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14 Natural Conditions in the Red River Delta
Chapter 14 Natural Conditions in the Red River Delta 14.1 River basin and tributaries of the Red River Delta 14.1.1 Geographical conditions The main stream of the Red River, or Song Hong in Vietnamese, originates at Yunan Province in China. The total catchment area is 169,000 km2, of which about a half lies within Vietnam. It runs into the territory of Vietnam, named the Thao River, through Lao Cai Province in between the Mountain Ranges of Hoan Lien Son and Con Voi, elevation of which are higher than 1,000 meters. The portion of Thao River has irregular riverbed. As shown in Figure 14.1.1 the Red River has four major upstream tributaries, i.e. the Da River on the right side, and the Chay River, the Lo River, and Gam River on the left side. They merge near at Viet Tri as a nodal point, which constitutes the border of the upstream and downstream portions of the Red River and the apex of the Red River Delta. The Delta has an area of about 17,000 km2. The lower Red River System is characterized by many branches and their complicated alignment with silty-sand bottom on the flat plain. The Day River is the first bifurcation to the right from downstream of Son Tay to the Gulf of Back Bo, passing by Ninh Binh. After flowing for about 60 km, the Red River is separated by the Duong River in Hanoi City from the left bank to the east. The main Red River continues to flow down to the southeast. -
Climate Change Adaptation and Gender Inequality: Insights from Rural Vietnam
sustainability Article Climate Change Adaptation and Gender Inequality: Insights from Rural Vietnam Josephine Ylipaa * , Sara Gabrielsson * and Anne Jerneck Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies, LUMES & LUCSUS, Lund University, P.O. Box 170, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (J.Y.); [email protected] (S.G.); Tel.: +46-705-309-780 (J.Y.); +46-767-801-144 (S.G.) Received: 25 March 2019; Accepted: 10 May 2019; Published: 16 May 2019 Abstract: Vietnam is one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change impacts, especially from extreme weather events such as storms and floods. Thus, climate change adaptation is crucial, especially for natural resource-dependent farmers. Based on a qualitative research approach using a feminist political ecology lens, this article investigates gendered patterns of rural agrarian livelihoods and climate adaptation in the province of Thái Bình. In doing so, we identify differentiated rights and responsibilities between female and male farmers, leading to unequal opportunities and immobility for females, making them more vulnerable to climate impacts and threatening to reduce their capacity to adapt. This research also shows that demands on farmers to contribute to perpetual increases in agricultural output by the state poses a challenge, since farming livelihoods in Vietnam are increasingly becoming feminised, as a result of urbanisation and devaluation of farming. Past and present national strategies and provincial implementation plans linked to climate change do not consider the burden affecting rural female farmers, instead the focus lies on addressing technical solutions to adaptation. With little attention being paid to an increasingly female workforce, existing gender inequalities may be exacerbated, threatening the future existence of rural livelihoods and the viability of Vietnam’s expansion into global markets. -
Rural–Urban Transition of Hanoi (Vietnam): Using Landsat Imagery to Map Its Recent Peri-Urbanization
International Journal of Geo-Information Article Rural–Urban Transition of Hanoi (Vietnam): Using Landsat Imagery to Map Its Recent Peri-Urbanization Giovanni Mauro Department of Humanities, University of Trieste, via Lazzaretto Vecchio 8, 34100 Trieste, Italy; [email protected]; Tel.: +(39)-040-5583631 Received: 23 September 2020; Accepted: 11 November 2020; Published: 12 November 2020 Abstract: The current trend towards global urbanization presents new environmental and social challenges. For this reason, it is increasingly important to monitor urban growth, mainly in those regions undergoing the fastest urbanization, such as Southeast Asia. Hanoi (Vietnam) is a rapidly growing medium-sized city: since new economic policies were introduced in 1986, this area has experienced a rapid demographic rise and radical socio-economic transformation. In this study, we aim to map not only the recent urban expansion of Hanoi, but also of its surroundings. For this reason, our study area consists of the districts within a 30km radius of the city center. To analyze the rural–urban dynamics, we identified three hypothetical rings from the center: the core (within a 10 km radius), the first ring (the area between 10 and 20 km) and, finally, the outer zone (over 20 km). To map land use/land cover (LULC) changes, we classified a miniseries of Landsat images, collected approximately every ten years (1989, 2000, 2010 and 2019). To better define the urban dynamics, we then applied the following spatial indexes: the rate of urban expansion, four landscape metrics (the number of patches, the edge length, the mean patch area and the largest patch index) and the landscape expansion index. -
Bangkok to Hanoi Overland Plus Southern Thai Islands
EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW: BANGKOK TO HANOI OVERLAND PLUS SOUTHERN THAI ISLANDS Travelling around South East Asia is a well-trodden route; so many people are spending a few months in Asia as part of their gap year these days. What I did find however is most people go to the same places, do exactly the same thing and travel in exactly the same order. When it came to choosing which way we went around South East Asia it all came down to what was high on our priorities and having to be in certain places for pre booked flights. However if I had of had a few more weeks getting around Asia wouldn’t have needed such precise planning. In the end we chose to miss Northern Thailand and Laos in favour of exploring Vietnam properly and getting to Cambodia and Southern Thailand. So here it is, everything I think you might need to know about travelling the ‘no-so-popular’ way around Asia in three weeks and four days plus Southern Thailand for 10 days. Bike Taxi’s in Hoi An Bangkok to Trat to Ko Chang Make sure you use the Government Buses in Thailand to get around. There are three stations in Bangkok and plenty others all over the country. We originally booked a ticket to Ko Samet the day before however after missing that bus we turned up, purchased a ticket and were on a bus within the hour. Nights in Bangkok = 2 Government Bus – Bangkok to Trat = $8 Tuk-Tuk – Trat to Ko Chang Ferry =$3 Ferry to Ko Chang = $2.45 Tuk-Tuk – Ferry to Long Island = $4.60 Accommodation in Bangkok = Lub D Silom $14 a night for a mixed 8 bed dorm Ko Chang Thailand to Koh Kong Cambodia REMEMBER no matter what a company says no busses cross the border at Hat Lek/Cham Yeam. -
Viet Nam Viet Nam COVID-19 Situation Report #47 Situation
Viet Nam Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report #47 20 June 2021 Report as of 20 June 2021 Viet Nam COVID-19 Situation Report #47 Report as of 20 June 2021, 18:00 Situation Summary Highlights of Current Situation Report − The current outbreaks continued to evolve with various clusters being brought under control while a number of provinces experience a surge with community cases and clusters of unknown sources of transmission. − Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) continued to report high daily cases with multiple clusters in many places including those with unknown or unclear epidemiological links. Ha Tinh, Nghe An and Tien Giang provinces started reporting cases from community with unknown sources of transmission especially in the past five day. Bac Giang, Bac Ninh continued to report new cases but majority were among the contacts of previously reported cases or those in the lockdown areas. − A total of 2,673 new cases were reported during this week (increased 49% compared to previous week) including seven deaths. These included 2,611 locally acquired cases and 62 imported cases. Of the 62 imported cases, there were three foreigners and 59 repatriated citizens. − In the current outbreaks, as of 20 June 2021, there have been 9,943 locally acquired COVID-19 cases including 163 health care workers (HCW) reported from 42 cities and provinces across the country. Twenty-four (31) deaths (PFC 0.3%) have been reported. − Five cities/provinces reported highest number of cases include Bac Giang (5,406); HCMC (1,618); Bac Ninh (1,525); Ha Noi (263); and Da Nang (191). -
Flood Control for the Red River [Vietnam]
Total Disaster Risk Management - Good Practices - Chapter 3 Vietnam Flood Control for the Red River The Red River, the Delta and Floods The history of the development of Vietnamese civilizations is closely linked to the Red River (Hong River) Delta. As the second largest granary of Vietnam, the Delta holds a significant meaning in the life of the Vietnamese people. This is where approximately 15–20 % of Vietnam’s rice is produced. A population of 17 million now inhabits the 16,500-km2 area of the Red River Delta. The catchment area of the Red River is estimated at 169,000 km2, half of which lies in China. The Red River at Hanoi comprises three major tributary systems, the Da, Thao and Lo Rivers. The river is the source of various positive aspects for human life, such as water resources and rich alluvium (it is called the Red River as the large amount of alluvium it carries colors it red all year round). However, these go hand in hand with a much less expected occurrence: floods. Increased flash floods as a result of deforestation in the upstream parts of the Red River basin, and raised bed levels of the rivers due to the deposition of sediment, are causing higher flood levels, endangering the ever increasing socio-economic value of the capital. The land in low-lying areas of the river delta is protected against flooding by river dyke systems. According to official historical records, in 1108, King Ly Nhan Tong ordered the construction of the first dyke with solid foundations on a large scale aimed at protecting the capital of Thang Long (now Hanoi). -
India-Laos Relations Based Upon Historical and Civilizational
India-Laos Relations Based upon historical and civilizational foundations and the role played by India as Chairman of the International Commission for Supervision and Control (ICSC) on Indo- China, India and Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) enjoy longstanding, friendly and mutually supportive relations. Lao PDR has been supportive on major issues of regional and international concerns to India, including our claim for permanent membership of the UN Security Council. Political Relations: were established in February 1956. Since then, the following high- level visits between the two countries have added momentum to the relationship: Visits from India Visits from Lao PDR President: 1 Dr. Rajendra Prasad - 1956 Prince Souphanouvong, commonly known as the Red Prince - 1975 2 Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil – Sept. 2010 Mr. Choummaly Sayasone - August 2008 Vice President: 1 Shri Mohammad Hamid Ansari – Sept. 2015 Prime Minister: 1 Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru - 1954 Mr. Thongsing Thammavong – Dec.2012 2 Shri Atal Behari Vajpayee - 2002 3 Dr. Manmohan Singh - 2004 4 Shri Narendra Modi – Sept. 2016 Institutional consultative mechanisms include FOCs (the 2nd FOC was held in New Delhi on 10 August, 2015) and JCM (the 8th JCM was held in New Delhi on 10 August, 2015). Shir N. Biren Singh, Chief Minister of Manipur and Shri Chowna Mein, Deputy Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh with their respective delegations visited Laos from August 6-8, 2017. Their visits were a visible symbol of India’s Act East Policy and they participated in events commemorating the 25th Anniversary of India-ASEAN Dialogue Partnership. A Conference was organized by this Mission and ASEAN-India Business Council(AIBC) on August 7, 2017 in which the CM and Deputy CM participated. -
The Kunming-Vientiane Railway: the Economic, Procurement, Labor, and Safeguards Dimensions of a Chinese Belt and Road Project
The Kunming-Vientiane Railway: The Economic, Procurement, Labor, and Safeguards Dimensions of a Chinese Belt and Road Project Scott Morris Abstract The Kunming-Vientiane (K-V) railway, part of the Kunming-Singapore multi-country rail network (or “Pan-Asia Railway”), is an anchor investment of the Chinese government’s Belt and Road initiative (BRI). This case study will assess the rail project along four dimensions: economic implications; procurement arrangements; labor; and environmental and social safeguards. In each of these areas, evidence from the railway project suggests that Chinese policy and practice could be better aligned with the practices of other sources of multilateral and bilateral development finance. Where the project’s standards are broadly aligned, at least in principle, there is nonetheless reason to believe that China’s approach carries heightened risks given the overall scale of financing. These risks hold for China’s global program of official finance, which has made the country the largest source of official credit in the world. In this regard, BRI policymakers should consider a more rigorous set of “best practices” that align Chinese official finance with leading multilateral standards, even if these practices don’t currently characterize many other Center for Global Development bilateral lenders. Such an approach would be consistent with the multilateral vision for BRI 2055 L Street NW espoused by Chinese officials and reflected in the framework of the annual Belt and Road Fifth Floor Forum for International Cooperation. This study considers what a stronger set of standards Washington DC 20036 would look like in the context of the four areas of focus. -
Law and Development Colloquium
Law and Development Colloquium Discussion Paper “Mediating Land Grabs in East Asia: Negotiating In, Around, and Outside the Law” John Gillespie Monash University March 2017 Abstract The role intermediaries play in resolving land-taking disputes in socialist Asia has rarely been studied, but this inquiry is critical to understanding alternatives to court- based dispute resolution. This paper explores how intermediaries, such as retired state officials, navigate in and around authoritarian regimes to resolve complex disputes that pit citizens against the state. Empirical studies based on in-depth interviews show how intermediaries bridge conceptual differences, reduce the emotional temperature, and promote the search for common ground and consensus. The findings compel researchers to consider intermediaries as alternatives to state-sponsored disputed resolution in authoritarian states. Introduction Land-taking disputes are increasing in Socialist Asia as economic and demographic growth intensifies the demand for farmland and urban spaces (Hsing 2010:33–59; Lê Hiếu 2010). Reforms that brought China and Vietnam into the globalized economy and returned private property have also sparked intense competition between farmers, government agencies, and private developers. Industrial parks, transport infrastructure, dams, and new residential developments are encroaching on farmland, dispossessing millions of farmers.1 The state is increasingly using compulsory acquisition powers to clear land for development. Like their predecessors throughout history, Chinese and Vietnamese farmers do not always leave quietly, and without access to effective formal redress, are engaging in violent clashes with government authorities. The resolution of these land-taking disputes is a pressing social issue. This paper explores how retired state officials and other intermediaries have leveraged their political and relational connections to resolve complex land taking-cases. -
JOHN DO Interviewer
VAOHP#### 1 Vietnamese American Oral History Project, UC Irvine Narrator: JOHN DO Interviewer: Bob Nguyen Date: January 1, 2017 Location: Westminster, California Sub-collection: Vietnamese American Experience Course, Spring 2017 Length of interview: 01:45:50 ABSTRACT An oral history with Mr. John Do, born in 1930 in Saigon, Vietnam. He was an officer in the South Vietnam military and served his country from 1950-1975. After the collapse of South Vietnam, he was imprisoned for 10 years in various reeducation camps and was released in 1985. He discussed his memories of South Vietnam before 1975 and his experiences in reeducation camp. He also discussed how his family left Vietnam through the Orderly Departure Program in 1992 due to his time in reeducation camp. After coming to the United States, he became a machinist in an oil refinery and retired at the age of 70. He has 5 children and lives in Westminster, California with his wife. ABSTRACT (another sample) Oral history of Mr. Nguyen Dinh Cuong (or Cuong Dinh Nguyen, western-style) who was born in Hanoi in 1942. His family migrated to Dalat after the Geneva Conference partitioned Vietnam into north and south. Most of his education was attained in Dalat. He became a teacher and met his wife, also a teacher, at a school where he taught. They had a son in 1975 and fled Vietnam by boat in 1977, arriving in a make-shift refugee camp in Taman Muara, Malaysia. They were resettled to Los Angeles County, California where he had a brother already there. He continued his schooling and became a civil engineer, added one more child (daughter) to the family, and settled in Cerritos, California. -
List of Participants
Distr.: General 28 August 2020 English only Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific Committee on Statistics Seventh session Bangkok, 26-28 August 2020 List of participants Members Armenia Mr. Stepan Mnatsakanyan, President, Statistical Committee of Republic of Armenia, Yerevan Ms. Anahit Safyan, Statistical Committee of Republic of Armenia, Yerevan Australia Mr. Paul Stephens, Deputy Head of Mission and Permanent Representative to ESCAP, Australian Embassy, Bangkok Mr. Christopher Cullen, Deputy Permanent Representative to ESCAP, Political and Economic Section, Australian Embassy, Bangkok Mr. Branko Vitas, Program Manager, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Embassy, Australia Azerbaijan Mr. Yusif Yusifov, Deputy Chairman, State Statistical Committee, Baku Mr. Rauf Aliyev, Deputy Head of Services Statistics Department, State Statistical Committee, Baku Mr. Arif Ibishov, Department of Sustainable Development Statistics, State Statistical Committee, Baku Ms. Arzu Taghiyeva, Leading Adviser, Department of Sustainable Development Statistics, State Statistical Committee, Baku Ms. Tazagul Majidova, Leading Adviser of the Department of Information Technologies, State Statistical Committee, Baku Bangladesh Mr. Syed Rashedul Hossen, Economic Counsellor & Alternate Permanent Representative of Bangladesh to ESCAP, Embassy of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, Bangkok Ms. Nur Jahan, Deputy Secretary, Statistics and Informatics Division, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka Mr. Md Emdadul Haque, Director, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Statistics Division, Dhaka Mr. Mohammad Junayed Bhuyan, Statistical Officer, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Dhaka Bhutan Mr. Chhime, Tshering, Director, National Statistics Bureau, Thimphu Brunei Darussalam Ms. Nur Amani Haziqah Abdullah Yawang, Acting Director, Department of Statistics, Department of Economic Planning and Statistics, Ministry of Finance and Economy, Bandar Seri Begawan Mr. Md Adib Bahzi Majid, Statistics Officer, Department of Economic Planning and Statistics, Bandar Seri Begawan Ms. -
HARDSHIP CLASSIFICATION Consolidated List of Entitlements Circular
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION HARDSHIP CLASSIFICATION Consolidated List of Entitlements Circular ICSC/CIRC/HC/25 Approved By: Mr. Larbi Djacta, Chairman Date: 16 December 2019 Additional important information from ICSC Chairman Copyright © United Nations 2017 United Nations International Civil Service Commission (HRPD) Consolidated list of entitlements - Effective 1 January 2020 Country/Area Name Duty Station Review Date Eff. Date Class Duty Station ID AFGHANISTAN Bamyan 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG002 AFGHANISTAN Faizabad 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG003 AFGHANISTAN Gardez 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG018 AFGHANISTAN Herat 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG007 AFGHANISTAN Jalalabad 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG008 AFGHANISTAN Kabul 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG001 AFGHANISTAN Kandahar 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG009 AFGHANISTAN Khowst 01/Jan/2019 01/Jan/2019 E AFG010 AFGHANISTAN Kunduz 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG020 AFGHANISTAN Maymana (Faryab) 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG017 AFGHANISTAN Mazar-I-Sharif 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG011 AFGHANISTAN Pul-i-Kumri 01/Jan/2020 01/Jan/2020 E AFG032 ALBANIA Tirana 01/Jan/2019 01/Jan/2019 A ALB001 ALGERIA Algiers 01/Jan/2018 01/Jan/2018 B ALG001 ALGERIA Tindouf 01/Jan/2018 01/Jan/2018 E ALG015 ALGERIA Tlemcen 01/Jul/2018 01/Jul/2018 C ALG037 ANGOLA Dundo 01/Jul/2018 01/Jul/2018 D ANG047 ANGOLA Luanda 01/Jul/2018 01/Jan/2018 B ANG001 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA St. Johns 01/Jan/2019 01/Jan/2019 A ANT010 ARGENTINA Buenos Aires 01/Jan/2019 01/Jan/2019 A ARG001 ARMENIA Yerevan 01/Jan/2019 01/Jan/2019