Katherine Parr Death Warrant
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Zurbarán's Jacob and His Twelve Sons: Paintings from Auckland Castle
STUNNING SET OF SPANISH BAROQUE WORKS TRAVELS TO THE UNITED STATES FOR THE FIRST TIME Zurbarán’s Jacob and His Twelve Sons: Paintings from Auckland Castle SERIES HISTORICALLY CONNECTED TO MOVEMENT FOR RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE January 31 through April 22, 2018 Francisco de Zurbarán helped to define Seville’s Golden Age, a period of economic expansion and cultural resurgence in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, when the Andalusian seaport monopolized trade with the New World. Throughout the late 1620s and 1630s, the artist and his workshop produced monumental multi- Zurbarán and other works on display in the Long Dining Room at Auckland Castle; photo credit: photo Colin Davison, courtesy of The Auckland Project figure paintings as well as series of single-figure works representing the saints, the Apostles, and various other subjects for ecclesiastical institutions and palaces throughout Spain and the Spanish colonies. With a decline in Seville’s economy in the 1640s and the plague of 1649, he turned increasingly to the Latin American market, supplying paintings on commission to churches, monasteries, and wealthy individuals, while also selling workshop pieces on the open market in Buenos Aires and Lima, Peru. Between 1640 and 1645, Zurbarán and his assistants produced the remarkable series Jacob and His Twelve Sons, which is on view at Francisco de Zurbarán (1598–1664), Joseph, ca. 1640–45, oil on canvas, The Frick Collection through the spring of 2018. Co-organized by the Frick with the Auckland Castle, County Durham, © The Auckland Project/Zurbarán Trust, photo by Robert LaPrelle 1 Meadows Museum in Dallas and Auckland Castle, County Durham, England, the exhibition was first seen in Dallas last fall. -
The Six Wives of King Henry Viii
THE SIX WIVES OF KING HENRY VIII Divorced, beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survived! Ready for a trip back in time? Here at Nat Geo Kids, we’re travelling back to Tudor England in our Henry VIII wives feature. Hold onto your hats – and your heads! Henry VIII wives… 1. Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII’s first wife was Catherine of Aragon, daughter of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain. Eight years before her marriage to Henry in 1509, Catherine was in fact married to Henry’s older brother, Arthur, who died of sickness at just 15 years old. Together, Henry and Catherine had a daughter, Mary – but it was a son that Henry wanted. Frustrated that Catherine seemed unable to produce a male heir to the throne, Henry had their marriage annulled (cancelled) in 1533. But there’s more to the story – towards the end of their marriage, Henry fell in love with one of Catherine’s ladies-in-waiting (woman who assisted the queen) – Anne Boleyn… 2. Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn became Henry’s second wife after the pair married secretly in January 1533. By this time, Anne was pregnant with her first child to Henry, and by June 1533 she was crowned Queen of England. Together they had a daughter, Elizabeth – the future Queen Elizabeth I. But, still, it was a son – and future king of England – that Henry wanted. Frustrated, he believed his marriage was cursed and that Anne was to blame. And so, he turned his affections to one of Anne’s ladies-in-waiting, Jane Seymour. -
HENRY VII M.Elizabeth of York (R.1485–1509)
Historic Royal Places – Descriptors Small Use Width 74mm Wide and less Minimum width to be used 50mm Depth 16.5mm (TOL ) Others Various Icon 7mm Wide Dotted line for scaling Rules 0.25pt and minimum size establishment only. Does not print. HENRY VII m.Elizabeth of York (r.1485–1509) Arthur, m. Katherine HENRY VIII m.(1) Katherine m.(2) Anne m.(3) Jane m.(4) Anne of Cleves Edmund (1) James IV, m Margaret m (2) Archibald Douglas, Elizabeth Mary Catherine Prince of Wales of Aragon* (r.1509–47) Boleyn Seymour (5) Catherine Howard King of Earl of Angus (d. 1502) (6) Kateryn Parr Scotland Frances Philip II, m. MARY I ELIZABETH I EDWARD VI Mary of m. James V, Margaret m. Matthew Stewart, Lady Jane Grey King of Spain (r.1553–58) (r.1558–1603) (r.1547–53) Lorraine King of Earl of Lennox (r.1553 for 9 days) Scotland (1) Francis II, m . Mary Queen of Scots m. (2) Henry, Charles, Earl of Lennox King of France Lord Darnley Arbella James I m. Anne of Denmark (VI Scotland r.1567–1625) (I England r.1603–1625) Henry (d.1612) CHARLES I (r.1625–49) Elizabeth m. Frederick, Elector Palatine m. Henrietta Maria CHARLES II (r.1660–85) Mary m. William II, (1) Anne Hyde m. JAMES II m. (2) Mary Beatrice of Modena Sophia m. Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover m.Catherine of Braganza Prince of Orange (r.1685–88) WILLIAM III m. MARY II (r.1689–94) ANNE (r.1702–14) James Edward, GEORGE I (r.1714–27) Other issue Prince of Orange m. -
FALL 2019 2 | from the Executive Director
Americans in Alliance with the National Trust of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland The Horse and the Country House The Lost House Revisited Restoring Britain’s Waterways FALL 2019 2 | From the Executive Director THE ROYAL OAK FOUNDATION 20 West 44th Street, Suite 606 New York, New York 10036-6603 212.480.2889 | www.royal-oak.org BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chairman Lynne L. Rickabaugh Vice Chairman Renee Nichols Tucei Treasurer Susan Ollila Montacute House in Somerset is a masterpiece of Elizabethan Renaissance architecture and design. Secretary Royal Oak members visited the house on this year’s annual garden tour. Prof. Sir David Cannadine Directors Cheryl Beall Michael A. Boyd Dear Members & Friends, Michael J. Brown Though we are nearing the final quarter of 2019, our year is far from over. On November Susan Chapman 6, we will host our fall benefit dinner at the Century Association in New York City. This Constance M. Cincotta year’s event will honor the Duke of Devonshire for his contribution to the preservation Robert C. Daum of British culture and the 10 year restoration of Chatsworth. Sir David Cannadine will Tracey A. Dedrick join in discussion with the Duke about his project to restore Chatsworth to its full glory Anne Blackwell Ervin and it promises to be wonderful evening. Pamela K. Hull Linda A. Kelly We are well on our way to achieving our goal of raising $250,000 to preserve the library at Hilary McGrady Blickling Hall. This is one of the most significant libraries under the care of the National Eric J. -
Anna of Cleves Birth and Death 1515 – July 16, 1557
Catherine of Aragon Birth and death December 15, 1485 – January 7, 1536 Marriage One: to Arthur (Henry’s older brother), November 14, 1501 (aged 15) Two: to Henry VIII, June 11, 1509 (aged 23) Children Mary, born February 18, 1516 (later Queen Mary I). Catherine also had two other children who died as infants, three stillborn children, and several miscarriages. Interests Religion, sewing, dancing, a bit more religion. Cause of death Probably a type of cancer. Remembered for… Her refusal to accept that her marriage was invalid; her faith; her dramatic speech to Henry when he had her brought to court to seek the annulment of their marriage. Did you know? While Henry fought in France in 1513, Catherine was regent during the Battle of Flodden; when James IV of Scotland was killed in the battle, Catherine wanted to send his body to Henry as a present. Anne Boleyn Birth and death c. 1501 – May 19, 1536 Marriage January 25, 1533 (aged 31) Children Elizabeth, born September 7, 1533 (later Queen Elizabeth I). Anne also had at least two miscarriages. Interests Fashion, dancing, flirtation, collecting evangelical works. Queen Links Lady-in-waiting to Catherine of Aragon. Cause of death Executed on Tower Green, London. Remembered for… Headlessness; bringing about England’s break with the Pope; having a sixth fingernail. Did you know? Because she was fluent in French, Anne would have acted as a translator during the visit of Emperor Charles V to court in 1522. Jane Seymour Birth and death 1507 or 1508 – October 24, 1537 Marriage May 30, 1536 (aged 28 or 29) Children Edward, born October 12, 1537 (later King Edward VI). -
The Tower of London: 1066-1554 Significant Moments and Events in the Fortress’S History
Fact sheet for teachers The Tower of London: 1066-1554 Significant moments and events in the fortress’s history 1066 1540 William the Conqueror orders the construction of Henry VIII marries Anne of Cleves. The marriage is Norman castles in London. annulled. Thomas Cromwell is imprisoned in the Tower, and then executed on Tower Hill. Henry VIII marries Catherine Howard. 1080s Work begins on the White Tower. 1541 Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, is executed in 13th century the Tower. Henry III and Edward I build the Medieval Palace and new walls and towers around the White Tower. 1542 Catherine Howard is executed in the Tower. 1485 Henry VII becomes king. 1543 Henry VIII marries his sixth wife Kateryn Parr. 1491 Henry VIII is born. 1545 Protestant Anne Askew is tortured at the Tower. 1509 Henry VII dies. Henry VIII becomes king and marries Katherine of Aragon. 1546 Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, and his father Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, are imprisoned in the Tower. Surrey 1533 is executed the following year on Tower Hill. Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn. Royal lodgings are built for her at the Tower. 1547 Henry VIII dies at Whitehall Palace. Kateryn Parr secretly 1534 marries Thomas Seymour, Jane Seymour’s brother. The Act of Supremacy is declared, recognising Henry VIII as the Supreme Head of the Church of England. 1548 Thomas Seymour is imprisoned in the Tower, and 1535 then beheaded on Tower Hill. Thomas More and John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, are imprisoned in the Tower and then executed on Tower Hill. 1553 Thomas Parr, brother of Kateryn Parr, is imprisoned in 1536 the Tower. -
Patriarchal Dynamics in Politics: How Anne Boleyn's Femininity Brought Her Power and Death
John Carroll University Carroll Collected Senior Honors Projects Theses, Essays, and Senior Honors Projects Spring 2018 Patriarchal Dynamics in Politics: How Anne Boleyn’s Femininity Brought her Power and Death Rebecca Ries-Roncalli John Carroll University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://collected.jcu.edu/honorspapers Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Ries-Roncalli, Rebecca, "Patriarchal Dynamics in Politics: How Anne Boleyn’s Femininity Brought her Power and Death" (2018). Senior Honors Projects. 111. https://collected.jcu.edu/honorspapers/111 This Honors Paper/Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Essays, and Senior Honors Projects at Carroll Collected. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of Carroll Collected. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Patriarchal Dynamics in Politics: How Anne Boleyn’s Femininity Brought her Power and Death Rebecca Ries-Roncalli Senior Honors Project May 2, 2018 Ries-Roncalli 1 I. Adding Dimension to an Elusive Character The figure of Anne Boleyn is one that looms large in history, controversial in her time and today. The second wife of King Henry VIII, she is most well-known for precipitating his break with the Catholic Church in order to marry her. Despite the tremendous efforts King Henry went to in order to marry Anne, a mere three years into their marriage, he sentenced her to death and immediately married another woman. Popular representations of her continue to exist, though most Anne Boleyns in modern depictions are figments of a cultural imagination.1 What is most telling about the way Anne is seen is not that there are so many opinions, but that throughout over 400 years of study, she remains an elusive character to pin down. -
Of Catherine Howard, Henry's Fifth Wife, and How, After Ordering Her
book 1, chapter 43 Of Catherine Howard, Henry’s Fifth Wife, and How, after Ordering Her Put to Death, He Married Katherine Parr1 Within eight days, the king married Catherine Howard, the duke of Norfolk’s niece (his brother’s daughter).2 But though the king was pleased beyond mea- sure with his new bride, that did not stop him from inflicting his cruelty on Catholics. Thus, on July 30, he put to death three saintly doctors of theology for having defended the cause of Queen Doña Catherine and for now denying the king’s pontifical power. Alongside them he condemned three Zwinglian heretics, ordering that they be paraded two by two, a Catholic together with a heretic, as a blacker mockery of religion and a worse torment to the Catholics, who received more pain from this awful company than from their own deaths. When a knight of the king’s household saw them borne off to death, com- panioned in this manner, and learned that some were condemned for being Catholics and the others for not being so, he said, “On this account I will take care henceforth to be of the king’s religion—that is to say, none at all!”3 Then, on August 2, he also dispatched the prior of Doncaster with three other monks and two laymen, on the same grounds, as well as for refusing to acknowledge the royal supremacy.4 1 Sander, De origine ac progressu, 214–19. 2 Henry and Catherine were married on June 28, 1540, several weeks after the finalization of the divorce from Anne. -
Book Interview Robin Maxwell
Book Interview Robin Maxwell To the Tower Born ISBN13: 9780060580520 Q: As a follower and historian of English royalty, which is your favorite period, and why? What is it that inspires you about the history of the royal families in England? A: By the time I'd finished my fourth book, The Wild Irish, I believed I'd pretty well "done" the 16th century Tudors, but the family still held a fascination for me. When I turned to their immediate ancestors I found, of course, the greatest mystery in English history—what had happened to the little princes? I loved this idea and knew it hadn't been "mined" in the fiction genre for a long time, but when I started my research I was frankly doubtful that the Yorks and Lancasters would be anywhere near as colorful, scheming and bloodthirsty as Henry VIII, Elizabeth I and "Bloody Mary." How wrong I was! The 15th century figures made their descendants look like downright wusses. Q: There are some women in English history who undoubtedly exercised a great deal of power. What do you think made this possible? A: Certainly my books are "female heavy," and some might take issue with that. In the case of To the Tower Born, the tragedy of the boys' disappearance started because of the actions of a woman, their mother, Queen Elizabeth Woodville, who decided on her own volition, to dismiss her dead husband's wishes about who was to be young Edward's "Protector." She didn't like or trust Richard and moved to push him aside. -
Anne of Cleves
Anne of Cleves Anne of Cleves was Henry VIII’s fourth wife and Queen of England for six months in 1540. Early Life Anne was born in 1515 in Düsseldorf in the Holy Roman Empire, in what is now Germany. She was the second daughter of John III, Duke of Cleves, and his wife, Maria. She had two sisters, Sibylle and Amalia, and a brother, William. While not very well educated, Anne was skilled at needlework and enjoyed playing card games. She could read and write but only in her native German. Marriage to Henry VIII After the death of Henry VIII’s third Despite this, Henry and Anne were wife in 1537, Henry’s advisors began married on 6th January 1540 at the asking him to consider marrying again. Palace of Placentia in London. His chief minister, Thomas Cromwell, The marriage was not a happy one suggested Henry consider marrying a from the start, with Henry saying to lady from Cleves, a growing power in Cromwell the day after their wedding, Europe. He suggested either Anne or ‘I liked her before not well, but now I her younger sister, Amalia. In order like her much worse.’ Despite Henry’s to persuade Henry, the artist Hans dislike of Anne, she always praised Holbein the Younger was sent to their him as a kind husband to those she home to paint portraits of both ladies. spoke with. Henry found Anne’s portrait to be pleasing and gave permission for a marriage contract to be drawn up. Henry first met Anne in person privately on New Year’s Day 1540 at Rochester Abbey. -
Anne Boleyn: Whore Or Martyr?
Muhareb 1 Anne Boleyn: Whore or Martyr? An Individual’s Religious Beliefs Shaping the Perception of the Queen of England By Samia Muhareb Senior Thesis in History California State Polytechnic University, Pomona 9 June 2010 Grade: Advisor: Dr. Amanda Podany Muhareb 2 One of the most famous and influential English queen’s who altered society both politically and religiously was Anne Boleyn. The influence Anne Boleyn had on English society in the sixteenth century was summed up by historian Charles Beem, “our biggest enemy is terrorism…theirs was the Reformation. You can't overestimate how traumatic the changes in the church would have been. You might get close if you imagined that Monica Lewinsky had been a radical Islamist and Bill Clinton married her and made everyone convert.”1 Anne Boleyn was not the typical English Rose;2 she had an intense tempting quality that greatly attracted King Henry VIII. She was said to possess a delicate and attractive appearance, a vivacious personality, and exotic features since she was not brought up in the English court but rather the French to serve Queen Claude of France. To Henry, Anne symbolized the sophistication and charm of the French court he so earnestly desired.3 Anne Boleyn was the second wife of Henry VIII after his divorce from Katherine, a divorce that would revolutionize England as the country broke free from the Catholic Church and established the Church of England. Before King Henry VIII married Katherine of Aragon, Katherine was wedded to his elder brother Arthur in 1501. A year after their marriage, Arthur died; but the cause of death remains unknown. -
The Love Letters of Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn Sources of the Love That Changed England Forever
Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Scienze del Linguaggio [LM5-08] Tesi di Laurea The Love Letters of Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn Sources of the Love that changed England Forever Relatore Prof.ssa Marina Buzzoni Correlatore Prof. Marco Infurna Laureando Susi Bellinello Matricola 829025 Anno Accademico 2016 / 2017 Ai miei genitori: senza di loro tutto ciò non sarebbe stato possibile. A Denis, che continua ad essere il raggio di sole che in mezzo alla pioggia crea l’arcobaleno. A Valentina che, nonostante la distanza, mi è sempre stata vicina. A tutti quelli che non hanno mai creduto che questo giorno arrivasse. Questa è la mia vittoria. 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER I: HENRY AND ANNE: THE MOST HAPPY LOVE STORY THAT CHANGED HISTORY ............................................................................................................................... 12 I.1 Anne Boleyn: the woman who bewitched the heart of Henry VIII .............................. 12 I.1.2 Return to the English Court .................................................................................... 14 I.2 1527 - 1528: The Love Letters and the Great Matter .................................................... 17 I.3 1529: Two Queens for a Throne ................................................................................... 21 I.4 1530: Ainsi Sera, Groigne qui Groigne ........................................................................ 23 I.5