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White Spaces:Spaces: Technologicaltechnological Contextcontext && Internationalinternational Outlookoutlook Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione WhiteWhite Spaces:Spaces: TechnologicalTechnological ContextContext && InternationalInternational OutlookOutlook Fulvio Ananasso Director of Studies, Research & Education Giornata di studio “White Spaces: dalla TV ad Internet” Torino, 24 Ottobre 2011 www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 OutlineOutline Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione 1. WHITE SPACES IN EUROPE • Introduction • Regulatory implications & cognitive functionalities for using white spaces based on RSPG activities • Some RSPG activities in progress • CEPT technical activities • UK approach and trials • The Italian scenario – the ISBUL Research Program and “Catasto delle Frequenze” 2. WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE • U.S. FCC approach and trials • IEEE • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 3. WHITE SPACES – A COMMECIAL INITIATIVE (ASA) 4. CONCLUSIONS www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 2 OutlineOutline Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione 1.1. WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE • Introduction • Regulatory implications & cognitive functionalities for using white spaces based on RSPG activities • Some RSPG activities in progress • CEPT technical activities • UK approach and trials • The Italian scenario – the ISBUL Research Program and “Catasto delle Frequenze” 2. WHITE SPACES OUTSIDE EUROPE • U.S. FCC approach and trials • IEEE • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 3. WHITE SPACES – A COMMECIAL INITIATIVE (ASA) 4. CONCLUSIONS www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 3 WHITE SPACES: preliminary definitions Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione “… to allow unlicensed radio transmitters to operate in the broadcast television spectrum at locations where that spectrum is not being used by licensed service (this unused TV spectrum is often labeled as ‘white Space’)” [Source: FCC] “’White Space’ is a label indicating a part of the spectrum, which is available for a radiocommunication application (service, system) at a given time in a given geographical area on a non-interfering / non-protected basis with regard to other services with a higher priority on a national Basis” [Source: CEPT Report 24] White spaces power time frequency Spectrum in use www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 4 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione IntroductionIntroduction (1/2)(1/2) In the EU2020 growth strategy, and in particular the Digital Agenda, one of the key objectives for the EU policy is to enhance the quality of life of European citizens. This includes lowering access barriers to spectrum for new uses and users, in so promoting innovation and competition, strengthening the internal market and fostering digital inclusion and social cohesion. Spectrum management can contribute to efforts to bridge the digital divide through enabling ubiquitous broadband access, highly contributing therefore to the objectives of smart, inclusive, sustainable growth envisaged in the EU2020 strategy. In this context, the RSPG (Radio Spectrum Policy Group), established by the European Commission, plays a major role. The possible use of white spaces spectrum has already been addressed in the RSPG work on Digital Dividend, Cognitive Technologies, Short Range Devices under the CUS model (Collective Use of Spectrum), and in general the RSPP (Radio Spectrum Policy Program). www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 5 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione IntroductionIntroduction (2/2)(2/2) The possible use of white spaces, although a general concept, has been recently addressed mainly in the frequency band 470-790 MHz (TV band), based on the activities related to the digital switchover of broadcasting networks. Some aspects related to the possible use of white spaces were discussed at European level by the RSPG (Radio Spectrum Policy Group), chaired by AGCOM in 2010 (presently vice chair). Examples are the following RSPG Opinions : 9 Opinion on Cognitive Technologies, February 2011 9 Opinion on the Radio Spectrum Policy Program, June 2010 9 Opinion on the Digital Dividend, September 2009 9 Opinion on Collective Use of Spectrum, November 2008 www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 6 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CCognitiveognitive functionalitiesfunctionalities (1/5)(1/5) In its Opinion on Cognitive Technologies (RSPG10-348 Final), RSPG addressed different methods Cognitive Radio can use to acquire information about the operating radio environment -- both separately or in combination. Sensing is a functionality whereby a scan of (a dedicated part of) the spectrum is made to provide a real-time “map” of the radio environment. Sensing is a technology that is still under development A Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC) is a dedicated carrier providing frequency usage information for the intended band in a given area – e.g. transmitting beacon signals. CPC as a concept is still in the equipment research phase. Both technical and business evaluations are currently ongoing on the implementation of a CPC. Some of these research activities on the CPC are ongoing in Europe, e. g. in the framework of FP7 and ETSI TC-RRS. Usage of a Data Base seems the most feasible and flexible way forward to provide reliable real time information updates on spectrum usage. Manufacturers will have to ensure that the CR device can connect to the suitable database(s) and provide the appropriate geo-location information and possibly other information that can be used to classify its use (e.g. fixed / mobile, indoor / outdoor, master / slave etc.). www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 7 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CCognitiveognitive functionalitiesfunctionalities (3/5)(3/5) RSPG recommends that (Opinion on Cognitive Technologies): 1. implementing measures to introduce the CR technologies could be left to Member states as long as border coordination issues are addressed for each band concerned and the work of CEPT and standardization bodies, including ETSI, as well as the following recommendations are taken into account; 2. a platform shall be created to allow researchers, academia, manufacturers, operators, service providers and regulators to coordinate research activities; this platform could be built upon already existing platforms with comparable purposes, notably COST-TERRA; 3. Administrations and the EC should request ETSI to study the relevant means that could be implemented in order to secure the access from CR devices to the relevant database and the exchange of information between them; www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 8 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CCognitiveognitive functionalitiesfunctionalities (4/5)(4/5) 4. Administrations, when implementing CR technologies that require to utilize databases should -- possibly with CEPT indications guidance: a. indicate how the databases should be certified or accredited, supplied and updated by national regulatory bodies, and to supply relevant information to CR systems; b. provide information to database managers on algorithms (HS); c. provide information on incumbents -- directly or through a designated entity; 5. Administrations, in relation with the EC and TCAM (Telecommunications Conformity Assessment and Market Surveillance Committee), should give ETSI relevant information on suitable data elements, equipment behavior and output signal radio characteristics, in order to allow ETSI to develop harmonized standards; www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 9 WHITEWHITE SPACESSPACES ININ EUROPEEUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione CCognitiveognitive functionalitiesfunctionalities (5/5)(5/5) 6. where applicable, ETSI-developed Cognitive Radio harmonized standard should include: a. instruction for measurement / tests in support of the R&TTE-Directive; b. relevant information on how CR device could access only certified or authorized databases; c. HS (Harmony Search) information that should be given to CR devices from the database for a given period of time; d. information to be supplied by the CR device to the database including appropriate geo-location information; e. means to secure transmission between the database and CR device; 7. the European standardization bodies should liaise with similar institutions to foster worldwide coordination; a successful deployment of CRS will require economies of scale; 8. TCAM should keep updated Notified Bodies regarding specific requirements under the R&TTE Directive for CR devices; 9. EC should investigate whether research facilities can be made available to carry out some early stage testing on CR devices. www.agcom.it F. Ananasso – “White Spaces” - 24 Ottobre 2011 10 WHITE SPACES IN EUROPE Direzione Studi, Ricerca e Formazione Some RSPG activities in progress Some activities are in progress (e.g. RSPG WG on Collective Use and other spectrum sharing techniques in WP2011) such as: 9 review of innovative sharing arrangements applicable to the frequency spectrum in general; 9 analysis of sharing techniques to facilitate utilization of white space spectrum (generic approach), including review of progress on white spaces implementation in the broadcasting bands; 9 requirements for further RSPG work on shared access to spectrum. Particular attention on possible new regulatory
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