need for artificial light 115

2 GET THE INTERNAL CIRCULATION RIGHT

NEIGHBOURHOOD The maximum number of units accessible from Where double loaded corridors are proposed, STREET/BLOCK a single corridor and lift may vary according to care should be taken to ensure that doors the type of development, but will need careful on opposite sides do not face one another ADDRESS BUILDING consideration to ensure that it is efficient, safe directly. Corridors should be adequately and convivial. ventilated to generate air movements and prevent overheating, be easy to maintain and This is a difficult balance; too few can be both constructed of robust materials to minimise uneconomic and remote, while too many can noise, including reverberation noise that might equally lead to an impersonal environment affect residents. with far too many potential neighbours. Residential development of five floors A good rule of thumb in for-sale, intermediate, (including ground) and over should provide shared ownership and social rent a single lift to all corridors, increasing to two developments is in the order of eight units, lifts where there are seven floors (including with corridor lengths kept reasonably short ground). and with minimum width of 1200mm. For larger scale developments, the For managed living, including larger build introduction of a goods lift should be for rent schemes the number of units can considered, which can take larger objects (or be increased to reflect the benefits of fewer muddy bikes) and help with removals. 06 07 heavily used cores linked to shared communal entrances. 06 | Animated entrance to buildings 07 | Internal circulation that encourages interaction

3 PROVIDE APPROPRIATE AND SUFFICIENT STORAGE

NEIGHBOURHOOD STREET/BLOCK Inadequate and difficult to access storage Larger items, such as bicycles, sports spaces can have a profound impact on equipment and larger tools should also be ADDRESS BUILDING the sense of space, use, organisation and considered. This ensures those who require efficiency of a home. At its extreme it can the storage of bigger items still feel welcome drive short tenures and unsafe cluttering of within a higher density urban environment. corridors, balconies and communal spaces.

Developers should be able to demonstrate how storage requirements are met, covering things such as: kitchen items; laundry and clothes drying; cleaning equipment and products; general filing; small tools; seasonal storage; play equipment. 08 © Copyright to be confirmed 09

08 | Consider sufficient storage 09 | Moduar elements can offer hidden storage 117

4 ENSURE VISUAL AND ACOUSTIC PRIVACY

NEIGHBOURHOOD Overlooking (back-to-back) distances between Homes are places of retreat. Residents should STREET/BLOCK residential properties needs to balance the be able to ‘shut out’ the external world and

ADDRESS BUILDING desire for sufficient residential privacy whilst enjoy sleep without suffering from either offering scope for different development external noise generated by traffic or the options to come forward in response to a site’s public realm; or from neighbouring homes, context. common spaces or other functions in the building. While the norm is for a back-to-back distance of 20m, this can be restrictive and a reduction Acoustic separation, when measured at the may be appropriate where facing uses are line of inside face of the external and party compatible, there remains a sufficient amount walls should achieve Building Regulations of daylight and residents enjoy a sense of requirements plus 5dB. space without feeling overcrowded.

Consideration should be given to ways of reducing direct overlooking; for example organising internal rooms so that living spaces are not arranged opposite bedrooms.

10 |

5 DELIVER PRIVATE EXTERNAL AMENITY SPACE

NEIGHBOURHOOD Sufficient private amenity space that meet the For private amenity space to be successful and STREET/BLOCK demands and needs of the intended users will fulfil its function it also needs to be located in be encouraged. the right place to ensure that it is usable and ADDRESS BUILDING therefore used and loved. This should be no less than 5 sq. m in the case of one bed units, increasing to 7 sq. m for two Account needs to be taken of its aspect, the bedroom units and 9 sq. m for a three bed orientation, levels of over shadowing and the units. prevailing weather direction.

Generally speaking, private space should be directly related to the home so that there is a sense of ownership, it is readily accessible and easily maintained.

11 | Defensible space protecting the amenity of residents KEY REQUIREMENTS

The Council will require Applicants to demonstrate how proposals:

• Meet the Nationally Described Space Standards; NAME OF PRECEDENT • Provide Nemsufficient id quat plat storageabo. Olorestrum space; facerum quatece periorehendi • Maximisedoluptatur opportunities solupid eliscie necest.for daylight; • Provide sufficient private amenity space in the most appropriate location; and • Have considered the balance between the number of homes accessed from lift cores and neighbourliness.

This page has been left intentionally blank RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES:

CC9 H10 DM1 MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT NEEDS SUPPORT WITH ADDITIONAL WITH ADDITIONAL HOUSING FOR PEOPLE HOUSING FOR PEOPLE DESIGN AND HERITAGE

ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE: 121

MAKE IT HAPPEN

It is fundamentally important that residential development is delivered on the ground to the same standards as it was designed.

Construction ultimately involves a number §§ Early consideration is given as to how of processes in the chain before the initial water is shed off the building and drained. sketches become something tangible and §§ Value engineering is used to resolve built. Each of these components - from design detailing and to improve the construction through to on-site construction and beyond of a building rather than achieve cost into management - must achieve the same savings which impact on the appearance high standards that have been committed to in and durability of the building through its achieving the grant of planning permission. life cycle. Quality in construction has no specific The quality of materials and standard of definition but the lack of overall quality will workmanship are ultimately controlled be apparent in the inappropriate selection by the building contractor. As such, the of materials; poor detailing and shoddy Local Planning Authority (LPA) will require construction. Well-constructed buildings in developers to demonstrate how the contractor Manchester frequently share certain quality will complete the detailed design and deliver features: their works to ensure that the quality of the §§ The buildings are constructed and project is as expected. This will be secured completed as shown on the approved through the use of Planning Conditions Planning Application drawings. or Planning Obligations as deemed to be appropriate. §§ They use a limited palette of materials and so avoid the need for complex abutments, In addition to the contractor’s own quality junctions and flashings between dissimilar control measures, the LPA may carry out site materials. inspections to verify compliance with planning permissions, conditions and obligations. §§ They are made of durable and robust and colour fast materials that weather well over In the event that work does not comply, time. the Council will not hesitate to use their enforcement powers to ensure that the work is completed or rectified to their satisfaction. 123

KEY INGREDIENTS

CONSTRUCTION DETAIL DESIGN CHAMPION As part of the Design and Access Statement §§ uses appropriate materials; To maintain the original design, intent and submitted in support of planning applications, quality of the proposals through to delivery, it §§ will shed and drain water away from there will be a requirement to demonstrate is preferable to retain key consultants from the the building to prevent staining of the credibility of the proposed design to planning application design team including façades; the satisfaction of the LPA. This will include the architect. Where it is not possible to information to demonstrate how the proposed §§ is efficient and maintainable, and retain the architect for the delivery phase of design will be constructed. the project, the local authority may secure §§ how a building has been adapted to their role as design guardian/champion in an Supporting information should include 1:20 its orientation. executive capacity via the use of a Section 106 bay studies (part elevations and associated obligation if it deems it fit. sections) of typical facade details that demonstrate how the design:

VALUE ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION COMPLIANCE Value engineering is an important part of the The use of Non Material Amendments or Minor Manchester City Council will take a robust construction process, ensuring best value Material Amendments are at the discretion approach to those schemes that fail to meet and the detailed consideration of particular of the LPA and will not be accepted where it agreed or approved quality standards in the elements and details of proposals. is clear that a reduction in quality or material construction of residential buildings. deviation from the original design intent is It should not be seen, however, as a means of Enforcement teams will use their powers proposed. reducing the quality of residential proposals, to safeguard the Council’s objectives for through the substitution of materials with residential quality standards including the those of inferior quality, or the reappraisal of construction and detailing of buildings. designs that will lead to the development of a poorer quality scheme. 125

4 DESIGN TEAM RETENTION 5 ENSURE GOOD WORKMANSHIP KEY The Council believes that one of the surest The building contractor is responsible for ways to deliver a building as intended on the carrying out the works and should ensure grant of planning permission is for the design that this is done in a proper and workmanlike ACTIONS team that prepared the planning application manner that reflects the design and intent to be involved and have a significant degree shown or that is implicit in the planning of design ownership as the scheme is being submission, approval and associated detailed and constructed. conditions. 1 ENCOURAGE PEER REVIEW 2 SUBMIT BAY STUDIES The Council will use as appropriate those The local authority requires sample panels to For larger schemes (at the neighbourhood and At the planning stage, applicants should powers available under planning (including be submitted for review and sign off, to ensure block scale) or those in prominent locations, submit 1:20 bay studies (including part conditions and Section 106 obligations) the specification of materials is of sufficient peer review, can have a positive impact upon elevation and associated sections) of typical to oblige developers and their contractors quality. the quality of development proposals. elevations. These should indicate the to retain that design team to deliver the proposed materials and intended details of Sample panels should be of a size and scale The opportunity to discuss design proposals development as intended. key elements of the façades including: that is appropriate to the proposed building/ with peers at an early stage can draw out In the event when the team is not retained, development. The panel should cover primary common issues and help the design team to §§ copings; the Council will consider, again through S106 facade elements; glazing and window reveals, resolve issues they may be facing. §§ windows heads and cills; powers, a sum to cover their retention as and the jointing of modular or unitised Review should be seen as a positive element in advisors to the Planning department. materials. §§ the ground level; the process, helping to maintain a strong level of quality through the design stage. §§ detail of cladding; and

This dialogue can add value to the design §§ proposed materials. process, looking at economic, social, environmental and aesthetic aspects of a SUBMIT QUALITY METHOD proposal to ensure that it adds to Manchester 3 STATEMENT and makes a positive contribution to the city over a long period. Following a decision to grant planning permission and before construction of Although most clearly demonstrated through the façades, applicants will be required to the Places Matter! Regional Design Panel, submit a quality control method statement. review at a more local scale (for example This should set out how the building is to in areas where established neighbourhood be detailed and constructed. The statement or ward level groups exist) can be equally should as a minimum confirm: valuable. The involvement of bodies that have a considerable amount of specialist and §§ The full specification of the proposed relevant research behind them (for example materials that will be visible in the finished Manchester’s Age-friendly Design Group) will building, including copings, flashings and also add value at all stages. the like; and

§§ The method of construction and details to be used to ensure that water is shed off the face of the building, and that roofs, balconies and ledges are properly drained so that staining is avoided. KEY REQUIREMENTS

The Council will require Applicants to demonstrate how proposals:

• Have considered if the scale or prominence is such that it would be required to be brought to the regional Design Review Panel; • Will retain Design Team members through the life of the development; • Have submitted a sample panel, at a commensurate scale to allow each of the key elements of the facade to be reviewed and approved; and • Have considered the method of construction and detailing prior to making This page has been left intentionally blank a formal application.

RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES:

PA1 DM1 DEVELOPER DEVELOPER MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT CONTRIBUTIONS

ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE: 129

3.0 MANAGE IT WELL

The effective operational management of §§ Residential networks – identifying how a building, block or external amenity space residential networks will be established is central to maintaining quality of the and facilitating ease of communication accommodation and the use and enjoyment among residents. of the space by its residents over the long §§ Maintenance – window cleaning, external term. Early consideration of how a building and internal repairs, lighting and security. will be managed anticipates and accounts for end user requirements. This is preferable to §§ On-site energy generation – identify long introducing bolt-on management solutions at term maintenance strategy. the end of the design process that are more §§ In practice – informing residents of likely to be costly and difficult to maintain in operational considerations which the long term. affect them (energy reduction, waste Matters to be addressed by a Residential management, maintenance of communal Management Strategy, include: areas, window cleaning)

§§ Management and legal structure – identify The scope of each Operational Management those parties responsible for each part of Strategy will need to be agreed with the operational management. local authority prior to the submission of the planning application and will need to accord §§ Waste – storage, access, recycling and with the LPA’s up to date Validation Checklist. frequency of collection (in accordance with All Operational Management Strategies will be Manchester’s adopted Waste Guidance). secured via Planning Obligations or Planning §§ Car parking – allocation of parking spaces, Conditions to ensure they are adhered to for managing demand for off-site spaces. the life of the building.

§§ Cycle parking – maintaining secure access and storage. 131

ACTION Management of buildings and blocks is all # too often an afterthought in the development process. This is compounded by the associated Managing Agent industry being largely unregulated – despite being a keystone to maintaining quality over the lifetime of SUGGESTED APPROPRIATE a residential development, and in turn its MANAGEMENT RESPONSE(S) residents and the neighbourhood in which it sits.

1 CONSIDERED DESIGN TO REDUCE MANAGEMENT COMMITMENTS

Managing agents that are not held to account Design and Access Statement submitted in have, in the past, too often been responsible support of planning applications. Residential for mismanaging developments. This can schemes that are designed to facilitate high AN manifest in terms of unsatisfactory building standards of operational management will CONSIDERED OPERATIONAL DESIGN TO DELIVERY maintenance; failure to implement rigid waste maintain the overall design and quality intent, MANAGEMENT REDUCE AND ONGOING strategies; poor levels of security and overall whilst also effectively reducing operational STRATEGY MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT dissatisfaction of residents. In such instances, costs in the long term. This can be further THAT IS COMMITMENTS REQUIREMENT ACCOUNTABLE a building’s fabric will become tired very facilitated by the requirement for tighter quickly resulting in this poor management specifications and integration of contractors being directly responsible for a failure to and suppliers earlier in the design process. create a sense of community ownership and Conversely, consultation with managing responsibility. agents after planning permission has been To assist with integrating well designed granted often results in poor quality bolt operational solutions into projects, developers on management solutions that will be less should consult and obtain appraisals of their effective, more costly and more difficult to emerging designs at the pre-planning stage, maintain in the longer term. This will be to from ARMA /UKAA accredited managing the detriment of the quality and experience agents. The way in which those appraisals of the residential environment – as well as have been taken into account and considered the cohesion of the community within that in the design should form a section of the building, block or neighbourhood. §§ Consult with ARMA accredited §§ Management strategy to planners §§ Democratic and accountable managing agents on emerging with no hidden costs §§ Paid by residents or new funding designs §§ To be submitted in support 2 AN OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY THAT IS ACCOUNTABLE §§ Enforced through the terms of the §§ Tighter specifications and of all planning applications planning permission It is essential for developers to consider a with the Local Planning Authority prior to integration of contractors and involving residential scheme’s long-term management strategy submission of the planning application and suppliers earlier in the design §§ Post occupancy management development as part of the pre-planning design process. in accordance with their up to date Validation process testing §§ Content to be agreed pre- MCC will therefore require an Operational Checklist. In preparing the Operational §§ Clear complaints procedure where planning with the LPA Management Statement and Forward Strategy Management Strategy, the following issues will professional standards are not to be submitted in support of any planning need to be addressed: §§ Preparation of a ‘Plain English’ adhered to application. The content of the document will summary of operational • Staffing levels and Concierge. be site specific, and will need to be agreed responsibilities to future occupants as part of agree terms of appointment • Refuse strategy including storage, access, • How residents will be informed of recycling, and frequency of collection. operational considerations that affect them and complaints procedures. • Concierge. A common issue is confusion over the range • Car parking including allocation of of management services and a lack of clarity parking spaces and arrangements for over where responsibility lies. Whilst the range managing visitor parking. of management services and responsibilities • Cycle parking including maintaining is often contained within lease agreements, secure access and storage. they are often difficult to identify within the complex language of legal documentation. • Building maintenance and management As such, the Council recommends that the including window cleaning and other managing agent provides a clear ‘plain English’ cleaning regimes, external and internal summary of operational responsibilities to repairs, lighting and security. future occupants and recommends that this • How on site energy generation will be requirement is included within their terms of maintained over the long term. appointment.

• An indicative service charge and The management arrangements for build to operational budget for the future let residential development should be set up management of the proposed residential on the basis of a 3 party structure comprising development. This should provide freeholder, leaseholder and resident. As part details of the sinking fund set up to of this set up, residents (via the Residents deal with the short term day to day Association) should have rights to directly running costs and the long term cyclical review the selection and instruction of costs associated with any proposed Managing Agents. Timing-wise, this right development. should be applicable within 12 months of the first occupancy of the new development.

RELEVANT CORE STRATEGY POLICIES:

3 DELIVERY AND ONGOING MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS PA1 DM1

MCC will secure the Operational Management operational management strategy is robust, Strategy through the mechanisms that achievable and cost effective, the applicant are available to it via the planning process should hold early discussions with an

to ensure that the agreed procedures are accredited ARMA/UKAA managing agent. DEVELOPER MANAGEMENT followed for the life of the building. In DEVELOPMENT The ARMA accreditation also holds managing CONTRIBUTIONS addition, MCC will undertake post occupancy agents accountable by referring residents’ management testing where appropriate in complaints to the independent Regulatory order to police this area. Such an approach ADDITIONAL POLICY AND GUIDANCE: Panel. Providing a clear complaints procedure will require the applicant to identify empowers residents and helps to ensure the operational costs, which will ultimately be quality of the residential scheme is maintained passed on to future occupiers. To ensure the against professionally accepted standards. 135

4.0 CONCLUSIONS

The ambitions of the City are articulated It is of paramount importance to recognise in many places, but none more succinctly that this guidance does not provide a ‘tick- than in the ‘Manchester Strategy’, (2016). box’ summary of good design – rather, it This Guidance has been produced with the contains fundamental interwoven components ambition, spirit and delivery of the Manchester that must be understood in order to achieve Strategy at its heart. the quality expected from residential developments. In turn, an understanding The delivery of high-quality, flexible housing of this document will facilitate productive will be fundamental to ensuring the working with Manchester City Council to sustainable growth of Manchester. To achieve deliver the best results in the interests of its the City’s target of carbon neutrality by 2050, current and future citizens. residential schemes will also need to be forward thinking in terms of incorporating the The continued making of Manchester as a most appropriate and up to date technologies place for everyone to live is our collective goal. to significantly reduce emissions.

It is therefore essential for Applicants to consider and integrate the design principles contained within this Guidance into all aspects of emerging residential schemes. In this respect, this Guidance is relevant to all stages of the development process, including funding negotiations, the planning process, construction and through to operational management. 137

A REFERENCES

EXTERNAL REFERENCES: PLANNING POLICY AND OTHER GUIDANCE

INTERNAL REFERENCES: VISUAL INDEX

INTERNAL REFERENCES: PLANNING POLICY AND OTHER GUIDANCE 139

EXTERNAL REFERENCES: PLANNING POLICY AND OTHER GUIDANCE MAKE IT PRACTICAL §§ National Planning Practice Guidance - http://planningguidance.communities.gov.uk/

§§ MCC Waste Guidance - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/6048/waste_management_ MAKE IT MANCHESTER strategy §§ Manchester Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/MCRstrategy §§ Building Regulations - https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/building-regulation §§ MCC Residential Growth Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/5666/ §§ MCC Core Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/200074/planning/3301/core_strategy residential_growth_strategy

§§ MCC Local Development Framework - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/200074/planning/1562/about_ MAKE IT FUTURE PROOF the_local_development_framework_ldf §§ Zero Carbon Hub - http://www.zerocarbonhub.org/zero-carbon-policy/zero-carbon-policy §§ MCC Regeneration Strategic Regeneration Framework Document Library - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/ downloads/500113/city_centre_regeneration §§ EcoCities Manchester - http://www.adaptingmanchester.co.uk/

§§ Super Density - http://www.superdensity.co.uk/ §§ Manchester: A Certain Future - http://macf.ontheplatform.org.uk/

§§ Historic England Tall Buildings, Settings and Views - https://www.historicengland.org.uk/advice/planning/ §§ MCC Core Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/200074/planning/3301/core_strategy setting-and-views/

§§ Historic England Tall Buildings - https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/tall-buildings- MAKE IT A HOME advice-note-4/ §§ MCC Core Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/200074/planning/3301/core_strategy

MAKE IT BRING PEOPLE TOGETHER §§ BRE Daylight and Sunlight Guidelines – http://www.bre.co.uk/

§§ Statement of Community Involvement - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/500002/council_policies_ §§ CABE D&A Guidance - http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/resources/guide/design-and-access-statements- and_strategies/1966/statement_of_community_involvement how-write-read-and-use-them

MAKE IT ANIMATE STREETS AND SPACES MAKE IT HAPPEN

§§ CABE Guidance Building for Life – http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/resources/guide/building-life-12-third- §§ Urban Land Institute. Build to Rent: A Best Practice Guide - http://uk.uli.org/wp-content/uploads/ edition sites/73/2016/03/ULI-UK-Build-to-Rent-2nd-Edition-Guide-Order-Form-20161.pdf

§§ CABE Guidance ‘Better Residential Streets’ - http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/resources/report/way- MANAGE IT WELL better-residential-streets §§ ARMA Q Standards - http://arma.org.uk/regulation/arma-q

MAKE IT EASY TO GET AROUND §§ RICS Service Charge Residential Management Code - http://www.rics.org/uk/knowledge/professional- §§ Transport for Greater Manchester: Draft Cycling Design Guidance Standards - http://www.manchesterfoe. guidance/codes-of-practice/service-charge-residential-management-code-2nd-edition/ org.uk/greater-manchester-cycling-design-guidance-standards/ §§ UK Apartment Association - http://ukaa.org.uk/ §§ Transport for Greater Manchester: Walking - http://www.tfgm.com/walking/Pages/index.html

§§ MCC Core Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/200074/planning/3301/core_strategy CONCLUSIONS §§ Manchester Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/MCRstrategy

MAKE IT WORK WITH THE LANDSCAPE §§ MCC Residential Growth Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/download/5666/ §§ MCC Draft – Green and Blue Infrastructure Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/ residential_growth_strategy download/6171/draft_manchesters_green_and_blue_infrastructure_strategy

§§ MCC Core Strategy - http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/200074/planning/3301/core_strategy 141

INTERNAL REFERENCES: VISUAL INDEX 112 Space and daylight

The illustration highlights a number of 10199 Resilience design considerations embodied within this document. The associated number refers to the page in which detail on each subject is covered. 3436 Scale Natural surveillance Internal circulation Microclimate 58 114 80 Neighbours 44

Materials/ Details 3836

Privacy 111 Neighbours 44

Communal spaces 44 58 Threshold Cycle storage Entrances 56 Street Trees 8078 90 88 Car Parking

Ground floor 92 56 92 Waste 58 66 Temporary Biodiversity Lighting stopping Cycling 78 88

CarCar Parking parking 6866 Walkability

76 46 Activity Landscape 68

Public transport 68 68 Street hierarchy Wayfinding

76 Waterways 44 Destinations # Page number 143

INTERNAL REFERENCES: INDEX

A D H O

Acoustic Privacy 116 Daylight 109, 112 Healthy Cities 44, 46, 63, 64, 73, 74, 76 Observation 55 See also Solar Aspect See also Natural Surveillance Active Streets 53, 56, 66, 87 Heritage 29, 32, 102 Demographics 43, 46, 99, 102 Open Space 73, 74, 76, 78, 112 Activity 46 I Density 30 Operational Management Strategy 129 Adaptability 46, 99, 102, 107 Inclusive Design 43 Design Champion 123 Affordability 43 P Innovation 36, 100 Design Team 125 Age-Friendly Design 43, 73, 99, 102, 124 Peer Review 124 Destinations 43, 44, 63, 66 L Allotments 78 Privacy 111 Detailing 36, 80, 121, 124 Landmarks 64, 68 Private Amenity Space 111, 116 B Landscape 73, 74, 76 E Public Art 56, 68 Bay Studies 122, 124 Legibility 64, 68 Energy Production 100, 129 Public Realm 55 Bin Storage 87, 92, 129 Lighting 55, 58 Entrances 53, 56, 90, 109 Public Transport 64, 68, 88 Biodiversity 78 Loading Bays 92 Blue Infrastructure 74 F Q M Flexibility 99 Quality Method Statement 124 C Maintenance 129 Floor to Ceiling Height 112 Carbon Neutrality 97, 100, 133 R Management 129 Frontages 53 Car Parking 56, 68, 87, 88, 129 Rainfall 99 Materials 29, 36, 121 Character 29, 30, 34, 36, 56, 58, 76 G Recycling 87 Microclimate 34, 80, 116 Communal Spaces 43, 44, 46, 53, 56, 74, 78 Green Infrastructure 74 Residential Networks 129 Modal Choice 64, 68, 87 Community 43 Green Roofs 76, 78, 80 Resilience 78, 99 See also Green Walls N Construction Compliance 123 Retrofit 102 Green Walls 76, 78 Nationally Described Space Standard 107, Construction Detail 122 See also Green Roofs 109, 112 S Construction Quality 121, 125 Ground Floor Environment 56 Natural Surveillance 53, 55, 58, 66 Scale 34 Corridors 114 See also Active Streets Navigation 68 Solar Aspect 100, 107, 112, 116 Cycle Parking 66, 87, 90, 129 See also Wayfinding Storage 107, 109, 111, 112, 114 Cycling 63, 66, 74 Neighbours 44 Street Furniture 55 Network 64 Street Hierarchy 56, 68

Street Trees 68, 78 145

Sustainable Design 100

Sustainable Urban Drainage 80

Tall Buildings 31, 34

Technology 99

Temporary Stopping 92 See also Loading Bays

Temporary Uses 56

Tenure 43

Threshold 58, 68, 87, 109

Topography 76, 88

Urban Design Appraisal 31

Value Engineering 121, 122

Visibility 58 See also Natural Surveillance

Visual Privacy 116

Walkability 44, 63, 66, 68, 74

Waste 92 See also Bin Storage

Waterways 74, 76, 78

Wayfinding 64, 68, 76

Weather 99, 102