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KISHIDAIA, No.117, Aug ＫＩＳＨＩＤＡＩＡ Bulletin of Tokyo Spider Study Group No.117, Aug. 2020 ─ 目 次 ─ 奥村賢一：ヤチグモ類奇形個体の事例 ……………........................…………................………...….. 1 馬場友希・河野勝行：アマミホウシグモによるコヒゲジロハサミムシの捕食 …..................…….…. 4 馬場友希・吉田 譲：福島県からのババハシリグモの初記録 .....................................................… 7 新海 明：スズミグモの網構造の再検討 ………................................…………................…..…….. 9 鈴木佑弥：野外におけるシラホシコゲチャハエトリの雄間闘争の観察 …………...............………..… 14 鈴木佑弥・奥村賢一：静岡県におけるヤクチビヤチグモの記録 ................................................... 18 鈴木佑弥・安藤昭久：イッカクコブガシラヌカグモ (新称) の分布記録 ....................................... 22 平松毅久・嶋田順一：晩秋の奥武蔵にカネコトタテグモを探して ................................................ 27 平松毅久：埼玉県でムナアカナルコグモを採集 ......................................................................... 31 長井聡道：ヤスダコモリグモの生態 ........................................................................................ 34 平松毅久：本土産ナルコグモと卵のうが微妙に違う南西諸島産 Wendilgarda （カラカラグモ科） .... 39 DRAGLINES 馬場友希・中島 淳：福岡県におけるマダラフクログモの初記録 ….......................................... 44 馬場友希・中島 淳・奥村賢一：福岡県北九州市白島 (男島) におけるクモの追加記録 .............. 45 笹岡文雄：プランターから採集されたナナメケシグモ ..…………......…….…….…...............…….. 46 嶋田順一：「はやにえ」にされたジョロウクモを見て思うこと ….............................................. 46 嶋田順一・吉野光代：天覧山でクモタケが大量発生 …………...............…………......................... 48 加藤俊英・馬場友希：ワイノジハエトリの千葉県からの採集記録 …………..…..................………. 50 林 成多・馬場友希：島根県東部のイソハエトリ ...…………….…………………................………. 51 遠藤鴻明・内田翔太・篠部将太朗・谷川明男：南大東島で採集されたクモ ................................. 53 遠藤鴻明：青ヶ島で採集されたクモ …….....................................................................…….…. 54 遠藤鴻明：八丈島で採集されたクモ ….................................................................................… 56 遠藤鴻明：奄美大島で採集されたクモ …………......................………….…..…..............………… 58 惠 海斗・鈴木佑弥：ヒゲナガアメイロケアリの巣から採集されたコタナグモ ……...............…... 61 鈴木佑弥：アオグロハシリグモによるニホンアマガエルの捕食事例 ……………….................…… 62 鈴木佑弥：ササグモの卵嚢を摂食するアシナガコマチグモ ……………………...…................…….. 63 鈴木佑弥：千葉県で採集したクモ類 ……………….................………………..……................…….. 64 鈴木佑弥・小森谷泰：北大東島で採集されたクモ ……………………………………................…….. 67 鈴木佑弥：スズミグモの網内にジョロウグモとオオシロカネグモが造網 …………................…….. 68 鈴木佑弥：テングヌカグモによるムナボシヒメグモの捕食，再び .............................................. 69 鈴木佑弥：ノジマモリヒメグモの網を野外で発見 .................................................................... 70 平松毅久：卵のうを保護するリュウキュウミドリヒメグモ …………………………................…….. 72 平松毅久：建物の外壁にいたヤエヤマナガイボグモ ................................................................. 73 芹田凌平：イズシマヒメグモの新産地 …......................……………………………...............…….. 74 芹田凌平：ニホンヒメグモを捕食したデーニッツハエトリ ....................................................... 75 芹田凌平：ヒゲナガハシリグモを捕食したオオシロカネグモ .................................................... 75 芹田凌平：ヒゲナガハシリグモを捕食したヤマトカナエグモ .................................................... 76 芹田凌平：愛媛県で採集したクモ ......................................................................................... 77 芹田凌平：香川県で採集したクモ ......................................................................................... 78 芹田凌平：静岡県伊東市で採集したクモ ................................................................................ 79 芹田凌平：末吉公園で採集したクモ ....................................................................................... 80 芹田凌平：長野県で採集したクモ .......................................................................................... 81 信太理央：沖縄島でシロスジコアシダカグモを採集 …………………………………................…..... 83 信太理央・松元音旺：与那国島で採集されたクモ .................................................................... 84 信太理央：鹿児島県でドウナガカニグモを採集 ....................................................................... 86 新海栄一：津軽半島龍飛岬のクモ ......................................................................................... 87 新海栄一：岩手県早池峰山のクモ ......................................................................................... 89 長井聡道：カワラメキリグモの派手な色彩変異 ....................................................................... 91 馬場友希：南西諸島で採集されたクモの追加記録 ……………….…………….................................. 93 馬場友希・馬場三男：北九州市山田緑地で採集された九州新記録・福岡県新記録のクモ ..............… 96 馬場友希・田中幸一・大野 豪：沖縄島の有機・慣行水田で採集されたクモ ……….……................. 99 馬場友希・田中幸一：愛媛県の水田で採集されたクモ ……….............................……................… 102 馬場友希・田中幸一：三重県の水田で採集されたクモ ................................................................ 106 芹田凌平：北海道で採集したクモ ........................................................................................... 111 菅波洋平：静岡県伊豆地方の土壌から採集されたクモ類 ............................................................ 115 菅波洋平：長野県の土壌から採集されたクモ類 .......................................................................... 119 久保田 直：佐賀県樫原湿原のササラダニ類 …………………………………………………................. 124 久保田 直：佐賀県石原川土手のササラダニ類 ………………………………………………................. 129 平松毅久・嶋田順一：埼玉県で記録が少ないクモ (埼玉県新記録を含む) ..................................... 135 奥村賢一： 2019 年から 2020 年の冬季に琉球列島で採集したクモ類 .......................................... 138 鈴木佑弥・遠藤鴻明・芹田凌平・野口奨悟：東京蜘蛛談話会 2019 年度山形合宿未報告のクモ ......... 144 新海栄一：石川県舳倉島のクモ ............................................................................................... 148 新海栄一：石川県手取川河川敷のクモ ...................................................................................... 151 平松毅久・嶋田順一：2019 年度東京蜘蛛談話会採集観察会報告 天覧山のクモ .......……................ 154 谷川明男：日本産クモ類目録 ver. 2020 R3 ............................................................................. 162 KISHIDAIA, No.117, Aug. 2020 ヤチグモ類奇形個体の事例 Examples of the deformed specimen of coelotine spiders 奥 村 賢 一 Ken-ichi Okumura ヤチグモ類ではしばしば雌雄生殖器に奇形が生じることがあり，本グループの正確 な同定や分類を困難にする一因となっている．2019 年の KISHIDAIA でも三重県から 得られたカミガタヤチグモの雄触肢が左右で異なっていることを報告した (奥村 2019 )．今回は 2017 年に滋賀県で採集したヒコネクロヤチグモの雌と 2019 年末に奄 美大島で採集したナセヤチグモ雄の事例を紹介する．また奇形として扱うかは不明だが 通常はほとんど見られない状態の個体の例についても報告する． Coelotes hikonensis Nishikawa 2009 ヒコネクロヤチグモ ♀ (図 1) 3–V–2017 滋賀県犬上郡多賀町河内風穴 左側の外雌器突起に相当する箇所が幅広い板状に変化し，外雌器左側面を広く覆っ た状態になっている．しかしよく見ると左外縁付近の小さな黒い部分も外雌器突起の根 元部分の可能性があり，こちらを元の外雌器突起とみなせば内側の広い部分は生殖窩を 取り巻く外雌器突起奥側の lamella が極端に発達した構造ということになる．それぞ れの発達度合いや黒色部分が両方にあることなどを鑑みると，元の突起部分がどのよう に変化したのかは微妙で判断が難しい． 図 1．ヒコネクロヤチグモ 奇形個体外雌器 1 Coelotes nasensis Shimojana 2000 ナセヤチグモ ♂ (図 2, 3 ) 16–XII–2019 鹿児島県奄美市住用町大字川内 (フナンギョの滝周辺) 図 2 が奇形個体，図 3 が正常個体である．意外に思われるかもしれないが，本種は 他の多くのヤチグモ類と異なり雄触肢の中部把持器は正常個体で斜め後方に長く突出 する．この部分が本種を本種たる所以とする最もインパクトのある特徴であり，むしろ 奇形個体の方が他の多くの種においては正常に近い形態である．奇形個体のみを見れば 図 2–3．ナセヤチグモ 雄左触肢 . 2, 奇形個体 ; 3, 正常個体 正確な同定は難しいが，正常個体と比較すると中部把持器以外の部分は形態的にほぼ一 致していることがわかる．本種の雄は長年正体不明で 2018 年に初めて記載したが (Okumura et al. 2018 )，本事例においても分類や記載時において単独個体のみでの 判断は慎重になされるべきであることが示唆された． Coelotes hataensis Nishikawa 2009 ハタヤチグモ 幼体もしくは亜成体(図 4, 5) 13–X–2006 鹿児島県霧島市牧園町高千穂 1200m ハタヤチグモのタイプ産地は高知県南西部だが九州にも北西部から南部にかけて広 く分布している．本事例の採集個体は左触肢を見ると雄の亜成体のようだが，右触肢は 左のように跗節部分の膨らみがなく雌のように見える．しかし左と右で全く異なる形態 になる可能性もあるカミガタヤチグモでの事例を考えると，左右で発達度合いに差が生 じた結果であり，安易に雌雄モザイク個体であるとみなすべきではない．ちなみに腹部 2 図 4–5．ハタヤチグモ 幼体もしくは亜成体 . 4, 左右触肢比較 ; 5, 腹部下面 にはいずれ外雌器になるような構造は見られないが，これについても幼体の可能性が捨 てきれないため，結局雄の奇形か雌雄モザイク個体かの最終的な結論は難しい． 参考文献 Okumura, K., Honki, K. and Ohba, S. 2018. Male description of Coelotes nasensis Shimojana 2000 (Araneae: Agelenidae ) from Amami-ōshima Island, Japan. Acta Arachnologica, 67: 77–79. 奥村賢一 2019. クモ類同定での意外な落とし穴 . Kishidaia, 115: 95–96. 3 KISHIDAIA, No.117, Aug. 2020 アマミホウシグモによるコヒゲジロハサミムシの捕食 Predation of an earwig ( Euborellia annulipes ) by a zodariid spider, Mallinella sadamotoi 馬場友希 1・河野勝行 2 1 農研機構・農業環境変動センター・ 2 農研機構・野菜花き研究部門 ホウシグモ科 (Zodariidae ) に属するクモの一部はアリを専門的に捕食する習性を もつことが知られる (Cushing & Santangelo 2012; Pekár 2004, 2009; Pekár et al. 2014 )．これらのクモは複数種のアリを食べるものから，特定の属のアリを専食す るものまで，アリに対する特殊化の度合いが種によって異なっているため，捕食者によ る餌への特殊化の進化過程を調べる上で興味深いグループである．一方，ホウシグモ科 のクモは全世界で 86 属 1164 もの種が知られるが (World Spider Catalog 2020 )， アリへの特殊化が詳しく調べられているのは特定の属 (Leprolochus ，Pax , Trygettus ， Zodarion ) の種に限られており，その他の多くの種の食性についてはよく分かってい ない．日本国内にもホウシグモ科のクモとして， Asceua 属 1 種と Mallinella 属 5 種 が分布するが，アリの専食性が調べられているのはドウシグモ Asceua japonica 1 種 のみであり (Komatsu 2016 )，他の種も同様にアリを捕食するのかは不明である (小 野・緒方 2018 )． 著者らは奄美大島に分布するアマミホウシグモ Mallinella sadamotoi (Ono & Tanikawa 1990 ) がハサミムシの一種を捕食している様子を観察したので，貴重な事 例としてここに報告する．日時・場所は 2015 年 4 月 9 日午前 9 時頃の奄美大島の山 中であり，著者のうち馬場が地表面で本種のメス成体がハサミムシの仲間を捕食してい るところを発見し，その様子を写真に収めた (図 1)．写真撮影後，ハサミムシはピン セットを用いて回収され， 75% エタノールで保存された後，著者のうち河野によって種 同定がなされた．ハサミムシは体の一部が消化されており標本の状態は良くなかったが， ハサミの発達度合い，腹部背板の節の数，ハサミの形状にみられる左右非対称性，体長， 腹部末端節の後縁の形状および腹節第 7〜9 背板側部における隆起縁の存在などの形態 的特徴 (西川 2016 ) に基づき，ハサミムシ科 (Anisolabididae )のコヒゲジロハサミ ムシ Euborellia annulipes (Lucas 1847 ) の♂成虫と同定された (図 2)．一例のみ 4 図 1 コヒゲジロハサミムシを捕食するアマミホウシグモ 図 2 アマミホウシグモによって捕食されたコヒゲジロハサミムシ ではあるが，この観察結果は少なくとも本種が野外条件下においてアリ以外の昆虫も餌 資源として利用することを示しており，本種ならびに Mallinella 属の食性を理解する 上で有用な手がかりとなる．ホウシグモ科の一部のグループ (Leprolochu s 属， Pax 属) ではアリ以外の昆虫も捕食するという多食性を示すことから (Pekár & Lubin 2009 )， 本種も様々な昆虫を餌として利用する可能性が考えられる．その可能性を検討するため にも今後さらなる観察事例の蓄積が必要である． 5 謝 辞 野外調査に協力してくださった須黒達巳氏（慶應義塾幼稚舎）に御礼申し上げる． 引用文献 Cushing PE 2012. Spider-ant associations: an updated review of myrmecomorphy, myrmecophily, and myrmecophagy in spiders. Psyche: doi:10.1155/ 2012/151989. Komatsu T 2016. Diet and predatory behavior of the Asian ant-eating spider, Asceua (formerly Doosia ) japonica (Araneae: Zodariidae). Springer Plus 5: 577. 西川 勝 2016. ハサミムシ目．日本産直翅類標準図鑑（町田龍一郎監修 日本直翅類学会編）， pp. 170–186. 株式会社学研プラス． 小野展嗣・緒方清人 2018. 日本産クモ類生態図鑑：自然史と多様性 . 東海大学出版部 . Pekár S. 2004. Predatory behavior of two European ant-eating spiders (Araneae, Zodariidae). J Arachnol, 32:31–41. Pekár S 2009. Capture efficiency of an ant-eating spider, Zodariellum asiaticum (Araneae: Zodariidae), from Kazakhstan. J Arachnol, 37:388–391. Pekár S & Lubin, Y. 2009. Prey and predatory behavior of two zodariid species (Araneae, Zodariidae). J Arachnol, 37: 118–121. Pekár S, Šedo
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