DOCSLIB.ORG

On the Future of the Giant South American River Turtle Podocnemis Expansa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
On the Future of the Giant South American River Turtle Podocnemis Expansa On the future of the giant South American river turtle Podocnemis expansa G ERMAN F ORERO-MEDINA,CAMILA R. FERRARA,RICHARD C. VOGT C AMILA K. FAGUNDES,RAFAEL A NTÔNIO M. BALESTRA,PAULO C. M. ANDRADE R OBERTO L ACAVA,RAFAEL B ERNHARD,ALISON J. LIPMAN,ANA J ULIA L ENZ A RNALDO F ERRER,ARSENIO C ALLE,ANDRES F. APONTE B AYRON R. CALLE-RENDÓN,CÁSSIA S ANTOS C AMILO,ELIS P ERRONE E STEBAN M IRAÑA,FABIO A. G. CUNHA,EVA L OJA,JENNIFER D EL R IO J ORGE L UIZ V ERA F ERNANDEZ,OMAR E. HERMÁNDEZ,RAFAEL D EL A GUILA R AFAEL P INO,RUBEN C UEVA,SINDY M ARTINEZ V IRGÍNIA C AMPOS D INIZ B ERNARDES,LILA S AINZ and B RIAN D. HORNE Abstract There is a long history of exploitation of the South we found no evidence of human pressure on current turtle American river turtle Podocnemis expansa. Conservation abundance patterns. It is presently not possible to estimate efforts for this species started in the s but best practices the global population trend because the species is not moni- were not established, and population trends and the number tored continuously across the Amazon basin. The number of of nesting females protected remained unknown. In we females is increasing at some localities and decreasing at others. formed a working group to discuss conservation strategies However, the current size of the protected population is well and to compile population data across the species’ range. We below the historical population size estimated from past levels analysed the spatial pattern of its abundance in relation to of human consumption, which demonstrates the need for con- human and natural factors using multiple regression analyses. certed global conservation action. The data and management We found that . conservation programmes are protecting recommendations compiled here provide the basis for a region- , nesting females, primarily in Brazil. The top six sites al monitoring programme among South American countries. harbour . , females and should be prioritized for Keywords Amazon basin, conservation, freshwater turtles, conservation action. Abundance declines with latitude and giant South American river turtle, head-starting, manage- ment, monitoring, Podocnemis expansa GERMAN FORERO-MEDINA (Corresponding author) Wildlife Conservation Society/Turtle Survival Alliance, Avenida 5N # 22-11, Cali, Colombia † E-mail [email protected] BAYRON R. CALLE-RENDÓN and ESTEBAN MIRAÑA Parque Nacional Natural Cahuinarí, Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia, Leticia, Colombia CAMILA R. FERRARA and CAMILA K. FAGUNDES Wildlife Conservation Society, Manaus, Brazil CÁSSIA SANTOS CAMILO* Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Tefé, Brazil ELIS PERRONE ( orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-3928) Programa de Pós- RICHARD C. VOGT,VIRGÍNIA CAMPOS DINIZ BERNARDES and FABIO A. G. CUNHA Associação de Ictiólogos e Herpetólogos da Amazônia, Instituto Nacional de Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil Macapa, Brazil EVA LOJA Servicio Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Reserva Nacional RAFAEL ANTÔNIO M. BALESTRA Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Pacaya Samiria, Lima, Perú Anfíbios, Goiânia, Brazil JENNIFER DEL RIO Fundación Pedregoza, Bogotá, Colombia PAULO C. M. ANDRADE Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Projeto Pé-de- JORGE LUIZ VERA FERNANDEZ Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Quito, Ecuador Pincha, Manaus, Brazil OMAR E. HERMÁNDEZ Fundación para el Desarrollo de Ciencias Físicas, ROBERTO LACAVA Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Matemáticas y Naturales, Caracas, Venezuela Renováveis, Brasília, Brazil RAFAEL DEL AGUILA ECOPURUS, Pucalpa, Peru RAFAEL BERNHARD Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Tefé, Brazil RAFAEL PINO Servicio Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Reserva Comunal ALISON J. LIPMAN Selva International/UCLA, Los Angeles, USA de Purús, Lima, Peru ANA JULIA LENZ Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Tefé, Brazil RUBEN CUEVA Wildlife Conservation Society, Quito, Ecuador ARNALDO FERRER Fundacion la Salle, Caracas, Venezuela SINDY MARTINEZ Fundación Omacha, Bogotá, Colombia ARSENIO CALLE Servicio Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Parque LILA SAINZ World Wildlife Fund, La Paz, Bolivia Nacional Alto Purús, Lima, Perú BRIAN D. HORNE Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, USA ANDRES F. APONTE Fundación Biodiversa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia Received April . Revision requested July . *Also at: University of Florida, Gainesville, USA Accepted November . First published online June . †Also at: Asociación PANI, Rio Caquetá, Colombia This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, Downloadeddistribution, from https://www.cambridge.org/core and reproduction in any medium,. IP address: provided 170.106.203.34 the original work, on is 05 properly Oct 2021 cited. at 09:08:33, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/termsOryx, 2021, 55(1), 73–80 © 2019. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605318001370 Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605318001370 74 G. Forero-Medina et al. Supplementary material for this article is available at and s, ,–, adult P. expansa were consumed https://doi.org/./S annually by low-income rural communities (Peres, ). In the city of Tapauá in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, with a human population of no more than ,, an esti- mated tonnes (, turtles, all species) were consumed – Introduction per year during (Pantoja-Lima et al., ). Many communities, biologists and governmental orga- reshwater turtles play important roles in ecosystems nizations have implemented conservation activities for Fthrough their large standing crop biomass, high second- P. expansa, with the first attempts to manage and protect ary productivity, and contribution to energy flow within and the species in situ starting in the s. These initiatives between ecosystems (Lovich et al., ). They are also an have grown in number over the years, and at least one important food resource for human riverine communities river turtle conservation programme can be found in (Vogt, ), but overexploitation has diminished their po- every country across the species’ range. The projects’ main pulations. Neotropical river turtles of the genus Podocnemis objective is to protect nesting beaches, with the aim of redu- are no exception, with all species considered threatened cing egg and hatchling mortality, but few have invested in (Turtle Taxonomy Working Group, ). In particular, monitoring to evaluate the effectiveness of their actions. there is an extensive history of exploitation of the Giant As a result, only few long-term population studies have South American river turtle Podocnemis expansa (Bates, been published for the giant river turtle (Hernández & ;Smith,). The species occurs over a vast area in Espin, ; Mogollones et al., ; Peñaloza et al., ; the Orinoco and Amazon Rivers across eight countries Portelinha et al., ). However, the high number of exist- (Vogt, ). When humans settled along these rivers, turtles ing conservation projects represents an opportunity for became a valuable source of food and income. Although building collaborations, learning from successes and fail- Indigenous Peoples had used turtles in the Amazon as a ures, monitoring the species across its range, understanding source of protein for a long time, large-scale commercializa- global trends, and raising funds to address threats. In this tion of turtles and their eggs began only after the arrival of context, researchers and conservationists working in the Europeans (Bates, ;Smith,;Vogt,). The unsus- Amazon gathered in , for the first time, to share their tainable harvest of eggs and meat has resulted in depleted approaches and discuss best practices for the species’ populations across the species’ range (Bates, ;Klemens conservation. The data shared by the group enabled the & Thorbjarnarson, ). Podocnemis expansa is currently first assessment of conservation projects and the first categorized as Lower Risk/Conservation Dependent on the estimation of the global number of reproductive females IUCN Red List (Tortoise & Freshwater Specialist Group, under protection or management. Here we present the ), but categorization as Critically Endangered has been re- results of this assessment and analyse the current abun- commended by the Turtle Taxonomy Working Group (). dance patterns of the species. We also make management In the regions of the upper Amazon, Solimões and recommendations regarding beach protection, population Madeira Rivers in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, during monitoring, and head-starting, the practice of rearing –, million eggs and the fat from adult turtles hatchlings in captivity during their early months to a were rendered for lighting the streets of Manaus and for size that makes them less vulnerable to natural predation cooking oil, much of which was sent to Europe (Bates, (Moll & Moll, ; Burke, ). ; Smith, ). In Peru, Paul Marcoy () recorded that the Indigenous People from the Ucayali River could capture up to , turtles in one night, of which c. Methods were consumed or traded with European missionaries, and the remaining turtles were killed to extract their fat and Nesting females under protection and population trends eggs. Another example comes from the Middle Orinoco River in Venezuela, where the population dropped from
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Testudines: Pelomedusidae: Pelusios and Pelomedusa)
    Zoologica Scripta Molecular phylogeny of African hinged and helmeted terrapins (Testudines: Pelomedusidae: Pelusios and Pelomedusa) UWE FRITZ,WILLIAM R. BRANCH,MARGARETHA D. HOFMEYR,JE´ ROˆ ME MARAN,HYNEK PROKOP, ALFRED SCHLEICHER,PAVEL Sˇ IROKY´ ,HEIKO STUCKAS,MARIO VARGAS-RAMI´REZ,MIGUEL VENCES & ANNA K. HUNDSDO¨ RFER Submitted: 15 August 2010 Fritz, U., Branch, W. R., Hofmeyr, M. D., Maran, J., Prokop, H., Schleicher, A., Sˇ iroky´, Accepted: 22 October 2010 P., Stuckas, H., Vargas-Ramı´rez, M., Vences, M. & Hundsdo¨rfer, A. K. (2010). Molecular doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00464.x phylogeny of African hinged and helmeted terrapins (Testudines: Pelomedusidae: Pelusios and Pelomedusa). — Zoologica Scripta, 00, 000–000. With 18 currently recognised species, Pelusios is one of the most speciose chelonian genera worldwide, even though the taxonomy of some species is contentious. Recent investigations suggested that the closely related, but morphologically distinct genus Pelomedusa is para- phyletic with respect to Pelusios, and that Pelomedusa consists of nine deeply divergent lin- eages. Using three mitochondrial and three nuclear DNA fragments (2054 bp mtDNA, 2025 bp nDNA), we examined for the first time the phylogeny of Pelusios by molecular means. Our analyses included all Pelusios species, except the probably extinct P. seychellensis, as well as the nine Pelomedusa lineages. The results showed that Pelusios and Pelomedusa are reciprocally monophyletic. Limited sampling of Pelusios species and homoplasy introduced by remote outgroups most likely explain the paraphyly of Pelomedusa in previous studies. The distinctiveness of most Pelusios species was confirmed, but none of the currently recognised species groups within Pelusios was monophyletic.
    [Show full text]
  • Manual for the Differentiation of Captive-Produced and Wild-Caught Turtles and Tortoises (Testudines)
    Image: Peter Paul van Dijk Image:Henrik Bringsøe Image: Henrik Bringsøe Image: Andrei Daniel Mihalca Image: Beate Pfau MANUAL F O R T H E DIFFERENTIATION OF CAPTIVE-PRODUCED AND WILD-CAUGHT TURTLES AND TORTOISES (TESTUDINES) PREPARED BY SPECIES360 UNDER CONTRACT FOR THE CITES SECRETARIAT Manual for the differentiation of captive-produced and wild-caught turtles and tortoises (Testudines) This document was prepared by Species360 under contract for the CITES Secretariat. Principal Investigators: Prof. Dalia A. Conde, Ph.D. and Johanna Staerk, Ph.D., Species360 Conservation Science Alliance, https://www.species360.orG Authors: Johanna Staerk1,2, A. Rita da Silva1,2, Lionel Jouvet 1,2, Peter Paul van Dijk3,4,5, Beate Pfau5, Ioanna Alexiadou1,2 and Dalia A. Conde 1,2 Affiliations: 1 Species360 Conservation Science Alliance, www.species360.orG,2 Center on Population Dynamics (CPop), Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark, 3 The Turtle Conservancy, www.turtleconservancy.orG , 4 Global Wildlife Conservation, globalwildlife.orG , 5 IUCN SSC Tortoise & Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group, www.iucn-tftsG.org. 6 Deutsche Gesellschaft für HerpetoloGie und Terrarienkunde (DGHT) Images (title page): First row, left: Mixed species shipment (imaGe taken by Peter Paul van Dijk) First row, riGht: Wild Testudo marginata from Greece with damaGe of the plastron (imaGe taken by Henrik BrinGsøe) Second row, left: Wild Testudo marginata from Greece with minor damaGe of the carapace (imaGe taken by Henrik BrinGsøe) Second row, middle: Ticks on tortoise shell (Amblyomma sp. in Geochelone pardalis) (imaGe taken by Andrei Daniel Mihalca) Second row, riGht: Testudo graeca with doG bite marks (imaGe taken by Beate Pfau) Acknowledgements: The development of this manual would not have been possible without the help, support and guidance of many people.
    [Show full text]
  • Turtles #1 Among All Species in Race to Extinction
    Turtles #1 among all Species in Race to Extinction Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation and Colleagues Ramp Up Awareness Efforts After Top 25+ Turtles in Trouble Report Published Washington, DC (February 24, 2011)―Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation (PARC), an Top 25 Most Endangered Tortoises and inclusive partnership dedicated to the conservation of Freshwater Turtles at Extremely High Risk the herpetofauna--reptiles and amphibians--and their of Extinction habitats, is calling for more education about turtle Arranged in general and approximate conservation after the Turtle Conservation Coalition descending order of extinction risk announced this week their Top 25+ Turtles in Trouble 1. Pinta/Abingdon Island Giant Tortoise report. PARC initiated a year-long awareness 2. Red River/Yangtze Giant Softshell Turtle campaign to drive attention to the plight of turtles, now the fastest disappearing species group on the planet. 3. Yunnan Box Turtle 4. Northern River Terrapin 5. Burmese Roofed Turtle Trouble for Turtles 6. Zhou’s Box Turtle The Turtle Conservation Coalition has highlighted the 7. McCord’s Box Turtle Top 25 most endangered turtle and tortoise species 8. Yellow-headed Box Turtle every four years since 2003. This year the list included 9. Chinese Three-striped Box Turtle/Golden more species than previous years, expanding the list Coin Turtle from a Top 25 to Top 25+. According to the report, 10. Ploughshare Tortoise/Angonoka between 48 and 54% of all turtles and tortoises are 11. Burmese Star Tortoise considered threatened, an estimate confirmed by the 12. Roti Island/Timor Snake-necked Turtle Red List of the International Union for the 13.
    [Show full text]
  • Demographic Consequences of Superabundance in Krefft's River
    i The comparative ecology of Krefft’s River Turtle Emydura krefftii in Tropical North Queensland. By Dane F. Trembath B.Sc. (Zoology) Applied Ecology Research Group University of Canberra ACT, 2601 Australia A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Masters of Applied Science (Resource Management). August 2005. ii Abstract An ecological study was undertaken on four populations of Krefft’s River Turtle Emydura krefftii inhabiting the Townsville Area of Tropical North Queensland. Two sites were located in the Ross River, which runs through the urban areas of Townsville, and two sites were in rural areas at Alligator Creek and Stuart Creek (known as the Townsville Creeks). Earlier studies of the populations in Ross River had determined that the turtles existed at an exceptionally high density, that is, they were superabundant, and so the Townsville Creek sites were chosen as low abundance sites for comparison. The first aim of this study was to determine if there had been any demographic consequences caused by the abundance of turtle populations of the Ross River. Secondly, the project aimed to determine if the impoundments in the Ross River had affected the freshwater turtle fauna. Specifically this study aimed to determine if there were any difference between the growth, size at maturity, sexual dimorphism, size distribution, and diet of Emydura krefftii inhabiting two very different populations. A mark-recapture program estimated the turtle population sizes at between 490 and 5350 turtles per hectare. Most populations exhibited a predominant female sex-bias over the sampling period. Growth rates were rapid in juveniles but slowed once sexual maturity was attained; in males, growth basically stopped at maturity, but in females, growth continued post-maturity, although at a slower rate.
    [Show full text]
  • Iucn Red Data List Information on Species Listed On, and Covered by Cms Appendices
    UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC4/Doc.8/Rev.1/Annex 1 ANNEX 1 IUCN RED DATA LIST INFORMATION ON SPECIES LISTED ON, AND COVERED BY CMS APPENDICES Content General Information ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Species in Appendix I ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Mammalia ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Aves ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Reptilia ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Pisces .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Conservación Y Tráfico De La Tortuga Matamata, Chelus Fimbriata
    Lasso et al. Conservación y tráfico de la tortuga matamata, Chelus fimbriata (Schneider, 1783) en Colombia: un ejemplo del trabajo conjunto entre el Sistema Nacional Ambiental, ONG y academia Conservación y tráfico de la tortuga matamata, Chelus fimbriata (Schneider, 1783) en Colombia: un ejemplo del trabajo conjunto entre el Sistema Nacional Ambiental, ONG y academia Conservation and trafficking of the Matamata Turtle, Chelus fimbriata (Schneider, 1783) in Colombia: an example of joint efforts of the National Environmental System, one NGO, and academia Carlos A. Lasso, Fernando Trujillo, Monica A. Morales-Betancourt, Laura Amaya, Susana Caballero y Beiker Castañeda Resumen Se presentan los resultados de una iniciativa interinstitucional (Corpoamazonia, Corporinoquia, Instituto Humboldt, Universidad de Los Andes y Fundación Omacha), donde se verificó, con herramientas moleculares, que varios lotes de tortugas matamata (Chelus fimbriata) decomisadas en la ciudad de Leticia, departamento del Amazonas, Colombia, correspondían a ejemplares capturados en la Orinoquia y cuyo destino final era aparentemente Perú, como parte de una red de tráfico de fauna. Basados en este hallazgo, 2 corporaciones liberaron 400 individuos neonatos en el en el río Bita y la Reserva Natural Privada Bojonawi en el departamento del Vichada, Orinoquia colombiana. Se evidencia el tráfico de esta especie probablemente hacia Perú, donde la comercialización de tortugas es legal. Se recomienda el uso de protocolos de identificación genética para determinar y controlar la procedencia geográfica de tortugas decomisadas a futuro, como paso previo y necesario para su liberación. Palabras clave. Amazonas. Identificación molecular. Liberación de especies. Orinoquia. Tráfico de especies. Abstract We present the results of an interinstitutional initiative that verified the provenance of several groups of the Matamata Turtle (Chelus fimbriata), confiscated in the city of Leticia, department of Amazonas, Colombia, with molecular tools.
    [Show full text]
  • Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S
    Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4—An Update April 2013 Prepared by: Pam L. Fuller, Amy J. Benson, and Matthew J. Cannister U.S. Geological Survey Southeast Ecological Science Center Gainesville, Florida Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia Cover Photos: Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix – Auburn University Giant Applesnail, Pomacea maculata – David Knott Straightedge Crayfish, Procambarus hayi – U.S. Forest Service i Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ vi INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Overview of Region 4 Introductions Since 2000 ....................................................................................... 1 Format of Species Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 2 Explanation of Maps ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ve-Nr-01-Es.Pdf
    MINISTERIO DEL AMBIENTE Y DE LOS RECURSOS NATURALES En el mes de junio de 1992, en el marco de la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, Venezuela suscribió el Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica, el cual fue ratificado por el entonces Congreso de la República en el año 1994 por lo que es una ley aprobatoria. La aplicación de este Convenio significó un cambio conceptual al reconocer a los Estados sus derechos soberanos sobre los recursos biológicos, y al declarar la conservación de la diversidad biológica como patrimonio de la humanidad e impuso a las Partes contratantes un conjunto de obligaciones entre las que se encuentra la elaboración del “Informe de País” que hoy presentamos ante la Conferencia de las Partes. En este sentido, y atendiendo los lineamientos establecidos sobre el contenido y presentación del informe, se ha preparado un documento que incluye un estudio sobre la magnitud de la diversidad biológica presente en el país, que lo hace uno de los diez primeros países megadiversos del planeta condición que nos obliga en el conocimiento, conservación y uso sustentable de tan valioso recurso para el futuro de la humanidad. Consideramos importante resaltar que en la recién promulgada Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela se establece como una obligación de Estado la conservación y defensa de la Diversidad Biológica y a demás se reconoce el valor de los conocimientos ancestrales que poseen las comunidades indígenas, sobre la biodiversidad presente en las tierras que ocupan por lo que tendrán derecho a obtener beneficios derivados de la utilización de sus conocimientos tradicionales.
    [Show full text]
  • Quelônios Amazônicos
    Manejo Conservacionista e Monitoramento Populacional de Quelônios Amazônicos Ministério do Meio Ambiente Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis Diretoria de Uso Sustentável de Biodiversidade e Florestas Coordenação de Fauna Silvestre Manejo Conservacionista e Monitoramento Populacional de Quelônios Amazônicos Brasília, 2016 Manejo conservacionista e monitoramento populacional de quelônios amazônicos MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE COORDENAÇÃO-GERAL DE AUTORIZAÇÃO DE USO E GESTÃO DE FAUNA E RECURSOS José Sarney Filho PESQUEIROS João Pessoa Riograndense Moreira Júnior SECRETARIA DE BIODIVERSIDADE E FLORESTAS José Pedro de Oliveira Costa COORDENAÇÃO DE FAUNA SILVESTRE Iria de Souza Pinto DEPARTAMENTO DE CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE INSTITUTO CHICO MENDES DE CONSERVAÇÃO Ugo Eichler Vercillo DA BIODIVERSIDADE Rômulo Mello INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DO MEIO AMBIENTE E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS RENOVÁVEIS DIRETORIA DE PESQUISA, AVALIAÇÃO E MONITORAMENTO DA BIODIVERSIDADE Suely Mara Vaz Guimarães de Aráujo Marcelo Marcelino de Oliveira DIRETORIA DE USO SUSTENTÁVEL DA COORDENAÇÃO-GERAL DE MANEJO PARA BIODIVERSIDADE E FLORESTAS CONSERVAÇÃO Ana Alice Biedzicki de Marques Rosana Junqueira Subirá CENTRO NACIONAL DE PESQUISA E CONSERVA- ÇÃO DE RÉPTEIS E ANFÍBIOS Vera Lúcia Ferreira Luz 2 Ministério do Meio Ambiente Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis Diretoria de Uso Sustentável de Biodiversidade e Florestas Coordenação de Fauna Silvestre Manejo Conservacionista e Monitoramento Populacional de Quelônios Amazônicos Brasília, 2016 Manejo conservacionista e monitoramento populacional de quelônios amazônicos ORGANIZADOR FOTOS GENTILMENTE CEDIDAS Rafael Antônio Machado Balestra Acervo Técnico do RAN Acervo Técnico do Projeto Pé-de-Pincha REVISORES TÉCNICOS Acervo Técnico do INPA Camila Rudge Ferrara Acervo Técnico do Programa Quelônios da Amazônia José Roberto Moreira Ana Paula Gomes Lustosa Rafael Antônio Machado Balestra Camila Rudge Ferrara Rafael Bernhard José Roberto Moreira Richard C.
    [Show full text]
  • Refractometry As an Alternative to the Biuret Method for Measuring Total Serum Proteins in Podocnemis Expansa (Podocnemididae) and Phrynops Geoffroanus (Chelidae)
    ACTA AMAZONICA http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201601383 Refractometry as an alternative to the biuret method for measuring total serum proteins in Podocnemis expansa (Podocnemididae) and Phrynops geoffroanus (Chelidae) Lourdes Marina Bezerra PESSOA1*, Maíra Gonçalves da Mota LIMA1, Filipe Tavares CARNEIRO1, Nathalia Salgado ZANANI1, Marcela Corrêa SCALON1, Thamiris Figueiredo SILVA1, Mariana Accioly LIMA1, Maia Araújo ABRAHIM1, Giane Regina PALUDO1 1 University of Brasilia, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Federal District, Brazil. * Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Total serum protein is a significant indicator of health condition in animals. The aim of this study was to analyze the precision of the portable refractometer in determining the concentration of total serum proteins in Podocnemis expansa and Phrynops geoffroanus. A total of 26 animals were used. The blood samples were collected from the supraoccipital sinus and stored in tubes without anticoagulant. Total serum protein was determined using both the biuret reaction and refractometry. The total serum protein mean concentration (g dL-1) with biuret method and refractometry for P. expansa were 3.16 and 3.2; and for P. geoffroanus were 3.56 and 2.72, respectively. These results indicate that total serum protein values can be determined with precision in P. expansa and P. geoffroanus using a portable refractometer. KEYWORDS: biuret method, refractometry, Podocnemis expansa, Phrynops geoffroanus. Refratometria como alternativa ao método do biureto para mensuração de proteínas séricas totais em Podocnemis expansa e Phrynops geoffroanus (Podocnemididae, Chelidae) RESUMO A proteína sérica total é um indicador significativo do estado de saúde em animais. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a precisão do refratômetro portátil para determinar a concentração de proteínas séricas totais em Podocnemis expansa e Phrynops geoffroanus.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Subspecies of Chelodina Mccordi (Testudines: Chelidae) from Eastern Rote Island, Indonesia
    A New Subspecies of Chelodina mccordi (Testudines: Chelidae) from Eastern Rote Island, Indonesia By William P. McCord1, Mehdi Joseph-Ouni2, and Cris Hagen3 1East Fishkill Animal Hospital, Hopewell Junction, NY 12533, USA. 2EO Wildlife & Wilderness Conservation, Brooklyn, NY 11228, USA. 3Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29802, USA. Abstract. A recent field trip to Rote (Pulau Rote; Roti) Island involving these authors has confirmed that two morphologically distinct forms of Chelodina exist there; leading here to a formal description and diagnosis of Chelodina mccordi roteensis ssp. nov. from eastern Rote Island, Indonesia. Our morphological and phenotypic analysis differentiates this new subspecies from the conspecific nominotypical form. Key words: Turtle, Pleurodira, chelid, Chelodina mccordi, Rote Island, Indonesia. Extant species of side-necked turtles narrow parietal crests, relatively more robust heads (Pleurodira Cope, 1864) are assigned to three (for subgeneric group A) and shells, and an overall families: Chelidae Gray, 1825, Podocnemidae brown coloration. Cope, 1868, and Pelomedusidae Cope, 1868. Chelodina mccordi was once well distributed Within the family Chelidae, the genus throughout the lakes and swamps of Rote Island Chelodina Fitzinger, 1826, includes species of snake- or (SALIM and YUWONO, pers. obs.). In the seasonal long-necked turtles. Historically (GOODE, 1967; BUR- lakes of the Central Plateau region, which may have BIDGE et al., 1974) and recently (GEORGES et al., been a zone of intergradation between eastern and 2002), Chelodina has been designated as comprising first western populations, C. mccordi has experienced near two, then three subgeneric groups: A (= Chelodina), B complete extirpation. In the past 20 years population (= Macrochelodina Wells and Wellington, 1985), and C numbers have been diminished to near extinction by (unnamed, containing only Chelodina oblonga Gray, both the pet trade and mismanaged agricultural prac- 1841, = Chelodina colliei Gray, 1856).
    [Show full text]
  • WILDLIFE TRADE in AMAZON COUNTRIES: an ANALYSIS of TRADE in CITES-LISTED SPECIES Note by the Executive Secretary 1
    CBD Distr. GENERAL CBD/SBSTTA/21/INF/8 17 November 2017 ENGLISH ONLY SUBSIDIARY BODY ON SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVICE Twenty-first meeting Montreal, Canada, 11-14 December 2017 Item 4 of the provisional agenda* WILDLIFE TRADE IN AMAZON COUNTRIES: AN ANALYSIS OF TRADE IN CITES-LISTED SPECIES Note by the Executive Secretary 1. The Executive Secretary is circulating herewith, for the information of participants in the twenty-first meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice, a report presenting a comprehensive overview of international trade in wildlife species listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in the Amazon countries: Bolivia; Brazil; Colombia; Ecuador; Guyana; Peru; Suriname; and Venezuela. The analysis provides a baseline of information on trade levels and trends in these countries for the 10-year period 2005-2014, in order to inform trade management in the region. It has been produced in close collaboration with national experts, presenting contextual information and insights into the management of wildlife trade in the region. 2. The report is relevant to the work of the Convention on Biological Diversity, in particular with regard to decision XIII/8, paragraph 5(d), in which the Conference of the Parties requests the Executive Secretary, in collaboration with other members of the Collaborative Partnership on Sustainable Wildlife Management, to continue to support efforts by Parties to combat illicit trafficking in wildlife, in line with United Nations General Assembly resolution 69/314 of 30 July 2015, and to enhance institutional capacities on wildlife conservation and law enforcement with relevant law enforcement bodies, such as the International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime.
    [Show full text]