DOCSLIB.ORG

SAP® SOLUTIONS and ACCOUNTING STRATEGIES © Copyright 2007 SAP AG

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SAP® SOLUTIONS and ACCOUNTING STRATEGIES © Copyright 2007 SAP AG SAP Solution in Detail SAP for Banking ACCOUNTING IN BANKS: SAP® SOLUTIONS AND ACCOUNTING STRATEGIES © Copyright 2007 SAP AG. All rights reserved. HTML, XML, XHTML and W3C are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C®, World Wide Web Consortium, No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in Massachusetts Institute of Technology. any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. without prior notice. JavaScript is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors used under license for technology invented and implemented contain proprietary software components of other software by Netscape. vendors. MaxDB is a trademark of MySQL AB, Sweden. Microsoft, Windows, Excel, Outlook, and PowerPoint are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. SAP, R/3, mySAP, mySAP.com, xApps, xApp, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, and other SAP products and services IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks MVS/ESA, AIX, S/390, AS/400, OS/390, OS/400, iSeries, pSeries, or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several xSeries, zSeries, System i, System i5, System p, System p5, System x, other countries all over the world. All other product and System z, System z9, z/OS, AFP, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective Netfinity, Tivoli, Informix, i5/OS, POWER, POWER5, POWER5+, companies. Data contained in this document serves informational OpenPower and PowerPC are trademarks or registered purposes only. National product specifications may vary. trademarks of IBM Corporation. These materials are subject to change without notice. These Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat, PostScript, and Reader are materials are provided by SAP AG and its affiliated companies either trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems (“SAP Group”) for informational purposes only, without Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation. The only warranties for SAP Group products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements UNIX, X/Open, OSF/1, and Motif are registered trademarks accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein of the Open Group. should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. Citrix, ICA, Program Neighborhood, MetaFrame, WinFrame, VideoFrame, and MultiWin are trademarks or registered trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. 2 CONTENTS Summary . 5 Accounting Functions Covered . 5 Financial Accounting . 5 Management Accounting . 6 SAP Software for Financial and Management Accounting . 7 SAP Bank Analyzer . 7 SAP ERP . 7 SAP NetWeaver . 8 Accounting Strategies from SAP . 9 Overview of Accounting Strategies . 9 Group Accounting Strategy . 12 – Business Scope . 12 – Functional Architecture . 13 Centralized Accounting Strategy . 13 – Business Scope . 13 – Functional Architecture . 14 Decentralized Accounting Strategy . 16 – Business Scope . 16 – Functional Architecture . 16 Business Line Accounting Strategy . 18 – Business Scope . 18 – Functional Architecture . 18 Best Practices and Recommendations for Setup . 19 Organizational Setup . 19 – Multi-GAAP Accounting . 19 – Foreign Branches . 20 – Management Accounting and GAAP . 20 Subledger Setup . 20 – Financial Products . 20 – Aggregation of Current and Saving Accounts . 20 – FX Position Management . 21 – ERP Operations . 21 3 General Ledger Setup . 21 Operations Setup . 22 – Shared-Services Organizations . 22 – Sharing Activities . 22 – Basic Rationale for Shared Services . 23 Benefits of the Proposed SAP Software–Based Architecture . 23 Business Benefits . 23 IT Benefits . 24 4 ACCOUNTING FUNCTIONS SUMMARY COVERED SAP offers a comprehensive solution portfolio covering financial Financial Accounting and management accounting operations for the banking indus- The main task of financial accounting is to record all business try. To ensure that the solution fully covers a bank’s needs, a transactions and summarize the results in periodic reports. bank-specific solution map is carefully planned that reflects the For the banking industry the main focus is on accounting for bank’s business model, its organizational setup, and how it has financial products. There are three types of financial products allocated its accounting tasks. The experience SAP has acquired in particular: service contracts, contracts, and instruments. in the banking industry counts as well. Careful observation • Service contracts do not usually generate on-balance financial found that four accounting strategies are typically used by banks, asset or financial liability positions other than receivables each characterized by a distinct functional scope. This article between invoicing and settlement. When service contracts discusses those strategies, their functional architectures, and how generate off-balance positions, they must be reflected in accounting tasks can be integrated to support financial reporting accounting. Examples of service contracts are customer on the legal entity and group levels. Another focus of this paper securities accounts, credit cards, and payment transactions. is to show how SAP® solutions can be placed within those strate- • Contracts are based on bank-specific conditions drawn up gies to give banks maximum benefit for their accounting and per contract between the bank and the business partner. reporting activities. They generate financial asset and liability positions. Loans, deposits, over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives, and letters of From a business viewpoint, the architecture proposed in this credit are examples of contracts. paper recommends standardization of accounting methods and • Instruments – short or long positions in public, tradable finan- accounting processes within a bank or banking group to support cial products owned by the bank – are based on formal legal better compliance with internal and external accounting rules. documents and governed by conditions that are standardized Best practices are outlined to enable daily trial closings to mini- per instrument type. They generate financial asset and liability mize surprises at the end of the month, and to ensure that all positions. Examples of instruments are listed securities and information supplied to, generated by, and reported by the solu- exchange-traded derivatives such as futures. tion can be audited. Particular to financial products is the fact that accounting is an From an IT point of view, the proposed architecture facilitates integral part of regular operations as some of these operational consolidation of IT operations, maintenance, and support, activities and their related functions directly impact accounting; thereby reducing IT costs and operational risks. this is referred to as operational accounting. Operational accounting comprises functions such as nominal position man- agement, billing, invoicing, collection management, write-down, write-off, settlement, and matching.1 In financial accounting operational accounting refers to the same activities which may be referred to as customer accounting or trade accounting from another point of view. Usually, all financial product-related,.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fitch Ratings ING Groep N.V. Ratings Report 2020-10-15
    Banks Universal Commercial Banks Netherlands ING Groep N.V. Ratings Foreign Currency Long-Term IDR A+ Short-Term IDR F1 Derivative Counterparty Rating A+(dcr) Viability Rating a+ Key Rating Drivers Support Rating 5 Support Rating Floor NF Robust Company Profile, Solid Capitalisation: ING Groep N.V.’s ratings are supported by its leading franchise in retail and commercial banking in the Benelux region and adequate Sovereign Risk diversification in selected countries. The bank's resilient and diversified business model Long-Term Local- and Foreign- AAA emphasises lending operations with moderate exposure to volatile businesses, and it has a Currency IDRs sound record of earnings generation. The ratings also reflect the group's sound capital ratios Country Ceiling AAA and balanced funding profile. Outlooks Pandemic Stress: ING has enough rating headroom to absorb the deterioration in financial Long-Term Foreign-Currency Negative performance due to the economic fallout from the coronavirus crisis. The Negative Outlook IDR reflects the downside risks to Fitch’s baseline scenario, as pressure on the ratings would Sovereign Long-Term Local- and Negative increase substantially if the downturn is deeper or more prolonged than we currently expect. Foreign-Currency IDRs Asset Quality: The Stage 3 loan ratio remained sound at 2% at end-June 2020 despite the economic disruption generated by the lockdowns in the countries where ING operates. Fitch Applicable Criteria expects higher inflows of impaired loans from 4Q20 as the various support measures mature, driven by SMEs and mid-corporate borrowers and more vulnerable sectors such as oil and gas, Bank Rating Criteria (February 2020) shipping and transportation.
    [Show full text]
  • ING Pressrelease
    Press release Corporate Communications Amsterdam, 25 February 2021 ING appoints Anne-Sophie Castelnau global head of Sustainability Anne-Sophie Castelnau has been appointed ING’s global head of Sustainability per 1 April 2021. She will succeed Amin Mansour, who fulfilled the role on an interim basis. Anne-Sophie is currently head of Wholesale Banking for ING in France. Anne-Sophie Castelnau (French) joined ING in France in 2005. Before she became head of Wholesale Banking in France, she held various senior management positions, including head of Corporate Lending and head of Client Coverage. Before she joined ING, Anne-Sophie worked for French banks Natixis and Crédit Industriel et Commercial. Since she became head of ING Wholesale Banking in France in 2017, Anne-Sophie has had a strong focus on sustainable finance. She has been involved in bringing over 25 sustainability deals to fruition, including the first sustainability linked loan in France in 2017. Announcements on Anne-Sophie’s successor as head of Wholesale Banking in France will be made as and when appropriate. Note for editors For further information on ING, please visit www.ing.com. Frequent news updates can be found in the Newsroom or via the @ING_news Twitter feed. Photos of ING operations, buildings and its executives are available for download at Flickr. ING presentations are available at SlideShare. Press enquiries Investor enquiries Daan Wentholt ING Group Investor Relations +31 20 576 6386 +31 20 576 6396 [email protected] [email protected] ING PROFILE ING is a global financial institution with a strong European base, offering banking services through its operating company ING Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • Sapindus Saponaria Florida Soapberry1 Edward F
    Fact Sheet ST-582 October 1994 Sapindus saponaria Florida Soapberry1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION Florida Soapberry grows at a moderate rate to 30 to 40 feet tall (Fig. 1). The pinnately compound, evergreen leaves are 12 inches long with each leaflet four inches long. Ten-inch-long panicles of small, white flowers appear during fall, winter, and spring but these are fairly inconspicuous. The fleshy fruits which follow are less than an inch-long, shiny, and orange/brown. The seeds inside are poisonous, a fact which should be considered in the tree’s placement in the landscape, especially if children will be present. The bark is rough and gray. The common name of Soapberry comes from to the soap-like material which is made from the berries in tropical countries. Figure 1. Mature Florida Soapberry. GENERAL INFORMATION DESCRIPTION Scientific name: Sapindus saponaria Height: 30 to 40 feet Pronunciation: SAP-in-dus sap-oh-NAIR-ee-uh Spread: 25 to 35 feet Common name(s): Florida Soapberry, Wingleaf Crown uniformity: symmetrical canopy with a Soapberry regular (or smooth) outline, and individuals have more Family: Sapindaceae or less identical crown forms USDA hardiness zones: 10 through 11 (Fig. 2) Crown shape: round Origin: native to North America Crown density: dense Uses: wide tree lawns (>6 feet wide); medium-sized Growth rate: medium tree lawns (4-6 feet wide); recommended for buffer Texture: medium strips around parking lots or for median strip plantings in the highway; reclamation plant; shade tree; Foliage residential street tree; no proven urban tolerance Availability: somewhat available, may have to go out Leaf arrangement: alternate (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Bayerische Staatsforsten Leaner Processes and Better Customer Relations with Sap® Software
    BAYERISCHE STAATSFORSTEN LEANER PROCESSES AND BETTER CUSTOMER RELATIONS WITH SAP® SOFTWARE QUICK FACTS “Thanks to SAP NetWeaver and SOA, Company Implementation Highlights • Name: Bayerische Staatsforsten (Bavarian • Connected highly specialized in-house our project team was able to connect state forestry company) developments to the SAP software the geographic information system to • Location: Regensburg, Germany landscape • Industry: Mill products • Transitioned from an administrative organi- the SAP solution in just two days.” • Products and services: Production and zation to a business enterprise in a very sale of raw timber, hunt management short amount of time Matthias Frost, Head of Information and Commu- • Revenue: €340 million • Rapidly developed interfaces for connect- nications Technology, Bayerische Staatsforsten • Employees: 2,900 ing the geographic information system • Web site: www.baysf.de (GIS) to the SAP application • Implementation partners: SAP® Consulting, ESRI Why SAP • Enhanced functionality to correctly map Challenges and Opportunities financial processes • Map forestry-specific business processes • Improved integration of in-house with SAP solutions developments • Integrate a large number of small locations • Future-proof investments thanks to regular and many mobile users with a broad appli- technology updates cation spectrum Benefi ts Objectives • Lean logistics business processes • Transition from an administrative organiza- • Legal certainty for internal and external tion to a business enterprise on the IT side
    [Show full text]
  • Applying Landscape Ecology to Improve Strawberry Sap Beetle
    Applying Landscape The lack of effective con- trol measures for straw- Ecology to Improve berry sap beetle is a problem at many farms. Strawberry Sap Beetle The beetles appear in strawberry fi elds as the Management berries ripen. The adult beetle feeds on the un- Rebecca Loughner and Gregory Loeb derside of berries creat- Department of Entomology ing holes, and the larvae Cornell University, NYSAES, Geneva, NY contaminate harvestable he strawberry sap beetle (SSB), fi eld sanitation, and renovating promptly fruit leading to consumer Stelidota geminata, is a significant after harvest. Keeping fi elds suffi ciently complaints and the need T insect pest in strawberry in much of clean of ripe and overripe fruit is nearly the Northeast. The small, brown adults impossible, especially for U-pick op- to prematurely close (Figure 1) are approximately 1/16 inch in erations, and the effectiveness of the two length and appear in strawberry fi elds as labeled pyrethroids in the fi eld is highly fi elds at great cost to the the berries ripen. The adult beetle feeds variable. Both Brigade [bifenthrin] and grower. Our research has on the underside of berries creating holes. Danitol [fenpropathrin] have not provided Beetles prefer to feed on over-ripe fruit but suffi cient control in New York and since shown that the beetles do will also damage marketable berries. Of they are broad spectrum insecticides they not overwinter in straw- more signifi cant concern, larvae contami- can potentially disrupt predatory mite nate harvestable fruit leading to consumer populations that provide spider mite con- berry fi elds.
    [Show full text]
  • Practice of Ayurveda
    PRACTICE OF AYURVEDA SWAMI SIVANANDA Published by THE DIVINE LIFE SOCIETY P.O. SHIVANANDANAGAR— 249 192 Distt. Tehri-Garhwal, Uttaranchal, Himalayas, India 2006 First Edition: 1958 Second Edition: 2001 Third Edition: 2006 [ 2,000 Copies ] ©The Divine Life Trust Society ISBN-81-7052-159-9 ES 304 Published by Swami Vimalananda for The Divine Life Society, Shivanandanagar, and printed by him at the Yoga-Vedanta Forest Academy Press, P.O. Shivanandanagar, Distt. Tehri-Garhwal, Uttaranchal, Himalayas, India PUBLISHERS’ NOTE Sri Swami Sivanandaji. Maharaj was a healer of the body in his Purvashram (before he entered the Holy Order of Sannyasa). He was a born healer, with an extraordinary inborn love to serve humanity; that is why he chose the medical profession as a career. That is why he edited and published a health Journal “Ambrosia”. That is why he went over to Malaya to serve the poor in the plantations there. And, strangely enough, that is why, he renounced the world and embraced the Holy Order of Sannyasa. He was a healer of the body and the soul. This truth is reflected in the Ashram which he has established in Rishikesh. The huge hospital equipped with modern instruments was set up and the entire Ashram where all are welcome to get themselves healed of their heart’s sores and thoroughly refresh themselves in the divine atmosphere of the holy place. Sri Swamiji wanted that all systems of healing should flourish. He had equal love and admiration for all systems of healing. He wanted that the best of all the systems should be brought out and utilised in the service of Man.
    [Show full text]
  • Forest and Land Use
    Simplified Approval Process SIMPLIFIED APPROVAL PROCESS (SAP) TECHNICAL GUIDELINES Forest and Land Use INTRODUCTION DEFINITION The publication provides technical guidance for the preparation of SAP proposals. The thematic area of forest and land use encompasses forests and other multiple land-cover types where forests are a prominent component of the landscape (see Figure 1). This can range from natural forests, where ecosystems are not directly impacted by human activities (e.g. primary forests) to more intensively transformed landscapes – such as secondary growth forests, degraded forest landscapes, agroforestry systems and trees outside forests, sustainably managed forests and forestry plantations. LINKS TO CLIMATE CHANGE Forests play an important role in both adaptation and mitigation as they provide local ecosystem services relevant for adaptation as well as the global ecosystem service of carbon sequestration, relevant for mitigation.1 Forest conservation and restoration of degraded ecosystems are a large part of the solution to climate change and the Paris Agreement2 explicitly recognizes the role of forests in the mitigation of climate change. 1. Locatelli B., Evans V., Wardell A., Tropical deforestation is a major contributor to current global climate emissions, accounting for Andrade A. & Vignola R. (2011). Forests one quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions.3 Deforestation and forest degradation drivers and climate change in latin America: linking adaptation and mitigation. are varied and context specific. However, the conversion of forests to use for commercial Forests, 2(1), 431–450. https://doi. agriculture and the general expansion of agriculture accounts for a significant share of tropical org/10.3390/f2010431. deforestation. 2. See: https://unfccc.int/resource/ docs/2015/cop21/eng/l09r01.pdf 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Nontimber Forest Products in the United States: an Analysis for the 2015 National Sustainable Forest Report
    United States Department of Agriculture Nontimber Forest Products in the United States: An analysis for the 2015 National Sustainable Forest Report James Chamberlain, Aaron Teets, and Steve Kruger Forest Service Southern Research Station e-General Technical Report SRS-229, February 2018 Authors: James Chamberlain is a research forest products technologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory & Analysis, 1710 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24060, phone (540) 231-3611; Aaron Teets, formerly a research assistant with Conservation Management Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, is currently with the University of Maine, School of Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469; and Steve Kruger is a Ph.D. candidate at Virginia Tech, Forest Resources & Environmental Conservation Department, College of Natural Resources & Environment, Blacksburg, VA 24060. February 2018 Southern Research Station 200 W.T. Weaver Blvd. Asheville, NC 28804 www.srs.fs.usda.gov Nontimber Forest Products in the United States: An analysis for the 2015 National Sustainable Forest Report James Chamberlain, Aaron Teets, and Steve Kruger CONTENTS ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 1 Nontimber Forest Products ....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • ING Credit Update 4Q2020
    ING Credit Update 4Q2020 ING Investor Relations 12 February 2021 Key points . 2020 was a year marked by the Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented challenges it presented to our customers, employees and society. We continue to take actions to provide support and with vaccination programmes being rolled out globally, we look forward to return to more normal circumstances in the near future . We continue our efforts to build a sustainable company, also reflected in our strong ESG profile . The current environment underscores the strength of our digital business model. We continued to grow primary customers, as they choose us as their go-to bank, while mobile interactions further increased . Pre-provision result was resilient, though the impact from Covid-19 is visible, most notably on lending and savings. After years of growth, 2020 net core lending was down by €2.5 bln, while net deposit inflow was high at €41.4 bln . Fee growth was good, as our actions on investment products and daily banking more than compensated for the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on fees for payments and lending . 2020 risk costs were €2.7 bln with ~30% in Stage 1 and 2, mainly due to Covid-19, reflecting IFRS 9 related provisions and management overlays. For 2021 we expect to move close to our through-the–cycle average of ~25 bps . The Stage 3 ratio remained low at 1.7% and we are confident on the quality of our loan book, supported by a proven risk management framework with a strong track record, also compared to peers .
    [Show full text]
  • Anheuser-Busch Inbev
    Sustainability Guide 2013 Company and Sector Analysis of the STOXX® Europe 50 Index Featuring the new Inrate Sustainability Assessment Impact is at the heart of the Inrate Sustainability Analysis Foreword The publication of the 2013 Inrate Sustainability Guide of companies and sectors in the STOXX® EUROPE 50 index is an important step in the validation of our work. It is the outcome of a three year Research and Development project which has brought to fruition developments in our methodology we have long believed in. Sustainability analysis is often criticized, for focusing too much on the facade erected by companies rather than on the Philippe Spicher, true impact of the building which lies behind it. This approach CEO Inrate was perhaps justified in the beginning, when sustainability initiatives reflected a genuine awareness and commitment on the part of companies. But as soon as environmental and so- first analyze and understand a company’s business activi- cial communication became fashionable it was often the case ties as well as the environmental and social issues at stake. the more the building was cracked, the more the facade was For example, child labor is a fundamental issue for clothing decorated. brands and chocolate manufacturers but it is marginal for many other companies. Global warming affects the entire The phenomenon of green washing is one reason why highly economy but not always to the same extent. To complicate controversial companies are sometimes found at the top of matters further, few companies are confined to a single busi- current sustainability rankings. Another reason is the im- ness activity and many companies have diversified their busi- proper application of best-in-class methodology which sim- ness over several industries.
    [Show full text]
  • ING to Sell Stake in ING-BOB Life to BNP Paribas Cardif
    CORPORATE COMMUNICATIONS PRESS RELEASE Amsterdam, 8 July 2013 ING to sell stake in ING-BOB Life to BNP Paribas Cardif ING announced today that it has agreed to sell its 50% stake in its Chinese insurance joint venture ING-BOB Life Insurance Company to BNP Paribas Cardif, the insurance arm of BNP Paribas. The transaction, which is subject to regulatory approval, is not expected to have a material impact on ING Group results. The transaction is part of ING’s earlier announced process to divest ING’s insurance and investment management businesses. The process to divest the remaining insurance and investment management businesses in Asia is on-going and any further announcements will be made if and when appropriate. Today’s announcement does not affect ING Bank’s 13.7% stake in Bank of Beijing, nor does it affect ING’s Commercial Banking activities in China. ING’s Chinese life insurance joint venture was established in 2002 and today operates eight branches in seven provinces and municipalities in China. It offers savings and protection products to families in China through an agency network and through bank branches. Press enquiries Investor enquiries Victorina de Boer ING Group Investor Relations +31 20 57 66373 +31 20 57 66396 [email protected] [email protected] ING PROFILE ING is a global financial institution of Dutch origin, offering banking, investments, life insurance and retirement services to meet the needs of a broad customer base. Going forward, we will concentrate on our position as an international retail, direct
    [Show full text]
  • Lenape Names of Trees Fruit Trees
    LENAPE NAMES OF TREES These are names and photographs of some of the common fruit and nut trees known to the Lenape or Delaware Indians. In the first column there are links in blue that can be clicked to take you to the Lenape Talking Dictionary (www.talk-lenape.org) where you can hear the Lenape name of the tree. In the third column enclosed in “ ” is the literal translation of the Lenape name. Some uses for the trees are given in italics. FRUIT TREES mahchikpiakw Pawpaw tree http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=4181 mahchikpi Pawpaw http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=4177 sipuwasimënshi Plum tree http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=9630 sipuwas http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=9628 ximënshi Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=11569 “Persimmon Tree.” The sap of the tree can be used to stop earache. ximin http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=11567 mwimënshi Wild Black Cherry http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=5326 (Prunus serotina) The bark is used to make mwimin a cough medicine. Also http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=5327 for colds and pneumonia. pilkëshakw Peach tree http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=8727 (Prunus Persica) Peach leaves together pilkësh with mulberry leaves, to http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=8725 induce vomiting. òkhatimënshi (Morus Rubra). http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=7914 mulberry òkhatim http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=7912 hàkhàkopëlìshakw pear tree http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=1237 “bottle apple” hàkhàkopëlìsh pear http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=1235 apëlìshakw apple tree http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=551 apëlìsh apple http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=549 chèlisakw cherry tree http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=704 chèlis cherry http://www.talk-lenape.org/detail?id=703 wisaòpëlësh orange http://www.talk-lenape.org/detail?id=12368 “yellow apple” -or- òlënch http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=7930 sakwënakanimunshi black haw tree http://talk-lenape.org/detail?id=9115 (Viburnum rufidulum), Small bands of bark are boiled and strained and the tea taken to cure stomach cramps.
    [Show full text]