République Démocratique Du Congo MINISTERE DE L’AMENAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE, URBANISME, HABITAT, INFRASTRUCTURES, TRAVAUX PUBLICS ET RECONSTRUCTION

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République Démocratique Du Congo MINISTERE DE L’AMENAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE, URBANISME, HABITAT, INFRASTRUCTURES, TRAVAUX PUBLICS ET RECONSTRUCTION République Démocratique du Congo MINISTERE DE L’AMENAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE, URBANISME, HABITAT, INFRASTRUCTURES, TRAVAUX PUBLICS ET RECONSTRUCTION Public Disclosure Authorized Cellule Infrastructures PROJET DE REOUVERTURE ET D’ENTRETIEN DES ROUTES HAUTEMENT PRIORITAIRES PRO-ROUTES- ACTUALISATION DE L’ETUDE D’IMPACT ENVIRONNEMENTAL ET SOCIAL DES AXES DU FINANCEMENT ADDITIONNEL : Public Disclosure Authorized RN6/RN23 (Akula-Gemena-Libenge-Zongo) Volume 1 : Rapport EIES final Financement BM/DFID Public Disclosure Authorized Août 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized 2 TABLE DES MATIERES ACRONYMES .................................................................................................................................................................. 6 RESUME EXECUTIF ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………………………..13 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................. 20 1.1. CONTEXTE ...................................................................................................................................................... 20 1.2. OBJECTIFS DE L’ETUDE ................................................................................................................................... 20 1.3. METHODOLOGIE POUR L’EIES ....................................................................................................................... 20 1.4. STRUCTURATION DU RAPPORT ........................................................................................................................ 21 2. DESCRIPTION DU PROJET .............................................................................................................................. 22 2.1. PRESENTATION DU PROMOTEUR ..................................................................................................................... 22 2.2. OBJECTIFS DU PROJET ..................................................................................................................................... 22 2.3. PRESENTATION DES TRAVAUX A REALISER POUR LA RN6/RN23 .................................................................... 22 3. CADRE POLITIQUE, INSTITUTIONNEL ET JURIDIQUE ......................................................................... 25 3.1. CADRE POLITIQUE DE GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE ................................................................. 25 a. Le Plan National d’Action Environnemental (PNAE) ................................................................................... 25 b. La Stratégie nationale et le Plan d’action de la Diversité biologique ........................................................... 25 c. Le Plan d’Action National d’Adaptation aux changements climatiques (PANA) .......................................... 25 d. Le Document de Stratégie de Croissance et de Réduction de la Pauvreté (DSCRP) .................................... 25 e. Le Plan National de Développement Sanitaire (PNDS 2011-2015) .............................................................. 25 f. Le Cadre Stratégique de Mise en Œuvre de la Décentralisation (juillet 2009)............................................. 25 3.2. CADRE INSTITUTIONNEL DE GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE DU PROJET ....................................... 25 a. Le Ministère de l’Environnement, Conservation de la Nature et Tourisme ................................................. 25 b. Le Groupe d'Etudes Environnementales du Congo (GEEC) ......................................................................... 26 c. L’Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature ............................................................................... 26 d. Les Coordinations Provinciales de l’Environnement (CPE) ......................................................................... 26 e. Le Ministère de l’Aménagement du Territoire, Urbanisme, Habitat, Infrastructures, Travaux Publics et Reconstruction ........................................................................................................................................................ 26 f. L’Office des Routes ........................................................................................................................................ 27 g. L’Unité Environnementale et Sociale de la Cellule Infrastructures (UES-CI) .............................................. 27 h. Le Bureau d’Etudes pour la Gestion Environnementale et Sociale (BEGES) ............................................... 27 i. Les autres ministères impliqués dans la gestion environnementale et sociale du projet ............................... 27 j. Les Collectivités locales ................................................................................................................................ 28 k. Les Acteurs Non Gouvernementaux ............................................................................................................... 28 l. Analyse des capacités environnementales et sociales des acteurs impliqués dans le projet ......................... 28 3.3. CADRE JURIDIQUE DE GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE DU PROJET ................................................ 28 a. Législation environnementale et sociale nationale ........................................................................................ 28 b. Conventions Internationales en matière d’environnement ............................................................................ 30 c. Les politiques de sauvegarde de la Banque mondiale applicables au projet .............................................. 30 d. Les Principes de l’Équateur .......................................................................................................................... 31 e. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................................... 31 4. DESCRIPTION DU MILIEU RECEPTEUR ..................................................................................................... 32 4.1. L’ENVIRONNEMENT PHYSIQUE ....................................................................................................................... 32 a. Localisation géographique ............................................................................................................................ 32 a. Pédologie ....................................................................................................................................................... 32 b. Relief .............................................................................................................................................................. 32 c. Climat ............................................................................................................................................................ 34 d. Hydrographie................................................................................................................................................. 34 4.2. L’ENVIRONNEMENT BIOLOGIQUE ................................................................................................................... 35 a. Flore .............................................................................................................................................................. 35 b. Faune ............................................................................................................................................................. 37 c. Aires protégées et conservation de la nature ................................................................................................. 38 4.3. L’ENVIRONNEMENT SOCIOCULTUREL ET ECONOMIQUE .................................................................................. 39 a. Présentation et démographie du District du Sud-Ubangi ............................................................................. 39 b. Structure de la société ................................................................................................................................... 40 c. Infrastructures socioéconomiques ................................................................................................................. 41 3 d. Urbanisme et habitat ..................................................................................................................................... 44 e. Secteurs productifs: agriculture, exploitation forestière et chasse ................................................................ 45 4.4. SCHEMA LINEAIRE DES AXES ROUTIERS .......................................................................................................... 47 4.5. ANALYSE DE LA SENSIBILITE ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE..................................................................... 50 a. Les enjeux environnementaux et sociaux ....................................................................................................... 50 b. Importance accordée aux enjeux identifiés .................................................................................................... 50 5. ANALYSE DES VARIANTES ............................................................................................................................ 51 5.1. VARIANTE « SANS PROJET » ..........................................................................................................................
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