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Regional Migrant Response Plan for the Horn of Africa and Yemen Quarterly Updates: Q4 | October - December 2020

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Regional Migrant Response Plan for the Horn of Africa and Yemen Quarterly Updates: Q4 | October - December 2020 Regional Migrant Response Plan for the Horn of Africa and Yemen Quarterly Updates: Q4 | October - December 2020 Ethiopian migrants crossing Djibouti | Photo credit: Alexander Bee/IOM 2020 28,047 2,633 52,046 161,928 Migrants entered Djibouti and Migrants returned to Ethiopia, Migrants reached through the Migrants reached through the Somalia between October Somalia and Yemen from the support provided by MRP support provided by MRP and December 2020 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia partners between October partners in 2020 between October and and December 2020 December 2020 Situation overview The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted migrant reach locations. Migrants continue to rely heavily on humanitarian movements within the region, resulting in a decrease in bi- assistance. In 2020, an exponential demand for safe and voluntary directional movements along the Eastern route. Despite the return was noted in Yemen due to a lack of other durable reduction in movements along the Eastern route, migrants solutions for migrants. continue to be amongst the most marginalized and vulnerable population groups along the migratory route as they face In Djibouti, during the reporting period, October to December significant risks of communicable diseases owing to consistent 2020 (Q4), an increasing number of migrants were tracked barriers in accessing public health services, and water and moving bi-directionally between Yemen and Djibouti compared sanitation services. Migrant workers and other populations to the previous quarter, risking their lives crossing the perilous Bal in various situations of vulnerability face restricted access to El Mandeb strait exposed to a myriad of protection risks including humanitarian assistance, decreased incomes and inability to abuse, violence and exploitation by smugglers and traffickers. This engage in cross border trade or search for jobs and opportunities return journey is arguably even more perilous for the migrants as a result of COVID-19 restrictions. In Yemen, stigmatization who are already weak and disoriented following harsh living and xenophobia against migrants is further contributing to the conditions and detention in deplorable conditions in Yemen. The risks faced. Protection risks, needs and vulnerabilities of migrants return journey is also characterized by abuse by smugglers who also worsened throughout 2020. By the end of the year over in some instances force migrants to disembark before reaching 15,000 migrants were forcibly transferred within Yemen as part the shore, while others report having been forced to cross the of localized forced returns campaigns, and an estimated 14,5001 desert on foot with little or no resources left for their return migrants were stranded and trapped in urban areas and hard to journey. 1 Estimated migrant caseload based on partners’ reports and remote monitoring activities. In Ethiopia, the Government of Ethiopia’s designated quarantine remains largely inaccessible to humanitarian actors and civilians. facilities (mostly schools and universities) since March 2020, The impact of the conflict on mobility patterns, particularly on resumed their original functions during the last quarter of return movements, needs to be closely monitored as a significant 2020. In collaboration with the development partners and the proportion of migrants on the Eastern route reportedly originate Government of Ethiopia, MRP partners shifted their support to from Tigray Regional State and may find themselves unable to Points of Entry (PoE) and are constructed temporary shelters safely return to their communities of origin. for returnees at the PoEs to conduct COVID-19 screening requirements. In Somalia, an increase in the numbers of migrants returning from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was witnessed in Q4 due to The last quarter also saw the outbreak of a conflict in Tigray the ease of restrictions by the Federal Government of Somalia Regional State with military operations led by the Ethiopian in July 2020, and the resumption of air travel. The Bari region Federal Defense Forces against the Tigray Regional Security was hit by the Cyclone Gati2 in November 2020 which affected Forces (TRSF). The result was a tense and volatile humanitarian about 180,000 people including migrants, refugees and Internally situation, with thousands of people reportedly displaced Displaced People (IDPs). Lifesaving support was provided to internally within the Tigray Regional State and beyond into the the stranded migrants in need through the Migration Response neighbouring regional states of Amhara and Afar. Displacement Centre (MRC) in Hargeisa. across borders mainly to Sudan was also noted. Tigray region Population Movements Overview | October - December 2020 THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA ¯ OMAN Red Sea No movements from KSA to Yemen observed during Q4 YEMEN SUDAN ASMARA SANAA ERITREA " " 2,438 195 1,628 Gulf of Aden DJIBOUTI 2,785 8Obock 8 " Semera DJIBOUTI 8 Bosasso 8,488 Hargeisa 8 8 8 ADDIS ABABA " Dire Dawa Tog SOMALIA ETHIOPIA Wochale Indian Ocean 19,559 SOUTH SUDAN ILEMI TRIANGLE RMRP Countries 8 Migration Response Center MOGADISHU 8 Migration routes* " UGANDA Return movements** KENYA * Numbers are based on the observations at the DTM Flow Monitoring Points. **Assisted with post-arrival assistance, including onward transport assistance to their communities of origin. The arrows are for illustration purposes only, and are not indicative of actual movements "NAIROBI DISCLAIMER: This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. 2 OCHA Somalia - Tropical Cyclone Gati Update #5, As of 30 November 2020 MRP Quarterly Updates: Q4 | October - December 2020 2 A migrant child vaccinated by the Save the Children International staff in Somalia.| Photo credit: Save the Children International, 2020 Achievements from October to December 2020 Objective 1: To ensure humanitarian and protection assistance to vulnerable migrants in Yemen and the Horn of Africa. 52,046 956 12,120 Migrants (14,837 females and UASC (515 females and 441 People (3,155 females and 37,209 males) provided with male) assisted with Family 8,965 males) assisted with direct assistance Tracing and Reunification Psychosocial support (FTR) in Ethiopia To effectively address the needs of migrants on the move, MRP assistance) and were tested for COVID-19. Negative COVID-19 partners continued to adapt their services to the COVID-19 cases were brought to the Djiboutian side of the border by the pandemic in Q4 through the MRCs3, Migrant Response Points, authorities to cross into Ethiopia while positive cases remained mobile teams, mobile health teams, way stations and host on site in the isolation units until they tested negative and assisted communities. During Q4, MRP partners in the affected countries to return to Ethiopia. (Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia and Yemen) identified 52,046 migrants (14,837 females and 37,209 males) in need of humanitarian In Ethiopia, no beneficiaries were assisted to return from Yemen assistance4. Those registered for various forms of assistance under the Voluntary Humanitarian Return (VHR) programme included 2,412 (75 females and 2,337 males) in Djibouti; 11,289 due to the COVID-19 movement restrictions. MRP partners (5,034 females and 6,255 males) in Ethiopia, 14,566 (7,151 (IOM, United Nations Children’s Education Fund (UNICEF), females and 7,415 males) in Somalia and 23,779 (2,577 females Save the Children (SCI) and Terre des Hommes Netherlands) and 21,202 males) in Yemen. Of the 52,046 migrants in need of provided FTR to 956 UASC (515 females and 441 males). The assistance; 1,004 were unaccompanied and separated children FTR process for the 48 UASC who remained in the shelters (UASC). was still ongoing and this will be reported in the next quarter. In addition to the FTR assistance, SCI, in consultation with local In Djibouti, within the framework of a country agreement key stakeholders, provided in-kind reintegration assistance to the between the World Food Programme (WFP) and IOM, WFP children in the form of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), exercise books, pens, school bags, clothes, shoes, food items, dignity kits, and sanitation materials. SCI conducted a vaccination Key achievements through MRCs campaign reaching out to 12,460 vulnerable migrant children (6,503 females and 5,957 males) in Ethiopia. 3,013 persons (49% females and 51% males) registered In Somalia, the high number of migrants identified in Q4 is in MRCs linked to the influx of migrants entering Somalia as well as the enhancement of mobile outreach activities. Five mobile patrols; 2,717 migrants provided with non-food items two in Somaliland, three in Puntland, as well as two mobile health clinics were conducted for 14 days by the MRC Bossaso team 2,584 migrants provided with health support in collaboration with the Ministry of Health. The outreaches increased the geographical reach of direct assistance and support 2,424 migrants supported with food and water provided to stranded migrants in transit as well as in settlements assistance outside of the main urban areas such as in farming communities in Puntland where migrants engage in daily labour to support 31% of UASC provided with family reunification their onward travels. assistance In Yemen, IOM, Danish Refugee Council (DRC) and INTERSOS scaled up the provision of humanitarian assistance to migrants, continued to provide food assistance to the migrants in the with a focus on Aden where 5,000 migrants are estimated to Obock MRC as well as in the government-led quarantine site. be stranded. To this end, in November 2020, IOM collaborated Most stranded migrants had up until the end of September with a local governmental organization (Hygiene Fund) to kick been regrouping at the informal government led “Masagara” off a cleaning campaign as a cash for work (CFW) initiative to site, located at the outskirts of Obock city, waiting to return provide a small livelihood opportunity to migrants waiting for to Ethiopia. The site was closed at the beginning of October the reactivation of VHR flights in Aden.
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