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Icelandic Folklore
i ICELANDIC FOLKLORE AND THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF RELIGIOUS CHANGE ii BORDERLINES approaches,Borderlines methodologies,welcomes monographs or theories and from edited the socialcollections sciences, that, health while studies, firmly androoted the in late antique, medieval, and early modern periods, are “edgy” and may introduce sciences. Typically, volumes are theoretically aware whilst introducing novel approaches to topics of key interest to scholars of the pre-modern past. FOR PRIVATE AND NON-COMMERCIAL USE ONLY iii ICELANDIC FOLKLORE AND THE CULTURAL MEMORY OF RELIGIOUS CHANGE by ERIC SHANE BRYAN iv We have all forgotten our names. — G. K. Chesterton British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. © 2021, Arc Humanities Press, Leeds The author asserts their moral right to be identified as the author of this work. Permission to use brief excerpts from this work in scholarly and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is an exception or limitation covered by Article 5 of the European Union’s Copyright Directive (2001/29/ EC) or would be determined to be “fair use” under Section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Act September 2010 Page 2 or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 USC §108, as revised by P.L. 94– 553) does not require the Publisher’s permission. FOR PRIVATE AND ISBN (HB): 9781641893756 ISBN (PB): 9781641894654 NON-COMMERCIAL eISBN (PDF): 9781641893763 USE ONLY www.arc- humanities.org Printed and bound in the UK (by CPI Group [UK] Ltd), USA (by Bookmasters), and elsewhere using print-on-demand technology. -
Number Symbolism in Old Norse Literature
Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Medieval Icelandic Studies Number Symbolism in Old Norse Literature A Brief Study Ritgerð til MA-prófs í íslenskum miðaldafræðum Li Tang Kt.: 270988-5049 Leiðbeinandi: Torfi H. Tulinius September 2015 Acknowledgements I would like to thank firstly my supervisor, Torfi H. Tulinius for his confidence and counsels which have greatly encouraged my writing of this paper. Because of this confidence, I have been able to explore a domain almost unstudied which attracts me the most. Thanks to his counsels (such as his advice on the “Blóð-Egill” Episode in Knýtlinga saga and the reading of important references), my work has been able to find its way through the different numbers. My thanks also go to Haraldur Bernharðsson whose courses on Old Icelandic have been helpful to the translations in this paper and have become an unforgettable memory for me. I‟m indebted to Moritz as well for our interesting discussion about the translation of some paragraphs, and to Capucine and Luis for their meticulous reading. Any fault, however, is my own. Abstract It is generally agreed that some numbers such as three and nine which appear frequently in the two Eddas hold special significances in Norse mythology. Furthermore, numbers appearing in sagas not only denote factual quantity, but also stand for specific symbolic meanings. This tradition of number symbolism could be traced to Pythagorean thought and to St. Augustine‟s writings. But the result in Old Norse literature is its own system influenced both by Nordic beliefs and Christianity. This double influence complicates the intertextuality in the light of which the symbolic meanings of numbers should be interpreted. -
Student Handbook
2018/2019 Student Handbook . University of the Faroe Islands 2018/2019 1 2 INTRODUCTION Dear student, Welcome to the University of the Faroe Islands. You are now embarking upon a new period of your life, where you have chosen to attend university. Our wish is that your time spent studying here will be positive, instructive, and stimulating. At the University of the Faroe Islands it is important to us that as a student you feel as welcome as possible, that you receive a great start to your studies and good studying habits, that your well-being is a priority, and that your time spent at the university will be both challenging, constructive, and exciting. We encourage you as a student to be active, to participate in social activities or events, and to bring your own personal contribution to a good and constructive academic environment, so that you play a part in promoting well-being – both for yourself and for your fellow students. It is, among others, productive students who have helped making the university known for being a good place to study. The fact that the various offered programmes are located at several separate places in the city, makes it even more necessary that the students and staff participate in communal arrangements for everyone, and thereby play their part in developing a feeling of communal identity and increased well-being. The staff at the university is also there to help, guide, and support you in reaching your educational goals. Those who are first and foremost available to you are: the department offices, the Student Services Centre and the student counsellors. -
The Postcolonial North Atlantic Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands
The Postcolonial North Atlantic Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands Edited by Lill-Ann Körber and Ebbe Volquardsen Nordeuropa-Institut der Humboldt-Universität Berlin Table of Contents EBBE VOLQUARDSEN/LILL-ANN KÖRBER The Postcolonial North Atlantic: An Introduction WILLIAM FROST The Concept of the North Atlantic Rim; or, Questioning the North Iceland GUÐMUNDUR HÁLFDANARSON Iceland Perceived: Nordic, European or a Colonial Other? KRISTÍN LOFTSDÓTTIR Icelandic Identities in a Postcolonial Context ANN-SOFIE NIELSEN GREMAUD Iceland as Centre and Periphery: Postcolonial and Crypto-colonial Perspectives REINHARD HENNIG Postcolonial Ecology: An Ecocritical Reading of Andri Snær Magnason’s Dreamland: A Self-Help Manual for a Frightened Nation () HELGA BIRGISDÓTTIR Searching for a Home, Searching for a Language: Jón Sveinsson, the Nonni Books and Identity Formation DAGNÝ KRISTJÁNSDÓTTIR Guðríður Símonardóttir: The Suspect Victim of the Turkish Abductions in the th Century Faroe IslanDs BERGUR RØNNE MOBERG The Faroese Rest in the West: Danish-Faroese World Literature between Postcolonialism and Western Modernism 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS MALAN MARNERSDÓTTIR Translations of William Heinesen – a Post-colonial Experience CHRISTIAN REBHAN Postcolonial Politics and the Debates on Membership in the European Communities in the Faroe Islands (–) JOHN K. MITCHINSON Othering the Other: Language Decolonisation in the Faroe Islands ANNE-KARI SKARÐHAMAR To Be or Not to Be a Nation: Representations of Decolonisation and Faroese Nation Building in Gunnar Hoydal’s Novel Í havsins hjarta () Greenland BIRGIT KLEIST PEDERSEN Greenlandic Images and the Post-colonial: Is it such a Big Deal after all? CHRISTINA JUST A Short Story of the Greenlandic Theatre: From Fjaltring, Jutland, to the National Theatre in Nuuk, Greenland KIRSTEN THISTED Politics, Oil and Rock ‘n’ Roll. -
34 Iceland As an Imaginary Place in a European
ICELAND AS AN IMAGINARY PLACE IN A EUROPEAN CONTEXT – SOME LITERARY REPRESENTATIONS Sveinn Yngvi Egilsson University of Iceland [email protected] Abstract The article focuses on the image of Iceland and Iceland as an imaginary place in literature from the nineteenth century onwards. It is especially concerned with the aesthetics or discourse of the sublime, claiming that it is the common denominator in many literary images of Iceland. The main proponents of this aesthetics or discourse in nineteenth-century Icelandic literature are discussed before pointing to further developments in later times. Among those studied are the nineteenth-century poets Bjarni Thorarensen (1786-1841), Jónas Hallgrímsson (1807- 1845), Grímur Thomsen (1820-1896) and Steingrímur Thorsteinsson (1831-1913), along with a number of contemporary Icelandic writers. Other literary discourses also come into play, such as representing Iceland as "the Hellas of the North", with the pastoral mode or discourse proving to have a lasting appeal to Icelandic writers and often featuring as the opposite of the sublime in literary descriptions of Iceland. Keywords Icelandic literature, Romantic poetry; the discourse of the sublime, the idea of the North; pastoral literature. This article will focus on the image of Iceland and on Iceland as an imaginary place in literature from the nineteenth century onwards. It will especially be concerned with the aesthetics of the sublime, claiming that it is the common denominator in many literary images of Iceland. The main proponents of this aesthetics in nineteenth-century Icelandic literature are discussed before pointing to further developments in later times. By looking at a number of literary works from the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, it is suggested that this aesthetics can be seen to continue in altered form into the present day. -
Faroe Islands and Greenland 2008
N O R D I C M E D I A T R E N D S 10 Media and Communication Statistics Faroe Islands and Greenland 2008 Compiled by Ragnar Karlsson NORDICOM UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG 2008 NORDICOM’s activities are based on broad and extensive network of contacts and collaboration with members of the research community, media companies, politicians, regulators, teachers, librarians, and so forth, around the world. The activities at Nordicom are characterized by three main working areas. Media and Communication Research Findings in the Nordic Countries Nordicom publishes a Nordic journal, Nordicom Information, and an English language journal, Nordicom Review (refereed), as well as anthologies and other reports in both Nordic and English langu- ages. Different research databases concerning, among other things, scientific literature and ongoing research are updated continuously and are available on the Internet. Nordicom has the character of a hub of Nordic cooperation in media research. Making Nordic research in the field of mass communication and media studies known to colleagues and others outside the region, and weaving and supporting networks of collaboration between the Nordic research communities and colleagues abroad are two prime facets of the Nordicom work. The documentation services are based on work performed in national documentation centres at- tached to the universities in Aarhus, Denmark; Tampere, Finland; Reykjavik, Iceland; Bergen, Norway; and Göteborg, Sweden. Trends and Developments in the Media Sectors in the Nordic Countries Nordicom compiles and collates media statistics for the whole of the Nordic region. The statistics, to- gether with qualified analyses, are published in the series, Nordic Media Trends, and on the homepage. -
Poetry and Society: Aspects of Shona, Old English and Old Norse Literature
The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/ Available through a partnership with Scroll down to read the article. Poetry and Society: Aspects of Shona, Old English and Old Norse Literature Hazel Carter School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 4 One of the most interesting and stimulating the themes, and especially in the use made of developments of recent years in African studies certain poetic techniques common to both. has been the discovery and rescue of the tradi- Compare, for instance, the following extracts, tional poetry of the Shona peoples, as reported the first from the clan praises of the Zebra 1 in a previous issue of this journal. In particular, (Tembo), the second from Beowulf, the great to anyone acquainted with Old English (Anglo- Old English epic, composed probably in the Saxon) poetry, the reading of the Shona poetry seventh century. The Zebra praises are com- strikes familiar chords, notably in the case of plimentary and the description of the dragon the nheternbo and madetembedzo praise poetry. from Beowulf quite the reverse, but the expres- The resemblances are not so much in the sion and handling of the imagery is strikingly content of the poetry as in the treatment of similar: Zvaitwa, Chivara, It has been done, Striped One, Njunta yerenje. Hornless beast of the desert. Heko.ni vaTemho, Thanks, honoured Tembo, Mashongera, Adorned One, Chinakira-matondo, Bush-beautifier, yakashonga mikonde Savakadzu decked with bead-girdles like women, Mhuka inoti, kana yomhanya Beast which, when it runs amid the mumalombo, rocks, Kuatsika, unoona mwoto kuti cheru And steps on them, you see fire drawn cfreru.2 forth. -
On the Origins of the Gothic Novel: from Old Norse to Otranto
This extract is taken from the author's original manuscript and has not been edited. The definitive, published, version of record is available here: https:// www.palgrave.com/gb/book/9781137465030 and https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9781137465047. Please be aware that if third party material (e.g. extracts, figures, tables from other sources) forms part of the material you wish to archive you will need additional clearance from the appropriate rights holders. On the origins of the Gothic novel: From Old Norse to Otranto Martin Arnold A primary vehicle for the literary Gothic in the late eighteenth to early nineteen centuries was past superstition. The extent to which Old Norse tradition provided the basis for a subspecies of literary horror has been passed over in an expanding critical literature which has not otherwise missed out on cosmopolitan perspectives. This observation by Robert W. Rix (2011, 1) accurately assesses what may be considered a significant oversight in studies of the Gothic novel. Whilst it is well known that the ethnic meaning of ‘Gothic’ originally referred to invasive, eastern Germanic, pagan tribes of the third to the sixth centuries AD (see, for example, Sowerby 2000, 15-26), there remains a disconnect between Gothicism as the legacy of Old Norse literature and the use of the term ‘Gothic’ to mean a category of fantastical literature. This essay, then, seeks to complement Rix’s study by, in certain areas, adding more detail about the gradual emergence of Old Norse literature as a significant presence on the European literary scene. The initial focus will be on those formations (often malformations) and interpretations of Old Norse literature as it came gradually to light from the sixteenth century onwards, and how the Nordic Revival impacted on what is widely considered to be the first Gothic novel, The Castle of Otranto (1764) by Horace Walpole (1717-97). -
Department of Scandinavian Studies
DEPARTMENT OF Scandinavian Studies Message from the Chair TERJE LEIREN Celebrating the centennial of its founding is a significant milestone for any institution, no less an academic department at a major research university. Since its establishment by an act of the Washington State Legislature in 1909, the Department of Scandinavian Studies has grown and prospered, largely due to the dedication of its faculty and staff and the excellent character and quality of its students. To com- memorate the milestone, several celebratory events, including lectures, dinners, special programs, and conferences are being scheduled between now and the summer of 2010. Please stay in touch with us, check our departmental website, and plan to attend as many events as you can over the next two years. Of course, at the heart of what we do in the Department is teaching and scholarship. Cutting-edge research and innovative teaching enhance and broaden our knowledge about, and appreciation of, the Nordic region. Our comprehensive language programs and wide range of course offerings focusing on the five Nordic countries and the three Baltic countries make the Department unique in the world. The UW is the only North American university that regularly teaches Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian. In 2009–2010, we will celebrate the 15th anniversary of the Baltic Studies program. By its very nature, the teaching at a research university is informed by the research of its teachers. All of the faculty in the Department of Scandinavian Studies are active scholars who bring their SPRING 2008 research back into the classroom, whether it be for a graduate seminar on literary theory, a discus- sion of Strindberg’s Paris, a broad introductory course on Scandinavian culture, or an advanced undergraduate course on the cinematic expressions of Scandinavian attitudes about sexuality or crime fiction. -
Different Paths Towards Autonomy
Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Sagnfræði Different paths towards autonomy: A comparison of the political status of the Faroe Islands and th Iceland in the first half of the 19 century Ritgerð til B. A.- prófs Regin Winther Poulsen Kt.: 111094-3579 Leiðbeinandi: Anna Agnarsdóttir Janúar 2018 Abstract This dissertation is a comparison of the political status of Iceland and the Faroe Islands within the Danish kingdom during the first half of the 19th century. Though they share a common history, the two dependencies took a radically different path towards autonomy during this period. Today Iceland is a republic while the Faroes still are a part of the Danish kingdom. This study examines the difference between the agendas of the two Danish dependencies in the Rigsdagen, the first Danish legislature, when it met for the first time in 1848 to discuss the first Danish constitution, the so-called Junigrundloven. In order to explain why the political agendas of the dependencies were so different, it is necessary to study in detail the years before 1848. The administration, trade and culture of the two dependencies are examined in order to provide the background for the discussion of the quite different political status Iceland and the Faroes had within the Danish kingdom. Furthermore, the debates in the Danish state assemblies regarding the re-establishment of the Alþingi in 1843 are discussed in comparison to the debates in the same assemblies regarding the re-establishment of the Løgting in 1844 and 1846. Even though the state assemblies received similar petitions from both dependencies, Alþingi was re-established in 1843, while the same did not happen with the Løgting in the Faroes. -
Arts and Cultural Education in the Faroe Islands
Arts and Cultural Education in the Faroe Islands By Professor Anne Bamford November 2012 Acknowledgements This research would not have been possible without the support and generosity of all the people involved. A special thank you is extended to Hedvig Westerlund-Kapnas and Rakul Thomsen for their invaluable help in providing local contextual understanding and document and policy translation and interpretation. Rakul is a dedicated researcher; highly efficient driver, guide and logistical manager; and valued companion and friend. The research has benefited greatly from her input and assistance. Throughout the research, the hospitality of the people of the Faroe Islands has made me feel very welcome. The honesty of responses and generosity of time and support made the research possible. My gratitude goes to the 28 organisations and schools visited, the 150 people interviewed and all those people who completed surveys and contributed to this research. Unless otherwise stated, all photographs in the report are by Lachlan Bamford 1 Contents Arts and Cultural Education in the Faroe Islands ........................................... 0 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 8 1.2 Scope and method ................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Definitions of terms .............................................................................................. -
Nordic Publishing and Book History: an Introduction
Scandinavica Vol 51 No 2 2012 Nordic Publishing and Book History: An Introduction Jakob Stougaard-Nielsen University College London As Janet Garton’s thought-provoking historical overview of Scandinavica’s ‘first fifty years’ in this issue makes clear, the cultures, societies and literatures of the Nordic countries are by no means restricted to a particular geographical region. As an international journal of Scandinavian Studies, Scandinavica is itself part of a transnational publishing circuit that has disseminated, analysed and added to the cultural dynamics of similarities and differences that make up the Nordic cultural sphere. The journal has adapted over time to the local conditions of academic publishing, to technological, cultural and institutional changes in Britain, through personal commitments and a vibrant international community of scholars. This special themed issue of the journal that marks its 50th anniversary aims to celebrate those commitments by offering a broad view on the history and characteristics of the modern publishing business and print culture of the Nordic countries. We have invited contributions that investigate the transnational and intermedial dynamics and the great variety of agents or cultural transmitters that have enabled the circulation of Nordic literature within and out of the Nordic region. Together, the articles collected here confirm that studying Nordic literature, with a view to their material forms and the publishing circuits within which they are written, disseminated and read, offer new perspectives on the literary culture of the Nordic region. Based on extensive research into catalogues and market statistics, Anne Steiner investigates the Swedish book market following WWII. She demonstrates that the dramatic increase in publishing in the period to a large extent was driven by new publishing formats such as distinctly 6 Scandinavica Vol 51 No 2 2012 branded and marketed paperbacks that catered for the ‘new’ identities and social roles of readers in the developing Swedish welfare state.