DOCSLIB.ORG

Mining Industry and Tailings Disposal Status, Environmental Challenges and Gaps of Knowledge

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mining Industry and Tailings Disposal Status, Environmental Challenges and Gaps of Knowledge REPORT M-1335|2019 | 2010/2019 Mining industry and tailings disposal Status, environmental challenges and gaps of knowledge COLOPHON Executive institution Resource group for mining operations Project manager for the contractor Contact person in the Norwegian Environment Agency Jens Skei Harald Sørby M-no Year Pages Contract number 1335|2019 2010/2019 138 KLIF-4010016/Mdir 18087054 Publisher The project is funded by Norwegian Environment Agency Norwegian Environment Agency Author(s) Jens Skei (NIVA/Skei Mining Consultant), et al. Title – Norwegian and English Bergverk og avgangsdeponering – status og utfordringer (2010). Mining industry and tailings disposal (2010). Annex with updates on status (2019). Summary – sammendrag The existing base of experience regarding disposal of waste rock and tailings and environmental assessments relating to the use of chemicals in the mining industry have been collated. National and international experience has been applied, with a focus on disposal of tailings in the marine environment. Sea disposal requires fulfilment of a number of prerequisites in terms of both knowledge of the area where disposal is planned, design of the outfall system and requirements on the actual discharge. There is also an emphasis on identifying knowledge gaps related to the dispersal of tailings and environmental impact. 4 emneord 4 subject words Gruver, avgang, sjødeponering, kjemikalier Mining, tailings, submarine disposal, chemicals Front page photo Øyvind Hetland (Norwegian Environment Agency) 1 Mining industry and tailings disposal | M-1335|2019 Mining industry and tailings disposal Status, environmental challenges and gaps of knowledge Island Copper Mine, British Columbia. Filling of the open pit mine with seawater from the Rupert Inlet fjord after mining was phased out in 1995. The world's highest seawater waterfall! 2 Mining industry and tailings disposal | M-1335|2019 Foreword The Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) has been assigned the task by the Norwegian Climate and Pollution Agency (Klif) to prepare a status report on the level of knowledge of mining and environmental challenges, with a principal focus on sea disposal and use of chemicals. A draft report was prepared by a resource group formed by Klif. This implies that the report in whole does not necessarily express the views of the individual members. The resource group comprised the following members: Harald Sørby, Klif (Chairman) Glenn Storbråten, Klif (secretary) Grethe Braastad, Klif Mads Løkeland, Friends of the Earth Norway Marius Dalen, Bellona Maria Thornhill, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Reidulv Bøe, The Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) Henrik Rye, SINTEF Jan Helge Fosså, the Institute of Marine Research (HI) Trygve Dekko, Multiconsult AS Tor Jensen, Det norske Veritas (DnV) Jens Skei, NIVA We would like to thank all the members for their hard work. Please note that the resource group’s work was limited to contributions within the members’ individual areas of expertise. It is therefore possible that the views in the report do not necessarily represent the same views of the members’ respective institutes. Oslo, October 2010 [Signature] Jens Skei Report editor 3 Mining industry and tailings disposal | M-1335|2019 Content Foreword ........................................................................................................ 3 1. Introduction ................................................................................................. 9 2. Boundaries for the work ................................................................................. 10 3. Overview of relevant legislation ....................................................................... 11 3.1 The Norwegian Pollution Control Act ........................................................... 11 3.2 The Norwegian Product Control Act ............................................................ 11 3.3 Regulations relating to the recycling of waste (Waste Regulations), chapter 9, Landfill of waste (1999/31/EC) .................................................................................. 12 3.4 The Directive on the management of waste from extractive industries (Mining Waste Directive) .................................................................................................. 12 3.5 The Water Regulations ............................................................................ 12 3.6 The Pollution Regulations, chapter 30 ......................................................... 13 3.7 Regulations relating to restrictions on the use, etc. of certain dangerous chemicals . 13 3.8 The Norwegian Planning and Building Act ..................................................... 13 3.9 The Norwegian Nature Diversity Act ............................................................ 14 3.10 Norwegian salmon fjords .......................................................................... 14 3.11 The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE)’s regulations .......... 14 3.12 The Norwegian Food Act .......................................................................... 15 4. Status regarding disposal of waste rock and tailings ............................................... 15 4.1 Disposal of waste rock and tailings on land in Norway ...................................... 15 4.2 Sulphide ore mines in Norway .................................................................... 17 4.2.1 Folldal Verk .................................................................................. 17 4.2.2 Grong Gruber ................................................................................ 19 4.2.3 The Sulitjelma field ........................................................................ 21 4.2.4 Løkken Verk ................................................................................. 23 4.2.5 Skorovas Gruber ............................................................................ 24 4.2.6 Røros Kobberverk ........................................................................... 25 4.2.7 Bleikvassli Gruber .......................................................................... 27 4.2.8 Bidjovagge Gruber .......................................................................... 28 4.2.9 Nikkel og Olivin ............................................................................. 28 4.2.10 Knaben molybdenum mines............................................................... 29 4.2.11 Kjøli and Killingdal mines ................................................................. 30 4.3 Non-sulphide mines in Norway ................................................................... 31 4.3.1 Titania ........................................................................................ 31 4.3.2 North Cape Minerals, Lillesand ........................................................... 32 4 Mining industry and tailings disposal | M-1335|2019 4.4 International experience of disposal of waste rock and tailings on land ................. 32 4.4.1 Equity Silver Mines, BC, Canada ......................................................... 32 4.4.2 Idaho Springs – Leadville, Colorado, USA ............................................... 33 4.4.3 Zlate Hory - The Czech Republic ........................................................ 34 4.4.4 Aitik, Gällivare, Sweden .................................................................. 35 4.5 Status regarding sea tailings disposal ........................................................... 36 4.5.1 Sea disposal of tailings in Norway ....................................................... 38 4.5.2 Sea disposal of tailings in Canada ....................................................... 42 4.5.3 Sea disposal of tailings in the USA ....................................................... 47 4.5.4 Sea disposal of tailings in Greenland ................................................... 50 4.5.5 Sea disposal of tailings in Asia ........................................................... 52 5. Summary of lessons learned from existing and planned activities ............................... 55 5.1 Disposal of tailings on land ....................................................................... 55 5.1.1 Physical and chemical stability .......................................................... 56 5.1.2 Ecological impact ........................................................................... 57 5.1.3 Impact on natural resources .............................................................. 61 5.1.4 Risk of accidents ............................................................................ 64 5.1.5 Monitoring and environmental documentation ........................................ 64 5.1.6 Examples of disposal sites that have functioned as intended ...................... 65 5.1.7 Examples of disposal sites with unexpected environmental problems ............ 70 5.2 Disposal of tailings in the sea .................................................................... 72 5.2.1 Physical and chemical stability .......................................................... 72 5.2.2 Dispersal and sedimentation ............................................................. 73 5.2.3 Ecological impact ........................................................................... 76 5.2.4 Impact on marine resources .............................................................. 87 5.2.5 Risk of accidents ............................................................................ 87 5.2.6 Monitoring and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • State of Utah DIVISION of WASTE MANAGEMENT GARY R
    Department of Environmental Quality L. Scott Baird Executive Director State of Utah DIVISION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT GARY R. HERBERT AND RADIATION CONTROL Governor Ty L. Howard SPENCER J. COX Director Lieutenant Governor November 5, 2020 Cassady Kristensen Environmental Business Partner Rio Tinto Kennecott 4700 Daybreak Parkway South Jordan, UT 84009 RE: Kennecott Utah Copper Tailings Impoundment Refuse Class IIIb Landfill Permit Dear Ms. Kristensen: The Division of Waste Management and Radiation Control (Division) has completed its review of the application to permit the Rio Tinto Kennecott Utah Copper Tailings Impoundment Refuse Class IIIb Landfill located on the Rio Tinto Kennecott Tailings Impoundment facility in Salt Lake County, Utah. Enclosed with this letter is the approved Permit Number 1905 and applicable attachments from portions of the application. The Permit approval and expiration dates are shown on the permit cover page. Also, the Statement of Basis for this permit (DSHW-2020-014707) is included with the permit. If you have any questions, please call Doug Taylor at (801) 536-0240. Sincerely, Ty L. Howard, Director Division of Waste Management and Radiation Control (Over) DSHW-2020-014711 195 North 1950 West • Salt Lake City, UT Mailing Address: P.O. Box 144880 • Salt Lake City, UT 84114-4880 Telephone (801) 536-0200 • Fax (801) 536-0222 • T.D.D. (801) 536-4284 www.deq.utah.gov Printed on 100% recycled paper TLH/DT/ar Enclosures: Permit (DSHW-2020-004084) Attachment #1 - Landfill Design (DSHW-2020-004510) Attachment #2 – Operation Plan (DSHW- 2020-004512) Attachment #3 – Closure and Post-Closure Plan (DSHW-2020-004514) Statement of Basis (DSHW-2020-014707) c: Gary Edwards, MS, Health Officer, Salt Lake County Health Dept.
    [Show full text]
  • Nordic Mining
    3x attractive exposures Large deposit with unique location Minerals for a sustainable future All major permits in place EN Expand Oslo: NOM Valuable investment in lithium Investor Presentation February 24, 2021 Disclaimer IMPORTANT NOTICE The presentation (the "Presentation") has been prepared by Nordic Mining ASA ("Nordic Mining" or the "Company") with the assistance of Clarkson Platou Securities AS and SpareBank 1 Markets AS (the "Financial Advisors") , solely for use at a presentation to future potential investors (the "Investors") in the Company. The Presentation does not in any way constitute an offer to purchase shares in the Company. This Presentation is strictly confidential and may not be reproduced or redistributed, in whole or in part, to any other person. NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY / DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY The information contained in this Presentation is solely based on information provided by the Company and its subsidiaries (the "Group"). The information in this Presentation has not been verified by the Financial Advisor. None of the Financial Advisor, the Group or subsidiary undertakings or affiliates, or any directors, officers, employees, advisors or representatives of any of the aforementioned (collectively the "Representatives") make any representation or warranty (express or implied) whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness or sufficiency of any information contained herein, and nothing contained in this Presentation is or can be relied upon as a promise or representation by the Financial Advisor, the Group or any of their Representatives. None of the Financial Advisor, the Group or any of their Representatives shall have any liability whatsoever (in negligence or otherwise) arising directly or indirectly from the use of this Presentation or its contents or otherwise arising in a future investment in the Company, including but not limited to any liability for errors, inaccuracies, omissions or misleading statements in this Presentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Municipal Waste Compliance Promotion Exercise 2014-5
    Municipal Waste Compliance Promotion Exercise 2014-5 Executive Summary mmmll Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). LEGAL NOTICE This document has been prepared for the European Commission however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://www.europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2016 ISBN 978-92-79-60069-2 doi:10.2779/609002 © European Union, 2016 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Municipal Waste Compliance Promotion Exercise 2014-5 Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................. 2 Abstract .......................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary.......................................................................................... 4 Background .................................................................................................. 4 Introduction to the project .............................................................................. 4 Method .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of the Possible Reuse of Extractive Waste Coming from Abandoned Mine Sites: Case Study in Gorno, Italy
    sustainability Article Assessment of the Possible Reuse of Extractive Waste Coming from Abandoned Mine Sites: Case Study in Gorno, Italy Neha Mehta 1,2, Giovanna Antonella Dino 1,*, Iride Passarella 3, Franco Ajmone-Marsan 4, Piergiorgio Rossetti 1 and Domenico Antonio De Luca 1 1 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy; [email protected] (N.M.); [email protected] (P.R.); [email protected] (D.A.D.L.) 2 School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AH, UK 3 Horizon s.r.l., 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy; [email protected] 4 Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-011-6705150 Received: 21 January 2020; Accepted: 17 March 2020; Published: 21 March 2020 Abstract: Supply of resources, a growing population, and environmental pollution are some of the main challenges facing the contemporary world. The rapid development of mining activities has produced huge amounts of waste. This waste, found in abandoned mine sites, provides the potential opportunity of extracting raw material. The current study, therefore, focuses on testing the validation of a shared methodology to recover extractive waste from abandoned mines, and applies this methodology to a case study in Gorno, northwest Italy. The methods focused on: (1) analyzing the impact of tailings and fine fraction of waste rock (<2 mm) on plants (Cress - Lepidium Sativum) to assess usability of both as soil additive, and (2) recovering raw materials from tailings and coarse fraction (>2 mm) of waste rock, by means of dressing methods like wet shaking table and froth flotation.
    [Show full text]
  • Waste Technologies: Waste to Energy Facilities
    WASTE TECHNOLOGIES: WASTE TO ENERGY FACILITIES A Report for the Strategic Waste Infrastructure Planning (SWIP) Working Group Complied by WSP Environmental Ltd for the Government of Western Australia, Department of Environment and Conservation May 2013 Quality Management Issue/revision Issue 1 Revision 1 Revision 2 Revision 3 Remarks Date May 2013 Prepared by Kevin Whiting, Steven Wood and Mick Fanning Signature Checked by Matthew Venn Signature Authorised by Kevin Whiting Signature Project number 00038022 Report number File reference Project number: 00038022 Dated: May 2013 2 Revised: Waste Technologies: Waste to Energy Facilities A Report for the Strategic Waste Infrastructure Planning (SWIP) Working Group, commissioned by the Government of Western Australia, Department of Environment and Conservation. May 2013 Client Waste Management Branch Department of Environment and Conservation Level 4 The Atrium, 168 St George’s Terrace, PERTH, WA 6000 Locked Bag 104 Bentley DC WA 6983 Consultants Kevin Whiting Head of Energy-from-Waste & Biomass Tel: +44 207 7314 4647 [email protected] Mick Fanning Associate Consultant Tel: +44 207 7314 5883 [email protected] Steven Wood Principal Consultant Tel: +44 121 3524768 [email protected] Registered Address WSP Environmental Limited 01152332 WSP House, 70 Chancery Lane, London, WC2A 1AF 3 Table of Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................. 6 1.1 Objectives ................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Lmpact Mine Development and Tailings Disposal
    .--L South Pocific Regionol Environm€nf Progromme ft -- Ittltt-'r'tl SPREP Reports ond Studies Series no, 95 WJ: Environmental lmPact Hffi Assessment Guidelines for Mine DeveloPment and ffi Tailings Disposal at Tropical Coastal Mines ar'' -il South Pocific Reglonol Environment Progromrre Environmental lmpact Assessment Guidelines for Mine Development and Tailings Disposal at Tropical Coastal Mines Prepared by Derek Ellls Assisted by Jacquellne Connolly SPREP Librry Cataloguing-in-Publication Dara Ellis,Dcsck Erwironmental impact ascsmcot guiddinca fq minc dcrrclopment 2ad t.ilingr dispod et topicel costal rnincs / grcprrcd \ p6d Ellir ard **itt"d bJ.cqudinc Connolly. - Apie,Vftstcrn Samoa : SPREB 1996. viii,26p. : 69., placcs, ublcs : 29 can- ISBN:982-04-0150-X 1. Environncntal impact rtetcmens.2. Mincs and rnincrrl rrsouroae - Erndrronmcnal aspccs, 3. Erwironmcnal monitori.g- I. C.onnolly, Jacquclinc. II. South Pacific Rcgiond Environmcnt Prognmmc. IV Tida 333.765 kcprrcd for putilication by thc South Pacifc Rcgionel Ernironmcot kogrlmmc, PO Bc 24o,Apb,Wcrtcrn Samoa @ South PacificRcgiorrl Environmcnt Plogrannc, 1996 Thc South Pecifc Rcgional En'ironncnt Plogrililnc authcbcs thc rcproduction of tcmud netcrid, wholc or parq in any form, providcd approprbtc acknorlcdgcmcot b gi\r€o. Original 3srt; F'ngfirh Editor Barbare Hcason Production Pctcr Erans Photographs Plare I (covcr and p.4) reproduced with permission of Island Copper Mine, BHP Minerals Canada Ltd; platc 6 (cover and p.6) and plate 5 reproduced with permission of Placcr Pacific Limited, Typeset in I l/13 Bembo and UR\7 Casde Printed on I l0gsm Tudor RP. (100% recyded) by ABC Printing, Brisbane, Australia Printed with finaocial assistance from AusAID Covcr photographs Top:The seale of uwu produaionfmm ninitg and milling prouses an be enotmorn, Hererun see the *uste mck dunry anil their redamation at klanil Coppa Mine, Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Operation and Management Workbook
    MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILL OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT WORKBOOK Revised April 2018 Preface In many ways, constructing, operating and maintaining a municipal solid waste landfill is similar to constructing, operating, and maintaining a highway, dam, canal, bridge, or other engineered structure. The most important similarity is that landfills, like other engineered structures, must be constructed and operated in a manner that will provide safe, long-term, and reliable service to the communities they serve. Proper design, construction, operation, monitoring, closure and post-closure care are critical because after disposal the waste can be a threat to human health and the environment for decades to centuries. This workbook is intended to provide municipal landfill operators and managers in Wyoming with the fundamental knowledge and technical background necessary to ensure that landfills are operated efficiently, effectively, and in a manner that is protective of human health and the environment. This workbook contains information regarding basic construction and operation activities that are encountered on a routine basis at most landfills. The basic procedures and fundamental elements of landfill permitting, construction management, monitoring, closure, post-closure care, and financial assurance are also addressed. The workbook includes informative tips and information that landfill operators and managers can use to conserve landfill space, minimize the potential for pollution, reduce operating costs, and comply with applicable rules and regulations. In addition to this workbook, operators and managers need to become familiar with the Wyoming Solid Waste Rules and Regulations applicable to municipal solid waste. The DEQ also provides numerous guidelines that may help understand regulatory requirements in more detail.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mineral Industry of Norway in 2012
    2012 Minerals Yearbook NORWAY U.S. Department of the Interior February 2015 U.S. Geological Survey THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF NORWAY By Harold R. Newman Norway’s diverse geologic terrain contains a broad spectrum and petroleum production decreased (table 1). Aggregates, of mineral resources for possible exploration and development, limestone, nepheline syenite, and sand and gravel were some of including metals, industrial minerals, and mineral fuels. Norway’s more economically important industrial mineral raw Norway’s mineral resources included coal, iron ore, natural materials. The country’s production of ilmenite accounted for gas, nickel, petroleum, sand and gravel, stone, and titanium. about 6% of world production (Bedinger, 2013). The mines and quarries were mostly of regional significance and were located mainly along the coast. The natural gas and Structure of the Mineral Industry petroleum fields were located mainly offshore in the Norwegian The Norwegian mineral industry was composed of a mixture area of the North Sea (U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). of Government and privately owned operations. Table 2 lists the Minerals in the National Economy major mineral companies that were operating in Norway in 2012 and their respective mine and (or) plant locations and capacities. The country’s natural gas and petroleum industries have continued to contribute significantly to Norway’s national Commodity Review economy. In 2012, the petroleum sector accounted for the largest Metals portion of the country’s exports and about 26% of Government revenue. In anticipation of the eventual decrease in natural Cobalt, Copper, Gold, and Platinum-Group Metals.— gas and petroleum production, the Government was saving Nordic Mining ASA’s exploration efforts in northern Norway a significant amount of revenue from petroleum exports in a led to the discovery of magmatic mineralization in the sovereign wealth fund (SWF) valued at more than $700 billion.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2013 on Nordic Mining's Mineral Deposits
    ANNUAL REPORT 2013 ON NORDIC MINING’S MINERAL DEPOSITS; EXPLORATION RESULTS, MINERAL RESOURCES AND MINERAL RESERVES Introduction The Nordic Mining ASA Group's (“Nordic Mining” or “the Group”) operations currently comprise the following main subsidiaries and associated companies with its respective mineral projects: 1. Nordic Rutile AS (100%): Engebøfjellet rutile deposit (titanium dioxide) in Naustdal municipality in Norway 2. Nordic Quartz AS (100%): Kvinnherad quartz deposit (quartz) in Kvinnherad municipality in Norway 3. Nordic Mining ASA (100%): Exploration project at Reinfjord on the Øksfjord peninsula in Kvænangen municipality in Norway (nickel, copper, cobalt and palladium-platinum-gold) 4. Keliber Oy (38%): Spodumene pegmatite deposits (lithium) in the Ostrobothnia region in Finland 5. Nordic Mining ASA (100%): Other exploration rights (100%) This report (the "Report") sets out the details of the Group's exploration results/prospects, mineral resources and, where applicable, ore reserves in relation to its mineral projects. Gudvangen Stein AS which was reported in the 2012 annual report with its anorthosite deposit was divested in June 2013. This Report is updated per 28 October 2013. On an annual basis, Nordic Mining issues an updated report on its mineral projects. Reports/sources of information referred in this Report are available at Nordic Mining’s webpage www.nordicmining.com. In section 1 (Nordic Rutile AS - Engebø rutile deposit in Norway) and section 4 (Keliber Oy - lithium in the Ostrobothnia region in Finland) the classification of mineral deposits is based on the JORC Code reporting standard 1). The JORC Code differentiates between three different resource classes: inferred, indicated and measured, depending on the level of geological knowledge and confidence.
    [Show full text]
  • ÅRSRAPPORT 05 Det Har Vært Et År Med Ekstremt Vær I Midt-Norge
    ÅRSRAPPORT 05 Det har vært et år med ekstremt vær i Midt-Norge. Ekstremt uvær. Det rammet transformatorkiosken på Vikstrøm 13. februar og kraftforsyningen til Frøya og deler av Hitra lå nede i flere timer. KILE-kostnaden for det ene strømbruddet var 1,3 millioner kr. I løpet av året ble det etablert ny strømforsyning til Frøya med renovert og delvis nybygd høyspentlinje og 350 meter sjøkabel over Dolmsundet. innhold Innhold: Fakta om TrønderEnergi 5 Konsernsjefen har ordet 7 2005 Kraftfull verdiskapning 12 Virksomhetsstyring 16 TrønderEnergi, et miljøselskap 24 Våre forretningsområder 27 Forretningsområde kraft 27 ÅRSRAPPORT ÅRSRAPPORT Forretningsområde nett 32 Forretningsområde elektro 34 Årsberetning 35 Nøkkeltall 46 Resultatregnskap 47 Balanse 48 Kontantstrømoppstilling 50 Revisjonsberetning 51 Noter TrønderEnergi konsern 52 Noter TrønderEnergi AS 64 Verdiskapningsregnskap 73 side3 side 4 ÅRSRAPPORT 2005 Fakta om TrønderEnergi Fakta om TrønderEnergi TrønderEnergi er organisert som et konsern med Samlet tilsigsavhengig krafttilgang er 1831 GWh pr. år i et TrønderEnergi AS som morselskap og fire datterselskap: middelår. 2005 TrønderEnergi Kraft AS, TrønderEnergi Nett AS, TrønderElektro AS og Orkdal Fjernvarme AS (OFAS). Selskapet driver primæromsetning av energi i det Selskapets forretningskontor er i Trondheim. nordiske kraftmarkedet gjennom fysisk og finansiell krafthandel og salg til sluttbrukere i privat- og bedrifts- TrønderEnergi Kraft AS har ansvaret for kraftproduksjon markedet. Selskapet har samarbeidsavtaler om kraft- og kraftomsetning, TrønderEnergi Nett AS har ansvar for omsetning med tre distribusjonsverk. Gjennom disse energitransport, utbygging, drift og vedlikehold av avtalene omsettes ca. 270 GWh på årsbasis. regional- og distribusjonsnettet, mens TrønderElektro AS ÅRSRAPPORT driver installasjons- og butikkvirksomhet. TrønderEnergi Nett AS eier, driver og bygger et regional- nett i store deler av Sør-Trøndelag.
    [Show full text]
  • Possible Violation of the Water Framework Directive by the Norwegian Government
    Orkanger, 19. December 2017 Efta Surveillance Agency Rue Belliard 35 B- 1040 Brussels Belgium [email protected] Possible violation of the Water Framework Directive by the Norwegian government Our address and information Naturvernforbundet i Orklaregionen NGO co/ Mads Løkeland Norwegian environmentalist organisation. Emmavegen 34 N7300 Orkanger Friends of the earth Norway, local branch in Norway Orkdal e-mail: [email protected] http://naturvernforbundet.no/?lang=en_GB phone: +47 95 05 67 26 The purpose of this letter We request EFTA Surveillance Agency’s (ESA’s) assessment on whether Norway has violated the Water Framework Directive (WFD) by allowing the removal of Furumokjela, an important part of the estuary of the river Orkla in Orkdal1. Furumokjela is to be filled with gravel/ soil, and our question is whether the removal of Furumokjela represents a violation of principles and targets set by the WFD. The Water Framework Directive of EU is accepted as Norwegian law, normally referred to as Vannforskriften (The Norwegian Water Regulation), and entered into force in 2007. This means that it is highly probable that a violation of the Norwegian Water Regulation represents a violation of WFD as well. The river Basin Management Plan covering the Orkla estuary was adopted by the Norwegian government in July 2016. 1 Orkdal is a municipality of Sør Trøndelag, mid-Norway. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Adress: v/ Mads Løkeland, Emmavegen 34, N7300 Orkanger, Norway E-mail: [email protected], tlf: 95056726 The river Orkla is 182 km long from Orkelsjøen to Orkdalsfjorden, has a mean water flow of 67 m3/second at the estuary, and is especially important for salmon and sea trout.
    [Show full text]
  • Five Facts About Incineration Five Facts About Incineration
    Five facts about incineration Five facts about incineration Across the globe, cities are looking for ways to improve their municipal solid waste systems. In the search for services that are affordable, green and easy to implement, many cities are encouraged to turn to waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies, such as incineration.1 But, as found in WIEGO’s Technical Brief 11 (Waste Incineration and Informal Livelihoods: A Technical Guide on Waste-to-Energy Initiatives by Jeroen IJgosse), incineration is far from the perfect solution and, particularly in the Global South, can be less cost-effective, more complicated and can negatively impact the environment and informal waste workers’ livelihoods. Below, we have collected the top five issues highlighted in the study that show why this technology is a risky choice: 1. Incineration costs more than recycling. How incineration may be promoted: Incineration is a good economic decision because it reduces the costs associated with landfill operations while also creating energy that can be used by the community. The reality: • In 2016, the World Energy Council reported that, “energy generation from waste is a costly option, in comparison with other established power generation sources.” • Setting up an incineration project requires steep investment costs from the municipality. • For incineration projects to remain financially stable long-term, high fees are required, which place a burden on municipal finances and lead to sharp increases in user fees. • If incinerators are not able to collect enough burnable waste, they will burn other fuels (gas) instead. Contract obligations can force a municipality to make up the difference if an incinerator doesn’t burn enough to create the needed amount of energy.
    [Show full text]