DOCSLIB.ORG

Recovery Strategy and Action Plan for the Maritime Ringlet

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Recovery Strategy and Action Plan for the Maritime Ringlet RECOVERY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN FOR THE MARITIME RINGLET (COENONYMPHA NIPISIQUIT) IN NEW BRUNSWICK 2005 (Disponible en français) Context The Maritime ringlet butterfly has been listed as Endangered under the New Brunswick Endangered Species Act since 1996. In 1997, the Committee on the Status of Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) assessed this species as Endangered, and with the coming into force of the Federal Species at Risk Act in 2002, the Maritime Ringlet received federal Endangered status. In 2002, the New Brunswick Minister of Natural Resources appointed a recovery team comprised of scientific experts, government biologists, stakeholders, and municipalities to develop a recovery plan to address the steps necessary to protect and maintain the species in New Brunswick. In 2005, the recovery team completed its mandate by submitting this recovery strategy and action plan to the Director of the Fish and Wildlife Branch, New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources. Recovery Strategy and Action Plan Acceptance The Recovery Strategy and Action Plan for the Maritime Ringlet (Coenonympha nipisiquit) in New Brunswick has been accepted as the best current advice on the measures needed to recover the Maritime Ringlet Butterfly in New Brunswick. Mr. Mike Sullivan Director, Fish and Wildlife Branch Department of Natural Resources Government of New Brunswick Date: February 15, 2006 Disclaimer The Recovery Strategy and Action Plan for the Maritime Ringlet was prepared by members of the New Brunswick Maritime Ringlet Recovery Team. It defines the recovery goals, approaches, objectives, and action plan that are deemed necessary to protect and recover the species. It does not necessarily represent the views of all individual members of the recovery team, or the official positions of the organizations with which the individual team members are associated. The goals, objectives and recovery approaches identified in the strategy are based on the best existing knowledge and are subject to modifications resulting from new findings and revised objectives. Implementation of the plan is subject to appropriations, priorities, and budgetary constraints of the participating jurisdictions and organizations. RECOVERY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN FOR THE MARITIME RINGLET (COENONYMPHA NIPISIQUIT) IN NEW BRUNSWICK Submitted to the Director of Fish and Wildlife Branch, New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources May 20, 2005 By the New Brunswick Maritime Ringlet Recovery Team (Disponible en français) Citation: New Brunswick Maritime Ringlet Recovery Team. 2005. Recovery Strategy and Action Plan for the Maritime Ringlet (Coenonympha nipisiquit) in New Brunswick. New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources. Fredericton, New Brunswick. Team Members: Mona Boudreau, Ville de Beresford Paul Chamberland, Environment Canada Kevin Connor, New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources Marcel David, Village de Bas-Caraquet Gilles Godin (chair), New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources Gabriel LeBreton, Village Historique Acadien Keith Loupelle, City of Bathurst Dr. Dan Quiring, Entomologist, University of New Brunswick Dwayne Sabine, New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources Dr. Reginald Webster, Entomologist Disclaimer: This Recovery Strategy and Action Plan was prepared for the New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources as advice on a comprehensive approach to the conservation of the Maritime ringlet butterfly. It is recognized that implementation of the recommendations will depend on availability of resources and expertise. Acknowledgements: We wish to thank the many people who have contributed to the knowledge and conservation of the Maritime ringlet over the years, as well as the agencies who have funded and supported their work. Production of this strategy would have been impossible without their enormous contributions. We hope that the ideas presented in this document will help build upon that legacy. Message from the Chair: Many thanks to all members for their comments and participation. A special thank you to Dwayne Sabine who had the task of taking notes during the meetings and who wrote most of this document. New Brunswick Maritime Ringlet Recovery Strategy TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary............................................................................................................3 Part I: Recovery strategy ..................................................................................................5 1.0 Species status .................................................................................................................5 1.1 Species description.........................................................................................................5 1.2 Recovery feasibility .......................................................................................................5 1.3 Goal and objectives........................................................................................................6 1.3.1 Goal ......................................................................................................................6 1.3.1.1 Rationale for goal.........................................................................................6 1.3.2 Objectives.............................................................................................................6 1.3.2.1 Monitoring and assessment..........................................................................6 1.3.2.2 Stewardship and education..........................................................................7 1.3.2.3 Protection.....................................................................................................8 1.3.2.4 Research.......................................................................................................9 Part II: Action plan..........................................................................................................10 2.0 Recovery activities.......................................................................................................10 2.1 Ecological And socio-economic considerations .........................................................13 2.2 Accomplishments to date.............................................................................................16 Part III: Background information .................................................................................17 3.0 Introduction..................................................................................................................17 3.1 Distribution and abundance ........................................................................................17 3.1.1 Current distribution.............................................................................................17 3.1.2 Former (historic) distribution..............................................................................17 3.1.3 Current abundance ..............................................................................................19 3.1.4 Former (historic) abundance...............................................................................19 3.2 Habitat requirements ..................................................................................................20 3.2.1 Habitat description..............................................................................................20 3.2.2 Current (occupied) habitat ..................................................................................22 3.2.3 Former (historic) habitat .....................................................................................23 3.2.4 Habitat availability..............................................................................................23 3.3 Ecology ....................................................................................................................25 3.3.1 Life cycle ............................................................................................................25 3.3.2 Movement patterns..............................................................................................27 3.3.3 Survival...............................................................................................................27 4.0 Threats and other barriers to recovery .........................................................................27 4.1 Natural factors .............................................................................................................27 4.1.1 Limited distribution ............................................................................................27 4.1.2. Habitat fragmentation ........................................................................................28 1 New Brunswick Maritime Ringlet Recovery Strategy 4.1.3. Ice scouring........................................................................................................29 4.2 Human-caused factors .................................................................................................29 4.2.1 Marsh infilling....................................................................................................29 4.2.2 Pollution: residential pesticides ..........................................................................30 4.2.3 Pollution: residential sewage ..............................................................................30 4.2.4 Pollution: industrial effluent ...............................................................................31 4.2.5 Oil spills..............................................................................................................31
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A News and Events Diary from Wildlife and Conservation Groups in the Ipswich Area
    Pantaloon Bee – see page 9 © Matt Garnham September - December 2018 A news and events Produced by the diary from wildlife and conservation groups in the Ipswich area BlueSnippets alien found White Admiral Lydia Woods in town Richard Stewart On the afternoon of Friday June 22nd my wife and I were walking down Westerfield Road in Ipswich and just past the gate into Christchurch Park we saw a white admiral on the pavement. It appeared to be a newly emerged While walking through Kiln Meadow on a warm adult but had probably been caught morning in July, I was more than a little surprised to in a vehicle slipstream. I cupped my hands around it, walked across the be confronted with a bright flash of blue! road and released the butterfly over the park railings. This was one of the On closer inspection I discovered a rather battered looking blue morpho butterfly new species I predicted for the park resting on the ground - not something you’d expect to see in Suffolk. These butterflies in future years as it has steadily been are generally found in Central and South America, although they are a popular choice colonising towards Ipswich. One was for butterfly houses – it’s likely this one escaped from the butterfly house situated at seen and photographed in The Dales Jimmy’s Farm. After taking some photos of this blue alien, I left the butterfly resting in a in 2015. With this in mind more patch of bindweed. While this was a lovely sight to see, hopefully it won’t be a regular honeysuckle, the larval food plant, occurrence.
    [Show full text]
  • Replacement Class Screening Report
    REPLACEMENT CLASS SCREENING WORKS ON OVER-WINTERING SITES FOR OYSTER AQUACULTURE REPLACEMENT CLASS SCREENING WORKS ON OVER-WINTERING SITES FOR OYSTER AQUACULTURE TRANSPORT CANADA ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS ATLANTIC REGION Heritage Court 95 Foundry Street Moncton, NB E1C 8K6 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.2. ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION OF SIGNIFICANCE OF RESIDUAL ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ....................................... 14 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................1 5. ISSUES SCOPING AND VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL 1.1. CLASS SCREENING AND THE CANADIAN COMPONENT SELECTION ................................................................. 15 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ACT (CEAA) ...................................3 5.1. ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON 1.2. RATIONALE FOR REPLACEMENT CLASS SELECTED VECS ................................................................................. 15 SCREENING (RCS).................................................................................4 5.2. MARINE HABITAT (MARINE WATERS AND MARINE 1.3. CONSULTATION................................................................5 SEDIMENTS)........................................................................................ 15 1.4 CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 5.2.1. WILDLIFE/MIGRATORY BIRDS................................... 16 REGISTRY (THE REGISTRY)....................................................................5 5.2.2. SPECIES AT RISK.......................................................... 16 2. PROJECTS SUBJECT TO CLASS
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Eel Fishery Management Plan Eastern
    INTEGRATED EEL FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN EASTERN NEW BRUNSWICK AREA GULF REGION 2007–2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................1 1.1. Overview of the Fishery..........................................................................................1 1.2. Participants..............................................................................................................4 1.3. Location of the fishery ..........................................................................................10 1.4. Fishing seasons and minimum length ...................................................................15 1.5. Fishing methods ....................................................................................................15 1.6. Landings, value and market ..................................................................................16 1.7. Advisory process...................................................................................................19 1.8. Type of management.............................................................................................20 2. INTEGRATED ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT....................................21 3. SPECIES AT RISK ACT .........................................................................................22 4. STOCK STATUS REPORT.....................................................................................24 4.1. Biology, environment and habitat.........................................................................24
    [Show full text]
  • The Radiation of Satyrini Butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): A
    Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 161, 64–87. With 8 figures The radiation of Satyrini butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a challenge for phylogenetic methods CARLOS PEÑA1,2*, SÖREN NYLIN1 and NIKLAS WAHLBERG1,3 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, Peru 3Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland Received 24 February 2009; accepted for publication 1 September 2009 We have inferred the most comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis to date of butterflies in the tribe Satyrini. In order to obtain a hypothesis of relationships, we used maximum parsimony and model-based methods with 4435 bp of DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear genes for 179 taxa (130 genera and eight out-groups). We estimated dates of origin and diversification for major clades, and performed a biogeographic analysis using a dispersal–vicariance framework, in order to infer a scenario of the biogeographical history of the group. We found long-branch taxa that affected the accuracy of all three methods. Moreover, different methods produced incongruent phylogenies. We found that Satyrini appeared around 42 Mya in either the Neotropical or the Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental, and/or Indo-Australian regions, and underwent a quick radiation between 32 and 24 Mya, during which time most of its component subtribes originated. Several factors might have been important for the diversification of Satyrini: the ability to feed on grasses; early habitat shift into open, non-forest habitats; and geographic bridges, which permitted dispersal over marine barriers, enabling the geographic expansions of ancestors to new environ- ments that provided opportunities for geographic differentiation, and diversification.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrates – a Forgotten Group of Animals In
    INVERTEBRATES – A FORGOTTEN GROUP OF ANIMALS IN INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING? BUTTERFLIES AS TOOLS AND MODEL ORGANISMS IN SWEDEN John Askling (Phone: +46 13 12 25 75, Email: [email protected]), Calluna AB, Linköpings slot, SE-582 28 Linköping, Sweden, Fax: +46 13 12 65 95, and Karl-Olof Bergman, (Phone: +46 13 28 26 85, Email: [email protected]), Department of Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 82 Linköping, Sweden, Fax: +46 13 28 13 99 Abstract: There is a growing concern about the ecological effects of roads and railways on animals. There is increased mortality due to road kills, changes in movement patterns and changes in the physical environment in areas affected by infrastructure. A majority of all studies have been on larger mammals. There are also a growing number of studies on smaller animals like birds, amphibians and small mammals. However, the studies of invertebrates are few in comparison with vertebrates, and the knowledge of the effects of infrastructure on this group is limited. The importance of also including invertebrates in the studies of infrastructure is evident. First of all, this group of animals is the richest of species that exists. They are also ecologically important. In Sweden, a majority of the red-listed species are invertebrates. Of 4,120 red-listed species, fully 2,337 are invertebrates. Their generation times are fast, which also makes the response on changes in their environment fast, compared to mammals and birds. For that reason, invertebrates can be expected to give an indication earlier than mammals if an area is negatively affected by infrastructure.
    [Show full text]
  • Satyrijdae) ~~Edwards
    STUDIES OF NEARCTJC (RHOPALOCERA, SATYRIJDAE) COENON0YMPHA TULLIA INORNATA 0 ~~EDWARDS F. MARTIN BROWN :ULEI .~~~~O THE -AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ rVLM .0: ARIL NvVYR:15 4 STUDIES OF NEARCTIC COENONYMPHA TULLIA (RHOPALOCERA, SATYRIDAE) STUDIES OF NEARCTIC COENONYMPHA TULLIA (RHOPALOCERA, SATYRIDAE) COENONYMPHA TULLIA INORNATA EDWARDS F. MARTIN BROWN Fountain Valley School Colorado Springs, Colorado BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 105 : ARTICLE 4 NEW YORK : 1955 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 105, article 4, pages 359-410, text figures 1-19, plates 28, 29, tables 1-21 Issued March 14, 1955 Price: $.75 a copy INTRODUCTION THE INSECTS that compose the superspecies western parts of the Great Basin and the tullia are quite variable. Apparently they are southern part of Oregon is a small cluster of sensitive to environmental conditions and as forms that have these characters in common: a whole represent plastic and probably they are ocellated, very pale in color, and are "young" species. The shuttling about that clearly two brooded. This is california West- has been forced upon these insects in North wood and Hewitson. Two other names are America by the vacillation of the Pleistocene applied to these insects: galactinus and ice sheets has caused considerable differentia- eryngii. The former seems to be merely a tion among populations. When series from brood name; the latter may represent some well-separated localities are studied they ap- degree of hybridization with the adjacent pear to represent sharply defined species and form, ampelos. subspecies. That this is an illusion can be On the west coast, north of California, and demonstrated by study of material from in the basin-range region, there flies a group many localities across the continent.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relatedness of Erebia Medusa and E. Epipsodea (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Confirmed
    Eur. J. Entomol. 110(2): 379–382, 2013 http://www.eje.cz/pdfs/110/2/379 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) Phylogenetic relatedness of Erebia medusa and E. epipsodea (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) confirmed 1 2, 3 4 MARTINA ŠEMELÁKOVÁ , PETER PRISTAŠ and ĽUBOMÍR PANIGAJ 1 Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Science, Soltesovej 4–6, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia 3 Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovskeho 40, 841 04 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia 4 Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia Key words. Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Erebia medusa, E. epipsodea, mtDNA, COI, ND1 Abstract. The extensive genus Erebia is divided into several groups of species according to phylogenetic relatedness. The species Erebia medusa was assigned to the medusa group and E. epipsodea to the alberganus group. A detailed study of the morphology of their copulatory organs indicated that these species are closely related and based on this E. epipsodea was transferred to the medusa group. Phylogenetic analyses of the gene sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) confirm that E. medusa and E. epipsodea are closely related. A possible scenario is that the North American species, E. episodea, evolved after exclusion/isolation from E. medusa, whose current centre of distribution is in Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthropods in Linear Elements
    Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis committee Thesis supervisor: Prof. dr. Karlè V. Sýkora Professor of Ecological Construction and Management of Infrastructure Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Thesis co‐supervisor: Dr. ir. André P. Schaffers Scientific researcher Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Other members: Prof. dr. Dries Bonte Ghent University, Belgium Prof. dr. Hans Van Dyck Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium Prof. dr. Paul F.M. Opdam Wageningen University Prof. dr. Menno Schilthuizen University of Groningen This research was conducted under the auspices of SENSE (School for the Socio‐Economic and Natural Sciences of the Environment) Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Jinze Noordijk Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. M.J. Kropff, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Doctorate Board to be defended in public on Tuesday 3 November 2009 at 1.30 PM in the Aula Noordijk J (2009) Arthropods in linear elements – occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen NL with references, with summaries in English and Dutch ISBN 978‐90‐8585‐492‐0 C’est une prairie au petit jour, quelque part sur la Terre. Caché sous cette prairie s’étend un monde démesuré, grand comme une planète. Les herbes folles s’y transforment en jungles impénétrables, les cailloux deviennent montagnes et le plus modeste trou d’eau prend les dimensions d’un océan. Nuridsany C & Pérennou M 1996.
    [Show full text]
  • Weelsby Woods Park Management Plan 2015
    WEELSBY WOODS PARK MANAGEMENT PLAN 2015 – 2020 North East Lincolnshire Council 1 FOREWORD WEELSBY WOODS PARK FIVE YEAR MANAGEMENT & MAINTENANCE PLAN 2015-2020 Parks and open spaces can be havens for wildlife, places for quiet relaxation and reflection, venues for healthy exercise, areas for play and focal points for the community. For these reasons, parks and open spaces have an important role in providing communities with a balanced and agreeable quality of life. North East Lincolnshire is therefore fortunate to have a number of high quality and accessible parks and open spaces scattered across the area. Each with its own charm; each serving its own community. Above all, parks make a key contribution to the image and identity of our local area. Our vision for parks is that by 2022, there will be a diverse network of safe, accessible and attractive green spaces that are well managed and maintained, through community participation, to enhance the quality of life, sense of well-being, health and learning opportunities for all sections of the community. The council is committed to creating spaces that are safe, clean and well maintained. In partnership with funding bodies, the Friends Group and many other partners, North East Lincolnshire Council is pleased to be able to preserve and enhance this special place for future generations to enjoy. 1 Weelsby Woods Park Management Plan 2015 - 2020 CONTENTS Contents WEELSBY WOODS PARK ........................................................................................ 1 MANAGEMENT PLAN 2015
    [Show full text]
  • New Brunswick Eastern Habitat Joint Venture Five Year Implementation Plan for the North American Waterfowl Management Plan
    New Brunswick Eastern Habitat Joint Venture Five Year Implementation Plan for the North American Waterfowl Management Plan New Brunswick Eastern Habitat Joint Venture December 14 2007 Executive Summary The New Brunswick Eastern Habitat Joint Venture (NB-EHJV) was established in 1989 to implement the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP) in New Brunswick through a partnership of federal, provincial and regional conservation organizations. The NB-EHJV Five Year Implementation Plan to be known as the Plan is an update of the 1989 – 2004 NB Eastern Habitat Joint Venture Implementation Plan. The Plan outlines the current status of wetland habitats and waterfowl populations in New Brunswick and presents waterfowl population goals and habitat conservation targets for the next five years. The Plan is a blueprint for the conservation of important breeding, staging and wintering waterfowl habitat in New Brunswick. It describes the habitat conservation program the NB- EHJV partnership will employ to achieve the waterfowl population objectives, the methods for program assessment and the resource needs. Though this Plan may benefit other bird species, it does not explicitly address the objectives for the other bird Pillars of the North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI). The Plan will address 15% (1,105 IBP) of the 7,600 IBP population deficit for dabbling ducks (American black duck, Mallard, green-winged teal, ring-necked duck) in NB through the enhancement or restoration of 1,380 hectares of wetlands and the active management of 13,901 hectares of wetlands to optimum waterfowl brood rearing conditions. A nest box program will be used to increase wood duck and common goldeneye.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 1958-59-, Which Also Contains Lists of Its Scientific Staff and Various Publications
    LII3RA17.Y NS C(.1;772,, ,-)011 V,IEST Fte 24 3 Fjp,o.:ay:s CANADA OTTSWA, Or..;`1.2.:210, 1(1A. Wi7,6 e, ‘-;/- N 1,101te _Ale)OCEe3 Vet VISI-e'PeS 11,0011. esràzs s.rr., 240 Oefe.10i CeA.D.A. • • .. 'UPI. 0E6 , s.. , Being the Ninety-second Annual Fisheries Report of the Government of Canada ERRATA Department of Fisheries of Canada, Annual Report, 1958-59. Page 32, paragraph 1, line 4, the figure '1960' should read '1959 1 . Page 51, paragraph 1, line 8, the figure '1947' should read '1957'. 78047-8--1 4 THE QuEEN's PRINTER AND CONTROLLER OF STATIONERY OTTAWA, 1960 Price 50 cents. Cat. No. Fs. 1-59 To His Excellency Major-General Georges P. Vanier, D.S.O., M.C., C.D., Governor General and Commander-in-Chief of Canada. May it Please Your Excellency : I have the honour herewith, for the information of Your Excellency and the Parliament of Canada, to present the Annual Report of the Department of Fisheries for the fiscal year 1958-1959. Respectfully submitted Minister of Fisheries. 78047-8--1I 4 To The Honourable J. Angus MaCLean, M.P., Minister of Fisheries, Ottawa, Canada. Sir: I submit herewith the Annual Report of the Department of Fisheries for the fiscal year 1958-1959. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant e,6) • Deputy Minister. CONTENTS Page Introduction 7 Conservation and Development Service 10 Departmental Vessels 29 Inspection and Consumer Service 32 Economics Service 44 Information and Educational Service 46 Industrial Development Service 49 1 Fishermen's Indemnity Plan 51 Fisheries Prices Support Board 53 Fisheries Research Board of Canada 56 International Commissions 70 Special Committees 92 The Fishing Industry 93 Statistics of the Fisheries 99 APPENDICES 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Risk Assessment
    Ecological Sustainability Analysis of the Kaibab National Forest: Species Diversity Report Ver. 1.2 Prepared by: Mikele Painter and Valerie Stein Foster Kaibab National Forest For: Kaibab National Forest Plan Revision Analysis 22 December 2008 SpeciesDiversity-Report-ver-1.2.doc 22 December 2008 Table of Contents Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 1 PART I: Species Diversity.............................................................................................................. 1 Species List ................................................................................................................................. 1 Criteria .................................................................................................................................... 2 Assessment Sources................................................................................................................ 3 Screening Results.................................................................................................................... 4 Habitat Associations and Initial Species Groups........................................................................ 8 Species associated with ecosystem diversity characteristics of terrestrial vegetation or aquatic systems ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]