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UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA

GY 112L: Earth History Lab

Week 11 Part 2

Instructor: Dr. Douglas W. Haywick Today’s Agenda

The Paleozoic Part 2 (Lab 8 exercises)

1) & Stromatoporoids 2) Stromatolites 3) 4) Bryozoans 5) Stratigraphy Sponges

Sponge Facts:

Taxonomy: : Porifera

Sponges

Sponge Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera

Range: -Recent

Sponges

excurrent pore Sponge Facts: incurrent pore Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera

Range: Cambrian-Recent

Mode of : Marine, benthic,

excurrent pore Sponges

Sponge Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera

Range: Cambrian-Recent

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder

Mineral composition: spongin with spicules or (calcisponges)

Sponges

Sponge Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera

Range: Cambrian-Recent

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder

Mineral composition: spongin with spicules or calcite (calcisponges)

Fossil Pres.: mineral replacement or pristine

Stromatoporoids

Now known to be a type of sponge. They were important paleozoic builders Stromatoporoids

Stromatoporoid Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera

Range: -Mississippian ?

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder

Mineral composition: calcite

Fossil Pres.: pristine

Stromatolites

The first “visible” Stromatolites

Stromatolite Facts:

Taxonomy: :

Range: Archean-Recent

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, colonial,

Mineral composition: calcite

Fossil Pres.: pristine

Corals

One of the most important as far as geology is concerned.

They evolved early and showed amazing diversity Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum:

Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria :

Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass:

Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia

Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T)

Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia

Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T)

Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia

Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (-Recent)

Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia

Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent)

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells)

Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia

Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent)

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells)

Mineral composition: calcite or aragonite

Corals

Coral Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia

Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent)

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells)

Mineral composition: calcite or aragonite

Fossil Pres.: pristine, molds/chalky/replaced

Bryozoans ( Animals)

Bryozoan Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: (old) Phyla: , Ectoprocta (new)

Bryozoans

Bryozoan Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new)

Range: Ordovician-Recent

Bryozoans

Bryozoan Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new)

Range: Ordovician-Recent

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial

Bryozoans

Bryozoan Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new)

Range: Ordovician-Recent

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial

Mineral composition: calcite and aragonite

Bryozoans

Bryozoan Facts:

Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new)

Range: Ordovician-Recent

Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial

Mineral composition: calcite and aragonite

Fossil Pres.: pristine

Bryozoan Forms

Digitate Lacy Bryozoan

The living chambers are called zooecia The animals are called Stratigraphy and Rock Suites

Collections of rocks from a specific region that cover a specific time frame

1) Niagara Falls ( and dolostone)

Stratigraphy and Rock Suites

Why a waterfall and not a set of rapids? Consider the stratigraphy.

1) Niagara Falls

Stratigraphy and Rock Suites

Rate of retreat

Lab Time GY 112L: Earth History

Lab 8: Paleozoic Rocks and Fossils 2

Instructor: Dr. Doug Haywick [email protected]

This is a free open access lecture, but not for commercial purposes. For personal use only.