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FISHERIES BRANCH Department of Marine and Fisheries

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FISHERIES BRANCH Department of Marine and Fisheries DOMINION OF CANADA SIXTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE FISHERIES BRANCH Department of Marine and Fisheries FOR THE YEAR 1927-28 • ;i2;■ - freer OTTAWA F. A. ACLAND PRINTER TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY 1928 , To His Excellency the Right Honourable Viscount Willingdan, G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G., G.C.I.E., G.B.E., Governor General and Commander in Chief of the Dominion of Canada. MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY: - I have the honour to submit herewith, for the information of your Excel- lency and the Parliament of Canada, the Sixty-first Annual Report of the Fisheries Branch of the Department of Marine and Fisheries. I have the honour to be, Your Excellency's most obedient servant, P. J. ARTHUR CARDIN, Minister of Marine and Fisheries. DEPARTMENT OF MARINE AND FISHERIES, Ottawa, July, 1928. 3 88937-11 CONTENTS PAGE Deputy Minister's Report covering- Review of the Fisheries of 1927 5 Operation of the Fish Inspection Act ' 9 The Inspection of Canneries and Canned Fish 10 Imperial Economic Committee's Report on Marketing Canadian Fish 10 Fisheries Intelligence Service 13 Fishing Bounty 13 - Fish Culture 14 North -American Committee on Fisheries Investigation 17 International Fisheries Commission 18 Marine Biological Board 20 Prosecutions 21 Oyster and Scallop Investigations 21 APPENDICES 1. Report of Inspectors of Fisheries 22 2. Report on Activities of Marine Biological Board 100 3. Report on Oyster and Scallop Investigations 119 4. Report of Fisheries Engineer on Fishways, etc 143 5. Fisheries Expenditure and Revenue 152 6. Entries of United States Fishing Vessels 164 7. Summary of Licen.ses Issued 169 8. Return of Prosecutions 172 9. Expenditure and Revenue by Provinces, 1867-1927 192 10. Report of Mr. J. J. Cowie and Mr. G. R. Earl on their work with Imperial Economic Committee 204 11. Report on the Fisheries of the McKenzie River Delta 209 4 DEPUTY MINISTER'S REPORT To the Hon. P. J. A. CARDI.N, Minister of Marine and Fisheries. Sm,—I have the honour to submit the Sixty-first Annual Report of the Fisheries Branch of the Department, which is for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1928. .The report deals with the following subjects:— Review of the Fisheries of 1927. Operation of the Fish Inspection Act. The Inspection of Canneries and Canned Fish. Imperial Economic Committee's Report on Marketing Canadian Fish.. Fisheries Intelligence Service. Fishing Bounty. Fish Culture. North American Committee on Fisheries Investigation. International Fisheries Commission. Marine Biological Board. - Prosecutions. Oyster and Scallop Investigations. Appendices to the report include the following:— Report of Inspectors of Fisheries. Report on Activities of Marine Biological Board. Report on Oyster and Scallop Investigations. Report of Fisheries Engineer on Fishways, etc. Fisheries E#enditure and Revenue. - Entries of United States Fishing -Vessels. Summary of Licenses Issued. — Return of Prosecutions. Expenditure and Revenue by provinces, 1867-1927. Report of Mr. J. J. Cowie and Mr. G. R. Earl on their work wâth Imperial Economic Committee. Report on the Fisheries of the McKenzie River Delta. REVIEW OF THE FISHERIES OF 1927 During the year under review the quantity of fish landed, both sea and inland, was much less than in 1926, and the marketed value was considerably lower. The marketed value for the whole of Canada was $49,497,038, while for 1926 it was $56,360,633. 5 6 MARINE AND FISHERIES The following table shows the marketed value by provinces for the whole of Canada, as compared with the two preceding years:— -- 1927 1926 1925 8 s $ Nova Scotia 10,783,631 12,505,922 10,213,779 New Brunswick 4,406,673 5,325,478 4,798,589 Prince Edward Island 1,367,807 1,358,934 1,598,119 Quebec 2,736,450 3,110,964 3,044,919 Ontario 3,670,229 3,152,193 3,436,412 Manitoba 2,039,738 2,328,803 1,466,939 Saskatchewan 503,609 444,288 , 494,882 Alliérta 712,469 749,076 458,504 British Columbia 23,264,342 27,367,109 22,414,618 Yukon Territory 12,090 17,866 15,370 Total 49,497,038 56,360,633 47,942,131 The province of Nova Scotia shows a decrease in value of a million and half dollars from the 1926 value but is a half million dollars ahead of that for 1925. Unfavourable weather conditions during 1927 were responsible for a large part of the decreased catch in this province, together with an over- production in the months of November and December of 1926, when unusually mild and favourable weather conditions aided the fishermen in landing large quantities of fish. The catch of cod and haddock was much lower and gave a decrease in value of $1,200,000 and $270,000 respectively. In the province of New Brunswick, where the drop in value was nearly a million dollars, there: were smaller catches of cod, pollock, herring, and lobsters. Notwithstanding a larger quantity of sardines landed, . the value was less by some $170,000. The value of the fisheries of Prince Edward Island shows a slight increase over that of the previous year, due to higher prices obtained for certain kinds of fish, although the catches in most instances were about the same or slightly lower than in 1926. In the province of Quebec, sea fisheries district, there were decreases in the catch of cod, herring, and lobsters. three of the chief kinds taken. The catch of salmon was slightly less, while a 'large increase in the catch of mackerel is recorded. The increase in the value for Ontario was due to larger catches of herring, trout, and tullibee. Although the catch of whitefish was -slightly less than in 1926, a higher value was obtained. Notwithstanding that the quantity of some of the principal kinds of fish landed was greater, the value shows a decrease. This was owing to poor markets and low prices received especially for pickerel and tullibee, which con- stitutes a large part Of the total production. The catch of whitefish in Saskatchewan shows an increase, with an increase of over $60,000 in value. There was also an increased catch of pickerel. In Alberta there was a large decrease in the catch and value of pickerel, an increase in the catch of pike but. a drop in value, more than double the catch of trout, and a slight decrease in the catch of whitefish. The province of Saskatchewan is the only one of the three Prairie Provinces to show an increa.sed value. This was due to increased catches of pickerel and vellitefish. In the province of Manitoba there were larger quantities of pickerel FISHERIES BRANCH 7 and tullibee landed but, owing to lower prices, there was a drop in the marketed value of each. Fewer whitefish were taken. In the province of Alberta the total value* is less despite the fact that some kinds of fish show large increases in the catch. Trout shows an increase from 3,901 cwt. to 10,882 cwt. with a corresponding increase in value, while tullibee also shows an increase in catch and value. The catch of pike was considerably larger but the value somewhat less. The province of British Columbia shows a considerable decrease. A big drop in the catch of salmon and a sraaller catch of halibut were mainly respon- sible for the decrease. A. much larger quantity of herring and pilchards were* taken than in 1926. ATLANTIC COAST Cod, Haddock, Hake, and Pollock.--The total quantities of these kinds of fish landed were 2,612,743 cwt., as compared with 3,429,024 cwt. in 1926. In each of the kinds of fish, in each of the provinces, with one or two exceptions, were decreased catches reported. The greatest falling off was in the catch of cod in Nova Scotia, which dropped from 1,858,944 cwt. in 1926 to 1,331,873 cwt. in 1927. The decrease in the catch of pollock in New Brunswick is quite noticeable, the figures for the year under review and the previous one being 7,693 cwt. and 38,271 cwt. respectively. Hake shows an increased catch in Nova Scotia of 27,000 cwt., there being 119,431 cwt. landed. Of the total of these kinds of fish landed, there were sold fresh and fresh fillets 334,175 cwt., or a decrease of 105,106 cwt. There were produced smoked and smoked fillets 111;431 cwt., compared with 151,357 cwt. in 1926. The catch of the Lunenburg fleet was 227,590 quintals, or 115,140 quintals less. During the gale of August 24 this fleet suffered the loss of four vessels and their entire crews. The total number of vessels engaged in fishing during 1927 was 83, or 9 fewer than fished in 1926. The prices received for the dried product, while slightly better than in the previous year, were still quite low. There were fourteen steam-trawlers operating out of Nova Scotia.: seven from Canso and seven from Halifax. This number was an increase of two. Mackerel, Herring, and Sardines.—Some 1,270,158 cwt. of these fish were landed. In the previous year 4531,399 cwt. were landed, or a decrease of 261,241 cwt. during 1927. In Nova Scotia there were 50,000 cwt. less herrings taken, while the catch of mackerel was greater by nearly 5,000 cwt. Some 10,000 cwt. less of herring; only half the quantity of mackerel, and 6,000 cwt. more sardines were taken in New Brunswick. The demand for sardines after the American canners commenced buying was good but the run of sardines somewhat light.
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