White Spaces:Spaces: Technologicaltechnological Contextcontext && Internationalinternational Outlookoutlook

Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione WhiteWhite Spaces:Spaces: TechnologicalTechnological ContextContext && InternationalInternational OutlookOutlook

Fulvio Ananasso Director of Studies, Research & Education

Giornata di studio “White Spaces: dalla TV ad Internet” Torino, 24 Ottobre 2011 www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 OutlineOutline Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione 1. WHITE SPACES IN EUROPE • Introduction • Regulatory implications & cognitive functionalities for using white spaces based on RSPG activities • Some RSPG activities in progress • CEPT technical activities • UK approach and trials • The Italian scenario – the ISBUL Research Program and “Catasto delle Frequenze” 2. WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE • U.S. FCC approach and trials • IEEE • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 3. WHITE SPACES – A COMMECIAL INITIATIVE (ASA) 4. CONCLUSIONS www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 2 OutlineOutline Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione 1.1. WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE • Introduction • Regulatory implications & cognitive functionalities for using white spaces based on RSPG activities • Some RSPG activities in progress • CEPT technical activities • UK approach and trials • The Italian scenario – the ISBUL Research Program and “Catasto delle Frequenze” 2. WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE • U.S. FCC approach and trials • IEEE • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 3. WHITE SPACES – A COMMECIAL INITIATIVE (ASA) 4. CONCLUSIONS www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 3 WHITE SPACES: preliminary definitions Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione “… to allow unlicensed radio transmitters to operate in the broadcast television spectrum at locations where that spectrum is not being used by licensed service (this unused TV spectrum is often labeled as ‘white Space’)” [Source: FCC] “’White Space’ is a label indicating a part of the spectrum, which is available for a radiocommunication application (service, system) at a given time in a given geographical area on a non-interfering / non-protected basis with regard to other services with a higher priority on a national Basis” [Source: CEPT Report 24] White spaces power time

frequency

Spectrum in use www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 4 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione IntroductionIntroduction (1/2)(1/2) In the EU2020 growth strategy, and in particular the Digital Agenda, one of the key objectives for the EU policy is to enhance the quality of life of European citizens. This includes lowering access barriers to spectrum for new uses and users, in so promoting innovation and competition, strengthening the internal market and fostering digital inclusion and social cohesion. Spectrum management can contribute to efforts to bridge the digital divide through enabling ubiquitous broadband access, highly contributing therefore to the objectives of smart, inclusive, sustainable growth envisaged in the EU2020 strategy. In this context, the RSPG (Radio Spectrum Policy Group), established by the European Commission, plays a major role. The possible use of white spaces spectrum has already been addressed in the RSPG work on Digital Dividend, Cognitive Technologies, Short Range Devices under the CUS model (Collective Use of Spectrum), and in general the RSPP (Radio Spectrum Policy Program). www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 5 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione IntroductionIntroduction (2/2)(2/2) The possible use of white spaces, although a general concept, has been recently addressed mainly in the frequency band 470-790 MHz (TV band), based on the activities related to the digital switchover of broadcasting networks. Some aspects related to the possible use of white spaces were discussed at European level by the RSPG (Radio Spectrum Policy Group), chaired by AGCOM in 2010 (presently vice chair). Examples are the following RSPG Opinions : 9 Opinion on Cognitive Technologies, February 2011 9 Opinion on the Radio Spectrum Policy Program, June 2010 9 Opinion on the Digital Dividend, September 2009 9 Opinion on Collective Use of Spectrum, November 2008 www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 6 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CCognitiveognitive functionalitiesfunctionalities (1/5)(1/5) In its Opinion on Cognitive Technologies (RSPG10-348 Final), RSPG addressed different methods Cognitive Radio can use to acquire information about the operating radio environment -- both separately or in combination. ƒ Sensing is a functionality whereby a scan of (a dedicated part of) the spectrum is made to provide a real-time “map” of the radio environment. Sensing is a technology that is still under development ƒ A Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC) is a dedicated carrier providing frequency usage information for the intended band in a given area – e.g. transmitting beacon signals. CPC as a concept is still in the equipment research phase. Both technical and business evaluations are currently ongoing on the implementation of a CPC. Some of these research activities on the CPC are ongoing in Europe, e. g. in the framework of FP7 and ETSI TC-RRS. ƒ Usage of a Data Base seems the most feasible and flexible way forward to provide reliable real time information updates on spectrum usage. Manufacturers will have to ensure that the CR device can connect to the suitable database(s) and provide the appropriate geo-location information and possibly other information that can be used to classify its use (e.g. fixed / mobile, indoor / outdoor, master / slave etc.). www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 7 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CCognitiveognitive functionalitiesfunctionalities (3/5)(3/5) RSPG recommends that (Opinion on Cognitive Technologies): 1. implementing measures to introduce the CR technologies could be left to Member states as long as border coordination issues are addressed for each band concerned and the work of CEPT and standardization bodies, including ETSI, as well as the following recommendations are taken into account; 2. a platform shall be created to allow researchers, academia, manufacturers, operators, service providers and regulators to coordinate research activities; this platform could be built upon already existing platforms with comparable purposes, notably COST-TERRA; 3. Administrations and the EC should request ETSI to study the relevant means that could be implemented in order to secure the access from CR devices to the relevant database and the exchange of information between them; www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 8 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CCognitiveognitive functionalitiesfunctionalities (4/5)(4/5) 4. Administrations, when implementing CR technologies that require to utilize databases should -- possibly with CEPT indications guidance: a. indicate how the databases should be certified or accredited, supplied and updated by national regulatory bodies, and to supply relevant information to CR systems; b. provide information to database managers on algorithms (HS); c. provide information on incumbents -- directly or through a designated entity; 5. Administrations, in relation with the EC and TCAM (Telecommunications Conformity Assessment and Market Surveillance Committee), should give ETSI relevant information on suitable data elements, equipment behavior and output signal radio characteristics, in order to allow ETSI to develop harmonized standards; www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 9 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CCognitiveognitive functionalitiesfunctionalities (5/5)(5/5) 6. where applicable, ETSI-developed Cognitive Radio harmonized standard should include: a. instruction for measurement / tests in support of the R&TTE-Directive; b. relevant information on how CR device could access only certified or authorized databases; c. HS (Harmony Search) information that should be given to CR devices from the database for a given period of time; d. information to be supplied by the CR device to the database including appropriate geo-location information; e. means to secure transmission between the database and CR device; 7. the European standardization bodies should liaise with similar institutions to foster worldwide coordination; a successful deployment of CRS will require economies of scale; 8. TCAM should keep updated Notified Bodies regarding specific requirements under the R&TTE Directive for CR devices; 9. EC should investigate whether research facilities can be made available to carry out some early stage testing on CR devices. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 10 WHITE SPACES IN EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Some RSPG activities in progress Some activities are in progress (e.g. RSPG WG on Collective Use and other spectrum sharing techniques in WP2011) such as: 9 review of innovative sharing arrangements applicable to the frequency spectrum in general; 9 analysis of sharing techniques to facilitate utilization of white space spectrum (generic approach), including review of progress on white spaces implementation in the broadcasting bands; 9 requirements for further RSPG work on shared access to spectrum. Particular attention on possible new regulatory approaches to spectrum sharing by different users (primary users / incumbents and new users), based on sharing conditions to give, if possible, some rights to the new users, making it possible for them to provide services with a predictable quality of service (QoS). It is now under consideration a new draft concept called ASA (Authorized Shared Access), recently proposed by an industry consortium. The new concept needs further investigation. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 11 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CEPTCEPT technicaltechnical activitiesactivities (1/4)(1/4)

In 2007, the European Commission requested the CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations) to study technical considerations regarding harmonization options for the Digital Dividend in the band 470- 862 MHz and to inspect preliminarily the practicability of implementation of new / future applications within the white space spectrum in that band. A project team from the CEPT Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) Spectrum Engineering Working Group - WG SE PT43 - is in charge of defining technical and operational requirements for CR operation in the “white spaces” of the UHF broadcasting band (470-790 MHz), with the aim at guaranteeing the protection of incumbent radio systems.

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 12 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CEPTCEPT technicaltechnical activitiesactivities (2/4)(2/4) On 27 June 2008, in response to the EC Mandate, the CEPT Report 24 (Report C) was issued : “A preliminary assessment of the feasibility of fitting new / future applications / services into non-harmonised spectrum of the digital dividend (namely the so-called "white spaces" between allotments)”. Such Report is a preliminary view of the practicability of implementation of new / future applications in the white space spectrum -- 470-862 MHz band. 9 The re-planning activity started after Geneva 06 Agreement and the WRC-2007, that identified digital dividend at 800 MHz, has reduced the potential for white spaces availability. 9 Any new white space applications should be used on a non protected and non interfering basis. In parallel, the Frequency Management Working Group (WG FM) must cooperate with ETSI to identify possible candidate bands for services implementing CR technologies. Two categories of bands are considered: 9 bands already used by systems evolving towards CR by implementing cognitive functionalities, and 9 bands, already assigned to primary systems, where secondary systems can be introduced provided that harmful interference is avoided by means of cognitive technologies. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 13 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CEPTCEPT technicaltechnical activitiesactivities (3/4)(3/4) In 2011 the CEPT Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) approved the ECC REPORT 159 on “Technical and operational requirements for the possible operation of cognitive radio systems in the ‘white spaces’ of the frequency band 470-790 MHz”. The report identifies a range of possible deployment scenarios for white space devices (WSDs) and, in the absence of specific system characteristics related to WSDs, sets up some key assumptions, such as the use of OFDM technology for WSDs, in order to perform first sharing studies. This resulted in a number of different recommendations for the technical and operational requirements that should be applied to WSD operating in the frequency band 470-790 MHz to protect the various incumbents. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 14 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CEPTCEPT technicaltechnical activitiesactivities (4/4)(4/4) The main conclusion when dealing with protection of broadcasting services is that the use of a geo-location database appears to be the most feasible option. Administrations who intend to authorize the use of geo-location database to assist WSD use, will have to decide on the most appropriate parameters and algorithms that are the most relevant for their own specific national circumstances. The report also dealt with some aspects about the protection of Program Making & Special Events (PMSE), Radio Astronomy (RAS) in the 608-614 MHz band, Aeronautical Radio Navigation (ARNS) in the 645-790 MHz band, and Mobile / Fixed services in bands adjacent to 470-790 MHz band. However, the methodologies adopted are not fully developed. Some issues were not fully defined and require further assessment, taking into account the innovative nature of cognitive techniques, the ongoing research and industry activities in this field. It is then recognized that the Report may need to be updated in a relatively short timeframe, in order to reflect the latest technology developments and to deal with some aspects not fully defined and developed in the Report. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 15 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK roadroad--mapmap (1/3)(1/3) Since its launch in 2005, the OFCOM Digital Dividend Review (DDR) has considered how to make the spectrum freed up by digital switchover (DSO) available for new uses. This includes the capacity available within the spectrum that will be retained to carry the national DTT multiplexes after DSO, and lies between 470 and 790MHz. In the 2007 statement on DDR, OFCOM considered the use of interleaved spectrum by license-exempt devices concluding that this should be the appropriate use as long as it would not cause harmful interference to licensed uses -- including DTT and PMSE. February 2009: OFCOM published a consultation entitled “Digital dividend: cognitive access. Consultation on license-exempting cognitive devices using interleaved spectrum” -- on the sensing threshold levels that would be needed for license-exempt devices making use of sensing alone. July 2009: in a subsequent (the “July 2009 Statement”) “Digital dividend: cognitive access. Statement on license-exempting cognitive WSDs using interleaved spectrum” OFCOM concluded that, for use by a license-exempt devices, the beacon approach was inferior to the other two Æ appropriate to proceed with regulation enabling both sensing and geo-location. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 16 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK roadroad--mapmap (2/3)(2/3) November 2009: OFCOM published a discussion document entitled “Digital Dividend: Geolocation for Cognitive Access. A discussion on using geolocation to enable licence-exempt access to the interleaved spectrum” (the “November 2009 Consultation”). November 2010: based on the responses received, workshops held with key stakeholders and further analysis, OFCOM published its Implementing geo-location consultation, seeking comments from interested stakeholders, including potential database administrators. September 2011: OFCOM published a statement which set out OFCOM’s intention to allow White Space Devices (WSDs) to access the TV white space providing that no harmful interference is caused to existing services. In this document the approach is based on the geo-location database use, along with the ultimate ability of the regulator to control the emission levels allowed by databases and to prevent WSDs from transmitting if necessary. OFCOM also explained the UK’s preference for a harmonised approach to WSDs across Europe, which it considered would deliver greatest benefits for citizens and consumers. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 17 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK roadroad--mapmap (3/3)(3/3) OFCOM also plans to work with stakeholders to make information about existing licensed services that operate in the TV band available to prospective database providers. OFCOM will also specify consult further on the database requirements and the providers that wish to be accredited by OFCOM. OFCOM expects that White Space technology could be launched in the UK in 2013. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 18 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK approachapproach (1/2)(1/2) White Space technology will work in a similar way to Wi-Fi, which uses a wireless router to send and receive information to other wireless devices. The main difference is that the White Space router – or ‘master’ device as it is known technically – will first need to consult a list of databases hosted online. It will notify one of these databases of its location and update it on a regular basis. The database will then return details of the radio-frequencies and power levels it is allowed to use. This will ensure that the devices do not interfere with existing licensed users of the spectrum, which include Digital Terrestrial Television and wireless microphone users. OFCOM has decided to allow multiple third-party providers to develop databases, which will create a competitive marketplace and incentivize operators to provide the best database. OFCOM has decided to make White Space devices license exempt. This means that they will be allowed to operate without the need for an OFCOM license on the condition that they do not cause harmful interference to existing users of the spectrum. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 19 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK approachapproach (2/2)(2/2)

Database-assisted access to white spaces: 1. WSD consult a list of WSDBs on a website hosted by Ofcom or third party and selects its preferred WSDB; 2. WSD sends its location and device attributes to a selected WSDB; 3. WSDB returns operating parameters (e.g. Maximum radiated power & frequency) to the WSD based on protection criteria and requirements defined by Ofcom; WSDM will take information by a database of incumbent licensed users and, based on a technical algorithm, will identifies available TV channels and computes maximum permitted WSD power; 4. WSD radiates according to the operating parameters specified by WSDB. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 20 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK CambridgeCambridge TrailsTrails (1/5)(1/5) In the meantime, starting in June 2011, trials are underway in Cambridge (UK) to explore the use of white spaces in broadcasting band for other wireless applications. The trial is attempting to show how this unused broadcasting spectrum can be used to supplement existing wireless broadband and cellular networks without impacting on TV broadcast services in order to meet the increasing demand for mobile data. The consortium involved in the trial includes broadcasters, operators, consultants, software companies and manufacturers. Some of the applications they are hoping to demonstrate using white space technology include wireless data services in urban centres, home networks, mobile broadband in rural areas and support to an array of intelligent connected devices that communicate with one another (“Internet of Things”). www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 21 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK CambridgeCambridge TrailsTrails (2/5)(2/5) The Consortium Partners are BBC, BSkyB, BT, Cambridge Consultants, Microsoft Corp, Neul, Nokia, Samsung, Spectrum Bridge Inc. and TTP.

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 22 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK CambridgeCambridge TrailsTrails (3/5)(3/5) The biggest TVWS trial in the world, made possible with a multi-site test licence from OFCOM 9 ~14 UHF channels are available for use, in the range 470 to 790 MHz 9 in depth test and measurement programme designed to feed into regulatory framework development 9 mix of urban and rural access point locations 9 multiple geo-location databases 9 multiple use cases

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 23 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK CambridgeCambridge TrailsTrails (4/5)(4/5) Devices being trialled concern WiFi, Rural Broadband and Machine to Machine communications (M2M). Enhanced Wi-Fi: The majority of current Wi-Fi devices operate in spectrum at 2.4 GHz. White Spaces could provide new capacity, while boosting the range of devices, potentially enabling Wi-Fi networks that stretch across towns and cities. This is thanks to the lower frequency of TV White Spaces (typically between 470 and 790 MHz). Rural broadband: White Spaces could be used to provide rural locations with broadband services. In practice, this could be achieved by building a network of transmitters that use White Spaces to link remote houses and villages to larger towns that are already connected to the internet. Trials are currently being undertaken by industry to test this on the island of Bute, Scotland. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 24 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione UKUK CambridgeCambridge TrailsTrails (5/5)(5/5)

Machine-to-Machine Communications: A relatively new area of innovation, Machine-to-Machine Communications allows information to be exchanged between devices. Many experts believe that in the coming years billions of devices will be able to connect wirelessly and via the internet for a range of applications. White spaces could be used to wirelessly transmit this information, using its additional range to reach deep inside buildings. This could be especially useful for wirelessly measuring utility meters in consumers’ homes – just one of a wide number of potential applications. Other examples include using White Spaces to make it easier for scientists to conduct research by automating the measurement of different readings.

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 25 Obiettivi Programma ISBUL Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione“Infrastrutture e Servizi a Banda Larga e UltraLarga” Porre le basi per un presidio permanente dell’Autorità sulle tematiche tecnologiche, normative, economiche, … relative agli aspetti infrastrutturali delle Reti di Nuova Generazione a banda larga e ultra larga, al fine di ottenere risultati utili alla promozione e allo sviluppo delle reti, a vantaggio dell’intera collettività, relativamente a: ƒ Accesso “Fiber To The x” (FTTx) nello sviluppo della NGAN ƒ Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) ƒ Digital Dividend e uso dello Spettro < 3,5 GHz ƒ Neutralità della Rete e Sicurezza delle Infrastrutture di TLC ƒ Contenuti Audiovisivi e Media ƒ Aspetti normativi / opere civili / condivisione condotti e infrastrutture ƒ Aspetti economici, Business Planning e opzioni di finanziamento, modelli investimenti pubblici / privati (PPP) ƒ Impatto della Regolamentazione sull’Economia; …. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 26 ProgrammaProgramma ISBULISBUL Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione ƒ Il Programma di Ricerca, del valore di 700.000 euro, è articolato su 3 aree disciplinari (Progetti Tecnologico, Economico e Giuridico) e 14 sottoprogetti (Work Packages) completato nel 2009 ƒ numerose Università coinvolte, con i più importanti accademici della materia -- Milano (Bocconi e Politecnico), Napoli Federico II, Roma (LUISS, Roma Tre, Sapienza e Tor Vergata), Siena, Politecnico di Torino, Imperial College (Londra) ƒ valore aggiunto specifico dalla trasversalità dei temi trattati e dall’approccio metodologico che stimola sia gli approfondimenti “verticali” (all’interno delle 3 aree disciplinari), sia quelli “interdisciplinari” -- temi trasversali ai diversi progetti / sottoprogetti: D promozione di investimenti efficienti e condivisione dei rischi D ladder of investment e nuovi modelli di accesso D gestione della transizione verso le NGN D mercati geografici e digital divide D digital spectrum dividend www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 27 ProgramProgram Management Management Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione F.AnanassoF.Ananasso Steering Committee inter-Struttura AGCom (SCom) WPWP 0 0 (Assistenza (Assistenza Program Program Management) Management) - - C.Leporelli C.Leporelli M.ListantiM.Listanti A.Nicita A.Nicita G.Napolitano G.Napolitano PROGETTOPROGETTO 1. 1. Quadro Quadro PROGETTOPROGETTO 2. 2. Quadro Quadro PROGETTOPROGETTO 3. 3. Quadro Quadro TecnicoTecnico Infrastrutturale Infrastrutturale EconomicoEconomico Regolatorio Regolatorio GiuridicoGiuridico Normativo Normativo (QTI)(QTI) – – A.Milan A.Milan (QER)(QER) – – I.Pinto I.Pinto (QGN)(QGN) A.Vercelli A.Vercelli WP 1.1. WP 1.1. WPWP 2.1. 2.1. Nuovi Nuovi Modelli Modelli WPWP 2.1.Semplificazione 2.1.Semplificazione Infrastrutture di Rete Infrastrutture di Rete InterconnessioneInterconnessione AmministrativaAmministrativa Fissa - M.Dècina Fissa - M.Dècina C.CambiniC.Cambini G.G. Napolitano Napolitano WP 1.2. Accesso Radio WP 1.2. Accesso Radio WPWP 2.2. 2.2. Opzioni Opzioni WPWP 3.2. 3.2. Servizi Servizi / / M.Ajmone Marsan M.Ajmone Marsan FinanziamentoFinanziamento NGN NGN ApplicazioniApplicazioni di di Pubblica Pubblica S.FrovaS.Frova UtilitàUtilità – – G. G. De De Minico Minico WPWP 1.3. 1.3. Catasto Catasto InfrastruttureInfrastrutture WPWP 2.3. 2.3. Fattori Fattori WPWP 3.3. 3.3. V.V. Del Del Giudice Giudice AbilitantiAbilitanti Domanda Domanda di di GovernanceGovernance di di Sistema Sistema ServiziServizi - - A. A. Del Del Monte Monte A.A. Nicita Nicita WPWP 1.4. 1.4. NGN NGN Service Service Layer – L.Paura WP 2.4. Impatto Layer – L.Paura WP 2.4. Impatto WPWP 3.4. 3.4. InvestimentiInvestimenti NGN NGN Obblighi Co-locazione WP 1.5. Trasmissione Obblighi Co-locazione WP 1.5. Trasmissione sullosullo Sviluppo Sviluppo Accordi Condivisione contenuti TV / Accordi Condivisione contenuti TV / EconomicoEconomico del del Paese Paese Istallazioni – G.Visentini Multimediali – L.Paura Istallazioni – G.Visentini Multimediali – L.Paura F.F. Sacco Sacco www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 AGCOMAGCOM ResearchResearch ProgramsPrograms Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione The ISBUL Research Program (2008-2010) addressed juridical, technological and economic aspects of Infrastructures and Services for Broadband and Ultra-Broadband Networks, in collaboration with several Italian Universities: - Milan (Bocconi and Polytechnic), Naples (Federico II) - Rome (LUISS, Roma Tre, Sapienza e Tor Vergata) - Siena, Polytechnic of Turin and Imperial College (London) The “SCREEN” Research Program (2012) focuses on Services and Contents for Next Generation Networks, in collaboration with: - Universities of Roma (Roma Tre, Sapienza), Bologna, Urbino, IULM (Milan) and telematic University “Nettuno” - Fondazione Ugo Bordoni (FUB) - Bocconi University (Milan) - Federico II University (Naples) - Polytechnic of Turin www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 29 ProgramProgram Management Management (AGCOM) (AGCOM) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione

WPWP 1.1. WPWP 2.2. WPWP 3.3. WPWP 4.4. LaLa SocietàSocietà LaLa domandadomanda didi L’offertaL’offerta didi serviziservizi II mercatimercati deidei dell’Informazione:dell’Informazione: serviziservizi digitalidigitali digitalidigitali ee serviziservizi ee contenuticontenuti utenti,utenti, contenuticontenuti ee FutureFuture InternetInternet digitalidigitali socialsocial networksnetworks TaskTask 3.1.3.1. TaskTask 4.1.4.1. II serviziservizi perper gligli InnovazioneInnovazione neinei TaskTask 1.1.1.1. TaskTask 2.1.2.1. utentiutenti ee lele mercatimercati deidei serviziservizi GliGli utentiutenti IlIl digitaldigital dividedivide impreseimprese digitalidigitali Task 4.2. TaskTask 1.2.1.2. TaskTask 1.2.1.2. TaskTask 3.2.3.2. Task 4.2. La concorrenza II contenuticontenuti L’L’e-inclusione-inclusion LeLe piattaformepiattaforme La concorrenza neinei nuovinuovi mercatimercati applicativeapplicative TaskTask 1.3.1.3. TaskTask 4.3.4.3. II socialsocial TaskTask 3.3.3.3. AGCOM InternetInternet economyeconomy networksnetworks FutureFuture internet:internet: ee motorimotori didi ricercaricerca gligli scenariscenari ProgrammaProgramma didi RicercaRicerca TaskTask 3.4.3.4. Università / 20122012 ““ServiziServizi ee ContenutiContenuti FutureFuture internet:internet: ii Enti di Ricerca perper lele NGNNGN”” (SCREEN)(SCREEN) fattorifattori abilitantiabilitanti www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 30 Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione ““tagtag cloudcloud””

Telepresence Cloud Computing Net Neutrality Telemedecine End-User Innovation Netcitizen Internet of things Telework SCREENSCREEN E-learning Persuasive Content Unlocking Media Future Internet Social Network Copyright & Copyleft Web 3.0 Blogs Prosumer

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 31 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (1/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (1/12)

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (2/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (2/12)

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (3/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (3/12)

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 34 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (4/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (4/12)

A Geographic Proximity Query www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 35 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (5/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (5/12)

DVB-T/H transmitters within 500 m range

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 36 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (6/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (6/12)

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 37 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (7/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (7/12)

DVB-T/H transmitters within 1 km range www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 38 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (8/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (8/12)

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 39 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (9/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (9/12)

DVB-T/H transmitters within 10 km range www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 40 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (10/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (10/12)

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 41 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (11/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (11/12)

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 42 AN ENABLING TOOL: CATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (12/12) Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneCATASTO DELLE FREQUENZE (12/12)

The returned output from the tool:

A DVB-T / H coverage DB can be realized based on available DB, showing the effective occupancy of UHF channels at a given time in a given geographical area.

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 43 OutlineOutline Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione 1. WHITE SPACES IN EUROPE • Introduction • Regulatory implications & cognitive functionalities for using white spaces based on RSPG activities • Some RSPG activities in progress • CEPT technical activities • UK approach and trials • The Italian scenario – the “ISBUL” Research Program and “Catasto delle Frequenze” 2.2. WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES OUTSIDEOUTSIDE EUROPEEUROPE • U.S. FCC approach and trials • IEEE • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 3. WHITE SPACES – A COMMECIAL INITIATIVE (ASA) 4. CONCLUSIONS www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 44 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione U.S. FCC (1/6) RSPG Opinion on Cognitive Technologies includes also information on work outside Europe (FCC and IEEE) and list of FCC documents on Cognitive Radio in U.S. TV White Spaces. In 2002 the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) established a Spectrum Policy Task Force (SPTF) to identify and evaluate changes in spectrum policy that will increase the public benefits derived from the use of radio spectrum. Based on SPTF’s report, the FCC issued a Notice of Inquiry in 2002 concerning additional spectrum for unlicensed devices below 900 MHz and in the 3 GHz band. This opened up the possibility of using the "fallow" UHF TV bands for unlicensed devices. Between 2003 and 2010, a series of exploratory documents were followed by Notices of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRMs) and Reports and Orders. In November 2008 the FCC unanimously agreed to open up the white space unused spectrum that sits between TV channels for unlicensed use. Even so, technical issues to allow device makers and service providers to use the spectrum still need to be worked out. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 45 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione U.S. FCC (2/6)

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 46 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione U.S. FCC (3/6) In September 2010 the FCC approved rules for the use of unlicensed white space spectrum in a move that could pave the way for more unused wireless spectrum to be released in the future. FCC-10-174 (Second Memorandum Opinion & Order) expresses their "final" position on the matter. This document addresses a wide variety of issues relating to unlicensed use of the TV bands, including: – Protection criteria for Incumbent Authorised Services – Technical rules for TV band devices – Database Requirements for TV band devices – Channels that can be used by TV band devices (e.g. fixed devices cannot operate on channels adjacent to occupied TV channels) – Technical requirements and cognitive capabilities. In particular, FCC-10-174 approves a number of measures to simplify co-existence with existing services already using the spectrum. The Order eliminates the requirement that radios (incorporating geo- location and database access) must first sense TV broadcast signals. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 47 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione U.S. FCC (4/6) It would not be required to include spectrum sensing technology in new devices to ensure that these products do not interfere with other services. Instead, devices will query a special geo-location database that makes sure no one is using that spectrum before it transmits. This database check is requested to prevent white space services from interfering with broadcast TV signals. Among these measures, the Order dedicates two vacant UHF channels for wireless microphones and other low power auxiliary service devices in all areas of the United States. In the event where the two reserved UHF channels are unavailable or insufficient, unlicensed wireless microphone users are required to register in the TV band databases to receive the same geographical spacing protections as licensed Wireless Microphone users. It was also established by FCC-10-174 to select (third party) companies that will manage the database going forward. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 48 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione U.S. FCC (5/6) Thus, in February 2011 (Order DA 11-131), FCC designate 9 entities as TV bands device database administrators, subject to FCC conditions. Entities are: Comsearch, Frequency Finder Inc., Google Inc., KB Enterprises LLC and LS Telcom, Key Bridge Global LLC, Neustar Inc., Spectrum Bridge Inc., Telcordia Technologies, and WSdb LLC The TV bands databases will be used to identify unused channels that are available at their geographic locations and the designated administrators will develop the databases that are necessary to enable the introduction of this new class of broadband wireless devices in the TV spectrum. Each database will be subject to a public trial period of not less than 45 days to ensure that the database is providing accurate results before it is allowed to be made available for regular public use.

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 49 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione U.S. FCC (6/6)

In September 2011 FCC announced that on September 19, 2011 a 45-day public trial of Spectrum Bridge Inc.’s TV band database system would be started. That was a limited trial mainly intended to allow the public to access and test Spectrum Bridge’s database system to ensure that it correctly identifies channels that are available for unlicensed TV band devices, properly registers those facilities entitled to protection, and provides protection to authorized services and registered facilities as specified in the rules. FCC encouraged all interested parties to test the database and provide appropriate feedback to Spectrum Bridge.

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 50 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione IEEE Standardisation work is underway at the IEEE in a number of areas as a result of the FCC’s action on Cognitive Radio. IEEE 802.22 Working Group on Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN) Enabling Rural Broadband Wireless Access Using Cognitive Radio Technology in TV Whitespaces is working on the project. The IEEE has standardised Cognitive Radio techniques as part of 802.22 (WRAN) that was the first WRAN standard to incorporate CR techniques for use by license-exempt devices on a non-interfering basis in spectrum that is allocated to the TV Broadcast Service. Completed Projects – IEEE 802.22-2011(TM) Standard for Cognitive Wireless Regional Area Networks (RAN) for Operation in TV Bands was published as Official IEEE Standard on July 1st, 2011. – IEEE 802.22.1-2010(TM) Standard for the Enhanced Interference Protection of the Licensed Devices was published as Official IEEE Standard on November 1st, 2010. On-going Project: IEEE P802.22.2 (Standard for Recommended Practice for Installation and Deployment of 802.22 Systems) www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 51 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneInternational Telecom.Union (ITU) (1/2) In 2007, the ITU World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-07) adopted new agenda item 1.19 requiring WRC-12 to consider regulatory measures for the introduction of Software- Defined Radio (SDR) and Cognitive Radio Systems (CRS). In this regard, WRC-07 adopted Resolution 956 (WRC-07), inviting ITU-R to study the need for regulatory measures related to the application of SDR and CRS. RSPG view on WRC-12 agenda item 1.19 is that particular attention needs to be paid in ensuring that flexibility at European level to implement such new and innovative technologies will not be unduly constrained by Radio Regulations. WRC-12 will take place in Geneva from 23 January to 17 February 2012. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 52 WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e FormazioneInternational Telecom.Union (ITU) (2/2) Analysis of results of the studies and methods proposed for WRC-12 agenda item 1.19 have been reflected in draft text of the Conference Preparatory Meeting (CPM). 3 methods are proposed for CRS: 9 the 1st method consists in making no change to the Radio Regulations and developing relevant ITU-R Recommendations and Reports; 9 the 2nd method proposes to develop a WRC Resolution calling for studies on CRS with special emphasis on sharing issues. Based on those studies, ITU-R Recommendations and Reports would be developed; 9 the 3rd method proposes the development of a WRC Resolution calling for studies on CRS. The resolution would also exclude the operation of CRS in some bands, e.g. those used by space services (Space-to- Earth) or Radio Astronomy, until the studies have been completed. In addition, the resolution would oblige CRS to avoid operations in bands used by safety services. This method reflects the concerns expressed by some ITU-R working parties that CRS, which dynamically search for a free channel, may not be capable of detecting low-power signals of other services or sporadic operation of some radio links – thus causing harmful interference. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 53 OutlineOutline Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione 1. WHITE SPACES IN EUROPE • Introduction • Regulatory implications & cognitive functionalities for using white spaces based on RSPG activities • Some RSPG activities in progress • CEPT technical activities • UK approach and trials • The Italian scenario – the ISBUL Research Program and “Catasto delle Frequenze” 2. WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE • U.S. FCC approach and trials • IEEE • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 3.. WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES –– COMMERCIALCOMMERCIAL INITIATIVEINITIATIVE (ASA)(ASA) 4. CONCLUSIONS www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 54 WHITE SPACES Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Commercial Initiative “ASA” (1/8) Qualcomm and Nokia propose Authorized Shared Access (ASA) to spectrum as a "third way" with respect to licensed and license-exempt regimes for freeing up spectrum for commercial mobile broadband.

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 55 WHITE SPACES Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Commercial Initiative “ASA” (2/8) Ubiquitous and affordable access to the internet via mobile devices is key to democratizing the internet throughout European society and achieving the Digital Single Market. In this context, making available harmonized spectrum for mobile broadband in a timely manner becomes a priority for European spectrum policies. However, while non-commercial incumbent uses of spectrum, such as military, aeronautical and emergency services, remain as important as ever for Europe, the European Union and Member States are faced with an unprecedented challenge to making available new harmonized spectrum with appropriate characteristics below 6 GHz, for mobile broadband services. Development of a complementary authorization model for spectrum rights of use - “Authorized Shared Access” (ASA) -, which allows for a shared use of spectrum using cognitive radio technologies (geo- location databases, sensing, etc.) based on an individual authorization model of spectrum rights, could make available, in a timelywww.agcom.it manner, harmonized spectrum for mobile broadband. F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 56 WHITE SPACES Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Commercial Initiative “ASA” (3/8) An incumbent user’s use of its assigned spectrum could vary in the time, frequency and spatial domains. Alongside the use by the incumbent, a further user, the ASA user, can be granted an ASA right. It is a right to utilize under-used spectrum without interfering with the incumbent user. There may be one or several ASA users per frequency band as there may be one or several incumbent users. A key feature of ASA is to ensure a predictable quality of service for all rights holders and for consumers. ASA allows accommodating the commercial and non-commercial spectrum users’ (incumbent users) interests taking into account that spectrum rights do not have to be withdrawn from an incumbent user to be granted to another user. While enabling swift availability of harmonized spectrum for the delivery of pan-European services, ASA will also maintain governments’ sovereign rights over spectrum management and policy which take into account national requirements. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 57 WHITE SPACES Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Commercial Initiative “ASA” (4/8) The ASA approach is consistent with government exercising either a “command and control” spectrum management policy or a more market demand based approach. It is also progressive – as the industry adopts global mobile standards and service providers scale their service offerings over multiple jurisdictions, ASA can progressively enable spectrum to be brought into use much more efficiently in a dynamic manner to meet consumers' needs and demand From an economic point of view, ASA has the potential to create substantial benefits for the European Union. The modelling suggests that an assignment of 200 MHz of ASA spectrum, assuming 25% occupancy by the incumbent users, could result in direct benefits in the region of €65 billion per year. In addition, the indirect benefits for Europe could be considerable. These will include gaining a leadership position in cognitive radio development and enabling global standards adoption, leading to boosting economies of scale, more affordable and more capable devices for consumers as well as attracting investments. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 58 WHITE SPACES Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Commercial Initiative “ASA” (5/8) ASA entails a dynamic use of spectrum whenever and wherever it is unused by incumbent users: – on a shared and non-interference basis – subject to individual authorization (i.e. licensed) in bands allocated to the Mobile Service by the ITU (and identified by IMT) using cognitive radio techniques, i.e. geo-location databases complemented, if required, by sensing

ASA can unlock prime bands for 3G / 4G services requiring QoS

Device use bands (licensed, ASA, unlicensed) based on apps, QoS, tariff, bandwidth requirements www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 59 WHITE SPACES Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Commercial Initiative “ASA” (6/8)

fromfrom todaytoday……

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 60 WHITE SPACES Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Commercial Initiative “ASA” (7/8)

……toto tomorrowtomorrow !!

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 61 WHITE SPACES Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Commercial Initiative “ASA” (8/8) According to Nokia and Qualcomm, relative to license-exempt ASA could have benefits for sharers and incumbent users: • The incumbent will not receive harmful interference, and flexibility of sharer allows evolution of incumbent’s use • The sharer (ASA rights holder) can be held responsible for managing interference according to pre-defined / agreed criteria, giving additional security to the existing user • Sharers can receive assurances over the level of capacity and the operating conditions in the band 9guarantee quality of service, key for mobile broadband 9makes ASA spectrum attractive to future mobile broadband businesses, potentially diversifying access to spectrum • Potential for synergies between incumbent user and sharer, e.g. infrastructure sharing • Potential for collaboration and compensation – incumbent right holders can gain from ASA

www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 62 OutlineOutline Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione 1. WHITE SPACES IN EUROPE • Introduction • Regulatory implications & cognitive functionalities for using white spaces based on RSPG activities • Some RSPG activities in progress • CEPT technical activities • UK approach and trials • The Italian scenario – the ISBUL Research Program and “Catasto delle Frequenze” 2. WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE • U.S. FCC approach and trials • IEEE • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 3. WHITE SPACES – A COMMECIAL INITIATIVE (ASA) 4.4. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 63 CONCLUSIONS Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Next steps about White Spaces (1/2) Taking into account the preliminary nature of some elements related to the white spaces, the innovative nature of cognitive techniques and the ongoing research and industry activities in this field, it is recognized that some areas need to be studied and / or updated in order, for example, to reflect the latest developments in the technology. Main issues that will need further studies for implementing WS in the band 470-790 MHz band are: 1. Areas related to the regulatory framework 2. Areas related to WSD characteristics -- e.g. possible specification of the minimum required adjacent channel leakage ratio for the WSDs for use by geo-location databases 3. Technical considerations on the protection of the broadcasting service -- e.g. maximum permitted EIRP limits for WSDs www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 64 CONCLUSIONS Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Next steps about White Spaces (2/2) 4. Technical and regulatory considerations on the protection of Program Making & Special Events (PMSE) and other services 5. Protection of services in the bands adjacent to 470-790 MHz (further studies are needed on the impact from WSD on services in the bands adjacent to the 470-790 MHz band, e.g. on mobile service below 470 MHz and above 790 MHz) 6. Specification and implementation of the requirements for the geo-location database approach 7. Assessment of the consequential spectrum potentially available for WSD (it must be taken into consideration that in some cases it could not be possible to plan the use of WSDs in the UHF bands on a large scale and local assessments should be made, on a case by case, based on national circumstances) 8. Trials results and further studies are needed to support any choice about WSDs implementation. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 65 Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione

ThankThank youyou forfor youryour attentionattention !!!!!!

[email protected]@agcom.it

ISBUL Program Final Report: http://www.agcom.it/Default.aspx?message=contenuto&DCId=416 www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011