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NASA Earth Science Senior Review Subcommittee Report - 2017

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NASA Earth Science Senior Review Subcommittee Report - 2017 NASA Earth Science Senior Review Subcommittee Report - 2017 Submitted to the NASA Earth Science Advisory Committee Douglas Vandemark (Chair), Mark Bourassa, Shu-Hua Chen, Heidi Dierssen, Paul Houser, Lyatt Jaegle, Carol Johnson, Guosheng Liu, George Mount, David Mitchell, Jun Wang, Diane Wickland, Curtis Woodcock June 22, 2017 Contents INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 2 REVIEW PROCESS ........................................................................................................... 2 GENERAL FINDINGS ...................................................................................................... 3 SUMMARY OF MISSION SPECIFIC FINDINGS .......................................................... 6 Aqua ................................................................................................................................ 6 Aura ................................................................................................................................. 7 CALIPSO ........................................................................................................................ 8 CATS .............................................................................................................................. 9 CloudSat ........................................................................................................................ 10 DSCOVR ...................................................................................................................... 11 GPM .............................................................................................................................. 12 OCO-2 ........................................................................................................................... 12 QuikSCAT .................................................................................................................... 13 SMAP ............................................................................................................................ 14 SORCE .......................................................................................................................... 14 TCTE ............................................................................................................................. 15 Terra .............................................................................................................................. 16 APPENDIX 1. TECHNICAL SUBPANEL REPORT ..................................................... 18 APPENDIX 2. NATIONAL INTERESTS SUBPANEL REPORT ................................. 28 APPENDIX 3. COST PANEL REPORT ......................................................................... 42 APPENDIX 4. DETAILED SCIENCE SUBCOMMITTEE MISSION REVIEWS ........ 66 APPENDIX 5. SUBCOMMITTEE FEEDBACK ON ALGORITHM PROPOSALS ... 119 1 INTRODUCTION The 2017 Senior Review evaluated thirteen NASA Earth Science Division (ESD) satellite missions and their plans for continuing operations beyond FY17. Long-running ESD missions seeking extension were Aqua, Aura, Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO), CloudSat, Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT), Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE), and Terra. Three new ESD missions proposing their first mission extensions were Global Precipitation Mission (GPM), Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), and Soil Moisture Active-Passive (SMAP). Additional missions reviewed were Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS), Total Solar Irradiance Calibration Transfer Experiment (TCTE), and Deep Space Climate ObserVatoRy (DSCOVR). Missions still in their primary phase operations period were excluded from this Senior Review, in addition to missions scheduled for termination and missions with partners who are responsible for mission operations and have committed separately to mission extension. The Senior Review was tasked with reviewing proposals submitted by each mission team for extended operations and funding for FY18-20, as well as for FY21-23. The evaluations considered the scientific value, technical performance, proposed costs, and broader national interests associated with extending each mission. Science Subcommittee focus was foremost on the science value supported by each mission in terms of scientific merit, data product quality, and relevance to NASA Earth science goals and strategic plans. Subpanels were convened to provide in-depth evaluations of technical and cost issues as well to assess non-research use of these data by other federal agencies via a national interest subpanel. The Senior Review’s overall funding recommendations for each mission extension are categorized as: Baseline, Augment, Reduce or Close-out. Specific suggestions and justifications are provided for non-baseline cases. REVIEW PROCESS This review process began in Dec. 2016 when the Earth Science Division released a call letter inviting NASA missions to submit proposals for continuation or for their first mission extension (see Figure 1). The Senior Review Science Subcommittee first convened in a planning telecon on March 2, 2017 via teleconference to discuss procedures and review assignments. A lead reviewer and at least two secondary reviewers were assigned to review each proposal. Over the next one and half months, four teleconferences were held to exchange information, assess progress, and address any issues. In parallel with this process, subpanels on mission National Interest, Technical, and Cost risks were convened to review proposal content in these areas. These subpanels were also able to address questions to the missions before their respective plenary meetings, in collaboration with the science Subcommittee and Chair. These activities preceded an all-day plenary meeting teleconference on April 18 of the full Senior Review Subcommittee, in which all aspects of each mission were discussed, and follow-up questions and requests for clarifications were identified for each mission. These questions were sent to each mission team on April 21, along with expectations for their presentation before the Senior Review Subcommittee Meeting to be held on May 9-11 in Washington DC. During that meeting, each mission was allotted a time slot of 60-70 minutes (depending on mission scope and material to be 2 covered) to address Subcommittee questions and any outstanding concerns. Following these presentations and discussions, the Subcommittee developed and documented a collective evaluation of each mission. Figure 1 Working flow chart of the 2017 ESD Senior Review GENERAL FINDINGS The Subcommittee was unanimously impressed with the technical and scientific achievements produced by each mission, and by the unique and important contributions these platforms provide in furthering NASA and U.S. Earth science objectives. Collectively, these missions constitute an unprecedented Earth observation capability that continues to transform our scientific understanding of the Earth system, and their data also support a broad range of additional applications that greatly benefit other U.S. interests. The Subcommittee was also impressed that many of these missions continue to operate well beyond their designed lifetime, a fact that is a testament to high quality engineering, and exceptional on-going management and mission execution teams. The number of science and broader operational applications continues to expand, in part due to the reliability and longevity of these missions. They commended the hard work of the science and data product teams on each mission for their efforts to create, maintain and extend this large and increasingly valuable suite of earth observation measurement data records. The Subcommittee also wished to applaud the concept and implementation of pre-launch outreach to recruit and acquaint potential data users with upcoming missions. This “early adopter” approach, one example being the SMAP mission, is one that is encouraged for future mission developments. Finally, we were also pleased to see the forward-looking 3 work by the A-Train mission teams to adjust to the upcoming orbit-adjustment needs of each platform and to fully consider the interplay amongst mission and science needs. Our overall mission evaluations found that all thirteen missions merited summary science scores of very good to excellent. Breakdown of these scores is provided in Table 1. The largest score variation occurs in data product quality. Long-running missions with very mature data reduction algorithms have generally achieved high levels of data quality, whereas new missions are working hard to improve the accuracy, maturity and delivery of the mission datasets to achieve full science potential and meet their science goals. The highest quality data products are those fully refined and validated with a level of maturity that requires algorithm maintenance only. Regarding scientific merit, missions in orbit for substantial time have devoted significant effort to publishing a coherent and valuable validation and interpretation of their data, whereas new missions are just beginning that effort and so have generally lower scientific merit scores. Table 1 Mission-specific findings * All science scores are on a 1-5 scale with 1 being the lowest ranking of “poor” and 5 being the highest ranking of “excellent”. Additional commentary or conditions on the Subcommittee’s scores and/or conclusions are noted in the mission-specific findings summary
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