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Antieroi Shakespeariani, Criminali (E) Politici. Francis Urquhart E House of Cards (BBC)

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Antieroi Shakespeariani, Criminali (E) Politici. Francis Urquhart E House of Cards (BBC) Antieroi shakespeariani, criminali (e) politici. Francis Urquhart e House of Cards (BBC) Daniele Croci – Università degli Studi Di Milano – 04/12/2014 Cattivo. Cattivissimo. Cattivo? Introduzione: Cultural Materialism ● Reazione a New Criticism – Visione universalistica/antistorica della letteratura – Valore intrinseco-stabilito ● Femminismo, strutturalismo d'impronta Marxista, teoria poststrutturalista, ● R. Williams, A. Gramsci, M.Foucault, L. Althusser (Dollimore 1994) ● William Shakespeare Contenuti ● Introduzione: Cultural Materialism ● House of Cards (BBC, 1990-1995) – 12 puntate – A. Davies, P. Seed e M. Vardy ● reificazione del letterario Shakespeariano ● presa di posizione sociopolitica antireazionaria – Contesto storico – Ibridazione narrative di genere Cultural Materialism “The delegitimaton of institutional strategies of containment that rely on Shakespeare as the keystone of an ideology according to which ‘man's nature doesn't change’” (Wayne 1987, 51) Shakespeare autore eterno verità dell’animo natura dell’uomo (essenzialismo) House of Cards (BBC, 1990-1995) ● A. Davies, P. Seed e M. Vardy ● M. Dobbs, chief of staff per Margaret Thatcher ● Political Drama ● Ambientazione: dopo le dimissioni di M. Thatcher (1990) ● Protagonista: Francis Urquhart, chief whip P. Conservatore Richard III (1592) e Macbeth (1606) ● Non un adattamento ● Tre modalità di appropriazione: – Somiglianza (o citazione indiretta) di eventi o personaggi – Menzione (o riferimento) – Citazione diretta e letterale di passi dei plays. ● Monologhi e aside Interpellazione Macbeth (1606) ● “Glamis, Cawdor and King Hereafter” (ep1-5:55) ● Incontro con le streghe in 1.3.46-48 ● “I think that you should be Prime Minister. You are twice the man Collingridge is, or ever will be” ● Elizabeth Lady Macbeth Richard III (1592) ● Riluttanza ad assumere la carica ● “Quite a little touch of Richard of Gloucester at Baynard's Castle” (ep3,45:40) ● “Shine out, fair sun!” (1.2.266) Macbeth Richard III ● 'I am in blood stepped in so far” (ep.8,42:43) ● Macbeth (3.4.136- 137) ● Rimando a Richard III (4.2.64-65) ● Contiguità narrativa e tematica Citazioni e riferimenti caratterizzazione superficiale del personaggio bramosia e ambizione Ipostatizzazione: 1) personaggio come “rassicurante” simbolo di hubris (=alterigia, eccessivo orgoglio) 2) destoricizzazione – viziosità intrinseca House of Cards – M. Thatcher (tre mandati, 1979-1990) ● Sovrano e sanità dello stato ● A new Elizabethan age - the splendour here, the squalor there” (9.17:02) ● Disuguaglianze, povertà, tensioni sociali. Guerra ● Ripetizione mimetica – ideale continuazione del decennio Thatcher ● Politica economica FU: “Enterprise culture. Grass-roots initiative. Bootstraps. Fingers out.” (ep.5, 38:45) Neoliberismo vs welfare state “There is a division in society today – between those who want to work, and enjoy the fruits of their labour, and abide by and uphold the laws of the land and an increasing number of what it is fashionable to call the disaffected, the disadvantaged, the differently motivated. What we used to call lazy people, dishonest people, people who don't take responsibility for their actions or their lives. […] We are not a nation of social workers or clients of social workers. We are not – please, God – a nation of deserving cases. We are a fierce, proud nation and we are still, God willing, a nation to be reckoned with!” (ep.8, 25) ossessione stato assistenziale + nazionalismo Conclusioni ● Associazione antieroe al contesto politico contemporaneo (identificazione) – Inserimento elementi narrativi crime fiction (investigazione) ● Aside presa di potere in sistema democratico ● Tensione tra malvagità destoricizzata e contesto contemporaneo riconoscibile ● “The bearer of a subjectivity which is not the antithesis of social process but its focus, in particular the focus of political, social and ideological contradiction” (Dollimore 1993, 50)” Bibliografia Barker, Chris. 2003. Cultural Studies: Theory and Practice. 2nd ed. London: Thousand Oaks, Calif. : SAGE Publications. Braunmuller, A. R. 2008. “Introduction.” In Macbeth, by William Shakespeare. New York: Cambridge University Press. Camargo Heck, Marina. 1980. “The Ideological Dimension of Media Messages.” In Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies, 1972-79, edited by Stuart Hall, Dorothy Dobson, Andre Lowe, and Paul Willis. London: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham. Cartmell, Deborah, and Imelda Whelehan, eds. 1999. Adaptations: From Text to Screen, Screen to Text. London ; New York: Routledge. Cohen, Walter. 1987. “Political Criticism of Shakespeare.” In Shakespeare Reproduced : The Text in History and Ideology, edited by Jean E Howard and Marion F O’Connor. New York [etc.]: Routledge. Desmet, Christy, and Robert Sawyer, eds. 1999. Shakespeare and Appropriation. Accents on Shakespeare. London ; New York: Routledge. Dessen, Alan C. 2000. “The Arrow in Nessus: Elizabethan Clues and Modern Detectives.” In Shakespeare in Performance, edited by Robert Shaughnessy. Basingstoke: Macmillan. Dollimore, Jonathan. 1993. Radical Tragedy : Religion, Ideology, and Power in the Drama of Shakespeare and His Contemporaries. Durham: Duke University Press. ———. 1994. “Shakespeare, Cultural Materialism and the New Historicism.” In Political Shakespeare : Essays in Cultural Materialism, edited by Jonathan Dollimore and Alan Sinfield. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Dollimore, Jonathan, and Alan Sinfield, eds. 1994. Political Shakespeare : Essays in Cultural Materialism. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Flood, Alison. 2014. “Jo Nesbø Plans ‘Crime Noir’ Version of Macbeth.” The Guardian, January 14. http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/jan/14/jo-nesbo-rewrite-crime- macbeth-shakespeare. Hall, Stuart. 1980. “Encoding/decoding.” In Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies, 1972-79, edited by Stuart Hall, Dorothy Dobson, Andre Lowe, and Paul Willis. London; [Birmingham, West Midlands]: Hutchinson ; Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham. Hall, Stuart, Dorothy Dobson, Andre Lowe, and Paul Willis, eds. 1980. Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies, 1972-79. London: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham. Hobsbawm, Eric John. 2007. Il Secolo Breve : 1914-1991. Translated by Brunello Lotti. Milano: Rizzoli. Holderness, Graham. 1994. “Radical Potentiality and Institutional Closure.” In Political Shakespeare : Essays in Cultural Materialism, edited by Jonathan Dollimore and Alan Sinfield. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Bibliografia /2 Howard, Jean E, and Marion F O’Connor, eds. 1987. Shakespeare Reproduced : The Text in History and Ideology. New York [etc.]: Routledge. Kamps, Ivo. 1999. “Alas, Poor Shakespeare! I Knew Him Well.” In Shakespeare and Appropriation, edited by Christy Desmet and Robert Sawyer. Accents on Shakespeare. London ; New York: Routledge. Lombardo, Agostino. 2010. Lettura del Macbeth. Milano: Feltrinelli. Lull, Janis. 2009. “Introduction.” In King Richard III, by William Shakespeare, Updated ed. The New Cambridge Shakespeare. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. Rothwell, Kenneth S. 2004. A History of Shakespeare on Screen: A Century of Film and Television. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press. Seldon, Anthony, and Daniel Collings. 2000. Britain under Thatcher. Harlow, England; New York: Longman. Shakespeare, William. 2008. Macbeth. Edited by A. R Braunmuller. New York: Cambridge University Press. ———. 2009. King Richard III. Edited by Janis Lull. Updated ed. The New Cambridge Shakespeare. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. Shaughnessy, Robert, ed. 2000. Shakespeare in Performance. Basingstoke: Macmillan. Sinfield, Alan. 1992. Faultlines : Cultural Materialism and the Politics of Dissident Reading. Berkeley: University of California Press. Van Zoonen, L., and D. Wring. 2012. “Trends in Political Television Fiction in the UK: Themes, Characters and Narratives, 1965-2009.” Media, Culture & Society 34 (3): 263–79. doi:10.1177/0163443711433663. Wagner, Geoffrey Atheling. 1975. The Novel and the Cinema. Rutherford, N.J: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. Wayne, Don E. 1987. “Power, Politics and the Shakespearean Text: Recent Criticism in England and the United States.” In Shakespeare Reproduced : The Text in History and Ideology, edited by Jean E Howard and Marion F O’Connor. New York [etc.]: Routledge. Whelehan, Imelda. 1999. “Adaptations: The Contemporary Dilemmas.” In Adaptations: From Text to Screen, Screen to Text, edited by Deborah Cartmell and Imelda Whelehan. London ; New York: Routledge. Ziegler, Gerogianna. 1999. “Accomodating the Virago: Nineteenth-Century Representations of Lady Macbeth.” In Shakespeare and Appropriation, edited by Christy Desmet and Robert Sawyer. Accents on Shakespeare. London ; New York: Routledge. .
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