Geology and Tectonic Framework of the Keowee- Toxaway Region

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Geology and Tectonic Framework of the Keowee- Toxaway Region The 24th Annual David S. Snipes/Clemson Hydrogeology Symposium Field Trip Guidebook Geology and Tectonic Framework of the Keowee- Toxaway Region, Northwestern South Carolina and Engineering Geology of the Bad Creek Pumped Storage Project, Northwestern South Carolina Malcolm F. Schaeffer HDR Engineering, Inc. 440 South Church Street Suite 900 Charlotte, NC 28202-2075 Field Trip Leaders: Malcolm Schaeffer and Scott Brame March 30, April 1, and April 28, 2016 GEOLOGY AND TECTONIC FRAMEWORK OF THE KEOWEE-TOXAWAY REGION, NORTHWESTERN SOUTH CAROLINA Malcolm F. Schaeffer, HDR Engineering, Inc., 440 South Church Street, Suite 900, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202-2075, [email protected] INTRODUCTION A significant amount of geologic work has been completed in the last fifteen years in the Keowee-Toxaway Region of northwestern South Carolina and vicinity (Garihan 2001, 2005, 2008; Garihan et al. 2005; Hatcher 2000, 2001a, 2001b; Hatcher and Lin 2001; Hatcher et al. 2001; Garihan and Ranson 2003; Merschat et al. 2003; Merschat and Hatcher 2007; Clendenin and Garihan 2004, 2007a, 2007b, 2008; Garihan and Clendenin 2007; Merschat et al. 2010) that builds on and extends the ground-breaking work by Villard Griffin (1967, 1969, 1971, 1973, 1974a, 1974b, 1975, 1993) and Bob Hatcher (1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1977, 1978a, 1978b, 1984; Hatcher et al. 1973; Hatcher and Acker 1984) and work by others in the area and region (Brown and Cazeau 1964; Cazeau 1967; Acker and Hatcher 1970; Lemmon 1973, 1981; Lemmon and Dunn 1973a, 1973b; Odom and Fullagar 1973; Roper and Justus 1973; Bond 1974; Horton 1974; Odom and Russell 1975; Clark et al. 1978; Fullagar et al. 1979; Harper and Fullagar 1981; Bobyarchick 1983, 1984; Edelman et al. 1987; Bobyarchick et al. 1988; Horton and McConnell 1991; Nelson et al. 1998)1. Hatcher (1993, 2002), Garihan et al. (2001), and Garihan and Ranson (2012), in field guides for the Carolina Geological Society, summarized the state of knowledge and advances in the understanding of the geology/tectonics of the region, in particular the Inner Piedmont at the time of those trips.2 Recent David S. Snipes/Clemson Hydrogeology Symposium field trips have examined the geology of the region in the light of the recent geologic work and interpretations (Goforth et al. 2012; Clendenin and Garihan 2013; Goretoy and Brame 2014; Sellers and Brame 2015). In the last twenty-five years major changes have occurred in geologic concepts and methods of analysis resulting in new theories of the tectonic development of the Appalachians. These geologic concepts and methods of analysis are continuously being updated as additional data are collected and different and sometimes contradictory interpretations are developed. A number of tectonic models of the southern and central Appalachians have been developed based on new data, including but not limited to state-of-the-art sensitive high-resolution zircon age-dating (SHRIMP), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LAICP-MSI), new isotope data (Pb isotope and Sm-Nd), chemical analysis of metavolcanic and plutonic rocks, new detailed geologic mapping, an improved understanding of tectonic links between internal and external parts of the Appalachians, and modern geophysical data, primarily aeromagnetic and gravity (Hatcher et al. 2007) Recent models include those by Rankin et al. (1989), Horton et al (1989), Hatcher et al. (1990), Hibbard et al. (2002, 2006), Hatcher et al. (2007) and Hatcher (2010)3. This review seeks to summarize and synthesize the work in the Keowee-Toxaway Region in the context of a 1 This is by no stretch of the imagination all the work that has been done in the area; they are mainly the ones I am familiar with and have referred to in the past when working in and writing about the Bad Creek project and region. 2 A number of the Carolina Geological Society Annual Field Trip Guides are available on the Society’s website: http://carolinageologicalsociety.org/CGS/Guidebooks.html 3 Again, not an exhaustive list of models developed over the last twenty-five years. 1 Southern and Central Appalachians tectonic framework model developed by Hatcher et al. (2007) that incorporates the advances made by geologic investigations and increased knowledge of the region over the last twenty-five years. GEOLOGY OF THE KEOWEE-TOXAWAY REGION Introduction The crystalline rocks of the southern Appalachians occur in northeast-trending parallel geologic terranes. The Keowee-Toxaway Region is within the Tugaloo terrane that includes rocks of the eastern Blue Ridge northwest of the Brevard zone as well as the rocks of the western Inner Piedmont southeast of the Brevard zone (Figure 1). The Tugaloo terrane maintains the same stratigraphic sequence (Tallulah Falls-Ashe Formation) across the Brevard zone (Figure 2; Hatcher et al. 2007) and contains detrital zircons of Laurentian provenance (Bream et al. 2004; Bream 2003, in Hatcher et al. 2007). The late Cambrian to early Ordovician Chauga River Formation and middle Ordovician Poor Mountain Formation sedimentary and volcanic rocks overlie the Tallulah Falls-Ashe sequence and are intruded by various granitoid rocks (Henderson Gneiss, Table Rock suite, and others) in the Inner Piedmont south of the Brevard zone (Hatcher 2002; Bream 2003; in Hatcher et al. 2007). A compiled geologic map of the Keowee-Toxaway Region is presented in Figures 3a, 3b, and 3c. Blue Ridge - Introduction The Blue Ridge is a mountainous zone that extends from southern Pennsylvania to central Alabama and varies in width from less than 24 km to about 100 km. Its greatest width is in the Tennessee/Carolinas/North Georgia segment. It is a complex crystalline terrane consisting of Precambrian gneissic basement core structurally overlain by a vast thickness of metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of Precambrian to lower Paleozoic age (Hatcher 1978a, 1978b). Numerous igneous bodies of mafic to felsic composition intrude into the basement core and the overlying metasedimentary and metavolcanic sequence. The structure of the Blue Ridge is controlled by major thrust faults, associated complex polyphase folding, and later brittle faulting (Hatcher 1978a). The southern Blue Ridge is divided into three belts: 1) a western belt of imbricate thrust sheets involving upper Precambrian and lower Paleozoic rock and some basement rocks, 2) a central belt containing most of the basement rocks exposed in the Blue Ridge terrane along with higher grade upper Precambrian and possible lower Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks, and 3) an eastern belt of high grade early Paleozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks (Hatcher 1978a, 1978b; Hatcher et al. 2007). The eastern belt of the southern Blue Ridge comprises those portions of the Tugaloo terrane that occur northwest of the Brevard zone (Figure 1). Blue Ridge – Keowee-Toxaway Region The principal rock units of the western Tugaloo terrane (eastern Blue Ridge belt) within the Keowee-Toxaway Region are the Tallulah Falls Formation (Cambrian) and the underlying Toxaway Gneiss (Hatcher 1977; Figure 2) which underlie the upper portion of Lake Jocassee northwest of the Rosman fault and Brevard zone (Figure 3c). Rocks of the Tallulah Falls 2 Keowee-Toxaway Region Figure 1: Tectonostratigraphic terrane map of the southern and central Appalachians (from Hatcher et al. 2007) and approximate location of the Keowee-Toxaway Region (Figures 3a, 3b, and 3c). 3 Formation consists of metagraywacke, pelitic schist, mafic volcanic rocks, quartzite and are migmatitic. They are intruded by Paleozoic granitoid rocks and overlie 1,000 to 1,200 million years ago (Ma) Grenville basement in the Toxaway Dome (Hatcher 1977) and Paleozoic oceanic crust (Figure 2; Hatcher 2002). The formation consists of four members: 1) the quartzite-schist member, 2) the lower graywacke-schist-amphibolite member, 3) the garnet-aluminous schist member, and 4) the upper graywacke-schist member (Hatcher 1977). The lower member contains quartzite with interlayered schist. The lower graywacke-schist-amphibolite member contains metagraywacke (quartz-biotite-plagioclase-muscovite gneiss), amphibolite, muscovite schist, and biotite schist. Layers of granitic gneiss and pegmatites also occur in the lower member. Overlying this member is the garnet-aluminous schist member. It consists of muscovite-garnet-kyanite schist with interlayered amphibolite, muscovite schist, metagraywacke, granitic gneiss, and pegmatites. It is generally easily recognizable by abundant garnet and kyanite. The upper graywacke-schist member contains metagraywacke, muscovite schist, muscovite-biotite schist, and minor amounts of amphibolite, granitic gneiss, and pegmatites. In some areas surrounding the Toxaway Dome, the lower members are absent, suggesting either non-deposition or faulting out of the lower members (Hatcher 1977; Merschat et al. 2003; Schaeffer 2007; Clendenin and Garihan 2007a). Mylonitic fabrics, up to several thousands meters thick, in the Talluluh Falls rocks northwest of the Brevard zone are attributed to deformation along the zone (Clendenin and Garihan 2008, Cattanach et al. 2012). Although recent mapping (Merschat et al. 2003; Clendenin and Garihan 2007a; Cattanach et al. 2012) of the Tallulah Falls Formation in the area does not distinguish the members described by Hatcher (1977), they describe similar lithologic sequences. Figure 2: Stratigraphic relationships in the Tugaloo terrane (from Hatcher 2002). The Toxaway Gneiss, part of the Precambrian basement of the eastern Blue Ridge,
Recommended publications
  • AGENDA 6:00 PM, MONDAY, NOVEMEBR 20Th, 2017 COUNCIL CHAMBERS OCONEE COUNTY ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLEX
    AGENDA 6:00 PM, MONDAY, NOVEMEBR 20th, 2017 COUNCIL CHAMBERS OCONEE COUNTY ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLEX 1. Call to Order 2. Invocation by County Council Chaplain 3. Pledge of Allegiance 4. Approval of Minutes a. November 6th, 2017 5. Public Comment for Agenda and Non-Agenda Items (3 minutes) 6. Staff Update 7. Election of Chairman To include Vote and/or Action on matters brought up for discussion, if required. a. Discussion by Commission b. Commission Recommendation 8. Discussion on Planning Commission Schedule for 2018 To include Vote and/or Action on matters brought up for discussion, if required. a. Discussion by Commission b. Commission Recommendation 9. Discussion on the addition of the Traditional Neighborhood Development Zoning District To include Vote and/or Action on matters brought up for discussion, if required. a. Discussion by Commission b. Commission Recommendation 10. Discussion on amending the Vegetative Buffer [To include Vote and/or Action on matters brought up for discussion, if required. a. Discussion by Commission b. Commission Recommendation 11. Discussion on the Comprehensive Plan review To include Vote and/or Action on matters brought up for discussion, if required. a. Discussion by Commission b. Commission Recommendation 12. Old Business [to include Vote and/or Action on matters brought up for discussion, if required] 13. New Business [to include Vote and/or Action on matters brought up for discussion, if required] 14. Adjourn Anyone wishing to submit written comments to the Planning Commission can send their comments to the Planning Department by mail or by emailing them to the email address below. Please Note: If you would like to receive a copy of the agenda via email please contact our office, or email us at: [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Senator Gooch of the 51St a RESOLUTION Recognizing The
    16 LC 39 1175 Senate Resolution 956 By: Senator Gooch of the 51st A RESOLUTION 1 Recognizing the Sautee and Nacoochee Valley Historic Districts and dedicating three roads 2 in their honor; and for other purposes. 3 WHEREAS, the Nacoochee Valley was the point of intersection of two major trails used by 4 early Native Americans, where a settlement was formed called Little Chota; and 5 WHEREAS, the Unicoi Trail passed through the Valley across Unicoi Gap going to 6 Hiawassee, North Carolina, East Tennessee, and then Kentucky, and the Rabun Trail began 7 with Coosa to Tugaloo River, Sautee Creek, and Bean Creek and then entered the Valley, 8 exiting at Dukes Creek to Dahlonega then Northeast Alabama; and 9 WHEREAS, the Sautee Valley, adjacent to the Nacoochee Valley, has its center point at 10 Highway 255 and Lynch Mountain Road; and 11 WHEREAS, a toll road was constructed by early settlers on the Unicoi Trail through the 12 Cherokee Nation and was called the Unicoi Turnpike; and 13 WHEREAS, gold was first discovered in 1828 in the Valley, then a part of Habersham 14 County, and in 1857, White County was cut out of Habersham; gold mining companies were 15 given permission by the Georgia Legislature in 1858 to put in hydraulic mining techniques 16 in the Valley; and 17 WHEREAS, Governor Hardman acquired the Nichols-Hunnicutt Hardman Estate with a 18 home and the Cherokee Native American Burial Mound in the Nacoochee Valley in 1903, 19 which is still one of the most photographed sites in Georgia; and 20 WHEREAS, massive timber companies operated in the Valley in the early 20th century, and 21 in the 1920s, the Smithsonian Museum excavated the Nacoochee Mound in the Valley and 22 found Cherokee Native American artifacts; and S.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter Vol 12.No. 1
    Jocassee Journal Information and News about the Jocassee Gorges www.dnr.sc.gov Spring/Summer 2011 Volume 12, Number 1 Showing off the new monument honoring Dr. James A. Timmerman Jr. at the Jumping-Off Rock Overlook are (from left) Michael McShane, chairman of the S.C. Natural Resources Board; Tommy Miller, former board member; and DNR Director John Frampton. (DNR photo by Greg Lucas) Monument dedicated to Dr. Timmerman unveiled at Jocassee Gorges overlook DNR director was fond of saying, ‘God instrumental in South Carolina's purchase and protection visits the beaches, but He lives in the of more than 50 square miles of land surrounded by Lake Jocassee. By resolution of the South Carolina Senate, the mountains’ area was named "The Jim Timmerman Natural Resources A monument honoring Dr. James A. Area at Jocassee Gorges" on Dec. 7, 2000. Doc's Timmerman Jr., who helped protect thousands lifelong devotion to conservation is remembered with of acres of mountain lands, was dedicated Sept. swift mountain streams, rare plant habitats and the 13, 2010, at Jumping-Off Rock Overlook, the abundance of wildlife that combine to give Jocassee hallmark vista of the Jocassee Gorges. Gorges its unique character and scenic beauty. His "I honestly believe this view here is the most legacy for future generations is the preservation and spectacular in the state of South Carolina," said enhanced appreciation of our natural heritage. Doc John Frampton, director of the S.C. Department often remarked, "God visits the beaches, but He of Natural Resources (DNR), "and it absolutely lives in the mountains." would not have been possible without the vision Timmerman, who died in 2005, protected of Jim Timmerman." thousands of acres of land for conservation during A large contingent of family and friends Timmerman his tenure as director of the S.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Cherokee Archaeological Landscapes As Community Action
    CHEROKEE ARCHAEOLOGICAL LANDSCAPES AS COMMUNITY ACTION Paisagens arqueológicas Cherokee como ação comunitária Kathryn Sampeck* Johi D. Griffin Jr.** ABSTRACT An ongoing, partnered program of research and education by the authors and other members of the Tribal Historic Preservation Office of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians contributes to economic development, education, and the creation of identities and communities. Landscape archaeology reveals how Cherokees navigated the pivotal and tumultuous 16th through early 18th centuries, a past muted or silenced in current education programs and history books. From a Cherokee perspective, our starting points are the principles of gadugi, which translates as “town” or “community,” and tohi, which translates as “balance.” Gadugi and tohi together are cornerstones of Cherokee identity. These seemingly abstract principles are archaeologically detectible: gadugi is well addressed by understanding the spatial relationships of the internal organization of the community; the network of relationships among towns and regional resources; artifact and ecofact traces of activities; and large-scale “non-site” features, such as roads and agricultural fields. We focus our research on a poorly understood but pivotal time in history: colonial encounters of the 16th through early 18th centuries. Archaeology plays a critical role in social justice and ethics in cultural landscape management by providing equitable access by * Associate Professor, Illinois State University, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Campus Box 4660, Normal, IL 61701. E-mail: [email protected] ** Historic Sites Keeper, Tribal Historic Preservation Office, Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Qualla Boundary Reservation, P.O. Box 455, Cherokee, NC 28719, USA. História: Questões & Debates, Curitiba, volume 66, n.2, p.
    [Show full text]
  • A Spatial and Elemental Analyses of the Ceramic Assemblage at Mialoquo (40Mr3), an Overhill Cherokee Town in Monroe County, Tennessee
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 12-2019 COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE Christian Allen University of Tennessee, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Recommended Citation Allen, Christian, "COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2019. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/5572 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Christian Allen entitled "COALESCED CHEROKEE COMMUNITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A SPATIAL AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF THE CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGE AT MIALOQUO (40MR3), AN OVERHILL CHEROKEE TOWN IN MONROE COUNTY, TENNESSEE." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in Anthropology. Kandace Hollenbach, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Gerald Schroedl, Julie Reed Accepted for the Council: Dixie L.
    [Show full text]
  • Sequoyah Hills Area Map Legend
    NORTH BELLEMEADE AVE ACTIVE WORK ZONES Sequoyah Hills Area Pipe-bursting Phase 3 Wastewater Rehabilitation Project A Kenesaw Avenue between Cherokee Boulevard and Work Zones: June 1-4, 2021 Westerwood Avenue Easement between Hillvale Issue Date: June 3, 2021 KINGSTON PIKE Circle and Kenesaw Avenue Easement between Bluff Drive and Cheowa Circle BOXWOOD SQ Manhole Installations B Easement between Dellwood C Drive and Glenfield Drive KITUWAH TRL CCTV Easement between Talahi Southbound lane Drive and Iskagna Drive INSPECTIONS EAST HILLVALE TURN of Cherokee Paving & Restoration Closed-Circuit TV BoulevardWEST HILLVALE TURN CLOSED (CCTV) D C Boxwood Square Inspection crews 7 a.m. – 3 p.m., will work Thursday, June 4 Natural Gas System Work throughout LAKE VIEW DR the Phase 3 area Northbound D Cherokee Boulevard for the lane will be used between Kituwah Trail and to alternate Cheowa Circle (June 4 ONLY duration of weather permitting) this project traffic flow with flaggers present Temporary lane A closures as needed WOODHILLGreenway PL will remain openHILLVALE CIR MANHOLE A BLUFF DR REHABILITATION CHEOWA CIR Trenchless DELLWOOD DR manhole repairs/ OAKHURST DR KENESAW AVE TOWANDArehabilitation TRL B will take place in roadwaysSCENIC DR and GLENFIELD DR CHEROKEE BLVD off-road easements throughout the Phase 3 work zone Tennessee River for the duration of this project KENILWORTH DR Temporary lane/road closures as needed ALTA VISTA WAY WINDGATE ST ISKAGNA DR WOODLAND DR SEQUOYAH RESTORATION HILLS & PAVING Crews will EAST NOKOMIS CIR follow in recently B excavated areas WEST NOKOMIS CIR throughoutSAGWA DR TALAHI DR the Phase 3 work area SOUTHGATE RD for the duration of work KENESAW AVE TemporaryBLUFF VIEW RD lane closures as needed KEOWEE AVE TUGALOO DR W E S Map LegendAGAWELA AVE TALILUNA AVE Current Work Zones Sequoyah Greenway CHEROKEE BLVD.
    [Show full text]
  • The Relations of the Cherokee Indians with the English in America Prior to 1763
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 12-1923 The Relations of the Cherokee Indians with the English in America Prior to 1763 David P. Buchanan University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Political History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Buchanan, David P., "The Relations of the Cherokee Indians with the English in America Prior to 1763. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 1923. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/98 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by David P. Buchanan entitled "The Relations of the Cherokee Indians with the English in America Prior to 1763." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in . , Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: ARRAY(0x7f7024cfef58) Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) THE RELATIONS OF THE CHEROKEE Il.J'DIAUS WITH THE ENGLISH IN AMERICA PRIOR TO 1763.
    [Show full text]
  • The Savannah River System L STEVENS CR
    The upper reaches of the Bald Eagle river cut through Tallulah Gorge. LAKE TOXAWAY MIDDLE FORK The Seneca and Tugaloo Rivers come together near Hartwell, Georgia CASHIERS SAPPHIRE 0AKLAND TOXAWAY R. to form the Savannah River. From that point, the Savannah flows 300 GRIMSHAWES miles southeasterly to the Atlantic Ocean. The Watershed ROCK BOTTOM A ridge of high ground borders Fly fishermen catch trout on the every river system. This ridge Chattooga and Tallulah Rivers, COLLECTING encloses what is called a EASTATOE CR. SATOLAH tributaries of the Savannah in SYSTEM watershed. Beyond the ridge, LAKE Northeast Georgia. all water flows into another river RABUN BALD SUNSET JOCASSEE JOCASSEE system. Just as water in a bowl flows downward to a common MOUNTAIN CITY destination, all rivers, creeks, KEOWEE RIVER streams, ponds, lakes, wetlands SALEM and other types of water bodies TALLULAH R. CLAYTON PICKENS TAMASSEE in a watershed drain into the MOUNTAIN REST WOLF CR. river system. A watershed creates LAKE BURTON TIGER STEKOA CR. a natural community where CHATTOOGA RIVER ARIAIL every living thing has something WHETSTONE TRANSPORTING WILEY EASLEY SYSTEM in common – the source and SEED LAKEMONT SIX MILE LAKE GOLDEN CR. final disposition of their water. LAKE RABUN LONG CREEK LIBERTY CATEECHEE TALLULAH CHAUGA R. WALHALLA LAKE Tributary Network FALLS KEOWEE NORRIS One of the most surprising characteristics TUGALOO WEST UNION SIXMILE CR. DISPERSING LAKE of a river system is the intricate tributary SYSTEM COURTENAY NEWRY CENTRALEIGHTEENMILE CR. network that makes up the collecting YONAH TWELVEMILE CR. system. This detail does not show the TURNERVILLE LAKE RICHLAND UTICA A River System entire network, only a tiny portion of it.
    [Show full text]
  • NINETY SIX to ABOUT YOUR VISIT Ninety Six Was Designated a National Historic National Historic Site • S.C
    NINETY SIX To ABOUT YOUR VISIT Ninety Six was designated a national historic National Historic Site • S.C. site on August 16, 1976. While there Is much archaeological and historical study, planning and INDIANS AND COLONIAL TRAVELERS, A development yet to be done In this new area of CAMPSITE ON THE CHEROKEE PATH the National Park System, we welcome you to Ninety Six and Invite you to enjoy the activities which are now available. FRONTIER SETTLERS, A REGION OF RICH This powder horn is illustrated with the only known LAND, A TRADING CENTER AND A FORT map of Lieutenant Colonel Grant's 1761 campaign The mile-long Interpretive trail takes about FOR PROTECTION AGAINST INDIAN against the Cherokees. Although it is unsigned, the one hour to walk and Includes several strenuous ATTACK elaborate detail and accuracy of the engraving indicate that the powder horn was inscribed by a soldier, grades. The earthworks and archaeological probably an officer, who marched with the expedition. remains here are fragile. Please do not disturb or damage them. RESIDENTS OF THE NINETY SIX DISTRICT, A Grant, leading a force of 2,800 regular and provincial COURTHOUSE AND JAIL FOR THE ADMINI­ troops, marched from Charlestown northwestward along The site abounds In animal and plant life, STRATION OF JUSTICE the Cherokee Path to attack the Indian towns. An including poisonous snakes, poison oak and Ivy. advanced supply base was established at Ninety Six. We suggest that you stay on the trail. The Grant campaign destroyed 15 villages in June and July, 1761. This operation forced the Cherokees to sue The Ninety Six National Historic Site Is located PATRIOTS AND LOYALISTS IN THE REVOLU­ for peace, thus ending the French and Indian War on the on Highway S.C.
    [Show full text]
  • To Jocassee Gorges Trust Fund
    Jocassee Journal Information and News about the Jocassee Gorges Summer/Fall, 2000 Volume 1, Number 2 Developer donates $100,000 to Jocassee Gorges Trust Fund Upstate South Carolina developer Jim Anthony - whose things at Jocassee with the interest from development Cliffs at Keowee Vineyards is adjacent to the Jocassee the Trust Fund. Gorges - recently donated $100,000 to the Jocassee Gorges Trust “We are excited about Cliffs Fund. Communities becoming a partner with the “The job that the conservation community has done at Jocassee DNR on the Jocassee project,” Frampton Gorges has really inspired me,” said Anthony, president of Cliffs said. “Although there is a substantial Communities. “It’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to be here at amount of acreage protected in the the right time and to be able to help like this. We’re delighted to Jocassee Gorges, some development play a small part in maintaining the Jocassee Gorges tract.” around it is going to occur. The citizens John Frampton, assistant director for development and national in this state are fortunate to have a affairs with the S.C. Department of Natural Resources, said developer like Jim Anthony whose Anthony’s donation will “jump-start the Trust Fund. This will be a conservation ethic is reflected in his living gift, because we will eventually be able to do many good properties. In the Cliffs Communities’ developments, a lot of the green space and key wildlife portions are preserved and enhanced. Jim Anthony has long been known as a conservationist, and this generous donation further illustrates his commitment to conservation and protection of these unique mountain habitats.” Approved in 1997 by the S.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Jocassee Journal Information and News About the Jocassee Gorges
    Jocassee Journal Information and News about the Jocassee Gorges www.dnr.sc.gov Fall/Winter 2020 Volume 21, Number 2 Wildflower sites in Jocassee Gorges were made possible by special funding from Duke Energy’s Habitat Enhancement Program. (SCDNR photo by Greg Lucas) Duke Energy funds colorful Jocassee pollinator plants Insects and hummingbirds South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) Jocassee Gorges Project Manager Mark Hall flocked to wildflower sites approached the HEP committee in 2019 with a proposal Several places within the Jocassee Gorges received a to establish wildflower patches throughout Jocassee Gorges colorful “facelift” in 2020, thanks to special funding through to benefit “pollinator species.” Pollinator species include Duke Energy’s Habitat Enhancement Program (HEP). bats, hummingbirds, bees, butterflies and As part of the Keowee-Toxaway relicensing other invertebrates that visit wildflowers and agreement related to Lakes Jocassee and Keowee, subsequently distribute pollen among a wide Duke Energy collects fees associated with docks range of fruit-bearing and seed-bearing plants. and distributes the monies each year for projects The fruits and seeds produced are eventually consumed within the respective watersheds to promote wildlife habitat by a host of game and non-game animals. Pollinator species improvements. Continued on page 2 Mark Hall, Jocassee Gorges Project land manager, admires some of the pollinator species that were planted in Jocassee Gorges earlier this year. (SCDNR photo by Cindy Thompson) Jocassee wildflower sites buzzing with life Continued from page 1 play a key role in the complex, ecological chain that is the is a very important endeavor. Several additional miles of foundation for diverse vegetation within Jocassee Gorges.
    [Show full text]
  • Descendants of Smallpox Conjurer of Tellico
    Descendants of Smallpox Conjurer of Tellico Generation 1 1. SMALLPOX CONJURER OF1 TELLICO . He died date Unknown. He married (1) AGANUNITSI MOYTOY. She was born about 1681. She died about 1758 in Cherokee, North Carolina, USA. He married (2) APRIL TKIKAMI HOP TURKEY. She was born in 1690 in Chota, City of Refuge, Cherokee Nation, Tennessee, USA. She died in 1744 in Upper Hiwasssee, Tennessee, USA. Smallpox Conjurer of Tellico and Aganunitsi Moytoy had the following children: 2. i. OSTENACO "OUTACITE" "USTANAKWA" "USTENAKA" "BIG HEAD" "MANKILLER OF KEOWEE" "SKIAGUSTA" "MANKILLER" "UTSIDIHI" "JUDD'S FRIEND was born in 1703. He died in 1780. 3. ii. KITEGISTA SKALIOSKEN was born about 1708 in Cherokee Nation East, Chota, Tennessee, USA. He died on 30 Sep 1792 in Buchanan's Station, Tennessee, Cherokee Nation East. He married (1) ANAWAILKA. She was born in Cherokee Nation East, Tennessee, USA. He married (2) USTEENOKOBAGAN. She was born about 1720 in Cherokee Nation East, Chota, Tennessee, USA. She died date Unknown. Notes for April Tkikami Hop Turkey: When April "Tikami" Hop was 3 years old her parents were murdered by Catawaba Raiders, and her and her 4 siblings were left there to die, because no one, would take them in. Pigeon Moytoy her aunt's husband, heard about this and went to Hiawassee and brought the children home to raise in the Cherokee Nation ( he was the Emperor of the Cherokee Nation, and also related to Cornstalk through his mother and his wife ). Visit WWW. My Carpenter Genealogy Smallpox Conjurer of Tellico and April Tkikami Hop Turkey had the following child: 4.
    [Show full text]