Developments in spectrum sharing technology – and applications to affordable connectivity for people and things 8th September 2016

Larkhill Consultancy Limited 2016 1 There is a mismatch between innovation potential and spectrum management…..

8 September 2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 2 Capacity requires spectrum superhighways • Increasing capacity means opening wider bands • But it’s expensive and time consuming to clear spectrum

8 September 2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 3 Improving coverage also needs innovation • Innovation can help lower deployment costs • Dynamic spectrum sharing enables new grass-roots operators to emerge

Sources: Microsoft, Broadway Partners

8 September 2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 4 Widespread affordable Internet connectivity could bring enormous benefits

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 5 More flexible spectrum sharing is key • Spectrum access is key to wireless connectivity • Spectrum is nearly fully allocated, but much remains unused – in most places, most of the time • New technology enables safe spectrum sharing - avoiding disruption to licensed services (e.g. through regulator-approved spectrum databases) Telemedicine / care Smart Energy Internet Precision Agriculture of Things Fisheries management

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 6 UK now has a regulatory framework in operation

ECC Report 236

Based on ECC Report 159 PAWS ETSI 301 598 Dynamic Spectrum sharing has been gaining ground

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 8 TV white spaces – first DSA application

Wi-Fi , 5 GHz • The first DSA Wi-Fi , 2.4 GHz implementations have targeted TV bands, for affordable coverage • They offer worldwide harmonisation potential

TV White Spaces, 600 MHz Source: BT Innovate & Design

8 September 2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 9 What are TV white spaces?

• Apply dynamic sharing, which gives access to unused spectrum (white spaces) in the terrestrial TV bands • This capacity can be tapped by a new generation of Wi-Fi, with much greater reach (sometimes called Super Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11af) • If we can use TVWS to deliver affordable Geolocation connectivity for the last 4 billion, in rural Database Africa etc., then we can do it in Wales….

Source: Ofcom BBC Newsnight clip 8 September 2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 10 Regulatory progress around the world has encouraged significant investment in TV white spaces technology

• Opening up affordable connectivity for people & things • Addition of 3.5 GHz band to the DSA pool provides further encouragement

1st/2nd Generation WSD 3rd Generation WSD < 20 Mbps ~100 Mbps IEEE 802.11af 1 4 + channel channels IEEE 802.22

2012 2017

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 11 Up to 300 TVWS networks in 35 countries

© 2016 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance A selection of TVWS case

studies Source: Ofcom

Larkhill Consultancy Limited 13 Cambridge – landmark TVWS trial 2011/2012

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 14 Oxford – Flood Monitoring

Live Map

8/9/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 15 Glasgow – smart campus

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 16 Tourism – mountain biking in the forest

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 17 Ferries in Orkney

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 18 Arran – first commercial broadband in Europe using TV white spaces • The island, known as ‘Scotland in Miniature’, is a perfect location to start with the technology. • Hilly and wooded terrain have not yielded to other approaches

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 19 Kenya – connecting rural classrooms

Bucket Fi video

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 20 Bhutan – connecting up remote health clinics

Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 14/07/2016 21 Philippines Fishing communities and schools have benefited from TVWS networks

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 22 Jamaica – connected nation

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 23 In Summary

• Enhancing coverage as well as capacity requires innovative approaches to accessing spectrum • New dynamic spectrum sharing technology is able to harness unused spectrum to extend coverage and enable affordable access – for people and things (IoT) • Applications of DSA/TVWS around the world have demonstrated the benefits to rural and urban communities • In the UK, Broadway Partners has developed a commercial model for applying TVWS technology in a hybrid infrastructure – working with Nominet, Microsoft and the University of Strathclyde

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 24 To find out more …

• Please contact: Andrew Stirling [email protected]

14/07/2016 Larkhill Consultancy Limited 25 Further reading

• Centre for White Space Communications – University of Strathclyde • Dynamic Spectrum Alliance – white space applications around the world • Clip from BBC Newsnight (from August 2014, before the regulation was passed) • UK TV white spaces regulations – entered force at the start of 2016 • ECC REPORT 159 Technical and operational requirements for the possible operation of cognitive radio systems in the ‘white spaces’ of the frequency band 470-790 MHz • ECC Report 236 Guidance for national implementation of a regulatory framework for TV WSD using geolocation databases

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