EV Charging Standards Lonneke Driessen Budapest, November 5Th a Non-Profit Knowledge & Innovation Centre in the Field of (Smart) Charging Infrastructure

EV Charging Standards Lonneke Driessen Budapest, November 5th A non-profit Knowledge & Innovation Centre in the field of (smart) charging infrastructure

Founded in 2009 and funded by the Dutch DSOs and TSO

ElaadNL works on the smooth integration of electric vehicles to the power grid by making full use of renewable energy 2

CO2 emission reduction

Gram per kilometer Diesel / Gasoline Electric Oil production, refinery and transport 27-30 0 Emissions while driving 140-170 0 Production and transport of Electricity 0 9 – 105* Vehicle manufacturing and recycling 46 64 Total 213-246 73 – 169* * 100% Renewable energy vs Regular energy

Source: TNO

www.energyfuse.org Dutch sales figures 2019 (jan-sep) Dutch top selling models 2019 (jan-sep) EV in the Netherlands in perspective

Source: International Energy Agency, edited by Forbes

EV in the Netherlands in perspective

Source: Global EV Outlook, EVI 2018 Charging times

Number of Kilometers range after 1 Charging Power (kW) AC or DC charging hour of charging 7-17 km 1,4 – 3,7 AC (1x6A – 1x16A) 17-55 km 7,4 – 11 AC (1x32A – 3x16A) 110 22 AC (3x32A) 250 50 DC 750 150 DC 1750 350 DC 1.000 – under development DC

Source: TNO

Dutch charging behaviour How long does a session a last? does long How

15 At what time does a charging session start?

Standards in EV charging Standards covering aspects of charging infrastructure

Vehicle side Connectors / inlet Infrastructure side IEC 62196-1 IEC 62196-2 Cables IEC 62196-3 IEC 62893-1 Pr IEC 62196-3-1 Communication IEC 62893-2 (HPC) OCPP 1.6 / 2.0 IEC 63110 (draft)

Central Management System

Grid

Socket and Socket EVSE On board Communication EV- outlets IEC 61851-1 IEC 61851-21-1 (EMC) EVSE IEC 60364-7-717 IEC 62196-1 IEC 61851-23 (DC) ISO 17409 ISO 15118 IEC 61439-7 IEC 62196-2 IEC 61851-24(Com) Chademo IEC 62196-3 IEC 61851-21-2 (EMC) DIN 70121/70122 prIEC 62196-3-1 IEC 62955 (RDC-DD) (HPC) Courtesy of: Communication standards Introduction to the Open Charge Alliance

Through open cooperation and social development ideas and solutions are shared, challenged, improved upon and finally adopted and supported by all.

Open development allows for competition of many players, pushing all parties to be the best they can be.

Open development allows for inclusion of new entrants, bringing ideas, solutions and capabilities from other, perhaps more advanced industries into existing industries. Open standards to enable vendor independence for charging network operators

Charging station Operator

OCPP Open standards enable vendors to offer their products easily to many different Operators

Charging station Charging station Charging station Operator Operator Operator

OCPP OCPP OCPP OCPP is the communication protocol between Back end system and Charging Station

OCPP • Developed following the need of the growing industry and incorporating field experience • Open, patent and royalty free with no cost or licensing barriers

Governed by the Open Charge Alliance • A non-profit organization • Dutch Foundation founded in January 2014 • 150 members currently • Everyone is welcome to join

OCA activities • Development of the OCPP protocol • Development of compliancy testing and certification • Coordination of formal standardization • Promotion of OCPP

2018 OCPP OCPP 1.6 2016 Certification

2015 OCPP1.6 2009 OCPP1.5 2014 Test Tool

Founding of Start of 2010 2012 the Open ElaadNL Charge Alliance OCPP 1.2

The OCPP community

Asia OCPP Europe community OCPP users OCPP downloads North America . 129 countries South America . >50.000 IP addresses 150 OCA Australia & Oceania members Africa

Asia

Europe Utilities OCA members North America OEM OCPP South America developers Universities / Australia & Oceania Research EV Charging Africa Industry OCPP developers ~21 companies actively involved in writing the spec

OCPP 1.5 OCPP 1.6 OCPP 2.0

June 2012 October 2015 April 2018 SOAP SOAP & JSON JSON

60 use cases 116 use cases 24x2 messages 28x2 messages 65x2 messages 42 data types 49 data types 129 data types 15 configuration keys 43 configuration keys 85 configuration keys 260 test cases

+ Improvements + Improvements + Smart Charging + Better documentation + JSON support + More functionalities

Arnhem Dekra Virginia Dekra Korea KSGA The Netherlands

Singapore DNV-GL

OCPP Certification Labs

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026

OCPP1.5 OCPP1.6

OCPP2.0 Market adoption of OCPP2.0 will depend on the need of various markets for the added features

e-Mobility Roaming in Europe An open EV charging infrastructure is key for EV market growth

 It enables EV drivers to charge at as many charging stations as possible, across country borders

 The EV driver will enjoy easy charging everywhere, using just one charging card, app, or universal payment method (debit or credit card, SMS etc.)

 Transparency of prices and services will empower EV drivers to choose where they want to charge, encouraging market players to innovate and keep prices down.

39 Two ways of access to an open charging infrastructure in Europe Ad hoc charging Roaming

 Regular payment methods

 Not using an eMobility Service Provider Europe is a multi player market

Peer to peer roaming Roaming using a platform

Example: Example: Hubject -> OICP OCPI E-Clearing.net -> OCPI and OCHP Gireve -> eMIP and OCPI The European Roaming market is taking shape

Hybrid model

44 Looking forward to working with you!

ElaadNL You can also find us here: Utrechtseweg 310 B42 [email protected] 6812 AR Arnhem www.elaad.nl The Netherlands Twitter @ElaadNL +312 603 120 223 facebook.com/ElaadNL