Batbitim and Daram No-Take Zones Southeast Misool Marine Protected Area, Raja Ampat Indonesia 2012 on I

Batbitim and Daram No-Take Zones Southeast Misool Marine Protected Area, Raja Ampat Indonesia 2012 on i

r t a to m rg tor t #300t d.o or rg f y S y ai m Direc m d.o o, CA 94111 er ld c ai gra s nt Direc wi t In om o e ld ci g r m n n@ P wi ac d d a e i @ ra v n lop e e u v n F ldA l: 415.834.3174 i i ull Te Mari Cont W Big About WildAid About WildAid’s mission is the end to illegal wildlife trade in our lifetimes by reducing demand through awareness public campaigns and providing comprehensive marine protection. have successfullyWe developed a model that strengthens the key elements the of law enforcement chain: surveillance, interdiction, prosecution, and sanction in several MPAs throughout the developing work world. We with governments in the design strategic of control andvigilance strategies that use the power of technology to increase efficacy while lowering patrolling costs. Given weak judicial systems, we also with work partners develop to innovative fining mechanisms compliance. that ensure www.wildaid.org 744 Mont 744 Sa De S g n i t t Wri t r o y ep g thodolo er s s n nd R and Lead er ig ve s tor i nt Me t e De Standard Operating Protocols HighVery Frequency FamilyWalton Foundation Marine Conservation Agreement Eco ResortMisool Millennium Development Goals Marine Protected Area GovernmentalNon Organization No-take Zone The Nature Conservancy Automatic Identification System Conservation International Coral Reef Alliance Indonesian Rupiah International Maritime Organization iga ic graph bora h ssm a st e L Gs O F Z RA P C R S rap onymscr CA PA ER G O D MO WFF TN SO VH MD M N NT I I M M AI CI C Hugo Ugaz Hugo A G Photo Marcel Bigue Jurgen Freund (Cover) Shawn Heinrichs (Page 17) Danielle Heinrichs (Page 27) Coll Andy Miners: MER Naneng Setiasih: CORAL Hery Yusamandra: Baseftin Udlehoven:Jay TNC Erin Sullivan: WildAid Shawn Heinrichs: WildAid Eleanor Carter: Rare Conservation The Baseftin Patrol Crew TNC: Purwanto Setyawan, Dheny Karel Wamafma CI: Meity Mongdong Marcel Bigue Oswaldo Rosero e Inv Ass This assessment represents the a multi-national of work team andwas carried in out Raja Ampat over a 2-week period in April Research 2012. methods were developed and applied by WildAid in cooperationwith Baseftin staff and local investigator Naneng Setiasih. Given both resourceand time constraints, we were unable carry to key out interviews with police, sufficientinformation that confident are we officials.However, Judicial Fisheries, Forestryand was collected create to a reasonably accurate snapshot the of local operating environment.

PAGE // 2 PAGE // 3 ia s m i t s s i r // Indone // ic NT tb st SSME oto E SS t Ba eri s nt A nt t d M me o a m ts i i rce t ar d o tor i ar nf k a s arac 2012 e 2012 or e R l Ch utbo s w ger t r Ch n Batb ica Ind n ica r O a to F Ba ut nce on i o Ne i k a y Fo ool di ty r r e VH i m ol R rol a o t g Sec l tat t i a s ic n a or i S nt T ons v F R nto ew i e S s st e t ri e sh nab m a i erf AI VH CAs Na on ai f eri f P es ram d P sed ns ul ONS t I v age d P T nd F nd pe e n eg ts Inv ti ust on A i on o on of on o on R i i on t i nd ec Ex i ar ty Ba y y t t ND i E III E II E 1 e ty a t PAs & M PAs at a a E i ec S S S ONS

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PAGE // 4 PAGE // 5 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce o nf 2012 e 2012 creation of the Daram NTZ, acquisition of a 9 meter aluminum patrol boat with two 85hp outboard motors, construction of three base camps, two community projects and critical operating funds to underwrite six staff and the patrolling operations both for NTZs. In October MER negotiated 2010, the 98 SNM NTZ around Daram island with the local community Fafanlap of and Usaha Jaya. Inan effort separate to conservation activities from the business/shareholders and ensure local ownership marine of resources,the MERestablished a local NGO called Misool Baseftin Foundation, meaning Own “Misool: We Together” It in January The Board 2011. is comprised fiveof Indonesian members and the organization possesses its account and is a registered Indonesian own bank charity. While still highly dependent on MER for the subsidizing Misool Baseftin is in its early of stage and operations, holds promise success. for Underpinning all tourism and enforcement is MER’s commitment community to outreach and ensuring local benefits via employmentat the resort,hiring local of patrol rangers, monthly community outreach activities, the construction a kindergarten of in Fafanlap and a community trade center at Usaha Jaya, among other initiatives. t c Misool Eco Resort Eco Misool : T F Proje 2005 - 2011 In November 2005, the Misool Eco Resort (MER) established a Marine Conservation Agreement with (MCA) the local community Yillu of in exchange the for right establish to a tourism resort Batbitim on Island and to protect 126SNM Zone (NTZ) as a No-Take within the Misool SE Marine Protected Area (MPA). The agreement prohibited fishing within the NTZ yet respected traditional “sasi” zones allowing Trochus niloticus marmoratus and Turbo the targeting two for of weeks every two years.Resort constructionbegan in 2006June and the MER officially opened its inpublic October 2008. doors to the From 2007 the to 2010, enforcement of the Batbitim NTZ was primarily funded by MER with limited external support CORAL and WildAid. from The patrol team was comprised three of staff and a 7-meter patrol boat with two outboard 40hp motors. While initial patrols were very not structured, they were effective in establishing a presence and integral in creating awareness among local community fishers. In Marchsubstantial 2010, external funding via the WFF, The Nature Conservancy and WildAid was invested bolsterto enforcement capacity and ensure community benefits in exchangefor the conservation of two NTZs. The Walton investment included a lease payment the for Bac kground << LE << E ON E Z E K A T - ARAM D NO s: E ON ic E Z E ITiM K A st TB T - BA NO eri t arac es: v ti ec PA Ch PA rea

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ri Determine the main strengths and weaknesses the of current enforcement strategy by evaluating operations planning, intelligence analysis, standard operating protocols, number patrols of and patrol routes, and applied technology, among other factors. Assumption:(Key Better enforcement does not necessarily equal more patrols) Prioritize a series of recommendations to lower patrol costs as detectionfinalefficacy. The recommendationswell structured be will as into phasesthree increase and will include system design including energy trainingrequirements). and personnel requirements maintenanceplan, year 5 (CAPEX/estimate and overall cost essm

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en 1. 2. M S WildAid focuses the on law enforcement chain that encompasses the activities detection, of interdiction, prosecution and the finingof lawbreakers. An effective law enforcement system committingdissuadepotentiallawbreakersfromconsequences/illegalshould activities the as risks associated with apprehension outweigh economic gain. The law enforcement chain requires that each link function in an effective manner and no than one another. Also critical,link yet part not is the of enforcement chain,more is the vitalimportant that role outreach and the education stakeholders of acceptance plays in MPA and compliance.

Raja Ampat is located in the center the of Coral Triangle and is theto home highest concentration of fish and coralbiodiversity found anywhere in the worldtoday. Theis geographicallyarea isolated and surrounded by open seas, creating an oasis for pelagic fish. Under the sea surface, an extensive network of pinnacles, some ridgeslocations, a relatively andshallow sea floor plateaus isnetworked exists.withdeeper reefs. The reefs In and pristine pinnacles are exceptionally healthy with abundant and diverse fish life. SNMThe Batbitim ) and (126 Daram (98SNM ) NTZs are located within the Southeast Misool areas abundance are characterized their The miles. by nautical 24.6 by are separated and MPA of (100+) small islands, islets and rocks and an extremely irregular coastline covespeaks. and100-150m+ geographicalwithThe andtopographical numerouscomplexities pose difficulties thefor use radar of and radio communication the to due numerous shadows that are created for microwave and VHF waves, respectively. Both NTZs are close not maritime to traffic routes. G Ass The main objective this of assessment is evaluate to Misool Baseftin enforcement activities in order strengthen to strategic operations, recurringlower operational costs and increase compliance. Thespecific objectives are:

PAGE // 6 PAGE // 7 - - ia s Zs: Zs: on: i // Indone // NT n NT n i SSME E SS th nt A nt me rce o nf nd Pollut and nt s wi s tie e i 2012 e 2012 m v p ti c lo ve d A d Typical coastalTypical development tte Southeast Misool l De al i : T ove: F m ast er artisinal fishing vessels rents) resultsrents) inlitter scattered throughout communities. the << LE Ab << Co There are coastal no developments other than 3 ranger stations and MER within the NTZs.Within the Southeast Misool MPA, coastal is development limited the to pearl farm and 11small villages.The villagers typically construct small houses set on 2-meter high wooden platforms,possess no grey black or water treatment systems and dispose to tend trash of (paper and plastics) the While waters. surrounding into directly paper of volume and plastic consumption is small, the lack proper of disposal well (as as trash from elsewhere brought in cur on P Diving, Tourism, Snorkeling,kayaking, co harvestingconut (traditional and owners) “sasi” fishing every two yearsfor Batbitim and every five years for Daram. at the village Yillu of - - -

Year g shin i No No Yes Round F nt s: me ic st Cell phones/ SMS VHF Radios/ GPS SMS/ AIS?/VHF Radios/ SMS Equip eri t arac l Size l sse 3 - 5 meters with 5 - 10 motor Hp 7 - 30 Gross Tons 5 - 6 meters with internal engines and outboards Ve r Ch to

f m i o t i g Sec ls er n i tb sse umb 200+ N Ve N/A N/A sh i $5.55): the$5.55): current minimum wage Raja for Ampat. The largest nd Band US nd F nd ear G m a g s: s: ty a : : ic i a shin t i a F Hand Lines Longlines Dynamite, Cyanide (Rare), Gill Net, Longline, Line Drag d erist on: on: i t ic - t a l ul ts to Dara arac onom outh sool ria s s s s l nal l Commun l anal Ch ec l S l s er er er i l Po p l er rea o- er t pe st Mi ca ca h ci y a ca ish ish ish o o E F F L F Indust (Java) ar (Sorong, Halmehara) Ext T T o ish o Source: local community and ranger interviews The monsoon season spanning September to June can produce 30-knot winds and 3+ meter waves, which makes oceanic travel nearly impossible small for vessels. most fishers Industrial possessing fishers from Java Daram, during this tend season as their vessels can to withstand the harsh oceanic encroach conditions. upon the area, FisheriesTarget in the area Sharks, include: live reef fish especially (groupersWrasse), Napoleon and snappers, tuna, jacks, bivalve, lobster, sea cucumber, shellfish, and squid. source formal of employment inSoutheast Misool is the Pearl Farm followed by tourism, then NGOs. Fishing and the cultivation eggplant, of water spinach, chili, coconut, mango, durian, and guava are the sources subsistence. for There are an estimated 200+ fishers inside the Southeast Misool MPA who typically use small F small use typically who MPA Misool Southeast the inside fishers 200+ estimated an are There all.engine 3-5at no vesselsoutboardFishermenmeter or motors withorganized are not 5-10hp into cooperatives nor are they required to register vessels with any Fuel management is authorities.subsidized at 8,000 IDR for artisanal fisherssubsistence for lines hand used fishers of majority While the and IDR. are 12,500 rates commercial is soldonly at HarapanJaya while means, there are two Yillu businessmen who each own 4-5 fishersto fishing harvestvessels resources. Fishersand from employother local Papua provinces enter the MPA regularly and use to tend larger vessels with Large more crew. Javanese vessels also Southeast enter Misool Baseftin vessels, latter the of size the Given escort. for Navy or police local the hire usually and should interdict not and would require coordination with TNC and authorities. S Official statistics were difficult toobtain yet mostemployed individuals reported anaver enous population consists Papua of 300 of ethnic groups that are becoming outnumbered by migrants from other islands in Indonesia. The province has the lowest humandevelop ment index of the country. Literacy rate is 75 %, with only 6.2 mean yearsper capita statistics (BPS of many non-economic For 2006). schooling indicators poverty, of including those measured by the Millennium Development Goals lags Papua (MDGs), behind most other provinces. There are 11 communities living within the Southeast with Misool MPA a total population of 4,460+ inhabitants. There are an estimatedFafanlap and concession Usaha (the Jaya area villages). The closest 1,200 village, DaBatan, villagers is from Yillu, located 12NM from the Batbitim NTZ. 50,000age of daily IDR ( L L The province is Papua of the easternmost province the of republic Indonesia. of The indig

PAGE // 8 PAGE // 9 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce o nf 2012 e 2012 CAs (Bupati) M Daram and m i t i tb Ba Indonesia West Papua Raja Ampat Southeast Misool FafanlapYellu, and Usaha Jaya and official(Adat government everyleader 5 years.)) ((elected

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eg Devolves nearshore management marine of and costal resources provincial to and district governments. Sets district boundaries 4 NM at from the coast and provincial boundaries from 4 NM 12 to NM. Allows the adoption and integration the of customary laws and local territorial rights into local government policy (Siry 2011). Orga National Indone Province Regency District Villages L << T << Bottom<< LE

Realizingthe complexity Indonesian of laws and the numerous variations that exist among provinces,brieflyhave examinedwe contextualthe Province.Papua West frameworkof the The hierarchy Indonesian of government consists the of following fivelevels: An While theprovide new national spatialand fishery 45/2009 and 27/2007 law laws31/2004 the frameworkestablishing for and administering and MPAs NTZs are (that administered underthe Department Fisheries of District at the bulk levels), regulationsof and decrees guiding marine conservation and zonation activities are promulgated at the Regency and local “Adat” level. Unique to only West Papua, the Adat, the traditional localcouncil, communityhas traditionally recognized authority to govern its ancestral lands a and verypresents unique advantage for the local administration law. of The protected decentralization areas law and 22/1999 recognizes the rule Adat of tenure rights specifically: nationally. The law • • • “The unwritten ‘adat’ law in Indonesia gives local communities traditional rights for exploration, management, exploitation, and conservation. addition In the Indonesian to Constitution the Adat 1945, of Law is recognized 5, the Agrarian by 1960, Act No. which Act, states that ‘the applicable law land, for water and air space is under providing Adat Law, that it does not conflict with national interests or community rights therefore disrupt should be consistent with national interests the and in accordance unity of the nation. These with written laws and regulations’ (Marine Aquarium Council The traditional 2006). adat law is recognized in eastern the far and western parts the of country”. (TNC) guidelines development includinggearfishing and MPA generalthe Ampat,of manyRaja In prohibitions have been established the at Regency level. These include the prohibition of fishing in the NTZs; the prohibition of harvesting of fish, and turtles; mantas, prohibition of the cyanide fishing;bomb and the restriction dugong, of fishing gear sharks, aquarium (trawling, compressor fishing); the establishmentof joint patrols, amongothers. However, illegalAdat the for fines at fishingestablishmentthe ofand promulgated have NTZs been all level. Given limited government resources and institutional presence in Southeast Misool, governance falls primarily the on local communities and specifically the villageleaders.

e PA & & PA tud e M i ds th f Att ity iv t war pe o y c Support. Planning, Tax Collecting, Monitoring, and Permits. Support. Planning, Investigation, Permits, Dissemination, Control and Vigilance. Support. Planning, Permits, Dissemination, Control and Vigilance. Support. Limited budget, dependent upon Pearl Farm. Support. Limited budget, dependent upon Pearl Farm. Support to A T regulations throughout the Southeast Misool MPA (including the leased zone areas under MER management, and the more recently designated NTZs in the wider MPA). The Raja Ampat Regency has also facilitated public events through among other mediums expositions, as the of one festivals, mechanisms to socialize government programs including conservation and tourism initiatives. thisWhile has indirectly helped disseminate to regulations, targeted socialization programs for each the of regulations has taken not place. PA e M $222,000 (2010) $222,000 (2010) US n th e i with positive trend. Issues hotel, live-aboard, and other tourism related permits as well as industry standards. Permits fishing for (vessels Artisanalgreater than GT.) 10 fishers are not registered with officialgovernment agency. Officers are elected every 5 years and responsible for government duties. Note: Local community leaders more powerful than elected community leader and often they are in one the same. Rol Security of the Southeast Misool District with clear focus Pearl on Farm. Open to collaboration with patrols, MPA yet require financial support. Focus rule on Currently law. of 2 officers working with TNC patrols, on yet require financial assistance. Carry EIAs out in Raja Ampat.presence No in Southeast Misool. Collects Raja Ampat entrance fee (500,000 for IDR Foreigners & 250,000 for IDR locals). Annual entrance fee revenue: l sonne

, per, ce n ture se c u r even when apprehended in fraganti, first time and repeat offenders often received warnings, not fines, in order to backlash. avoid Most recently, Baseftin has begun community incorporateto local villagers into patrols in order ensure to community buy-in and further strengthen compliance. Starting in 2012, Rare Conservation will also besupporting the implementation a Pride of Campaign (through TNC and in collaboration with with MER) particular focus behavior on change in local communities to achieve compliance with NTZ st PA: PA: pre l M nfra e ns, i n th OfficeWaisai.at There is a government representative in every village in Southeast Misool: 11 villages. villagesNo are located in the concession areas yet pertain to Yillu, Falfanlap, Usaha Jaya Mea Army basedPearl at Farm and 6-perimeter posts (30 officers)plusofficer 1 located in each village. 41) (Total Dormitory and station at Fafanlap, though only 1 stationed in Fafanlap. 18 officersPearlFarm.at OfficeWaisai.at OfficeWaisai.at Physica i ons i t a ul eg e R m s on of i er t on Na on r a n to i hold tuti m e Sec e k ic a ss t Fishing/Aquaculture Local Government Representatives Army i Inst Police Environment Tourism S Publ Di TNC, MER, Baseftin,CORAL, among others, have been instrumentalin lobbying and for disseminating many the of environmental regulations in the Southeast Misool MPA. MER and Baseftin have carried community out socialization activities since the signing of the first lease agreement in 2005. Thehave includedthe use movies, of activities posters, fact sheets and most importantly weekly meetings between village leaders and rangers. Key NTZto acceptance has been the constant socialization of regulations to villagers and

PAGE // 10 PAGE // 11 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS

e nt A nt PA & & PA me rce o tud e M i nf 2012 e 2012 ds th f Att ity iv t war pe o y c to A T Support. Tourism, Investigation, Monitoring, Education, and Dissemination. Support. Cultivation of pearls. Indifferent. Extractive. Note most operating without needed. regulations permits/ Support indifferent or (depends on the Tourism. operator). Support. Control and Vigilance, Investigation, Monitoring, Education and Dissemination Support. Control and Vigilance, education and Dissemination. Transportation. Indifferent. attitude of Type on Should be placed across from Ferry Operator Baseftin.not er hold e k a t S of pe y T Private Business Local Fishers Private business (many Bali-based) NGO NGO Private Business l sonne

, per, ce n ture se c u r st PA: PA: pre l M nfra e ns, i n th Physica i Mea 2,000 employees local(75% hires) Estimated 30 fishers 25 vessels/14 passengers per vessel. employees 375 though non-local 99% hires Office in HarapanJaya, Misool. local 20+ employees. Office in Batbitim.local 7 hires. Sorong Based. 12-16 crew from Sorong. 16 room16 eco resort with 110 employees local (75% hires) s er r to hold r Sec e e t k to a a v c t Pearl Farm Pearl Anchovy fisherman Liveaboard operators TNC Baseftin Ferry Operator MER A ri S P tion c eria t

ri 4 rangers,1 Patrol Manager & 1 BaseftinMER Manager. currently underwritesa mechanic security1 and officer patrols. addition, for In there community 6 are memberspatrol who participate in patrols: Daram, 2 at Kalig, 1 at Yillet 1 at and Batbitim. 2 at Rangers have received basic courses in patrolling and operations and CORAL has provided training in administration and is assisting in the drafting WildAid SOPs. of recommends the following basic IMO courses for ALL crew: 1) Survival First3) at Aid. In addition,sea; a search and rescue2) courseFirefighting; is recommended boat for captains. and, WildAid will perform a review the of once SOPs a final draftversion is completed. The current Baseftin are SOPs still limited and observations the of rangers revealed they understand and practice what they have learned, keybut procedures have been not considered yet or “put into practice”. Improvement areas protocols; identified include: communication Need Regular of base; log main and camps base at boats, on-board books Basic rules for operating a VHF lookouts and duty sections network; assignment, boarding procedures,Patrol Establishment boat custody and the of performance indicators; use “Ready of Sea” for reports. We recommend further professionalization of the Baseftin patrol crew uniformby standards andestablishing establishing a general code conduct. of Currently, the MERand Baseftin uniforms are almost identical and Baseftin may consider a uniform change in order separate to the image the of organization before the eyes the of community. Batbitim:126 SNM NTZDaram:/ 98 SNM NTZ. islands,100+ islets and rocks within NTZs. Daram base camp requires weekly replenishment fuel of and food. One 9 meter aluminum vessel with two 85hp engines/ One 7-meter fiberglass with two engines40hp and Three 3-meter wood patrol vessels with engines10hp 2 each for base camp. An additional 9-meter fiberglass patrolvessel with 285hp engines is expected for July 2012 in order to replace the original 7-meter patrol vessel. Maximum patrol speeds range from6 knots small for vessels 30knots to aluminum for patrol boat. There are three base camps: Kalig, Yillet and Daram. Given engines, we would recommend the that Baseftin high purchase two outboards 40hp the for new fuel consumption of 85hp patrol vessel. The 85hp engines should be used Daram for and the Batbitim. for 40hp C ete

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urveill bserv ac O Personnel Training Standard Operating Protocols ProfessionalizationPatrol Team Size and Complexity Marine of Area Vigilance Means F

Baseftin a private-community employs enforcement model both for Batbitim and Daram securityofficer1 and Communityrangers paid Baseftin6 rangers,6 of total a are NTZs.There who comprise the enforcement team.Community rangers are rotating positions increase to the amount community of and engagement buyoff the on NTZs. Baseftin coordinates 10 patrols per month with the aluminum patrol vessel and hasconstructed three base camps with respective small boat with engine 10hp ensure to continuous presence and fuel lower to costs required for constant patrolling. There is currently no institutional presence (Police, Army, Fisheries) for patrols though a police official may be incorporated intopatrol.Daram the is permanently Daram staffed with 3 rangers and is the primary target bomb for fishers, amongothers, givenits remoteness and relatively short existence thanas a one NTZyear (lessold). The other two base camps will (Baseftinbe rangers Community or staffed a weekly on rangers) basis. The currentwith placement base of be two could post or Yillet the three NTZs though the in officers presence constant ensure to strategic is camps eliminated in the future if Baseftin were share to the TNC base camp Yam. of S

PAGE // 12 PAGE // 13 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce o nf 2012 e 2012 ARAM D t ie ITiM TB Yill BA eria t ri ig Radaris appropriate not areas for undersurveillance. Radio communication is limited: two marine radios handheld (not and 1-Watt base radios) one radio Baseftin on boat. Currently no clear radio communication links exist between base camps While and rangers Baseftin.reported using the following equipment, there were no binoculars, nightGPS, vision binoculars, digital cameras video nor cameras the at time our of visit. WildAid donated a GPS, binoculars and video camera upon our departure. recommend We the establishment of a marine VHF network as a short-termsystem specifications. priorityWe also recommend and the use GPSof willand Google maps to track provide both patrol patterns and in order fuel monitor to use.Integration with TNC/Conservation International’s VHF network is also recommended for coordination purposes. Over the term,long we are recommending the use AIS of monitor large to vessels especially the for monsoon season and tracking for Baseftin patrol vessels. Closest local population from Batbitim 12NM, 35NM from Daram. Thereare traffic no lanes through the NTZs. Maritime traffic is immediatelysouth inthe Ceram Sea. Patrol vessels have 75%+ availability. Baseftin employs 2-stroke maintenance motors with givenlocal mechanic ease and local of familiarity with equipment. While 4-stroke outboardsareefficient, more maintenance would for adoption poseproblems their to due their high tech sophistication level. The patrols are random, not planned but a weekly on basis. There are monthly meetings with rangers discussto strategy and maketo adjustments patrolto plans. There is one reporting form that is comprehensive and has been improved upon over the past 5 years. operations. fishing illegalvillagers on Fafanlap and Yillu frominformation receiveRangers Liveaboards also provide occasional tips. The large Baseftin patrol boat carries out 10 patrols per month and its 75% (optimum).availability Theexceeds Daram outpost is manned with three crew whovessel. possess Both Kalig and Yillet base camps a 3-meter were still under construction patrol as April of 2012. C l Ke s p r m a to e C s ac f Ba d F ed s i ON o I T CA bserv LO O Technology used in Vigilance Distance of Popopultation and Multiple Uses within the MPA close maritime to MPA traffic routes Availability of means Systematization and Planning Vigilance of Availability Intelligence of Information Days Operating Month/Year Per Analys h ce reac nan n ut e w nt kdo p ty O el rea am C & Mai & ost b e sonn L E g c er U n i F P s Ba Communi t era P onthly Monthly O 38% ,440 US $4

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S U 23% s e ns $1,000+ $1,000+ pe US Ex ng $350 in fuel alone. i t US Opera ng $11,628), Fuel$11,628), and Maintenance US rri u cc o e represent the largest Baseftinpersonnel. by has already taken expense followed cost-cutting measures by acquiring three 3-meter patrol vessels with 10 HP engines and by constructing three base camps. Considerations have also been made reduce to the number of patrols and extend the trips of rangers Daram on from days 10 5 to as one round trip Daram to costs These all appear be to practical measures that could easily reduce costs by a month. We understanda month. We that initially more patrols may be needed Daram, for but hopefully there will be a reduction over time. Upon analysisUpon current of monthly patrol ( expenses R

PAGE // 14 PAGE // 15 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce o nf 2012 e 2012 eria t ri The 9-meter patrol vessel has a maximum speed knots while the 3-meter vessels of reach knots. 10 Average 30 cruising velocity patrols for is 12knots of and autonomy 9-meter vessel is 8 hours and 6 hours 3-meter for vessels. Currently Baseftin does coordinate not patrols with other institutions, initial however, discussions have been initiated with TNC, the police and the Pearl Farm. Given the encroachment of bomb fishersat Daram, Baseftin is investigating the possibility of stationing a police officer theat base camp. TNC currently pays 4,500,000 IDR a month for a local police officer so Baseftin may have the do to same. Discussions are underway ‘borrow’ to TNC’s policeman support to Daram activities. Once the VHF radio network is operative, collaborationbecome easier. should Baseftin is still reviewing a finalversion of its boardingprocedures as part their of They SOPs. carry not do out crime scene investigationyet may considerif cases will ever be sent through the judicial system. the near For future,basic measures have been proposed by WildAid such as registeringthe position GPS the of incident, situation reporting to the Main Base (via radio), filming the boardingas well as taking as many pictures as possible. A debriefing session with the Baseftinmanager will be part any of boarding patrol situation. As illegal fishing casesnever go beyond traditional trials, Baseftin rangers typically just confiscate fishing gearand catch,theillegalthen tow to fisher the village for the trial. recommendWe that minimum guidelines be incorporated the for into SOPs collection and management evidence. of Currently part not SOPs. of Current onboard reporting format covers all relevant factors. recommend We complementing the report with portable automatic route GPS recording. casesNo beyond have gone the community trial level. Rangers receive information from villagers Yillu on and illegal fishing Fafanlap operations. Liveaboards provide also occasional tips. C s tion r to ac d F ed bsv er Speed and Autonomy Vessels of Inter-Institutional Cooperation Boarding Procedures and Crime Scene Investigations Evidence Collection and Management Detailed Investigation at the Scene a Crime of Appropriate and Adequate Reporting Presentation Correct of Documentation Administrativefor or Judicial Sanctions. Relationship Between Detected and Intercepted Infractions. O interdic Captain the of Baseftin : T F patrol vessel patrol on << LE Coral $500- t: t: f US e >> Bottom>> L External fishing vessel Mantas of Raja AmpatMantas Raja of ight: ight: p R o tion >> T >> . No cases. No have been processed for c >> Bottom>> R n

eria in only one day t nd Sa nd The Adat ruling and sanctions can be completed within two or one days as opposeda court to case which may take many months complete. to The Adat ruling presents zero costsprocessed via the judicial system can whereas be costly and cases require third-party funding. The Adat finegoes straight into thelocal community fund and hence provides incentive catch to and prosecute infringing fishermen. $1,000) per $1,000) boat that is caught fishing inside the NTZ. ri

The ruling has been in effect since There 2011. May are three key advantages this to mechanism: 1. 2. 3. Baseftin is working with Fafanlap community leaders developto a similar Adat ruling Daram, for however, based on their experience with this the Yillu process community, may take the main reason this for next is that there is generala reluctance couple of years. The to immediately impose community members.Instead, fines,the communityallows a particularlyletterswarninggives and onconcept socializing the of period local to infringing fishermen. This has workedto reduce the vast majority offenders, of after who, receiving warnings from the Adat leaders, stop fishing in the NTZ. The fines are then imposed for the finalfew fishermenwho donot heedthewarnings. This means thatthe timeby fines are imposed the majority the of local community already accepts the NTZconcept and there is backlash no loss or communityof support.Baseftin will however to work have a fine imposedfor fishermen outsidefrom the local community in place sooner as there is the not risk of losing community support when fining them. Two Illegal fishing resolved the caseswere by Batbitim Two in Adat the Daram NTZ. Over the course two of years, MER has worked with the community leaders of Yillu to develop a local fining mechanism that is truly unique and effective enforcement. for In summary, the mechanism NTZ permits the Adat council to levy fines against anyone fishing inthe Batbitim NTZ.The ruling, which is signed by all the Adat leaders and the village head, imposes fines of (approximately IDR between 10,000,000 and 5,000,000 US C

s r

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bsv er Speed and Effectiveness of of Effectiveness and Speed Processes Administrative

O Background Prose

PAGE // 16 PAGE // 17 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce o nf 2012 e 2012 PAGE // 18 PAGE // 19 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce o nf 2012 e 2012 $4,500 the for case. US Fishers bombing in Kofiau in 2012. The fishers Fishers were caught finning sharks and bombing 1: e 1: 2:e eria s s $2,700. These cases$2,700. are critical in setting precedent t a a reefs in Wayag in 2010. The four fishers afterwere a 3-month court case found and appealed one through the guilty higher court supported the court’s lower verdict after an additional 3-months. Fine: 8 months prison and 1 mil IDR. CI invested were found guilty after a 2-month process. Fine: 1 year 3 months and 200M IDR fine. TNC invested that environmental laws will be enforced by formal government authorities and in help ensuring compliance laws. environmental with C C US ri As of April 2012, no illegal fishing cases from Batbitim Daramnor had been processedvia the judicial system. Environmental crimes be to tend priority a low for local officials and often costlyunderwrite as expenses organizations of the must Fisheries offices, Judges prosecutors. learnedand/or We two of illegal fishing cases processed in Raja Ampat with the support CI of and TNC. Two illegalTwo fishing infractions have resulted in fines. The Ranger, Adat Council and violators all participate in the administrative process. A third-party appeal mechanism does exist. not casesNo have been processed viathe judicial system. The two cases processed via council” the were “Adat resolved The two in day. cases one processed via the judicial system required two three to months. In May 2011 the Adat ruling was enacted for apprehended the were fishing that boats sharktwo firstand time just after they had laid their nets within the MCA. These boats were brought the to village, had their catch confiscated and were immediatelyIDR. The second sanction finedinvolved the finingof alocal 5,000,000 fishing“Boss” 25,000,000 who had IDR instructed five hisof boats use to longlines within the Batbitim NTZ. The local village leader had warned him repeatedly yet continuedhe disrespect to the local law. C s r to Island of Raja Ampat Island Raja of ac Base camp under construction at Kelig Baseftin rangers at Daram : t: t: T f read: F Base camp patrol vessel outboard with at Daram 10HP e d F ed : T F p LE iddle LE enter Sp o bserv O Effectiveness and Speed Processes Judicial of Relationcases of resolved not Follow-up of cases of Follow-up Relationship between initiated and sentenced processes Time of process Executed sanctions << M << Bottom<< L C << << T <<

Misool Baseftin : patrol vessel Kelig near >> RIGHT>>

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Overall, Baseftin possesses excellent detection capacity to cover both NTZs given theamount personnel, of patrolcurrent vessels and base camps. The strategic placement base of camps lowers patrolling costs and guarantees a continuous presence, which serves as an important deterrent. The rangers are utilizing a patrol-reporting format and have an adaptive planning mechanism in place. Recommendations improvement for are important and various formats were prepared and delivered implementation for (Base camp Log Book, Boat Log Book, Ready for Sea report, Spare parts inventory, and fixedobserved is assets the lack of inventory).an operational The VHF greatestradio network weaknessand the lack of basic surveillanceequipment such as GPS and binoculars. Once operational, the VHF networkimproved coordinationwill and should enable Baseftin further to allow fuel lower and maintenancefor costs. Overthe medium term, long to we believe the community can be further incorporated into the enforcement system through the provision of marine radios, the painting of fishing vessels and the creation of a fisher registry(additional details provided on page 25). Finally, the addition an of AIS Receiver Batbitim at would increase detection capacity commercial of fishingvessels entering the Southeast and Misoolcould be MPA shared with partners. With respect to interdiction, Baseftin possesses adequate vessels for interdictingforeign fishers fromlocal UnderSorong. fair weather andconditions, the system works well. However, the monsoon season poses as a problem, even the 9-meter patrol vessel is recommended not usefor meter in waves 2+ and stormy conditions. Locals report Javanese longliners enter the area during the monsoon months and Baseftin should develop a strategy with the police, Navy and TNC counteract to these larger vessels. Withrespectprosecutionsanction, and localto finingthe mechanismAdat excellent. Baseftin is is optimistic that a similar mechanism can be established Daram. for In the future, we would only recommend that Baseftin consider working with TNC to process a symbolic illegal fishing case via the judicial system. This could serve as strong additional deterrent foreign to illegal fishing vessels. The CI and TNC cases arecases will important only further consolidate advances for and build awareness creating among all resource users and precedent and additional authorities that environmental crimes will be not tolerated under Indonesian law. the sakeFor brevity, of we have listed a series recommendations of the for improvement each of thecomponent of law enforcement chain. recommend We the implementation activities of over three phases in order ensure to feasibility, as are some simply more important than others. Please refer the list to the on right>> S

PAGE // 20 PAGE // 21 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce e III o s nf a 2012 e 2012 m - Ph g Ter Employ AISEmploy coordinate to interdictions with authorities who possess larger patrol vessels. In addition, numerous smaller vessels could be deployed to assist Baseftin rangers. Installation anof AIS to monitor large commercial vessels and improve tracking Baseftin of patrol vessels in real time. Implement ClassImplement B AIS transceivers board on of Baseftinlarger vessels.

on No RecommendationsNo L 1. 1. 2. e II s a m - Ph um Ter i d Highlight a symbolic illegal fishing case process and via the judicial system. Improve Crime Scene Investigation and report writing in the event a case is submitted via the judicial system. Incorporation local of fishers into system as first alert aids. Continuously monitor fuel once all networks are established identifyto costs savings. Carry-out fisher registry Village. Yillu in Paint fishingvessels one color with unique markings per village and establish framework local for fishery management authority.

1. Me 1. 1. 2. 3. 4. on i t e I a s a nd e e - Ph t ia omm d e No recommendationsNo as Adat ruling is highly effective and efficient. Coordinate with local police and TNC intercept to foreign vessels encroaching upon the NTZ. Installation Marineof VHF Radio NetworkBatbitim, on boats and remote posts. Improve local rangers training: Basic IMO Courses and Boat Captain’s Course. Establishment a critical of spare parts Please inventory. refer page to 30 details for Installation a privateof VHF base radio Batbitim at for coordination purposes with CI & TNC.

1. 1. 2. Imm 1. 2. 3. R on i t nc Sa nt on: on/ i i t one ut ion: ic p t d ec ec er os t r De P Int Com F - - - - - 1 VH e t io va d a ri ARAM R P D o i ad F F 1 1 1 1 1 2 ld R ld VH e t e n ie ER T Handheld Marine VHF radios must have 4W 4W have mustMarineradios HandheldVHF transmission 6W to power and an additional high gain antenna is highly recommended improvingfor radio performance at long distances. It is these expected options, the that maximum with distance handheld Base to station could be around for 10 NM. Yill Mari Handh

e REPEA ig l s Ba F Ke 1 1 1 1 1 1 VH e on nt s s n i e t nme tat ig k Si Mari S r o w t nt Ass me F Ne F F f VH - - - - - 1 VH er on o i e t t n ca nd Postnd Equip o L a TIONS epea Mari R

IFICA

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- - - - - 1 di E a on hore i P F R S E 1: SE 1: S tat A S VH S AI

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on of i

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AIS: 45-50 NM detecting for AIS Class A transceivers and (big 25-30 NM ships) for vessels B Class Marine VHF Repeater: 30 nautical miles connecting for with other VHF Base Stations stations. CI’s and TNC’sconnecting nautical to milesfor 30 station:basePrivateVHF with25W 6db whip antenna. EC

CHCANI T Ne energy sources to sustain the operation of the site. Both the VHF Repeater as well as as well as Repeater VHF the Both site. the of Batbitim has been operation selected the as the marine VHF Repeater sustain because its of location in the site center to the of region and its logistic and capability as and available the AIS Shore Station sources energy the AIS station must have high gain performance. antennas The following maximum ranges are (>6dB) expected: for improving maximum range • • • Marine VHF 25W base station should be installed on remoteness the of the region, high gain antennas remote are recommended dB whip antennas). (6 bases. Due to the The greatest area improvement for in the Baseftin surveillance system is the need radio a for communication system. The core of enforcement operations isthe VHF radio network. The network onlynot link the base will camps managed by Baseftin, also but those manned by allied NGOs and the neighboring villages. At the Main Base, a Repeater Station is needed in order to extend the communications range all of the stations on shore and at sea. High-powered VHF Base Stations are needed the at Main and remote bases as well as board on the two bigger patrol boats. Smaller boats and individual rangers should be equipped with handheld marine radios operating with improved capabilities such as higher power and high performance antennas. Inst

Patrol Boat BASEFTIN 1 Patrol Boat BASEFTIN 2 Kalig Yillet Daram Batbitim Post

D 1. TE

PAGE // 22 PAGE // 23 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce o nf 2012 e 2012 ARAM D ons i t c d A e nd e omm Distance from the antenna the to Base Radio is issue. a major Do not exceed 50m. Distance shall be kept as short as possible. High highly gain antenna recommended (≥6dB) Antenna must be placed the at left the of side post. If possible,place it theat small hill located the at left the of side Post. A mediumtermA alternativeVHF 2nd Repeater site locatea couldto be Gelu.at This could be as done a joint project with TNC if an agreement is reached. High highly gain antenna recommended (≥6dB) It It has communications with the Daram Post and These stations Yam could relay the calls Post when trying (TNC). contact to Batbitim. Locate the antenna by the beach at the south part of the base (+/- 30 m.). Locate the antenna by the 30 m.). beach the at south part the of base (+/- a 30m-50mUse cable connect to the antenna the to Base Radio the at Post High highly gain antenna recommended (≥6dB) ec m i R • • • • • • • • • • t i tb t t Ba ie ER T o a i Yill d a REPEA e R s ed F Ba ig l bserv e VH t Ke a v ms O ems ri f P Es robl ON P Has no clear line of sight with the VHF RepeaterVHFwiththe sight of lineclear no Has site at Batbitim Has no feasible line of sight with Repeater the site at Batbitim. VHF Has no line of sight to the proposed Marine VHF Repeater Batbitim site at on o on i W Z W t a ll ADO SH a O I e Inst Upon completion of the local marine VHF network in Southeast Misool, Baseftin should also consider the installation of a VHFprivate base radio at Batbitim for coordination purposesand Authorities and the with VHF a complete of development network the for Raja Ampat Initiative. Walton CI & TNC. This would allow for improved coordination with allied NGOs F RAD F t VH Daram Yillet Kalig Si 2. Due to theDue to fact that there are many high elevation islands inthe the sector, performance the of VHF radio network has coverage limitations even with the repeater station at Batbitim. The gray shaded zones in the radio coverage graph limited.below In addition wehave listedillustrates communication difficultieswhere communication by site provided and recommendations.is WildAid Oswaldo Rosero trains : T F Baseftin Manager Hery Yusamandra on the use a new of device. GPS << LE << , , as s ger n a ol R ol r t a SE II: d P A e H as currently there are limits no either to While one. maybe an not issue s P

ty Ba i ON I

painting of all fishing boats with a single color per community per single color a fishing with Negotiateboats all the painting of

well as the installation of a poleperspective, and community this will flag help in on every easily differentiatingboat. Baseftin betweenFrom could simultaneously discussan local the possibility enforcement creating of and a Fisher Fishingand foreign fishers. Boatsregister for now, it could become a problem given migration Fishers would need to andpay a symbolic fee for reboundinga local Adat fishing license, fishing the paintingof stocks. vessels and simply “ownership for the of TURF”. The register would need be to updated fishers/ retirement theof for aswell members/vesselsas new include to annuallyorder in vessels. A fisher registry could further solidifycommunity as well as involvethe the fishers in relationshipfisherymonitoring and vigilance activities. between Baseftin and the Once the VHF radio network is operational, Local Community Enforcement Agents Baseftin warn rangers could and radio handheld marine VHF a receive would (fishers) unusual anyactivity Localabout unidentified MPA. community entering or boats the their first yet requireminimumwould at trainingagents enforcementequipment and inclusion may be cheaper than hiring “official” rangers over thepropertylong and responsibilitiesterm. their for use must be clearly statedRadio and resolved in advance. The VHF radio network will also allow better coordination between local communities and Baseftin in the event of a contingency (lost fishermen, wreckage, oil spill, etc.). In cooperation with communities, begin discussions establish to limits the for number of fishermen and fishing boats. We recommend establishing a fisherycapture registration program estimation a rapid for captures of per unit effort of and the state the of stocks. While the aforementioned activities are dependent upon community consultation, we believe that this could serve as a framework replication for throughout the Southeast Misool Raja Ampat MPA, Regency and also beyond. We strongly suggest that the initiative be carried a pilot on basis out with community one determine to feasibility. EC

T 1. Commun 2. 3. 4.

D 3.

PAGE // 24 PAGE // 25 ia s n n // Indone // on i on NT i t SSME a E t SS E III: nt A nt l l l S S S a a a me $ 113,096$ $ 10,500 $ 10,958 $ 9,065 $3,901 $ 65,032 6,000 $ $ 7,638 A rce o US US US US US US US US Tot Tot Tot nf f AI H 2012 e 2012 P on o on i t ON a I m i ll T it a tb EC $ 41,715 $ 41,715 $ 6,075 $ 35,640 T Ba Inst Given the incursion of commercial fishing vessels and in poor the navigation MPA with patrol vessels during monsoon months, Baseftin shouldconsider the installation an of AIS As repeater. most commercial and passenger vessels are mandated use to AIS, Baseftin would be see to able who is entering the Southeast within Misool MPA a 60 nautical mile perimeter. The information could be relayed patrolto partners, authorities and the local community. AIS transceivers could also be placed on each patrol vessel so the Baseftin patrol manager could locate the exact location patrolof vessels in real-time. This is convenient for management purposes and coordinating for interdictions. - - US - - - - US US US Year 3 Year 3 Year 3 E D 4. $ 15,298$ $ 10,500 $ 4,798 $ 10,500 $ 1,808 $ $ 2,990 - - US US US US US - - US Year 2 Year 2 Year 1 ARAM D $ 56,083 $ $ 7,638 $ 48,444 $ 3,075 $ 9,065 $ 911 $ 29,392 6,000 $ $ 7,638 - US US US US US US US US US Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 t ie ds Nee ent m ip Yill m ig i l ty Equ it Ka tb Ba nd Safe nd a : : ce nt nt nt n a me me me nge ll a st ei R w Patrol and Surveillance Equipment Requirements Critical Spare parts lot Safety Life of as sea equipment: Lifejackets, flares, searchlights, flashlights, etc. VHF Radio Communications: Base stations, handhelds, high gain antennas Surveillance equipment: Binoculars, night vision devices, GPS AIS Station and control center Main Base Control post office Spare outboard 85HP motor Equip Equip Equip rv ng ts Li y ar nt Flo ar tori i e tons, Su tons, stm Mon e umm ica ic l Spare P on t S l Inv ica r a t t ge ri ot ec em em em El Orange Perimeter represents VHF 20NM Range & Olive Perimeter represents AIS 60NM Range . C ud 1. C. T 1. B A. Commun A. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2. It It It B Annex to (Refer Budget I for Detail) on i t Assump On an annual basis, a vessel should be in operating condition least at the of 75% time. Seizures should decrease over time as and localforeign fishers becomeaware of constant enforcement presence. Base camps and small patrol vessels serve as deterrent.a Fuel and maintenance costs should decrease as radio communication network and base camps come on line. Monthly expenses will then stabilize recurring a lower at level. 84 of nauticalAverage miles per week. ion t s ts crip s $222,000 was collected distribution for tor $200,000 sustainto operations.With the ar US De Monthly report boats of detected yet not interdicted. Total monthly expenses on fuel and maintenance. sum miles of Total patrolled a monthly on basis per the patrol boat and GPS the book. log Number days of each patrol vessel is available per month. Monthly report boats of captured classified by the type of infraction, fishing gear, origin of fishers & resulting sanction. US l Ch ONS ica Ind I ica T ut nce A a ool $140,000. This figure does not take into consideration ty i m US l ND i or nt T e nab m erf CAs Na on ai onth age d P OMME e n ust nd e $5K $5K radio/equipment network maintenance, further lease payments nor d per M ty PAs & M PAs i e l Costs al on l US i i t REC S l cia

s a Ma b oll a r l omm s nt M t s S a g ai a

nan tor n ec

ri i s P ure the following:the replacement outboard of motors every per motor, 5 years @$10K annual any community social projects have recommended several cost-cutting among measures in the assessment,overall we still other miscellaneous expenses.estimate a minimum annual price tag of While we F Currently patrol operations are sustained primarily by external foundation fundinga transitionand plan needs to be defined over themedium to long term. Annual Baseftin patrolling operations cost We recommendWe the use portable of devices GPS every on patrol as the Baseftin Manager can later download the patrol course Google to Earth and Maps. The Google platform allows the Manager view to the patrol track,determine overall distance traveled and can in help identifying irregularities,as distance covered should correlate with amount fuelof used. Often times fuel can be sea. at sold GP R Baseftin should coordinate with other NGOs and the appropriate entity responsible thefor printing Indonesian of Nautical Charts and the for MCA inclusion MPA of boundaries nautical on charts. This will be a concrete way disseminate to local information the to greater Indonesian fisher community. P throughout the entire The fund Regency. is currently divided in the following manner: 40% for conservation, 40% for community investment, and 20% for administration. exit of foundation funding, who among the stakeholders can sustainBaseftincanstakeholdersoperations the among funding,who foundation of exit and infrastructure needs?briefly We explored thefollowing possible funding sources: Government, Foundation created endowment, MCA specificoperators, the Misool Eco Resort and finally entry a guestprogram. donor fee for tourism A quick investigation into Currently, all the tourists entering Raja Ampat must pay a small entry fee, which government is collected option revealed theat Regency a total level. In of 2010, little realistic hope. t Av t l Opera al e hti a

l ther o ot

B Mi T Sig Seiz icaInd 4. 3.

O 1.

PAGE // 26 PAGE // 27 ia s // Indone // fee NT NT SSME E E m SS nt A nt y me eg nt M RCE t ogra rce o e O ra nf F m pr N st 2012 e 2012 g w ng n i v CA E ER nci a d d iere Endo M M Gi n -t r ou f MCA fi Crab Bottom: members would receive newsletters and be asked contribute to via annual fund drives. Specific high-net-worth individuals could be targeted for more substantial donations. Over time, the community donors of could grow into an important source funds of representing roughly 10% or more of the total estimated operational budget. 50% 10% t: t: 25% r 15% 15% : M: so e GRA o R O c could prove disastrous the for industry as well as crush best attempts help to initiatives. conservation fund MER/Baseftin must exercise caution in attempting levy to user fees their for NTZs as this may be legally complicated. The generation local of streams of revenue could also complicate the relationships with local communities as they may view the income as theirs and understand not that there is a time This sources. income current to limit is important as current illegal fishing fineslevied by community eldersgoes theto community and does support not Baseftin operations. G PRG

IN 2. sool E V GI A ‘Friends Misool’ of giving program could be established whereby guests MER of and liveaboards could join an donation ongoing program administered by Baseftin. These Mi is importantIt that note to the MER currently underwrites several that include: mechanics, expensessecurity officials, accountant, food logistics, utilities, and office space amongothers. This represents roughly 10% of budget. While just completing its third year the total of operations, MER has yet to turn a profit, operational couldbut still perhaps contribute a set percentageprofits Baseftin of to operations beyond what is currently allocated.In short, MER could conceivably underwrite 15% total of operations over the term. long $3 million million $3 US $20/passenger yields$20/passenger US : : $105,000 annually. This annually. $105,000 US ee nt F ent nt: nt: m rce o f me There are rumors of a tax to be levied on Raja Ampat tourism operators, which w

1. $50,000 annually. This represents roughly CA En CA represents roughly 50% of the total estimated operational budget. Maintaining a diversified portfolio, which includes stocks, bonds, real estate, venture capital and other investments, would minimize volatility. 25% of the budget. There are two potential problems total estimated with the this of development alternative: operational US M Currently there are over25 liveaboards who operate in Raja Ampat, yet very few contribute conservation to activities beyond paying the local tourism license and entry fees. They clearly benefit from enforcement activities; however, they do not pay for the service and truly represent an untapped opportunity. MER is currently developing a fundraising strategy live-boards for that could conceivably cover more than 30% of Baseftinoperatingexpenses term. long the in Again, using a conservative formula, we estimate 25 live-aboards with average 100 of tourists per year @ Endo An endowment would represent the core theof funding portfolio and would ensure uninterrupted patrolling the of MCAs and costs operation Baseftin minimum sustain while other revenue streams were developed. Using a very conservative spending rate formula, we estimate the need for Fundadministration is politically motivated and the overall amount is a material not source given the scope conservationof and social needs the of entire Even Regency. police and Navy collaborationis often underwrittenby the large NGOs.In short, reliance the on government fully to fund operations would be overly optimistic and even co-management an of enforcement fund is risky givenrecent events Komodo at National Park.Government cooperation is vital yet fund management and operations administration does necessarily not have beto placed under their control. complete WildAid recommends considering a four- tiered MCA financing strategy to sustain Baseftin operations. @ 3.5% to yield arks m Needed for increasing comms range Each to be installed at remote bases and main base Each to be installed at remote bases and main base 1 for each remote base. for 2 main base 2 for remote bases. 1 for main base theFor patrolling boat on duty theFor patrolling boat on duty - be installedTo at MER be installedTo at MER be installedTo at MER 1 per Remote Base Stations batteries w/2 1 for each remote base boat. 1 for the main base boat 1 for each remote base. for 2 main base completeTo the current stock of life jackets - 1 for each remote base. 1 for main base 1 for each remote base. 1 for main base theFor new boat 1 for each remote base. 1 for main base - 1 for each remote base boat. 1 for the main base boat be usedTo by crew of the remote stations boats - For theFor patrolling boat on duty Re l a $307.80 $3,375.50 $3,037.50 $506.25 $2,160.00 $1,093.50 $60.75 $81.00 $1,080.00 $6,075.00 $2,632.50 $1,822.50 $181.04 $968.06 $1,721.25 $349.41 $378.00 $216.00 $569.75 $405.00 $945.00 $6,075.00 $1,984.50 $360.61 - US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US Tot ia l s ca o $51.30 $675.00 $607.50 $168.75 $1,080.00 $364.50 $378.00 $20.25 $27.00 $1,080.00 $6,075.00 $877.50 $607.50 $60.35 $193.61 $114.75 $174.70 $94.50 $54.00 $94.96 $81.00 $472.50 $1,215.00 $330.75 $60.10 $ L rice P Indone US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US - y ar t i n eferen l U $38 $500 $450 $125 $800 $270 $280 $15 $20 $800 $4,500 $650 $450 $45 $17 $85 $129 $70 $40 $70 $60 $350 $900 $245 $45 $ R $ rice ia P t US US US US US US US US US US US US US Us US US US US US US US US US US US US nts e m ire equ nt R e m ds Nee ent ip m ip Equ ty Equ ce n a ll nd Safe nd ei a nt ce

rv me n a u ll ei ICOM Marine VHF 25W Base Station with Power supply unit ICOM marine VHF Base Station 6 dB Antenna with cable and ancillary parts Marine waterproof Binoculars 7X50 or up to 12X50 Night Vision Devices with 5X Zoom 14.1 MPixel Digital Camera with Optical16x Zoom and built in GPS Portable Water proof HD video camera Digital Camera storage bag IS Base Station Antenna 6 dB. Fiber Glass AIS Base Station Receiver ITU M.1371-1, 12V Solar panels 30 VDC 250 W, máx., 3.5 Amp min. Solar panels 30 135 VDC W, máx., 3.5 Amp min. First Aid Kit PFD, Life saving Jacket (floatation)Yellow or Orange LED Search Lights. w/Rechargeable batteries Leatherman Multi Tool Solar powered flashlights with battery backup Inflatable Vinyl BoatFender(10.5”White) x 30”, Coastal Locator Flares Kit Portable waterproof GPS Class B AIS transceiver. Waterproof, floatable and with long duty cycle rechargeable batteries Water proof & floatable Handheld Marine VHF Radio or 6W (ICOM)4W with built in GPS-DSC capability Spare batteries for handheld marine VHF ICOM radios ICOM highperformance Antennas for Handheld Marine VHF radios Megaphone 25W with rechargeable batteries 8 GB SDHC Flash Memory Cards for cameras Equip

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SEF e A 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 1. It 20.

B Commun A. D

PAGE // 28 PAGE // 29 ia s // Indone // NT SSME E SS nt A nt me rce o nf 2012 e 2012 arks m ------AIS base station and microwave links Includes solar generation, lightning protection and grounding installation 3mx3mx2.5m wood infrastructure, 2 desks 1 at Main base 1 for each remote station At AIS station for powering Receiver 2 at each Remote Base. 2 for Main Base - - protectTo and store batteries and electronic equipment at main base solar generation station Xeon Quad Core W3520, 4GB RAM, 2.66MHz, HDD 2x300 GB, 7.2k SATA RAID. NVIDIA Quadro 290 graphics w/246MB card Provided by MaxSea - FURUNO - - Re l a $95,807.90 $ $675.00 $6,885.00 $810.00 $ $2,025.00 $2,565.00 $3,375.00 $6,750.00 $6,750.00 6,000.00 $ $438.75 $1,316.25 $1,215.00 $4,860.00 $270.00 $1,215.00 $3,000 $2,160.00 $6,750.00 $337.50 $1,350.00 US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US Tot ia l s ca o $675.00 $2,295.00 $810.00 $2,025.00 $2,565.00 $3,375.00 $6,750.00 $6,750.00 6,000.00 $ $438.75 $438.75 $607.50 $607.50 $270.00 $405.00 $3,000 $2,160.00 $6,750.00 $337.50 $1,350.00 $ L rice P Indone US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US - y ar t i n eferen l U $500 $1,700 $600 $1,500 $1,900 $2,500 $5,000 $5,000 $325 $325 $450 $450 $200 $300 $1,600 $5,000 $250 $1,000 $ R $ rice ia - - P t US US US US US US US US Us US US US US US US US US US US nts e ed) nu m ire i equ nt R e m ds (Cont ds Nee ent ip m ip Equ ty Equ ce n a l a ll nd Safe nd ot ei a nt ce rv me n a u ll ub - T ub ei Microwave 5.8GHz radios w/Reflector antennas 1.5m, 3inch diameter Poles for AIS Antenna ans Microwave radio antennas Lightning Rod. Franklin type Grounding Cooper Rod and grounding mesh Civil works for Antennas, Grounding, solar panels installation Engineering and integration. Surveillance System Engineering and integration. Electrical System Main Base Office with 3 Bunk dormitory. Charge Controller 20-30A, 12/24 VDC Electrolyte Gel Batteries 115Ah 12V, Electrolyte Gel Batteries 115Ah 12V, Wooden Base for the Solar Panels Inverters remote (for bases) 50Hz 220V 3Amp Wood or Fiber Glass shelter for Batteries, charge controller, AIS eqiupment. 1.5m x 1.5m x 2m PC Workstation AIS data viewer software LED 21 inch monitor 4 port BaseT Switch. 10/100 Include 100 m. UPT cat 5e cable and connectors 4 port BaseT router/switch. 10/100 Includes 100 m cat 5e cabling and connectors Charge Controller 20-30A, 12/24 VDC S Equip rv ts ni ol & S & rol U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U t a tons, Su tons, P ica N ty. I 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 8 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 Q T

SEF e A 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 26. It

B Commun A.

er umb N t ar A P AMAHA ks / Y / ks mar e 633-81832-11 61A-81950-00 661-81941-10 688-45113-A0 703-82510-43 688-44352-03 688-45571-01 688-45560-00 688-45551-01 93306-207u0 93332-000w7 688-45384-00 688-W0001-02 688-14483-AO 688-81800-12 688-85540-00 697-85570-00 688-85510-01 692-24410-00 61N-24560-00 6H1-15359-01-94 93306-206u5 93310-835u8 688-11650-03 93603-21111 663-11633-00 688-11631-03-94 688-11603-A0 u4 93310-636 93310-730 V8 R l a $ 289.44 $ 189.25 $ 55.66 $ 11.13 94.62$ $ 75.70 $ 193.70 200.38$ $ 128.02 $ 33.40 $ 100.19 $ 33.40 $ 100.19 $ 105.76 $ 6.68 $ 500.95 $ 356.23 $ 141.93 389.62$ 144.72 $ $ 122.45 $ 61.23 $ 89.06 111.32 $ $ 556.61 $ 1.78 $ 44.53 $ 178.11 $ 66.79 $ 100.19 $ 300.57 US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US Tot ia l s ca o $ 144.72 $ $ 189.25 $ 55.66 $ 5.57 94.62$ $ 18.93 $ 96.85 $ 100.19 $ 64.01 $ 16.70 $ 50.10 $ 16.70 $ 3.34 $ 52.88 $ 2.23 $ 500.95 $ 356.23 $ 47.31 389.62$ $ 36.18 30.61 $ 30.62 $ $ 44.53 $ 55.66 $ 139.15 $ 0.45 $ 11.13 $ 44.53 $ 16.70 $ 50.10 $ 50.10 $ L rice P Indone US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US - y ar t i n eferen l U $ R $ rice ia ------P t Us st nt me ts Li relay assy, trim starter relay assy Gasket, upper casing Main switch assy Impeller Gear, reverse Gear, fwd gear Pinion, rev.gear Bearing, gear fwd Bearing, (prophehaftNut housing) Gear oil (SAE 90) Carburetor repair kit repair Carburetor starting motor assy CDI unit assy Ignition coil assy Stator assy Fuel pump assy assy Filter Housing, oil seal (crankshaft) Bearing, lower (crankshaft) journal main Bearing, connecting rod assy Pin, dowel Pin, piston (std) Piston Piston, ring set (standard) Bearing, crankshaft upper Bearing, con rod pnion assy, starter Powerheat gasket kit Equip ar ts ni Set - Unit ------L Set U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. U. Set - Set U l Spare P ty. 1 1 2 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 30 3 1 1 3 1 4 4 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 2 6 2 2 Q ica t m e ri 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. It 1. C

PAGE // 30 PAGE // 31 ia s // Indone // NT er SSME E umb SS N t nt A nt me ar rce o nf 2012 e 2012 A P AMAHA ks / Y / ks mar e ------GE5-45949-00EL GE5-45371-10 6Y2-24306-53 ------R l a $18,138.73 $ 11.13 $ 16.70 $ 2.23 $ 11.13 $ 5.57 $ 16.70 $ 11.13 $ 44.53 10,500.00$ $ 440.00$ $ 66.79 222.64 $ $ 89.06 $ 16.70 900.00$ 260.00$ 90.00$ $ 26.00 150.00$ 280.00$ $ 16.70 $ 66.79 $ 33.40 $ 33.40 $ 22.26 $ 22.26 - US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US Tot ia l s ca o $ 5.57 $ 1.11 $ 1.12 $ 5.57 $ 2.79 $ 8.35 $ 5.57 $ 22.27 10,500.00$ $ 220.00$ $ 16.70 $ 55.66 $ 2.78 1.67 $ $ 225.00 $ 65.00 $ 15.00 $ 13.00 $ 15.00 140.00$ 1.67 $ $ 33.40 $ 16.70 $ 16.70 $ 11.13 $ 11.13 $ L rice - P Indone US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US US - y ar t i n eferen l U $ R $ rice ia ------P t Us d) e nu i ont l c a ot st ( nt me ts Li ub - T ub carburetor set carburetor starting rope oil seal (crankshaft) valve Pash rod Throttle lever compartment Gasket kit Cross Joint 85 HP outboard motor Tab, trim Fuel pipe comp Engine Oil (meditran S40/SAE 40) Spark plug Batteries 105Ah 12V for YAMAHA 85HP o/b motor Command Cables (Moorse) Fuel rubber pumps w/hose Anchors Grease Tool Set propeller Shaft (propeller shaft) Ignition coil assy coil pulser Piston Ring piston Bearing (crankshaft) Propeller S Equip ar ts ni Unit mtr Unit Unit Unit Unit Unit Unit U. - - ltr U. U. U. U. U. Tubes U. Unit Unit Unit Unit Unit Unit Unit - U l Spare P ty. 2 15 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 4 4 32 10 4 4 6 2 10 2 10 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Q ica t m e ri 47. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 48. 49. 50. It 32. C This report is printed on 100% Recycled Paper

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