minerals Article Comparative Analysis of Attachment to Chalcopyrite of Three Mesophilic Iron and/or Sulfur-Oxidizing Acidophiles Qian Li 1,2,3, Baojun Yang 2, Jianyu Zhu 2,4,*, Hao Jiang 2, Jiaokun Li 2, Ruiyong Zhang 5 and Wolfgang Sand 1,3 1 Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
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[email protected] (J.L.) 3 Biofilm Centre, Aquatische Biotechnologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany 4 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Complex Copper Lead Zinc Associated Metal Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hunan Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals, Changsha 410100, China 5 Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany;
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[email protected]; Tel.: + 86-731-8883-6944 Received: 24 July 2018; Accepted: 12 September 2018; Published: 14 September 2018 Abstract: Adhesion plays an important role in bacterial dissolution of metal sulfides, since the attached cells initiate the dissolution. In addition, biofilms, forming after bacterial attachment, enhance the dissolution. In this study, interactions between initial adhesion force, attachment behavior and copper recovery were comparatively analyzed for Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans during bioleaching of chalcopyrite. The adhesion forces between bacteria and minerals were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM).