water Article Sediment Balance Estimation of the ‘Cuvette Centrale’ of the Congo River Basin Using the SWAT Hydrological Model Pankyes Datok 1,*, Sabine Sauvage 1,* , Clément Fabre 2 , Alain Laraque 3, Sylvain Ouillon 4,5 , Guy Moukandi N’kaya 6 and José-Miguel Sanchez-Perez 1 1 Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France;
[email protected] 2 Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland;
[email protected] 3 GET, UMR CNRS/IRD/UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France;
[email protected] 4 LEGOS, Université de Toulouse, IRD, CNRS, CNES, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France;
[email protected] 5 USTH, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam 6 LMEI/CUSI/ENSP/Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville BP 69, Congo;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] (P.D.);
[email protected] (S.S.) Abstract: In this study, the SWAT hydrological model was used to estimate the sediment yields in the principal drainage basins of the Congo River Basin. The model was run for the 2000–2012 period and calibrated using measured values obtained at the basins principal gauging station that controls 98% of the basin area. Sediment yield rates of 4.01, 5.91, 7.88 and 8.68 t km−2 yr−1 were estimated for Citation: Datok, P.; Sauvage, S.; the areas upstream of the Ubangi at Bangui, Sangha at Ouesso, Lualaba at Kisangani, and Kasai at Fabre, C.; Laraque, A.; Ouillon, S.; Kuto-Moke, respectively—the first three of which supply the Cuvette Centrale.