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Hubble Telescope Stops Collecting Data SEVEN DAYS The news in brief RESEARCH Exomoon evidence NASA Astronomers have spotted what could be the first known moon to orbit an exoplanet, according to a study published on 3 October in Science Advances. The planet, dubbed Kepler-1625b, lies 2.4 kiloparsecs (about 8,000 light years) from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. Researchers have detected hints of a possible moon orbiting this planet before, in data from the Kepler space telescope. But now, on the basis of observations made with the much more powerful Hubble Space Telescope, researchers are a lot more confident that the exomoon is real. If confirmed, the discovery would mark a milestone in exploring planetary systems throughout Hubble telescope stops collecting data the Galaxy. It would, among other things, allow scientists The Hubble Space Telescope stopped collecting that Hubble, perhaps the most iconic space to test ideas of moon science data on 5 October, because of a problem observatory in history, will eventually die. formation using examples with one of the gyroscopes it uses to orient NASA astronauts cannot service the 28-year- from beyond the Solar System. itself. Mission controllers expect to have Hubble old observatory as they once did, because the See go.nature.com/2nvaiqo working again soon. “Don’t worry, Hubble has agency retired its space shuttles in 2011. On their for more. many great years of science ahead,” says Kenneth last servicing mission in May 2009, astronauts Sembach, director of the Space Telescope replaced Hubble’s six gyroscopes. Hubble can POLICY Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland, which operate on just one gyroscope, but that limits its operates the telescope. But the glitch underscores ability to point at targets. Arctic protections Nine nations and the European Union signed an organization can be panel representing the although this would not be agreement on 3 October in established to set scientifically country’s health and science legally binding. See go.nature. Ilulissat, Greenland, to ban based quotas and regulations. ministries. Although the com/2gdrjlp for more. unregulated commercial It also establishes scientific country regulates the use of fishing on the high seas of cooperation between the human embryos for research, BUSINESS the central Arctic Ocean. countries to share information there have until now been no Warming temperatures in about changing Arctic specific guidelines on using ResearchGate suit recent years have resulted ecosystems and fish stocks. tools such as CRISPR–Cas9 to Two journal publishers have in open water during the The nations involved are make precise modifications launched legal proceedings summer in a large region of Canada, Denmark, Norway, to their DNA. Manipulating in the United States against the usually frozen central Russia, the United States, DNA in embryos could academic-networking site Arctic. This has prompted China, Iceland, Japan and the reveal insights into early ResearchGate for copyright concern from scientists and Republic of Korea. human development. The infringement. Elsevier and officials that commercial draft guidelines will be open the American Chemical operations could enter an Gene-editing rules for public comment from Society (ACS) say that the area of nearly 3 million square Japan has issued draft next month and are likely to ResearchGate website violates kilometres and deplete fish guidelines that would allow be implemented in the first US copyright law by making populations. The legally the use of gene-editing tools half of next year. If adopted, articles from their journals binding agreement prohibits in human embryos. The the guidelines would restrict freely available. The two fishing in the area until a proposal was released on the manipulation of human publishers filed the claim regional fishery-management 28 September by an expert embryos for reproduction, with the US District Court 168 | NATURE | VOL 562 | 11 OCTOBER 2018 ©2018 Spri nger Nature Li mited. All ri ghts reserved. ©2018 Spri nger Nature Li mited. All ri ghts reserved. SEVEN DAYS THIS WEEK for the District of Maryland composition of the surface. on 2 October. ResearchGate, Ryugu is made up of material which is based in Berlin, from the early Solar System, declined to comment to and scientists think that Nature. In October 2017, the studying the asteroid will same publishers launched give them an insight into a similar suit for copyright the evolution of Earth and infringement in Germany, and other planets. MASCOT was YORICK JANSENS/BELGA VIA ZUMA JANSENS/BELGA YORICK that case has not yet concluded. one of four landers aboard At the time, ResearchGate Hayabusa2. See go.nature. also declined to comment on com/2imfcut for more. this lawsuit. By the following month, ResearchGate had ENVIRONMENT BBVA FOUNDATION FRONTIERS OF KNOWLEDGE AWARDS; FRONTIERS OF KNOWLEDGE FOUNDATION BBVA disabled public access to 1.7 million articles on its 1990s are now widely used to SPACE Whaling rethink site. The Coalition for weigh the costs and benefits Japan’s fisheries agency says it Responsible Sharing, a group of curbing greenhouse-gas Japan rover lands will consider revising its sale of publishers — including emissions against those of A third rover touched down of sei whale meat by February. Elsevier and the ACS — that inaction. His studies are central on the surface of asteroid The announcement came formed to order ResearchGate to determining the social Ryugu on 3 October, marking on 4 October, days after the to remove their papers from its cost of carbon — an attempt a hat-trick of successful Convention on International site, estimates that up to four to quantify the total cost to landings for the Japanese Trade in Endangered Species million copyrighted articles society of greenhouse gases, Hayabusa2 space mission. of Wild Fauna and Flora in have been made available for including hidden factors such The shoe-box-sized Mobile Geneva, Switzerland, decided free on the platform. as extreme weather and lower Asteroid Surface Scout that selling products from sei crop yields. Romer, at the New (MASCOT) separated from whales (Balaenoptera borealis) AWARDS York University Stern School the Hayabusa2 probe, which violates restrictions on the of Business in New York, was had moved temporarily to sale of an endangered species. Economics Nobels honoured for his work on the 51 metres from the asteroid’s Although there has been a Two US economists, William role of technological change surface. The lander then moratorium on whaling since Nordhaus (pictured, left) and in economic growth. He is descended to the asteroid 1986, Japan continues to hunt Paul Romer (right), share the best known for his studies in free fall. MASCOT is the mammals, mostly sei and 2018 Nobel Prize in Economic on how market forces and scheduled to visit three minke, as part of what it calls a Sciences for integrating climate economic decisions facilitate sites on the 880-metre-wide scientific research programme. change and technological technological change. asteroid, using an external It sells the meat and blubber, change into macroeconomics. His ‘endogenous growth swinging arm to ‘hop’ around arguing that these products Nordhaus, at Yale University theory’, developed in the in the asteroid’s low gravity. would otherwise be discarded. in New Haven, Connecticut, 1990s, opened up avenues It is equipped to measure the Last month, the International is the founding father of of research on how policies temperature on the surface Whaling Commission, the study of climate-change and regulations can prompt and during the descent, as based in Cambridge, UK, economics. Economic models fresh ideas and economic well as the asteroid’s magnetic rejected Japan’s bid to restore that he has developed since the innovation. field. It will also study the commercial whaling. TREND WATCH INDUSTY FUNDES’ INFLUENCE How much say does industry have in the studies that it funds? A , K3654 (2018) An analysis of industry-funded involved in data analysis, survey of 80 academic authors of industry-funded clinical trials revealed issues when publishing such work. 363 clinical trials has found that whereas 73% had funders drug companies are often involved. Rasmussen suggests BR. MED. J. heavily involved in the conduct that lack of time or statistical and reporting of the research — know-how could mean that Had access to the ET AL. ET but are not always transparent many clinicians are happy to entire trial data set about it. leave analysis to funders. Kristine Rasmussen, a medical A survey of the trial’s lead Described involvement of a researcher at the Nordic Cochrane academic authors, completed by funder or their contracted Centre in Copenhagen, and around 40%, found that only 79% employees in a way that had colleagues searched 7 high-impact of those that responded reported not been disclosed in the paper SOURCE: K. RASMUSSEN medical journals, picking out having access to the entire trial the 200 most recent phase III data, and 11% said that they Had disagreements and phase IV trials of drugs, had had disagreements with with funder vaccines and medical devices the funders. About 21% said a (K. Rasmussen et al. Br. Med. J. funder, or one of their contracted 363, k3654; 2018). employees, had been involved in 0 20 40 60 80 100 They found that fewer than the research in a way that had not Percentage of lead academic authors half of the trials had academics been declared in the paper. ©2018 Spri nger Nature Li mited. All ri ghts reserved. ©2018 Spri nger Nature Li mited. All ri ghts reserved.11 OCTOBER 2018 | VOL 562 | NATURE | 169 .
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