DOCSLIB.ORG

Pictorial Checklist of Agrobiont Spiders of Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pictorial Checklist of Agrobiont Spiders of Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(7): 409-420 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 07 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.707.050 Pictorial Checklist of Agrobiont Spiders of Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India J.N. Prajapati*, S.R. Patel and P.M. Surani 1Department of Agricultural Entomology, N.M.C.A, NAU, Navsari, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT K e yw or ds A study on biodi versity of agrobiont spiders was carried out at N. M. College of Pictorial checklist, Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University (NAU) campus Navsari, Gujarat, India. A Agrobiont spiders, total 48 species of agrobiont spiders were recorded belonging to 34 genera and 12 families Navsari , from different ecosystems i.e., paddy, sugarcane, maize, mango and banana. Among them biodiversity 33.33 per cent species belongs to family Araneidae, 29.17 per cent from Salticidae, 8.33 per cent species belongs to family Oxyopidae, 6.25 per cent species belongs to family Article Info Clubionidae, 4.17 per cent species belongs to Tetragnathidae, Sparassidae as well as Accepted: Theridiidae of each, whereas remaining 2.08 per cent species from Thomisidae, 04 June 2018 Uloboridae, Lycosidae, Hersiliidae, and Scytodidae of each and prepared the pictorial Available Online: checklist of 48 species of agrobiont spiders. 10 July 2018 Introduction considered to be of economic value to farmers as they play valuable role in pest management Spiders are one of the most fascinating and by consuming large number of prey in the diverse group of invertebrate animals on the agriculture fields without any damage to earth. The population densities and species crops. To fill up the gaps in knowledge about abundance of spider communities in different species of agrobiont spiders with agricultural fields can be as high as in natural their photographic catalogue in NAU campus, ecosystems (Turnbull, 1973; Riechert, 1981 the present study was done. and Tanaka, 1989). Worldwide 45,557 spider species described (Uniyal et al., 2011) and are Materials and Methods estimated to number 60,000-170,000 species (Coddington and Levi, 1991). In numbers, The study was carried out at N. M. College of 1686 species of 438 genera belongs to 60 Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University families are recorded from India (Keswani et (NAU) campus Navsari, Gujarat, India from al., 2012). Total 415 species belong to 169 January 2017 to December 2017 under genera of 40 families are recorded from different agroecosystems. The ecosystems that Gujarat state (Yadav et al., 2017). Spiders are are likely to support the spiders in the study 409 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(7): 409-420 area such as paddy, sugarcane, maize, mango dissecting stereo-trinocular microscope having and banana ecosystems were searched for SCAPE software. agrobiont spiders. When a spider was located, it was photographed and collected by the hand Results and Discussion picking method suggested by Tikader (1987). The identification of spiders was done with During the present study a total of 48 species the help of Tikader (1977, 1980, 1982, 1987), of agrobiont spiders were recorded from Tikader and Biswas (1981) and Sebastian and different locations, belonging to 12 families. Peter (2009). The taxonomy and nomenclature Among them 33.33 per cent species belonged followed is as per the world spider catalogue to family Araneidae, 29.17 per cent from by Platnick (2014). The pictorial checklist is a Salticidae, 8.33 per cent species belonged to useful tool for the identification of agrobiont family Oxyopidae, 6.25 per cent species spiders in the state. Therefore, close up belonged to family Clubionidae, 4.17 per cent photographs of species and their behavioural species belonged to Tetragnathidae, patterns were captured with the help of digital Sparassidae as well as Theridiidae of each, camera. Live specimens from the field whereas remaining 2.08 per cent species from conditions were photographed, so that natural Thomisidae, Uloboridae, Lycosidae, colouration and specific behavioural postures Hersiliidae and Scytodidae of each (Table 1 can be documented. When we have no and Fig. 1). Ambily and Antony (2016) camera, the spiders were collected and reported total 40 species of spiders belonging preserved and photographs of such preserved to 14 families from Kerala. Among all spiders were captured for documentation families, Araneidae was most dominant family purpose in form of photographic catalogue. followed by Salticidae. The picture of small spiders was taken by Table.1 Species distribution of agrobiont spiders of different families in NAU campus Sr. No. Family Genera No. of % Species Species 1. Araneidae 7 16 33.33 2. Salticidae 14 14 29.17 3. Oxyopidae 1 4 8.33 4. Clubionidae 2 3 6.25 5. Tetragnathidae 1 2 4.17 6. Sparassidae 2 2 4.17 7. Theridiidae 2 2 4.17 8. Thomisidae 1 1 2.08 9. Uloboridae 1 1 2.08 10. Lycosidae 1 1 2.08 11. Hersiliidae 1 1 2.08 12. Scytodidae 1 1 2.08 Total 34 48 100 410 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(7): 409-420 Table.2 Pictorial checklist of agrobiont spiders of NAU campus Sr. Spider species Habitat No. I. Family: Araneidae 1. Argiope anasuja (Thorell, 1887) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 1) Maize ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Garden, Wall of buildings 2. Argiope pulchella (Thorell, 1881) Paddy ecosystem, Maize ecosystem, (Image 2) Banana ecosystem, Garden 3. Argiope sp. Paddy ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, (Image 3) Garden 4. Argiope aemula (Walckenaer, 1841) Paddy ecosystem, Garden (Image 4) 5. Neoscona mukerjei (Tikader, 1980) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 5) Maize ecosystem, Mango ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Dense area, Vegetable crops 6. Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer, 1842) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 6) Maize ecosystem, Mango ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Vegetable crops 7. Neoscona bengalensis (Tikader and Bal, Paddy ecosystem, Mango ecosystem, 1981) (Image 7) Banana ecosystem, Arjun, Garden 8. Neoscona vigilans (Blackwall, 1865) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 8) Garden 9. Neoscona sp.1 Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 9) Maize ecosystem, Garden, Vegetable crops 10. Neoscona sp.2 Paddy ecosystem, Maize ecosystem, (Image 10) Mango ecosystem, Cruciferous crops, Garden 11. Pasilobus sp. Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 11) Garden 12. Cyclosa confraga (Thorell, 1892) Paddy ecosystem, Maize ecosystem, (Image 12) Mango ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Vegetable crops 13. Cyclosa sp. Paddy ecosystem, Maize ecosystem, (Image 13) Garden 14. Cyrtophora cicatrosa (Stoliczka, 1869) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 14) Banana ecosystem, Garden 15. Eriovixia sp. Mango ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, (Image 15) Garden, Fruit trees 16. Larinia sp. Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 16) Maize ecosystem, Wall of buildings, 411 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(7): 409-420 Garden II. Family: Salticidae 17. Carrhotus viduus (Koch, C. L., 1846) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 17) Maize ecosystem, Mango ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Wall of buildings 18. Epeus indicus (Proszynski, 1992) Maize ecosystem, Broad leaves crops (Image 18) 19. Plexippus paykulli (Audouin, 1826) Mango ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, (Image 19) Walls of buildings, Bark of trees 20. Phintella vittata (Koch, C. L., 1846) Sugarcane ecosystem, Maize ecosystem, (Image 20) Banana ecosystem, Papaya, Marigold 21. Chrysilla volupe (Karsch, 1879) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 21) Maize ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Grasses, Marigold 22. Unknown sp.1 (Salticidae) Banana ecosystem, Walls of buildings, (Image 22) Dry grasses 23. Pristobaeus sp. Sugarcane ecosystem, Banana (Image 23) ecosystem, Dry grasses 24. Evarcha falcate (Clerck, 1757) Sugarcane ecosystem, Walls of buildings (Image 24) 25. Unknown sp.2 (Salticidae) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 25) Garden 26. Cosmophasis sp. Banana ecosystem, Walls of buildings (Image 26) 27. Telamonia dimidiata (Simon, 1899) Sugarcane ecosystem, Maize ecosystem, (Image 27) Cotton, Mulberry 28. Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour, 1831) Mango ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, (Image 28) Walls of buildings 29. Siler sp. Maize ecosystem, Garden (Image 29) 30. Rhene sp. Paddy ecosystem, Jasmine (Image 30) III. Family: Oxyopidae 31. Oxyopes javanus (Thorell, 1887) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 31) Maize ecosystem, Mango ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Marigold, Garden 32. Oxyopes sunandae (Tikader, 1970) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 32) Maize ecosystem, Marigold 33. Oxyopes sp. Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 33) Maize ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Cotton, Garden 34. Oxyopes birmanicus (Thorell, 1887) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 34) Maize ecosystem, Marigold IV. Family: Clubionidae 412 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(7): 409-420 35. Clubiona sp. Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 35) Maize ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Rolled leaves 36. Clubiona drassodes (Cambridge, O. P., 1874) Paddy ecosystem, Sugarcane ecosystem, (Image 36) Maize ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, Rolled leaves 37. Cheiracanthium punctorium Paddy ecosystem, Banana ecosystem, (Image 37) Rolled leaves, Garden V. Family: Tetragnathidae 38. Tetragnatha mandibulata (Walckenaer, 1842) Paddy ecosystem, Near vicinity of water (Image 38) 39. Tetragnatha sp. Paddy ecosystem, Near vicinity of water (Image 39) VI.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Novel Trade-Off for Batesian Mimics Running Title
    Out of the frying pan and into the fire: A novel trade-off for Batesian mimics Running title: Salticids that mimic ants and get eaten by ant specialists Ximena J. Nelson*†, Daiqin Li§ and Robert R. Jackson† *Department of Psychology, Animal Behaviour Laboratory, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia Email: [email protected] Phone: 61-2-98509232 Fax: 61-2-98509231 §Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore †School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand Key words: Ants, Batesian mimicry, myrmecophagy, predation, spiders, trade-off Abstract A mimicry system was investigated in which the models were ants (Formicidae) and both the mimics and the predators were jumping spiders (Salticidae). By using motionless lures in simultaneous-presentation prey-choice tests, how the predators respond specifically to the static appearance of ants and ant mimics was determined. These findings suggest a rarely considered adaptive trade-off for Batesian mimics of ants. Mimicry may be advantageous when it deceives ant-averse potential predators, but disadvantageous in encounters with ant- eating specialists. Nine myrmecophagic (ant-eating) species (from Africa, Asia, Australia and North America) and one araneophagic (spider-eating) species (Portia fimbriata from Queensland) were tested with ants (5 species), with myrmecomorphic (ant-like) salticids (6 species of Myrmarachne) and with non-ant-like prey (dipterans and ordinary salticids). The araneophagic salticid chose an ordinary salticid and chose flies significantly more often than ants. P. fimbriata also chose the ordinary salticid and chose flies significantly more often than myrmecomorphic salticids. However, there was no significant difference in how P.
    [Show full text]
  • OF RAJASTHAN with SPECIAL REFERENCE to RANTHAMBORE NATIONAL PARK, RAJASTHAN, INDIA Sumana Saha, D
    © Indian Society of Arachnology ISSN 2278-1587(Online) SPIDER FAUNA (ARANEAE: ARACHNIDA) OF RAJASTHAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RANTHAMBORE NATIONAL PARK, RAJASTHAN, INDIA Sumana Saha, D. C. Dhali* and D. Raychaudhuri* Department of Zoology, Darjeeling Govt. College, Darjeeling, Govt. of West Bengal, India. email: [email protected] *Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata- 700019, India. email: [email protected], [email protected] corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT 12 species of 10 genera belonging to 9 families were recorded from Ranthambore National Park, during 2008. Thomisus italongus Barrion and Litsinger and Cyrtophora exanthematica (Doleschall), are recognized as new from the country and accordingly described and illustrated. Key words: Spiders, New records, Ranthambore National Park, Rajasthan, India. INTRODUCTION Protected areas are essential for biodiversity conservation. They act as benchmarks to understand human interaction with the natural world. Of the two mega diverse Indian states, Rajasthan with an area of about 342,239 sq. km. is the largest state of India. The state is symbolized by its arid and semi-arid tracts. Ecologically suitable forest areas of the state over time have been declared as National Parks, Wild Life Sanctuaries and Reserves. Wildlife wing of the State Forest Department (SFD) maintain these protected areas in a scientific manner, conducive for conservation of wild life in the area. Temporal population of any life form actively select a suitable site for sustainance. Its fitness is directly influenced by the ability to find a suitable habitat based on innate preference for food, shelter and absence of enemies.
    [Show full text]
  • An International Peer Reviewed Open Access Journal for Rapid Publication
    VOLUME-12 NUMBER-4 (October-December 2019) Print ISSN: 0974-6455 Online ISSN: 2321-4007 CODEN: BBRCBA www.bbrc.in University Grants Commission (UGC) New Delhi, India Approved Journal An International Peer Reviewed Open Access Journal For Rapid Publication Published By: Society for Science & Nature (SSN) Bhopal India Indexed by Thomson Reuters, Now Clarivate Analytics USA ISI ESCI SJIF=4.186 Online Content Available: Every 3 Months at www.bbrc.in Registered with the Registrar of Newspapers for India under Reg. No. 498/2007 Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications VOLUME-12 NUMBER-4 (Oct-Dec 2019) Characteristics of Peptone from the Mackerel, Scomber japonicus Head by-Product as Bacterial Growth Media 829-836 Dwi Setijawati, Abdul A. Jaziri, Hefti S. Yufidasari, Dian W. Wardani, Mohammad D. Pratomo, Dinda Ersyah and Nurul Huda Endomycorrhizae Enhances Reciprocal Resource Exchange Via Membrane Protein Induction 837-843 Faten Dhawi Does Prediabetic State Affects Dental Implant Health? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis 844-854 Khulud Abdulrahman Al-Aali An Updated Review on the Spiders of Order Araneae from the Districts of Western Ghats of India 855-864 Misal P. K, Bendre N. N, Pawar P. A, Bhoite S. H and Deshpande V. Y Synergetic Role of Endophytic Bacteria in Promoting Plant Growth and Exhibiting Antimicrobial 865-875 Mbarek Rahmoun and Bouri Amira Synergetic Role of Endophytic Bacteria in Promoting Plant Growth and Exhibiting 876-882 Antimicrobial Activities Bassam Oudh Al Johny Influence on Diabetic Pregnant Women with a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes 883-888 Sameera A. Al-Ghamdi Remediation of Cadmium Through Hyperaccumulator Plant, Solanum nigrum 889-893 Ihsan Ullah Biorefinery Sequential Extraction of Alginate by Conventional and Hydrothermal Fucoidan from the 894-903 Brown Alga, Sargassum cristaefolium Sugiono Sugiono and Doni Ferdiansyah Occupational Stress and Job Satisfaction in Prosthodontists working in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 904-911 Nawaf Labban, Sulieman S.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Community Structure of Spiders in Saran, Part of Indo-Gangetic Plain, India
    Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, December 2015. Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 121-129 AJCB: FP0062 ISSN 2278-7666 ©TCRP 2015 Biodiversity and Community structure of spiders in Saran, part of Indo-Gangetic Plain, India N Priyadarshini1*, R Kumari1, R N Pathak1, A K Pandey2 1Department of Zoology, D. A. V. College, J. P. University, Chhapra, India 2School of Environmental Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India (Accepted November 21, 2015) ABSTRACT Present study was conducted to reveals the community structure and diversity of spider species in different habitat types (gardens, crop fields and houses) of Saran; a part of Indo – Gangetic Plain, India. This area has very rich diversity of flora and fauna due to its climatic conditions, high soil fer- tility and plenty of water availability. The spiders were sampled using two semi-quantitative methods and pitfall traps. A total of 1400 individual adult spiders belonging to 50 species, 29 genera and 15 families were recorded during 1st December 2013 to 28th February 2014. Spider species of houses were distinctive from other habitats it showed low spider species richness. The dominant spider fami- lies were also differs with habitat types. Araneidae, Pholcidae and Salticidae were the dominant spi- der families in gardens, houses and crop fields respectively. Comparison of beta diversity showed higher dissimilarity in spider communities of gardens and houses and higher similarity between spi- der communities of crop fields and gardens. We find that spiders are likely to be more abundant and species rich in gardens than in other habitat types. Habitat structural component had great impact on spider species richness and abundance in studied habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Keanekaragaman Laba – Laba Pada Hutan Gaharu Di Kawasan Pusuk, Lombok Barat
    KEANEKARAGAMAN LABA – LABA PADA HUTAN GAHARU DI KAWASAN PUSUK, LOMBOK BARAT DIVERSITY OF SPIDERS IN AGARWOOD FOREST IN PUSUK REGION, WEST LOMBOK LALU ARYA KASMARA G1A013020 Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Mataram, Jalan Majapahit No. 62, Mataram 83125 ABSTRAK Laba-laba tergolong dalam Filum Arthropoda, kelas Arachnida, dan Ordo Araneae. Hewan ini merupakan kelompok terbesar dan memiliki keanekaragaman yang sangat tinggi dalam Filum Arthropoda. Jumlah spesies laba-laba yang telah dideskripsikan pada saat ini sekitar 44.906 spesies, digolongkan dalam 114 famili dan 3.935 genus. Laba-laba memiliki peran pada tanaman pertanian, perkebunan, dan perumahan sebagai predator serangga hama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman laba-laba pada hutan gaharu di kawasan Pusuk, Lombok Barat. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juli 2018. Sampel laba-laba di koleksi secara acak (random sampling) pada 30 plot yang masing-masing berukuran 9 x 9m. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan perangkap jebak (pitfall trap), jaring ayun (sweep net) dan aspirator. Identifikasi sampel laba-laba berdasarkan karakter morfologinya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menghitung Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’) dan Indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian menemukan 10 famili laba-laba yang terdiri dari 60 spesies dan 292 individu. Dari ketiga metode koleksi laba-laba menunjukkan hasil berbeda, metode jaring ayun mengoleksi 36 spesies laba-laba, metode aspirator mengoleksi 27 spesies dan metode pitfall trap hanya ditemukan 5 spesies. Berdasakan hasil perhitungan diperoleh indeks keanekaragaman spesies laba-laba di hutan gaharu di kawasan Pusuk adalah 1,367 sedangkan indeks dominansi adalah 0,111. Indeks keanekaragaman spesies termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang.
    [Show full text]
  • Records of New Genus Chrysilla (Group Spider: Sub-Order: Araneae: Family: Salticidae) in India at Agroecosystem, at Sonitpur, Assam
    Journal on New Biological Reports 3(1): 38 – 43 (2014) ISSN 2319 – 1104 (Online) Records of new Genus Chrysilla (Group Spider: Sub-order: Araneae: Family: Salticidae) in India at Agroecosystem, at Sonitpur, Assam 1 2 Mansur Ahmed 1, J. Anam 1, Malabika Kakati Saikia , S.V. Manthen and P. K. Saikia 1 1 Animal Ecology and Wildlife Biology Lab, Department of Zoolgy, Gopinath Bardoloi Nagar, Gauhati University, Guwahati-782014, Assam, India 2 J.D.P.S. Mahavidyalaya, Daryapur, Maharastra-444803 (Received on: 07 March, 2014; accepted on: 22 March, 2014) ABSTRACT The genus Chrysilla (Salticidae) was first described by Thorell (1887) and is insufficiently known. Presently eight species has been reported. Three of them were known only from their males, four from females and only one from both male and females. The type species ( Chrysilla lauta) , C. albens , C. delicata, C. doriai, C. deelemani and C. acerosa belongs to Asia. This is the first record of genus Chrysilla from India. The specimen was collected from sugarcane field of Sonitpur district of Assam, India. The type specimen was deposited in the Biodiversity Museum, Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology and Wildlife Biology lab, Gauhati University, India. The genus Chrysilla can be distinguished from Phintella and Leius by the thin , long and more colourfull bodies, stronger RTA and much longer than wide genital bulb of male palps, copulatory openings separated by one diameter or so and piriform spermathecae of epigyne. The new species is similar to that Chrysilla lauta , Chrysilla deelemani and Chrysilla acerosa but differs from the former two by the wider than long RTA with a ventral tip and the much longer embolus as in Chrysilla acerosa Wang and Zhang, 2012, differ from the later by the shape of prosoma, hight of clypeus, bulbus and median apophysis.
    [Show full text]
  • SA Spider Checklist
    REVIEW ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 22(2): 2551-2597 CHECKLIST OF SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE) OF SOUTH ASIA INCLUDING THE 2006 UPDATE OF INDIAN SPIDER CHECKLIST Manju Siliwal 1 and Sanjay Molur 2,3 1,2 Wildlife Information & Liaison Development (WILD) Society, 3 Zoo Outreach Organisation (ZOO) 29-1, Bharathi Colony, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641004, India Email: 1 [email protected]; 3 [email protected] ABSTRACT Thesaurus, (Vol. 1) in 1734 (Smith, 2001). Most of the spiders After one year since publication of the Indian Checklist, this is described during the British period from South Asia were by an attempt to provide a comprehensive checklist of spiders of foreigners based on the specimens deposited in different South Asia with eight countries - Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The European Museums. Indian checklist is also updated for 2006. The South Asian While the Indian checklist (Siliwal et al., 2005) is more spider list is also compiled following The World Spider Catalog accurate, the South Asian spider checklist is not critically by Platnick and other peer-reviewed publications since the last scrutinized due to lack of complete literature, but it gives an update. In total, 2299 species of spiders in 67 families have overview of species found in various South Asian countries, been reported from South Asia. There are 39 species included in this regions checklist that are not listed in the World Catalog gives the endemism of species and forms a basis for careful of Spiders. Taxonomic verification is recommended for 51 species. and participatory work by arachnologists in the region.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Common Garden and House Spider in Tinsukia District, Assam Has Been Undertaken
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7(4): 1432-1439 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Diversity of common garden and house spider in JEZS 2019; 7(4): 1432-1439 © 2019 JEZS Tinsukia district Received: 01-05-2019 Accepted: 05-06-2019 Achal Kumari Pandit Achal Kumari Pandit Graduated from Department of Zoology Digboi College, Assam, Abstract India A study on the diversity of spider fauna inside the Garden and House in Tinsukia district, Assam. This was studied from September 2015 to July 2019. A total of 18 family, 52 genus and 80 species were recorded. Araneidae is the most dominant family among all followed by the silicide family. The main aim of this study is to bring to known the species which is generally observed by the humans in this area. Beside seasonal variation in species is higher in summer season as compared to winter. Also many species were observed each year in same season repeatedly during the study period, further maximum number of species is seen in vegetation type of habitat. Keywords: Spider, diversity, Tinsukia, seasonal, habitat 1. Introduction As one of the most widely recognized group of Arthropods, Spiders are widespread in distribution except for a few niches, such as Arctic and Antarctic. Almost every plant has its spider fauna, as do dead leaves, on the forest floor and on the trees. They may be found at varied locations, such as under bark, beneath stones, below the fallen logs, among foliage, [23] house dwellings, grass, leaves, underground, burrows etc. (Pai IK., 2018) . Their success is reflected by the fact that, on our planet, there are about 48,358 species recorded till now according to World Spider Catalog.
    [Show full text]
  • The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Endemic Giant Tarantula
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of endemic giant tarantula, Lyrognathus crotalus (Araneae: Theraphosidae) and comparative analysis Vikas Kumar, Kaomud Tyagi *, Rajasree Chakraborty, Priya Prasad, Shantanu Kundu, Inderjeet Tyagi & Kailash Chandra The complete mitochondrial genome of Lyrognathus crotalus is sequenced, annotated and compared with other spider mitogenomes. It is 13,865 bp long and featured by 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and a control region (CR). Most of the PCGs used ATN start codon except cox3, and nad4 with TTG. Comparative studies indicated the use of TTG, TTA, TTT, GTG, CTG, CTA as start codons by few PCGs. Most of the tRNAs were truncated and do not fold into the typical cloverleaf structure. Further, the motif (CATATA) was detected in CR of nine species including L. crotalus. The gene arrangement of L. crotalus compared with ancestral arthropod showed the transposition of fve tRNAs and one tandem duplication random loss (TDRL) event. Five plesiomophic gene blocks (A-E) were identifed, of which, four (A, B, D, E) retained in all taxa except family Salticidae. However, block C was retained in Mygalomorphae and two families of Araneomorphae (Hypochilidae and Pholcidae). Out of 146 derived gene boundaries in all taxa, 15 synapomorphic gene boundaries were identifed. TreeREx analysis also revealed the transposition of trnI, which makes three derived boundaries and congruent with the result of the gene boundary mapping. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference showed similar topologies and congruent with morphology, and previously reported multi-gene phylogeny. However, the Gene-Order based phylogeny showed sister relationship of L.
    [Show full text]
  • Description of Some Interesting Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2014; 2 (5): 63-71 ISSN 2320-7078 Description of some interesting jumping spiders JEZS 2014; 2 (5): 63-71 © 2014 JEZS (Araneae: Salticidae) from South India Received: 11-08-2014 Accepted: 10-09-2014 T. D. John Caleb and Manu Thomas Mathai T. D. John Caleb Department of Zoology, Madras Abstract Christian College, Five species of jumping spiders are being described from South India. Among these, Viciria diatreta Tambaram, Chennai-59, Tamil Simon, 1902 has been reported after a span of 112 years from its first description, two species Phintella Nadu, India volupe (Karsch, 1879) and Thyene bivittata Xie & Peng, 1995 are new records in India, and two new species namely Chrysilla jesudasi sp. nov. and Stenaelurillus sarojinae sp. nov. are being described and Manu Thomas Mathai illustrated. Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, Keywords: Description, New species, New record, Salticidae, South India. Tambaram, Chennai-59, Tamil Nadu, India 1. Introduction Salticids are the most diverse family of spiders with 600 genera and 5760 species in the world known till date [1]. They are known by 207 species and 73 genera in India [2]. Some important [3, 4, 5] [6] [7] contributions were made by Simon , Reimoser , and Proszynski who described many [8] species from South India. Recently, few additions have been made to this family by Sunil , [9] [10] [11] Karthikeyani and Kannan , Caleb and Caleb et al., . Yet, studies on this family are very little and our knowledge on this group is sparse. In this paper, five species have been described out of which one species, Viciria diatreta Simon, 1902 is being reported after 112 years, two species Phintella volupe (Karsch, 1879) and Thyene bivittata Xie & Peng, 1995 are new reports in India and two species namely Chrysilla jesudasi sp.nov.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal Threatened
    Journal ofThreatened JoTT TBuilding evidenceaxa for conservation globally 10.11609/jott.2020.12.1.15091-15218 www.threatenedtaxa.org 26 January 2020 (Online & Print) Vol. 12 | No. 1 | 15091–15218 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) PLATINUM OPEN ACCESS ISSN 0974-7907 (Online); ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Publisher Host Wildlife Information Liaison Development Society Zoo Outreach Organization www.wild.zooreach.org www.zooreach.org No. 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti - Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Ph: +91 9385339863 | www.threatenedtaxa.org Email: [email protected] EDITORS English Editors Mrs. Mira Bhojwani, Pune, India Founder & Chief Editor Dr. Fred Pluthero, Toronto, Canada Dr. Sanjay Molur Mr. P. Ilangovan, Chennai, India Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society & Zoo Outreach Organization (ZOO), 12 Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, Web Design India Mrs. Latha G. Ravikumar, ZOO/WILD, Coimbatore, India Deputy Chief Editor Typesetting Dr. Neelesh Dahanukar Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra, India Mr. Arul Jagadish, ZOO, Coimbatore, India Mrs. Radhika, ZOO, Coimbatore, India Managing Editor Mrs. Geetha, ZOO, Coimbatore India Mr. B. Ravichandran, WILD/ZOO, Coimbatore, India Mr. Ravindran, ZOO, Coimbatore India Associate Editors Fundraising/Communications Dr. B.A. Daniel, ZOO/WILD, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Mrs. Payal B. Molur, Coimbatore, India Dr. Mandar Paingankar, Department of Zoology, Government Science College Gadchiroli, Chamorshi Road, Gadchiroli, Maharashtra 442605, India Dr. Ulrike Streicher, Wildlife Veterinarian, Eugene, Oregon, USA Editors/Reviewers Ms. Priyanka Iyer, ZOO/WILD, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Subject Editors 2016–2018 Fungi Editorial Board Ms. Sally Walker Dr. B. Shivaraju, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Founder/Secretary, ZOO, Coimbatore, India Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Improve 'Passion Photography' of Spiders
    © 2016. Indian Journal of Arachnology 5 (1-2): 113-123 ISSN 2278-1587 (Online) HOW TO IMPROVE ‘PASSION PHOTOGRAPHY’ OF SPIDERS Marashetty Seenappa 82 Second Cross-24th Main, JP Nagar 2nd Phase, Bangalore 560 078 [email protected] (All photographs by the author) ABSTRACT Colour and patterns on spiders are highly variable depending on their adaptation to the habitats and ecological niches they live in. Polymorphic patterns and colour variations often within the same species of spider create more challenges in spider taxonomy. A spider, therefore, cannot be identified and authenticated based on a photograph only. Taxonomic identification and recognition of species in most cases are based on the structural diagnostic differentiation of sex organs. However, photography, especially macrophotography can be very useful in recognition of spider families as this recognition is based on the spatial arrangement and relative size and direction of their four pairs of eyes. Further, photography will form an excellent record of the external morphology including primary or secondary sexual organs, their shape and structure. Such diagnostic differences often form the basis to distinguish between sexes and also in the recognition of few genera and species. Photography aided with graduated scales is very useful in visually portraying the length of the body of spider and its appendages. Relational depiction of size based on using thumbnail can often reflect relative size differences among spiders. Photography in a series of sequence shots, time-lapse photography and video clips are of immense use in capturing important biological phenomena such as hunting behaviour, web-spinning, moulting and mating. Keywords: Spiders, passion photography, macrophotography, polymorphism INTRODUCTION Spiders are good subjects for photo-enthusiasts.
    [Show full text]