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Home , Agropyron, Callophrys augustinus, Carex lacustris, Cornus rugosa, Danthonia spicata, Desmodium canadense

Halton_Butterfly_List Halton Region and Host List The Halton Regional Rank in this list is based on the data from the Halton Natural Areas Inventory which is available from Conservation Halton, contact Brenda Axon for a copy or see the website : http://www.conservationhalton.on.ca/ . The Ontario Residency Status for the listed is based on the Ontario Butterfly Checklist compiled by Colin Jones, contact the Hamilton Naturalists' Club for a copy : http://www.hamiltonnature.org/ . The list of larval host is mostly derived from the Butterflies of Canada by Ross A. Layberry, Peter W. Hall, and J. Donald Lafontaine but other sources may have been referenced. Common names follow Butterflies of Canada and the scientific names follow Pelham (http://butterfliesofamerica.com/US-Can-Cat-1-30- 2011.htm). Ontario Halton Region Scientific Name Common Name Larval Host Plants Residency Status Rank HESPERIIDAE – Skippers Pea family; Black Locust* (Robinia pseudo-acacia* ), Hog Peanut (Amphicarpaea Silver-spotted Resident Common bracteata ), Groundnut (Apios americana ), and Showy Tick-trefoil ( canadense ) pylades Northern Cloudywing Resident Common herbaciouse including Hog Peanut ( Amphicarpaea bracteata ) Erynnis icelus Dreamy Resident Common poplars (Poplus spp), (Salix spp) and birchs (Betula spp) Erynnis juvenalis Juvenal's Duskywing Resident Common oaks (Quercus spp) Erynnis martialis Mottled Duskywing Resident Rare New Jersey Tea ( ) Erynnis funeralis Funereal Duskywing Non-breeding Immigrant Rare N/A - does not breed here Erynnis lucilius Columbine Duskywing Resident Uncommon Wild Columbine ( Aquilegia canadensis ) Wild Indigo (Baptisia tinctoria ), Crown Vetch* (Coronilla varia*), and posibly tick- Erynnis baptisiae Wild Indigo Duskywing Resident Uncommon trefoils (Desmodium spp) Amaranthaceae species including Tumbleweed* (Amaranthus graecizans* ) and catullus Common Sootywing Resident Rare Chenopodiaceae specis especialy Lamb's Quarters* (* )

Carterocephalus palaemon Arctic Skipper Resident Common Native grass species (specifics not known/researched) Native wetland grass species including bluegrass ( spp ), Rice Cutgrass (Leersia Ancyloxypha numitor Least Skipper Resident Common oryzoides ) Non-native grasses: prefers Grass* (Phleum pratense* ) but will also eat Thymelicus lineola* European Skipper* Resident Common others. A variaty of common and weedy grasses. Such as Blue Grass ( Poa phyleus Fiery Skipper Breeding Immigrant Rare pratensis ), bentgrasses* ( spp* .), and Crabgrasses* (Digitaria spp* ) Perennial grasses including Little Bluestem ( scoparius ), Blue Grama leonardus Leonardus Skipper Resident Rare ( gracilis ), and panic grasses ( spp ). grasses including Little Bluestem ( ), Nodding Fescue Indian Skipper Resident Rare (Festuca obtusa ), panic grasses (Panicum spp ) and Poverty Grass ( spicata ) Peck's Skipper Resident Common grasses including Rice Cutgrass ( Leersia oryzoides ) grasses including panic grasses ( Panicum spp ), crab grasses* (Digitaria spp* ), and Tawny-edged Skipper Resident Common blue grasses (Poa spp ). grasses including Redtop Grass ( flavus ) and Little Bluestem (Andropogon Crossline Skipper Resident Common scoparius ) grasses including blue grasses ( Poa spp ), Quack Grass* (Agropyron repens* ), Polites mystic Long Dash Skipper Resident Common Barnyard Grass (Echinochloa repens ), and Timothy Grass* (Phleum pratense* ).

Page 1 Halton_Butterfly_List grasses including Crab Grass* (Digitaria sanguinale* ) and Panic Grass (Panicum egeremet Northern Broken-Dash Resident Common clandestinum and P. dichototum ) Little Glassywing Resident Common grasses including Redtop Grass ( Tridens flavus ) grasses including woolly beard grasses* (Erianthus spp* ), Switchgrass (Panicum Anatrytone logan Delaware Skipper Resident Common virgatum ), and Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardii ) massasoit Mulberry Wing Resident Rare sedges ( spp ) Poanes hobomok Hobomok Skipper Resident Common grasses including panic grasses ( Panicum spp ) and blue grasses (Poa spp ) Poanes viator Broad-winged Skipper Resident Uncommon broad leafed sedges: Carex lacustris and C. rostrata dion Dion Skipper Resident Uncommon sedges: Carex lacustris and C. hyalinopis , posibly C. stricta Euphyes conspicua Black Dash Resident Uncommon sedges; posibly Euphyes bimacula Two-spotted Skipper Resident Rare Euphyes vestris Dun Skipper Resident Common sedges: Carex lacustris, C. spissa and C. gracillima grasses including Kentucky Blue Grass ( ), bent grasses (Agrostis spp ) Amblyscirtes vialis Common Roadside Skipper Resident Rare and posibly Cultivated Oats* (Avena sativa )* PAPILIONIDAE – Swallowtails Battus philenor Pipevine Swallowtail Breeding Immigrant Rare Dutchman's Pipe* (Aristolochia macrophylla* ) parsley family including Queen Anne's Lace/Wild Carrot* ( Daucus carota* ) and Papilio polyxenes Black Swallowtail Resident Common cultivated Carrot* (Daucus carota* ), Dill* (Anethum graveolens* ), Parsley* (Petroselinum hortense* ) and Celery* (Apium graveolens* ). Papilio cresphontes Giant Swallowtail Resident Rare Northern Prickly Ash (Xanthoxylum americanum ) and Hop (Ptelea trifoliata ) Tulip Tree (Liriodendron tulipifera ), Hop Tree (Ptelea trifoliata ) but also cherrys Papilio glaucus Eastern Tiger Swallowtail Resident Common (Prunus spp ) and ashs (Fraxinus spp ) large variaty of including willows (Salix spp ), cherrys (Prunus spp ) poplars Papilio canadensis Canadian Tiger Swallowtail Resident Rare ( spp ) and ashs (Fraxinus spp ) Spicebush ( benzoin ), Sassafras (Sassafras albidum ) and Tulip Tree Papilio troilus Spicebush Swallowtail Resident Rare (Liriodendron tulipifera ) PIERIDAE – Whites and Sulphurs mustard family (Brassicaceae ) including cultivated Cabbage* (Brassica oleracea* ) and Pontia protodice Checkered White Temporary Resident Extripated Turnip* (Brassica rapa* ) and many wild mustard species. mustard family (Brassicaceae ) especialy rock cresses (Arabis spp ) and toothworts Pieris oleracea Mustard White Resident Common (Dentaria spp ) Pieris virginiensis West Virginia White Resident Common Broadleaf Toothwort (Dentaria diphylla ) mustard family (Brassicaceae ) including Cabbage*, Cauliflower*, and Broccoli* (all Pieris rapae* Cabbage White* Resident Common cultivars of Brassica oleracea* ) legumes (Fabaceae ) particularly * (Trifolium spp* ) and Alfalfa* (Medicago Colias philodice Common Sulphur Resident Common sativa* ) legumes (Fabaceae ) particularly clovers* (Trifolium spp* ) and Alfalfa* (Medicago Colias eurytheme Orange Sulphur Breeding Immigrant Common sativa* ) Pyrisitia lisa Little Yellow Non-breeding Immigrant Rare N/A does not breed here – Coppers, Blues, Hairstreaks our only carnivourous species, its catterpillars feed on Woolly Aphids (Paraprociphilus Feniseca tarquinius Harvester Resident Uncommon tessellatus ) who feed on alders (Alnus spp ) Lycaena phlaeas American Copper Resident Uncommon Sheep Sorrel* (Rumex acetosella* ) or Curled Dock* (Rumex crispus* ) Curled Dock (Rumex crispus ), Water Dock (R. oriculatus ) and knotweeds (Polygonum Lycaena hyllus Bronze Copper Resident Uncommon spp ) Lycaena helloides Purplish Copper Resident Extripated knotweeds (Polygonum spp ) and docks (Rumex spp ) acadica Acadian Hairstreak Resident Uncommon willows (Salix spp )

Page 2 Halton_Butterfly_List cherries (Prunus spp ) but also reported on Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia ) Satyrium titus Coral Hairstreak Resident Uncommon and oaks (Quercus spp ) Satyrium edwardsii Edwards' Hairstreak Resident Rare oaks (Quercus spp ) oaks (Quercus spp ), hickorys (Carya spp ) and walnuts (Juglans spp ) but particularly Banded Hairstreak Resident Common Butternut ( ) Bitternut Hickory ( ), Butternut (Juglans cinerea ), Red Oak (Quercus Satyrium caryaevorus Hickory Hairstreak Resident Common rubra ), White Ash ( ) , and hawthorns (Cratageus spp ) Plums and cherrys (Prunus spp ) and hawthorns (Cratagus spp ) but also rarely oak, Satyrium liparops Striped Hairstreak Resident Common , poplar and blueberry blueberries ( spp ), Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ), Leatherleaf augustinus Brown Elfin Resident Rare (Chamaedaphne calyculata ) and Labrador Tea (Ledum groenlandicum ) Callophrys niphon Eastern Pine Elfin Resident Uncommon (Pinus banksiana ) and posibly White Pine (P. strobus ) legumes (Fabaceae ) including White * (Trifolium repens* ), Red Clover* (T. Everes comyntas Eastern Tailed Blue Resident Common pratense* ), and Cow Vetch* ( cracca* ) cherrys (Prunus spp ), blueberrys (Vaccinium spp ), and early blooming viburnums Celastrina lucia Spring Azure Resident Common (Viburnum spp ) Dogwoods (Coruns spp ), New Jersey Tea (Ceanothus americanus ), meadowsweets Celastrina neglecta Summer Azure Resident Common ( spp ), and late blooming viburnums (Vibernum spp ) cherry (Prunus spp ) mostly Choke Cherry (Prunus virginiana ) but also Nannyberry Celastrina serotina Cherry Gall Azure Resident Uncommon? (Viburnum lentago ) and Bristly Sarsaparilla (Aralia hispida ) legumes (Fabaceae ), usualy common non-natives like Cow Vetch* (Vicia cracca* ), Glaucopsyche lygdamus Silvery Blue Resident Uncommon White Sweet Clover* (Melilotus alba* ), and Alfalfa* (Medicago sativa* )

NYMPHALIDAE - Brushfoots Libytheana carinenta American Snout Breeding Immigrant Rare Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis ) wide variaty of plants including violets (Viola spp ), flax (Linum spp ), stonecrop Variegated Fritillary Breeding Immigrant Rare (Sedum spp ), plantains (Plantago spp ) and at least six other families. Speyeria cybele Great Spangled Fritillary Resident Common violets (Viola spp ) Speyeria aphrodite Aphrodite Fritillary Resident Uncommon violets (Viola spp ) Boloria selene Silver-bordered Fritillary Resident Uncommon violets (Viola spp ) Boloria bellona Fritillary Resident Uncommon violets (Viola spp ) composites (Asteraceae ) such as sunflowers (Helianthus spp ), asters (Aster spp ), Chlosyne nycteis Silvery Crescentspot Resident Uncommon and coneflowers (Rudbeckia spp ) Phyciodes tharos Pearl Crescent Resident Common asters (Aster spp ) including Lindley's Aster (Symphyotrichum ciliolatum ) Phyciodes cocyta Northern Crescent Resident Common asters (Aster sp ) Phyciodes batesii Tawny Crescent Resident Rare asters (Aster sp ) Turtlehead (Chelone glabra ) is the prefered foodplant but sometimes will feed on Euphydryas phaeton Baltimore Checkerspot Resident Uncommon others, in Ontario ashes (Fraxinus spp ) seems to be the prefered alternative foodplant Polygonia interrogationis Question Mark Breeding Immigrant Common Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica ), elms (Ulmus spp ), or Hops (Humulus lupulus ) Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica ), Wood Nettle ( canadensis ), elms (Ulmus spp ), Eastern Comma Resident Common or Hops (Humulus lupulus ) Polygonia progne Gray Comma Resident Uncommon currants and goosberries ( Ribes spp ) Nymphalis l-album Compton Tortoiseshell Resident Uncommon willow (Salix sp ), (Betula spp ) and poplar (Populus spp ) willows (Salix sp ), elms (Ulmus spp ), poplars (Populus spp ), and hackberrys (Celtis Nymphalis antiopa Mourning Cloak Resident Common spp ) Aglais milberti Milbert's Tortoiseshell Resident Uncommon stinging nettles ( Urtica spp )

Page 3 Halton_Butterfly_List wide variaty of composites (Asteraceae ) including everlastings and cudweeds Vanessa virginiensis American Lady Breeding Immigrant Common (Gnaphalium, Antennaria and Anaphalis spp ) wide variaty of composites (Asteraceae ) including thistles (Cirsium and Carduus spp ), Vanessa cardui Painted Lady Breeding Immigrant Common knapweeds (Centaurea spp ), burdocks* (Arctium spp* ) sunflowers (Helianthus spp ) and wormwoods (Artemisia spp ) Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral Breeding Immigrant Common stinging nettles ( Urtica spp ) and Wood Nettle (Laportea canadensis )

plantains (Plantago spp ) and the figwort familiy (Scophulariaceae ) especialy toadflaxs Junonia coenia Common Buckeye Breeding Immigrant Rare (Linaria spp ), gerardias (Gerardia spp ) and snapdragons* (Antirrhinum spp* )

Limenitis arthemis arthemis White Admiral Resident Common willows (Salix spp ), poplars (Populus spp ), and birchs (Betula spp ) willows (Salix spp ), poplars (Populus spp ), cherries (Prunus spp ) and oaks (Quercus Limenitis arthemis astyanax Red-spotted Purple Resident Common spp ) Limenitis archippus Viceroy Resident Common willows (Salix spp ) and poplars (Populus spp ), Asterocampa clyton Tawny Emperor Resident Rare Hackberry (Celtis occidentaris and C. tenuifolia ) woodland grasses including Bearded Shortgrass ( Brachyelytrum erectum ) and False Enodia anthedon Northern Pearly Eye Resident Common Melic Grass (Schizachne purpurascens ) Lethe eurydice Eyed Brown Resident Common sedges, usualy Carex lacustris, C. atherodes and C. rostrata Appalachian Eyed Brown Resident Common sedges including Carex lacustis and C. stricta Little Wood Satyr Resident Common grasses including Cocksfoot ( Dactylis glomerata ) and Blue Grass (Poa pratensis ) Coenonympha tullia Common Resident Common grasses including Blue Grass ( Poa pratensis ) and needlegrasses (Stipa spp ) grasses including Wild Oats ( Avena fatua ), Purpletop Grass (Tridens flavus ), and Cercyonis pegala Common Wood Nymph Resident Common bluestems (Andropogon spp ) Danaus plexippus Monarch Breeding Immigrant Common Milkweeds (Asclepias spp ) * butterfly species that are not native to Ontario *plant species not native to Halton Region

Page 4 Appendix 1 of Conservation Halton Landscaping and Tree Preservation Guidelines Table 1 Native Herbaceous Vegetation List

The following list is comprised of herbaceous flora locally native and fairly common to the Halton Region. The species are categorized into broad moisture zones, environmental tolerances and vegetation types. This list is not all inclusive. It is presented to give guidance regregarding appropriate species and planting locations. To see the full Landscaping Guidelines see the "Planning and Permits" section of the Coinservation Halton website: http://www.conservationhalton.on.ca . The "Number of " column is based on available data compiled by Doug Tallamy's research. For more information see his website or book "Bringing Nature Home " : http://bringingnaturehome.net/

Moisture Zone Tolerances Wildlife Benefits

Scientific Name Common Name Vegetation Type Upland Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water Shade Moisture Pollinator resources (Nectar/Pollen) for Plant Host Larval the following butterflies Number of Lepidoptera species in mid-Atlantic that use as per Doug Tallamy's list Bloom Time Height Grasses Leonard's Skipper, Indian Skipper, Crossline Skipper, Full Sun Dry - Fresh - 11 N/A 48 - 96 inches Delaware Skipper, Common Wood Nymph Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem X Grass Dry - Sand, Poverty Oat Grass Full Sun - Indian Skipper 1 N/A 4 - 30 inches X Gravel prefered Grass Full Sun - Dry - Moist - 31 N/A 24 - 60 inches canadensis Canada Wild Rye X Part Shade Grass Part Shade - Dry - Fresh - 31 N/A 30 - 36 inches Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush Grass X Shade Grass Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye X Full Sun Fresh - Moist - 31 N/A 24 - 48 inches Grass Bromus pubescens Canada Brome X Shade Dry - Fresh - 12 N/A 36 - 48 inches Grass Muhlenbergia mexicana var. Muhly Grass Full Sun Moist - 4 N/A 24 - 36 inches mexicana X Grass Long Dash Skipper, Part Shade Moist - Hobomok Skipper, Tawny- 42 N/A 24 - 36 inches Poa palustris Fowl Bluegrass X edged Skipper Grass Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem X Full Sun Dry - Indian Skipper 6 N/A 24 - 36 inches Grass Full Sun - Dry - 0 N/A 18 - 30 inches Sporobolus cryptandrus Sand Dropseed X Part Shade Grass Wetland Sedges and Rushes Sun - Part Moist - N/A Carex bebbii Bebb's Sedge X Shade 36 12 - 24 inches Sedge Sun - Part Moist - N/A Carex comosa Bristly Sedge X Shade 36 12 - 36 inches Sedge Sun - Part Moist - N/A Carex crinita Fringed Sedge X Shade 36 24 - 48 inches Sedge Sun - Part Moist - N/A Carex hystericina Porcupine Sedge X Shade 36 12 - 36 inches Sedge Part Shade - Moist - N/A Carex intumescens Bladder Sedge X Shade 36 12 - 24 inches Sedge Sun - Part Moist - Wet - N/A Carex lacustris Lake-Bank Sedge X Shade 36 24 -48 inches Sedge Part Shade - Moist - N/A Carex lupulina Hop Sedge X Shade 36 12 -36 inches Sedge Carex pseudo-cyperus Cyperus-Like Sedge X Sun Moist - 36 N/A 36 - 48 inches Sedge Sun - Part Moist - N/A Carex stipata Awl-Fruited Sedge X Shade 36 24 - 36 inches Sedge

Revised June 2011 Scirpus validus validus Scirpus Typha latifolia latifolia Typha Scirpus pendulus pendulus Scirpus Actaea pachypoda Actaea Carex albursina Carex Asclepias tuberosa Asclepias Scirpus cyperinus cyperinus Scirpus Actaea rubra Actaea Asclepias Eleocharis erythropoda Eleocharis Equisetum fluviatile fluviatile Equisetum Eleocharis smallii smallii Eleocharis Scirpus atrovirens atrovirens Scirpus Eleocharis obtusa obtusa Eleocharis Anemone cylindricaAnemone canadensisAnemone Aralia racemosa ssp. ssp. racemosa Aralia esculentus Cyperus Aquilegia canadensis Aquilegia Anemone virginianaAnemone Anaphalis margaritacea Anaphalis plantago-aquatica Alisma Asclepias incarnata incarnata Asclepias Carex vulpinoidea Carex androsaemifolium Apocynum Carex stricta Carex Carex pensylvanica Carex Carex plantaginea Carex Carex platyphylla Carex Carex radiata Carex Carex rosea Carex racemosa cetfcNm CommonName Name Scientific ottmBluhX Bulrush Softstem ra-evdCtalX Cattail Broad-Leaved Pendulus Bulrush Pendulus White-bear Sedge White-bear Wool Grass Bulrush Grass Wool Red-based Spikerush Red-based ae osti X Horsetail Water Common Spikerush Common Green Bulrush Green Blunt Spikerush Blunt elwNteg X YellowNutsedge FoxSedge Tussock Sedge Tussock Pennsylvania Sedge Pennsylvania Plantain-leaved Sedge Plantain-leaved Broad-leaved Sedge Broad-leaved Star Sedge Star Rosy SedgeRosy ht aeer X Baneberry White Butterfly Weed X Full Sun Dry N Monarch 12 June - Sep 1 - 3 - 1 Sep - June 12 Monarch N Dry Sun Full X Weed Butterfly e aeer X Baneberry Red Common Milkweed X Full Sun Dry N Monarch 12 June - Aug 2 - - 2 Aug - June 12 Monarch N Dry Sun Full X Milkweed Common pknr X Spikenard aaaAeoeXX X X Anemone Long-fruited Anemone Canada idClmieX Columbine Wild alAeoeX Anemone Tall eryEelsigXFl u r / mrcnLd July 7 Lady American N/P Dry Sun Full X X Everlasting Pearly Plantain Water SwampMilkweed pedn obn X Dogbane Spreading hd r rs - Fresh Dry - Shade X atSaeDy- Dry Shade Part X hd rs os - Moist - Fresh Shade X hd rs os - Moist - Fresh Shade X atSaeFeh-Mit- Moist - Fresh Shade Part X hd rs os - Moist - Fresh Shade X Upland Zone Moisture X X X X X X X X Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian

X Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade Part Shade Part Part Shade Part Part Shade Part Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Full Sun - - Sun Full - Sun Full Full Sun - - Sun Full Full Sun - - Sun Full ulSnMit-WtN Wet - Moist Sun Full Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade u os e - Wet - Moist Sun u os - Moist Sun u os - Moist Sun u os - Moist Sun u os e - Wet - Moist Sun Shade Tolerances Wildlife Benefits Wildlife Tolerances rs os N/P Moist - Fresh os e - Wet - Moist r rs P Fresh Dry - r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r rs P Fresh Dry - r rs n Fresh Dry - r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r rs N Fresh Dry - UplandSedges os - Moist os - Moist os - Moist os - Moist os - Moist os - Moist Moist N Monarch 12 June - July 4 - 5 feet 5 - 4 July - June 12 Monarch N Moist Wildflowers r N Dry Moisture

Pollinator resources (Nectar/Pollen)

Larval Host Plant for the following butterflies

Number of Lepidoptera 11 11 11 18 11 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 2My-Jn 2-3 nhsWildflower inches 36 - 12 June - May 12 2Jn u 8-4 nhsWildflower inches 48 - 18 Aug - June 22 0 5 0 0 1 a ue1 0ice Wildflower inches 30 - 18 June - May 4 a uy1 8ice Wildflower inches 18 - 12 July - May 1 ue-Jl 2-2 nhsWildflower inches 24 - 12 July - June 1 a ue1 0ice Wildflower inches 30 - 18 June - May 4 0 June - Aug 12 - 36 inches Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent inches 36 - 12 Aug - June 0 ue-Jl etWildflower feet 6 - 3 July - June 8 ue-Jl etWildflower feet 3 - 2 July - June 1 species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A - Sep 15 - 30 inches 30 - 15 Sep - Bloom Time (foliage 6 inches) 6 (foliage 4-6 nhsBulrush inches 60 - 24 8-9 nhsBulrush inches 96 - 48 6-6 nhsBulrush inches 60 - 36 9-9 nhsCattail inches 96 - 49 0-4 nhsBulrush inches 48 - 30 2-1 nhsSpikerush inches 18 - 12 2-3 nhsSpikerush inches 36 - 12 2-3 nhsSedge inches 36 - 12 4-3 nhsSedge inches 36 - 24 2-1 nhsSedge inches 18 - 12 2-1 nhsSedge inches 18 - 12 4-6ice Horsetail inches -36 24 6 - 24 inches inches 24 - 6 6ice Sedge inches 36 - 6 2ice Spikerush inches 12 - 6 2ice Sedge inches 12 - 6 2ice Sedge inches 12 - 6 2ice Sedge inches 12 - 6 4 feet 4

feet Height Revised June 2011Revised Sedge Wildflower Wildflower Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent Wildflower VegetationType Lobelia cardinalis cardinalis Lobelia Lilium michiganense michiganense Lilium versicolor Iris pallida Impatiens capensis Impatiens Hydrophyllum virginianum Hydrophyllum Hydrophyllum canadense Hydrophyllum Helianthus divaricatus Helianthus Fragaria vesca ssp. americana ssp. vesca Fragaria Fragaria virginianaFragaria Eurybia macrophylla Eurybia Eupatorium rugosum Eupatorium Eupatorium perfoliatum perfoliatum Eupatorium Eupatorium maculatum maculatum Eupatorium Epilobium angustifolium angustifolium Epilobium Desmodiumglutinosum Desmodiumcanadense Asarum canadense Asarum Coreopsis lanceolata Coreopsis Chelone glabraChelone Caltha palustris Caltha Calla palustris palustris Calla Bidens frondosa frondosa Bidens cernua Bidens cetfcNm CommonName Name Scientific adnlFoe X Cardinal ihgnLl X Lily Michigan aeTuhM-o atSaeMitN N Moist Moist Shade Part Shade Part X X Flag Blue Wild Touch-Me-Not Pale Touch-Me-Not Spotted ignaWtrefX Waterleaf Virginia aaaWtrefX Waterleaf Canada odadSnlwrX Sunflower Woodland odadSrwer X Strawberry Woodland omnSrwer X Strawberry Common ag-evdAtrX Aster Large-leaved ht nkro X Snakeroot White oee X Boneset o-y-edX Joe-pye-weed hw ikteolXSn r os N Moist Dry - N Sun X Fresh Dry - Shade Part X X Fireweed Tick-trefoil Pointed-leaved ShowyTick-trefoil ac-evdCrossXSn r N/P Dry Sun X Coreopsis Lance-leaved uteedX Turtlehead as aiodX Marigold Marsh Water Arum Water odn u-aiodXPr hd os N/P Moist Shade Part X X Beggarticks Common Bur-marigold Nodding idGne X Ginger Wild

Upland Zone Moisture

X Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian

X Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade Part Part Shade Part Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Full Sun - - Sun Full Full Sun - - Sun Full Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Tolerances Wildlife Benefits Wildlife Tolerances rs os N Moist - Fresh rs os N Moist - Fresh rs os - Moist - Fresh Moist - Wet N Baltimore Checkerspot 3 July - Sep 24 - 36 - 24 Sep - July 3 Checkerspot Baltimore N Wet - Moist os e N/P Wet - Moist r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r os N/P Moist Dry - rs N/P Fresh os N Moist os N Moist os N Moist os N/P Moist os N/P Moist os N/P Moist e N/P Wet Dry N/P Silvery Crescentspot 75 July - Sep 24 - 72 inche 72 - 24 Sep - July 75 Crescentspot Silvery N/P Dry Moisture

Pollinator resources (Nectar/Pollen) Duskywing Indigo Wild Posibly Duskywing Indigo Wild Posibly

Larval Host Plant for the following butterflies

Number of Lepidoptera 1Jl u 4-6 nhsWildflower inches 60 - 24 Aug - July 11 15 June - July 24 - 36 inches Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent inches 36 - 24 July - June 15 2Jl u 6-2ice Wildflower inches -72 36 Wildflower inches 60 - 24 Aug - July Aug - July 12 12 1Arl-My3-6ice Wildflower inches 6 - 3 May - April 81 81 April - May 3 - 6 inches 6 - 3 May - April 81 1Ag-Sp1 3 nhsWildflower inches -36 12 Sep - Aug 41 1Jl e 4-4 nhsWildflower inches 48 - 24 Sep - July 41 1Jl e 8-8 nhsWildflower inches 84 - 48 Sep - July 41 1Jl u 8-7 nhsWildflower inches 72 - 48 Aug - July 31 7Jl u 6-4 nhsWildflower inches 40 - 16 Wildflower Aug - July inches 72 - 24 Aug - July 17 17 5Jl u 2-3 nhsWildflower inches 36 - 12 Aug - July 15 5Jn u 4-3 nhsWildflower inches 36 - 24 Aug - June 15 uy-Sp2 0ice Wildflower inches 60 - 24 Sep - July 4 a ue6-2 nhsWildflower inches 24 - 6 June - May 0 a ue6-1 nhsWildflower inches 12 - 6 June - May 0 0 Aug - Sep 24 - 36 inches 36 - 24 Sep - Aug 0 ue-Jl 2-2 nhsWildflower inches 24 - 12 July - June 6 pi a 0-1 nhsWildflower inches 18 - 10 May - April 0 ? June - July 6 - 12 inches Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent inches 12 - 6 July - June ? pi a nhsWildflower inches 6 - 4 May - April 0 species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list

Bloom Time

inches Height s Revised June 2011Revised Wildflower Wildflower Wildflower Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent VegetationType Solidago canadensis Solidago caesia Solidago Solidago bicolor Solidago altissima var. altissima Solidago Sisyrinchium montanum Sisyrinchium Sium suave suave Sium Scutellaria galericulata galericulata Scutellaria Sanguinaria canadensis Sanguinaria Sagittaria latifolia latifolia Sagittaria Rumex orbiculatus orbiculatus Rumex Rudbeckia laciniata Rudbeckia Rudbeckia hirta Rudbeckia Prenanthes alba Prenanthes anserina ssp. anserina Potentilla cordata Pontederia Polygonatum pubescens Polygonatum Polygala senega Polygala divaricata Phlox Penthorum sedoides Penthorum Penstermon hirsutus Penstermon Penstemon digitalis Penstemon parviflora Oenothera biennis Oenothera Monarda fistulosa Monarda repens Mitchela Ludwigia palustrisLudwigia Mimulus ringens ringens Mimulus Lysimachia ciliata ciliata Lysimachia Lobelia siphilitica Lobelia Lycopus americanus americanus Lycopus cetfcNm CommonName Name Scientific aaaGlerdXSnDy-FehN/P Fresh Dry - Sun N/P Fresh Dry - Shade Part X X Goldenrod Canada Goldenrod Blue-stemmed alGlerdXSnDy-FehN/P Fresh Dry - Sun X X Silverrod Goldenrod Tall leee rs u r rs n Fresh Dry - Sun X Grass Blue-eyed ae asi X Parsnip Water as klcpX Skullcap Marsh loro X Bloodroot ra-evdArwedX Arrowhead Broad-Leaved ra ae okX Dock Water Great re-eddCnfoe X Coneflower Green-headed Black-eyed Susan X X Sun Dry - Fresh N/P Silvery Crescent Silvery N/P Fresh Dry - Sun X X Susan Black-eyed ht etc X Lettuce White ivredXX X Silverweed Pickerelweed ooa' elX Seal Soloman's lePlxX X Snakeroot Seneca Phlox Blue ic tnco X Stonecrop Ditch ar ertnu u r rs N Fresh Dry - Sun X HairyBeardtongue ht ertnu u r rs N N/P Fresh Dry - Fresh Dry - Sun Sun N/P Fresh Dry - X Sun X X Beardtongue White X Primrose Evening Primrose HairyYellow Evening idBrao X X Bergamot Wild Partridgeberry Water-purslane okyFoe atSaeMitN Moist Shade Part X Flower Monkey rne ossrf X Loosestrife Fringed leLblaX Lobelia Blue ae oeon X Horehound Water

Upland Zone Moisture Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian Sun X X Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Tolerances Wildlife Benefits Wildlife Tolerances rs os N/P Moist - Fresh os e n Wet - Moist os e n Wet - Moist Moist - Wet n Bronze Copper 54 June - Aug 36 - 60 inches 60 - 36 Aug - June 54 BronzeCopper n Wet - Moist os e N Wet - Moist r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r rs N Fresh Dry - r rs N Fresh Dry - r rs N Fresh Dry - r rs N Fresh Dry - Fresh N/P Silvery Crescentspot 16 July - Sep 48 - 84 inc 84 - 48 Sep - July 16 Crescentspot Silvery N/P Fresh rs N Fresh rs N/P Fresh os N Moist os - Moist os N Moist os N/P Moist os N Moist e N/P Wet Moisture

Pollinator resources (Nectar/Pollen)

Larval Host Plant for

spot 16 June - Sep 24 - 36 inches 36 - 24 Sep - June 16 spot the following butterflies

Number of Lepidoptera 1 u c 6-7 nhsWildflower inches 72 - 36 Wildflower inches 36 - 12 Oct - Aug Sep - Aug 115 115 1 uy-Ot1 6ice Wildflower inches 36 - 12 Oct - July 115 1 u c 8-8 nhsWildflower inches 84 - 48 Oct - Aug 115 5Jn u nhsWildflower inches 6 - 2 Aug - June 15 7Jl e 0-6 nhsWildflower Wildflowerinches 60 - 30 inches 72 - 60 Sep - July Sep - July 17 17 uy-Ag1 6ice Wildflower inches 36 - 12 Aug - July 4 ue-Sp6-3 nhsWildflower inches 36 - 6 Sep - June 2 p My6-2ice Wildflower inches -12 6 -May Apl 2 5 July - Sep 24 - 60 inches 60 - 24 Sep - July 5 4 June - Sep 12 - 36 inches Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent inches 36 - 12 Sep - June 4 a ue1 0ice Wildflower inches 30 - 12 June - May 1 ue-Jl 0ice Wildflower inches 20 - 6 July - June 0 a ue6-1 nhsWildflower inches 12 - 6 Wildflower June - May inches 30 - 12 Sep - July 8 8 ue-Jl 2-3 nhsWildflower inches 30 - 12 July - June 8 ue-Jl 2-3 nhsWildflower inches 36 - 12 July - June 8 uy- e 0-4 nhsWildflower inches 48 - 30 Sep - July 7 2 July - Aug? - July 2 a uy1-4ice Wildflower inches 4 - 1 July - May 0 uy-Ag1 6ice Wildflower inches 36 - 12 Aug - July 4 uy-Sp2 6ice Wildflower inches 36 - 24 Sep - July 4 ue-Ag1 6ice Wildflower inches 36 - 18 Aug - June 6 uy-Ag6-3 nhsWildflower inches 30 - 6 Aug - July ? species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list ue-Jly6-1 nhsWildflower inches 12 - 6 Julty - June u e 2-4 nhsWildflower inches 48 - 12 Sep - Aug

Bloom Time Submerged or or Submerged 6 - 12 inchs 12 - 6

Height hes Revised June 2011Revised Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent Wildflower Wildflower Wildflower Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent VegetationType pilosum Waldsteinia fragarioides Waldsteinia urticifolia Verbena Verbena hastata Verbena Symphyotrichum pilosum var. var. pilosum Symphyotrichum angliae novae- Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides Symphyotrichum Triosteum aurantiacum Triosteum pubescens Thalictrum puniceum Symphyotrichum Symphyotrichum cordifolium Symphyotrichum Sparganium eurycarpum eurycarpum Sparganium Solidago patula Solidago nemoralis Solidago juncea Solidago gigantea Solidago Solidago flexicaulis Solidago Solidago rugosa Solidago Sparganium emersum Sparganium cetfcNm CommonName Name Scientific arnSrwer X Strawberry Barren ht evi X Vervain White leVranX Vervain Blue e nln se u r rs N/P Fresh Dry - N/P Fresh Dry - Sun Sun X X NewAster England Aster Smooth et se u r rs N/P Fresh Dry - Sun X Aster Heath idCfe atSaeDy-FehN - N/PFresh Dry - Shade Wet - Part Moist Moist Sun Shade Part N/P Fresh Dry - X X X Sun Coffee Wild MeadowTall Rue X SwampAster Aster Heath White er-evdAtrX Aster Heart-leaved omnBrre Sun X Bur-reed Common ryGlerdXSnDy-FehN/P N/P Fresh Dry - N/P Fresh Dry - Fresh Dry - Sun Sun Sun X X X X X Goldenrod Rough-leaved Goldenrod Grey Goldenrod Early Goldenrod Late i-a odno X Zig-zagGoldenrod og-tme odno XX X Goldenrod Rough-stemmed Green-fruited Bur-reed Green-fruited

Upland Zone Moisture Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian

Sun X Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water Part Shade - - Shade Part Part Shade - - Shade Part Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Sun - Part Part - Sun Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Shade Tolerances Wildlife Benefits Wildlife Tolerances rs os N/P Moist - Fresh os e N/P Wet - Moist os e - Wet - Moist os e - Wet - Moist r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r rs N/P Fresh Dry - r rs N/P Fresh Dry - os N/P Moist os N/P Moist Moisture

Pollinator resources (Nectar/Pollen) Silvery Crescentspot Silvery Tawny Crescent, Crescent, Northern Crescent, Pearl Crescentspot Silvery Tawny Crescent, Crescent, Northern Crescent, Pearl Silvery Crescentspot Silvery Tawny Crescent, Crescent, Northern Crescent, Pearl Silvery Crescentspot Silvery Tawny Crescent, Crescent, Northern Crescent, Pearl Silvery Crescentspot Silvery Tawny Crescent, Crescent, Northern Crescent, Pearl Crescentspot Silvery Tawny Crescent, Crescent, Northern Crescent, Pearl

Larval Host Plant for the following butterflies

Number of Lepidoptera 109 Aug - Oct 24 -48 inches -48 24 Oct - Aug inches -48 24 109 Oct - Aug 109 109 Sep - Oct 12 - 36 inches 36 - 12 Oct - Sep 109 109 Aug - Sep 8 - 24 inches 24 - 8 Sep - Aug 109 109 July - Sep 24 - 60 inches 60 - 24 Sep - July inches 60 - 24 109 Oct - Aug 109 1 u c 2-3 nhsWildflower inches 36 - 12 Wildflower Wildflowerinches 48 - 24 Oct - Aug inches 72 - 36 Aug - July Oct - Aug 115 115 115 1 uy-Sp1 6ice Wildflower inches 36 - 12 Sep - July 115 1 u c 6-7 nhsWildflower inches 72 - 36 Oct - Aug 115 1 e c 6-6 nhsWildflower inches 60 - 36 Oct - Sep 115 9Jl e 6-7 nhsWildflower inches 72 - 36 Sep - July 19 9Jl e 4-7 nhsWildflower inches 72 - 24 Sep - July 19 3Jn uy2 4ice Wildflower inches 54 - 24 July - June 13 p ue3-8ice Wildflower inches 8 - 3 June - Apl 0 a ue2 8ice Wildflower inches 48 - 24 June - May 3 3 June - Aug 24 - 72 inches Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent inches 72 - 24 Aug - June 3 3 July - Aug 12 - 36 inches Emergent / Wildflower / Emergent inches 36 - 12 Aug - July 3 species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list

Bloom Time

Height Revised June 2011Revised Wildflower Wildflower Wildflower Wildflower Wildflower Wildflower VegetationType Appendix 1 of Conservation Halton Landscaping and Tree Preservation Guidelines Table 2 Native Woody Vegetation List

The following list is comprised of woody flora locally native and fairly common to the Halton Region. The species are categorized into broad moisture zones, environmental tolerances and vegetation types. This list is not all inclusive. It is presented to give guidance regregarding appropriate species and planting locations. To see the full Landscaping Guidelines see the "Planning and Permits" section of the Coinservation Halton website: http://www.conservationhalton.on.ca . The "Number of Lepidoptera" column is based on available data compiled by Doug Tallamy's research. For more information see his website or book "Bringing Nature Home " : http://bringingnaturehome.net/

Moisture Zone Environmental Tolerances Wildlife Benifits

Successional Vegetation Scientific Name Common Name means Bolded Status Type Upland Upland Riparian Fringe/Wet Floodline Fringe/Shallow Shoreline Water Salt Wind Shade Moisture Soil Wildlife General Attracts resources Pollinator (Nectar/Pollen), for LarvalPlant Host butterflies following the Lepidoptera of Number North species mid-Atlantic in as per genus use America that list Tallamy's Doug time Bloom Height they are very good soarce, *N/P* *N/P* soarce,theyarevery good soarce exceptionalygood means

Harvester larvae feed on Woolly P and Wind XX Aphids (Paraprociphilus tessellatus) 255 Apirl - May 15 - 25 feet Pollinated who feed on alders (Alnus spp) Alnus incana spp. rugosa Speckled Alder Early Low Full Sun Moist - Wet Variable Downy Serviceberry / Full Sun - X 125 Apirl - May 20 - 32 feet Amelanchier arborea Juneberry Early - Mature Moderate High Part Shade Dry - Moist Acidic X N/P Shrub Full Sun - Sandy, X 125 Apirl - May 15 - 30 feet Amelanchier laevis Smooth Juneberry Early - Mature Part Shade Dry - Moist Acidic X N/P Shrub Round-leaved Full Sun - Rocky, X 125 Apirl - May 10 feet Amelanchier sanguinea Serviceberry Early - Mature Moderate High Part Shade Dry - Moist Acidic X N/P Shrub Shadbush / Dwarf Full Sun - Sandy, X 125 Apirl - May 3 - 7 feet Amelanchier spicata Serviceberry Early - Mature Moderate High Part Shade Dry - Fresh Acidic X N/P Shrub Full Sun - Well X Mottled Duskywing, Summer Azure 45 June - Aug 1 - 3 feet Ceanothus americanus New Jersey Tea Early Moderate Part Shade Dry - Fresh Drained N/P Shrub Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush Early XX Full Sun Moist - Wet Variable X N/P 19 June - July 1 - 3 feet Shrub Alternate-leaved Part Shade - Well XX Summer Azure 118 May - June 15 - 25 feet alternifolia Dogwood Mature Low Shade Dry - Fresh Drained X N/P Shrub Well Cornus obliqua (amomum ssp. Silky Dogwood X Sun - Part Drained, Summer Azure 118 May - June 6 - 12 feet obliqua) Early Low Shade Moist - Wet Humus X N/P Shrub

Clay, Sand, Cornus canadensis Bunchberry X Summer Azure 118 May - June < 1 foot Sun - Part Loam, Mature Shade Moist Humus X N/P Shrub Sun - Part Well X Summer Azure 118 May - June 10 - 15 feet Cornus foemina (racemosa) Grey Dogwood Early Low Shade Dry - Moist Drained X N/P Shrub Part Shade - Sandy X Summer Azure 118 May - June 9 feet Cornus rugosa Round-leaved Dogwood Early Shade Dry - Fresh Loam X N/P Shrub

XX Full Sun - Clay, Sand, Summer Azure 118 May - June 5 - 15 feet Cornus stolonifera Red-osier Dogwood Early Low Part Shade Fresh - Wet Loam X N/P Shrub Full Sun - X 118 March -May 5 - 15 feet Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazelnut Early High Part Shade Dry - Moist Loam X N/P Shrub Full Sun - Hickory Hairstreak, Striped X 168 May - June 15 - 50 feet spp. Hawthorn Early Low Part Shade Dry - Moist Loam, Clay X N/P Hairstreak Shrub Full Sun - Fresh - Sandy X 5 June - July 2 - 4 feet Diervilla lonicera Bush Honeysuckle Early High Shade Moist Loam N/P Shrub Fresh - Sandy Dirca palustris Leatherwood X 1 March - April 4 - 6 feet Mature Shade Moist Loam N/ P Shrub Enriched Euonymus obovata Running Strawberry-bush X 11 May - June < 1 foot Mature Shade Dry - Moist Soils N Full Sun - Fresh - X 63 Sep - Nov 15 - 25 Hamamelis virginiana Witch Hazel Mature High High Shade Moist Moist N/P Shrub Full Sun - Acidic, X 39 May - June 6 - 10 feet Ilex verticillata Winterberry Early High Part Shade Fresh - Wet Organic X N Shrub Fresh - X Spicebush Swallowtail 38 March 6 - 10 feet Lindera benzoin Spicebush Mature Moderate Part Shade Moist Moist XN Shrub

Lonicera canadensis Fly-honeysuckle Sun - Partial 37 May - June 3 - 6 feet X Moderate Shade Moist - Wet Moist XN Shrub Sun - Part 3 - 6 feet Lonicera dioica Wild Honeysuckle Early X High Dry - Moist Loam X N/P 37 May - June Shrub Shade (Trailing ) Full Sun - Loamy X May - June 6 -10 feet Nemopanthus mucronatus Mountain Holly Part Shade Moist Organic N Shrub

Revised June 2011 Rubus pubescens Salix amygdaloides Rubus odoratus Rubus occidentalis Rubus idaeus melanolasius ssp. Rosa blanda Ribes triste Rosa palustris Salix bebbiana Ribes cynosbati Rosa carolina Ribes americanum Rubus allegheniensis Rhamnus alnifolia Prunus virginiana Prunus pensylvanica cetfcNm Common Name Scientific Name Dwarf Raspberry Peach-Leaved Willow Raspberry Purple-flowering Black Raspberry Red Wild Raspberry Alder-Leaved Buckthorn Smooth Rose Wild Swamp Red Currant Swamp Rose Beaked Willow Prickly Gooseberry Pasture Rose Wild BlackWild Currant Common Common Blackberry Staghorn Sumac Choke Cherry Pin Cherry Early - Mature Early - Mature Early - Mature Early - Mature Early - Mature Successional Status Status Early Early Early Early Early Early Early Early Early Early X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Upland Moisture Zone X X X X X X Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian

Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water High High ihModerate High High Low Salt High

Wind Environmental Tolerances Part Shade - Part Shard - Part Shade Part Shade Part Shade atSaeMoist Part Shade atSaeDry - Moist Part Shade atSaeDry Part Shade atSaeMit-WtVariable Moist - Wet Part Shade Part Shade Part Shade atSaeDry - Moist Part Shade Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - ulSnMit-WtVariable Moist - Wet Full Sun ulSnDry Full Sun ulSnFeh-WtVariable Fresh - Wet Full Sun ulSnDry - Fresh Full Sun ulSnDry - Moist Full Sun Shade Moist Moist - Wet Shade hd os e Acidic Moist - Wet Shade Shade Fresh - Fresh - Fresh - Fresh - Fresh - os Loam Moist Moist Moist Moist Moist Moisture Clay, Sand, Clay, Sand, Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Humus Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Loam, Sand, Loam Loam Loam adXN/P X Sand Soil X N/P X N/P X N/P X N X X N X N X N/P X N/P X X X Attracts General Wildlife

*N/P* *N/P* Pollinator resources N/P N/P N/P N N N /P /P (Nectar/Pollen), Bolded means they are very good soarce, *N/P* means exceptionaly good soarce Acadian Hairstreak , Canadian Tiger Acadian Hairstreak , Canadian Tiger ryCma9 a ue3 - 4 feet May - June 99 Gray Comma ryCma9 a ue3 - 4 feet May - June 99 Gray Comma Duskywing spotted Purple, Viceroy, Dreamy Mourning Cloak, Admiral, White Red- Swallowtail, Compton Tortoiseshell, Duskywing spotted Purple, Viceroy, Dreamy Mourning Cloak, Admiral, White Red- Swallowtail, Compton Tortoiseshell, ryCma9 a ue3 - 4 feet May - June 99 Gray Comma Swallowtail Swallowtail, Canadian Tiger Cherry Gall Azure, Eastern Tiger Striped Hairstreak, Spring Azure. Swallowtail Swallowtail, Canadian Tiger Cherry Gall Azure, Eastern Tiger Striped Hairstreak, Spring Azure. Wildlife Benifits

Larval Host Plant for the following butterflies

Number of Lepidoptera 6 u u 3-8 feet Jun - Aug 163 163 163 May - June < 1 < foot May - June 163 3 a ue1 - 3 fett May - June 135 5 p a 6 - 18 feet Apl - May 455 10 - 50 feet Apl - May 455 3 ue-Jl 1-2 feet June - July 135 6 June 163 Jun - July 163 3 a ue6 - 12 feet May - June 135 5 pi a 12 - 24 feet April - May 456 5 a ue15 - 36 feet May - June 456 8Jn uy3 - 24 feet June - July 58 0My-Jn 1 - 3 feet May - June 10 species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list Jun - July (aug?) Bloom time arch sideways arch sideways arch sideways downward) downward) downward) (eventually Revised 2011 June (eventually (eventually 3 - 10 feet 3 - 10 feet 3 - 6 feet and and and Height Vegetation Tree/Shrub Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Type Viburnum lentago Sambucus canadensis Salix petiolaris Salix exigua Salix eriocephala Salix lucida Viburnum acerifolium Sambucus racemose spp. pubens Vaccinium myrtilloides Taxus canadensis Symphoricarpos albus Vaccinium angustifolium Viburnum rafinesquianum trifolia Shepherdia canadensis Spiraea alba cetfcNm Common Name Scientific Name Nannyberry White ElderberryWhite Slender Willow Sandbar Willow Woolly Headed Willow Shining Willow Maple-leaved Viburnum Red Elderberry Early Sweet Blueberry Velvet- Blueberry Canada Yew Snowberry Lowbush Blueberry Downy Arrow-wood ldentXX X Bladdernut Buffaloberry/Soapberry Meadowsweet Narrowleaf Pussy Pussy Willow Early - Mature Early - Mature Early - Mature Early - Mature Successional Mature Status Status Early Early Early Early Early Early Early Early Early Early Early X X X X X X X X Upland Moisture Zone X X X X X X X X X X Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian

Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water High High High ihHigh High High High High High o Low Low Salt Moderate

Wind Environmental Tolerances Part Shade - u hd r os Variable Dry - Moist Sun - Shade u SaeDry - Fresh Sun -Shade atSaeDry - Moist Part Shade atSaeDry - Fresh Part Shade atSaeMitRich, Damp Moist Part Shade atSaeDry - Fresh Part Shade Part Shade Moist Moist - Wet Part Shade atSaeDry - Fresh Part Shade atSaeDry - Fresh Part Shade Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - ulSnMit-WtVariable Moist - Wet Full Sun Variable Moist - Wet Full Sun Variable Moist - Wet Full Sun ulSnMit-WtVariable Moist - Wet Full Sun Full Sun Moist Moist - Wet Full Sun ulSnDry - Fresh Full Sun ulSnMit-WtVariable Moist - Wet Full Sun Shade - hd Dry - Fresh Shade Sh a d e Partial Shade Fresh - Moist Moisture Clay, Sand, Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Limestone, Organic Alkaline Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Loam, Loam, Sand, Sand, Sand, Sand, Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Clay Soil X X X X N/P X X N X N X N X X N X X Attracts General Wildlife Wind PollinatedWind *N/P* *N/P* *N/P* *N/P* *N/P* Pollinator resources N/P N/P N N N N N (Nectar/Pollen), Bolded means they are very good soarce, *N/P* means exceptionaly good soarce Acadian Hairstreak , Canadian Tiger Acadian Hairstreak , Canadian Tiger Acadian Hairstreak , Canadian Tiger Acadian Hairstreak , Canadian Tiger Acadian Hairstreak , Canadian Tiger Hairstreak Spring Azure, rarely Striped Duskywing spotted Purple, Viceroy, Dreamy Mourning Cloak, Admiral, White Red- Swallowtail, Compton Tortoiseshell, Duskywing spotted Purple, Viceroy, Dreamy Mourning Cloak, Admiral, White Red- Swallowtail, Compton Tortoiseshell, Duskywing spotted Purple, Viceroy, Dreamy Mourning Cloak, Admiral, White Red- Swallowtail, Compton Tortoiseshell, Duskywing spotted Purple, Viceroy, Dreamy Mourning Cloak, Admiral, White Red- Swallowtail, Compton Tortoiseshell, Duskywing spotted Purple, Viceroy, Dreamy Mourning Cloak, Admiral, White Red- Swallowtail, Compton Tortoiseshell, umrAue14My-Jn 10 - 29 feet May - June 104 Azure Summer Hairstreak Spring Azure, rarely Striped Hairstreak Spring Azure, rarely Striped Hairstreak Spring Azure, rarely Striped umrAue14My-Jn 5 - 10 feet May - June 104 Azure Summer umrAue8 ue-Jl 2 - 6 feet June - July 89 Azure Summer Wildlife Benifits

Larval Host Plant for the following butterflies

Number of Lepidoptera 0 a ue4 - 6 feet May - June 104 5 p a 3 - 9 feet Apl - May 455 6 - 24 feet Apl - May 455 6 - 27 feet Apl - May 455 6 - 12 feet Apl - May 455 6 - 18 feet Apl - May 455 9 a ue0.5 - 2 feet May - June 294 9 a ue0.5 - 2 feet May - June 294 9 a ue0.5 - 2 feet May - June 294 2Jl 5 - 13 feet July 42 2June - July 42 5Jn uy1 - 3 feet June - July 25 2Al-My2 - 8 feet Apl - May 22 a ue6 - 13 feet May - June 2 a 1 - 6 feet May 8 species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list

Bloom time Revised 2011 June 3fe Shrub 3 - 13 feet

Height Shrub/Small Tree Shrub/Small Tree Vegetation Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Sh ru b Type Acer Acer spicatum Abies balsamea Picea glauca Ostrya virginianaOstrya Carya ovata Pinus strobus Carya cordiformis Acer Acer rubrum Fagus grandifolia Fraxinus nigra Fraxinus americana Larix laricina Carpinus caroliniana Betula papyrifera Acer Acer saccharum Juglans nigra Juniperus virginiana Acer Acer saccharinum Fraxinus pennsylvanica Malus coronaria Acer Acer saccharum nigrum ssp. Zanthoxylum americanum Viburnum trilobum cetfcNm Common Name Scientific Name American Beech American Hornbeam White SpruceWhite Ironwood Shagbark Hickory Eastern Pine White Bitternut Hickory Black Ash White AshWhite Tamarack (Musclewood) Paper Birch Black Walnut Yellow Birch Eastern Red Cedar Red Ash Wild Crab Wild Apple Mountain Maple Balsam Fir Prickly Ash Highbush Cranberry Red Maple Sugar Maple Silver MapleSilver Black Maple al aueX Early - Mature al aueX Early - Mature al aueXLwLow Low X Early - Mature al aueX Early - Mature al aueXHigh X Early - Mature al aueX Early - Mature al aueXModerate X Early - Mature al aueX Early - Mature al aueXLow X Early - Mature Mature - Old Successional Growth aueX Mature aueXLow X Mature aueXHigh X Mature aueXLwHigh Low X Mature aueXLow X Mature aueX Mature Status Status al ihHigh High X Early Early al Moderate X Early al oeaeModerate Moderate X Early al X Early Early Early al Moderate X Early Low X X Upland Moisture Zone X X Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian

Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water Low Salt

Wind Environmental Tolerances Part Shade - Sun - Shade atSaeLoam, Clay Part Shade Part Shade Part Shade Part Shade Sun - Part Sun - Part Sun - Part Sun - Part Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun Moist Moist Loam Full Sun Full Sun ulSnLoam, Clay Full Sun ulSnVariable Full Sun Full Sun Shade - Sh a d e hd Loam Shade Sh a d e Sh a d e hd Clay, Loam Shade hd Acidic Shade Sh a d e Sh a d e Sh a d e Sh a d e Partial Sun Sun Sun Moist Moist Loam Sun Sun Shade Trees Fresh - Fresh - os Poor Moist os Variable Moist Moisture Clay, Sand, Clay, Sand, Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Sand, Silt, Drained Slightly Slightly Humus Slightly Slightly Fertile, Acidic, Sandy Loam, Sandy Acidic Acidic Acidic Acidic cdcX Acidic Sand, Sand, Loam Loam Well Well Soil X N X X X X N X X N/P X X Attracts General Wildlife Wind PollinatedWind idPliae atr ieEfn10My-Jn 100 - May - June 150 Eastern Pine Elfin Pollinated Wind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind idPliae addHisra 2 a ue80 - 1 May - June 129 Banded Hairstreak Pollinated Wind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind Wind PollinatedWind P and Wind P and Wind Pollinated Pollinated Pollinator resources N/P N N N N (Nectar/Pollen), Bolded means they are very good soarce, *N/P* means exceptionaly good soarce Admiral, Dreamy Dukywing Admiral, Dreamy Dukywing Hairstreak Banded Hairstreak, Hickory Hairstreak Banded Hairstreak, Hickory Checkerspot Swallowtail, Baltimore sometimes Hickory Hairstreak, Eastern Tiger Compton Tortoiseshell, White Compton Tortoiseshell, White Baltimore Checkerspot Tiger Swallowtail, sometimes Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Canadian Baltimore Checkerspot Tiger Swallowtail, sometimes Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Canadian in wloti a ue6 - 13 feet May - June 6 Giant Swallowtail umrAue14My-Jn 6 - 12 feet May - June 104 Azure Summer Wildlife Benifits

Larval Host Plant for the following butterflies May - June * usualy two weeks after domesti

Number of Lepidoptera 3 pi a 60 - 80 feet April - May 235 3 ue70 - 90 feet June 235 4 pi a 50 - 80 feet April - May 149 2 pi a 60 - 90 feet April - May 127 1 a 60 - 70 feet May 411 1 a 60 - 80 feet May 411 4 pi a 50 - 70 feet April - May 149 4 pi a 50 - 70 feet April - May 149 5 pi a 0-6 etTree 40 - 60 feet April - May 150 308 9 a ue1 0fe Tree 10 - 30 feet May - June 297 2 pi a 0-8 etTree 50 - 80 feet April - May 121 9 pi 0-7 etTree 50 - 75 feet April 297 1 May - June 117 297 March - March April 297 9 April 297 9 April 297 4Arl-My2 0fe Tree 20 - 30 feet April - May 94 8Arl-My2 0fe Tree 20 - 30 feet April - May 68 2Arl-My3 0fe Tree 30 - 50 feet April - May 42 species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list

Bloom time 90 - 120 Feet 80 - 115 feet 0-2 etTree 20 - 25 feet 50 - 75 feet 50 - 75 feet Revised 2011 June 160 feet 20 feet Height c applesc Vegetation Sh ru b Sh ru b Type Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Sassafras albidumSassafras velutinaQuercus Tilia americana Quercus muehlenbergiiQuercus Quercus rubraQuercus Quercus macrocarpaQuercus Thuja occidentalis Quercus albaQuercus Prunus serotina Prunus nigra Populus tremuloides Populus grandidentata Populus deltoides Populus balsamifera cetfcNm Common Name Scientific Name Sassafras Black Willow Black Oak Basswood Chinquapin Oak Red Oak Bur Oak Eastern Cedar White White OakWhite Black Cherry Black Plum Trembling Aspen Largetooth Aspen Eastern Cottonwood Balsam Poplar al aueX Early - Mature al aueLwLow Low Early - Mature al aueXHigh X Early - Mature al aueXMdrt Low Moderate X Early - Mature al aueXHigh X Early - Mature Successional aueX Mature Status Status al Moderate X X Early al X Early al Moderate X Early al X Early al ihHigh High X Early al High X Early al X X Early al High X Early X Upland Moisture Zone

Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian

Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water

Salt

Wind Environmental Tolerances Sun - Shade Sun -Shade Part Shade Part Shade Full Sun - Full Sun - Sun, Part Full Sun ulSnSand Full Sun Full Sun Full Sun Full Sun Full Sun Full Sun hd San Shade Sh a d e Partial Sun Shade

Moisture Clay, Acidic Clay, Sand, Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Moist/Fertil Marshy Slightly Sandy Sandy Sandy Loam, Loam, Sandy Loam, Fertile Acidic Moist, Sand, Sand, Sand, Sand, Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam

e Soil N/P X P X P X P X N/P X N/P X X Attracts General Wildlife Wind PollinatedWind P and Wind P and Wind P and Wind P and Wind Pollinated Pollinated Pollinated Pollinated

*N/P* Pollinator resources N/P P P (Nectar/Pollen), Bolded means they are very good soarce, *N/P* means exceptionaly good soarce Acadian Hairstreak , Canadian Tiger Duskywing spotted Purple, Viceroy, Dreamy Mourning Cloak, Admiral, White Red- Swallowtail, Compton Tortoiseshell, pcbs wloti 8Arl-My40 - 60 feet April - May 38 Spicebush Swallowtail Hairstreak, Red-spotted Purple, Banded Hairstreak, Striped Hairstreak, Edwards' Hairstreak, Duskywing,Juvenal's Coral spotted Purple, Hairstreak, Hickory Hairstreak, Red- Banded Hairstreak, Striped Hairstreak, Edwards' Hairstreak, Duskywing,Juvenal's Coral Hairstreak, Red-spotted Purple, Banded Hairstreak, Striped Hairstreak, Edwards' Hairstreak, Duskywing,Juvenal's Coral Hairstreak, Red-spotted Purple, Banded Hairstreak, Striped Hairstreak, Edwards' Hairstreak, Duskywing,Juvenal's Coral Hairstreak, Red-spotted Purple, Banded Hairstreak, Striped Hairstreak, Edwards' Hairstreak, Duskywing,Juvenal's Coral Swallowtail Swallowtail, Canadian Tiger Cherry Gall Azure, Eastern Tiger Striped Hairstreak, Spring Azure. Swallowtail Swallowtail, Canadian Tiger Cherry Gall Azure, Eastern Tiger Striped Hairstreak, Spring Azure. Swallowtail Purple, Viceroy, Canadian Tiger Cloak, Admiral, White Red-spotted Compton Tortoiseshell, Mourning Swallowtail Purple, Viceroy, Canadian Tiger Cloak, Admiral, White Red-spotted Compton Tortoiseshell, Mourning Swallowtail Purple, Viceroy, Canadian Tiger Cloak, Admiral, White Red-spotted Compton Tortoiseshell, Mourning Swallowtail Purple, Viceroy, Canadian Tiger Cloak, Admiral, White Red-spotted Compton Tortoiseshell, Mourning Wildlife Benifits

Larval Host Plant for the following butterflies

Number of Lepidoptera 5 pi a 40 - 90 feet April - May 455 3 pi a 60 - 80 feet April - May 532 60 - 80 feet April - May 532 3 pi a 60 - 80 feet April - May 532 3 pi a 50 - 70 feet April - May 532 3 pi a 80 - 100 feet April - May 532 5 pi a 60 - 90 feet April - May 456 5 pi 30 - 30 feet April 456 6 pi 50 - 70 feet April 367 6 pi 60 - 80 feet April 367 6 pi 80 - 100 feet April 367 6 pi 80 - 100 feet April 367 4 ue5 0fe Tree 50 - 90 feet June 149 0Arl-My3 0fe Tree 30 - 50 feet April - May 50 species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list

Bloom time Revised 2011 June

Height Vegetation Type Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Smilax herbacea Vitis riparia Parthenocissus inserta Clematis virginiana Vitis aestivalis Smilax hispida Celastrus scandens canadense Echinocystis lobata Ulmus rubra Ulmus thomasii Lonicera dioica Ulmus americana Tsuga canadensis cetfcNm Common Name Scientific Name Carrion-flower Riverbank Thicket Creeper Virgin’s Bower Summer GrapeSummer Bristly Greenbrier Climbing Bittersweet Canada Moonseed Wild CucumberWild Red Elm o kRoc Elm oescl al X X Early Honeysuckle hite ElmW Eastern Hemlock Early - Mature Early - Mature Early - Mature al aueXModerate X Early - Mature Mature - Old Successional Growth aueXHg High High X Mature Status Status al X Early al X Early al X Early al X Early al X Early al X Early X X X X X o Low Low X Upland Moisture Zone

X Floodline Fringe/Wet Riparian

Shoreline Fringe/Shallow Water

Salt

Wind Environmental Tolerances Part Shade - Sun - Shade Sun - Shade Sun - Shade Sun -Shade atSaeVariable Part Shade Part Shade Full Shade ulSaeVariable Full Shade Sun - Part Sun - Part Sun - Part Sun - Part Sun - Part Full Sun - Full Sun - Full Sun - hd Clay, Loam Shade Sh a d e Sh a d e Sh a d e hd Loam Shade Sh a d e Shade

Moisture Loam, Clay om lyP Loam, Clay Loam, Clay Sandy, Acidic, Sandy Sandy Sandy Bluffs, Rock Soils Soil N X N X N X N/P X N/P X N X Attracts General Wildlife Wind PollinatedWind Pollinator resources N N N N P P (Nectar/Pollen), Bolded means they are very good soarce, *N/P* means exceptionaly good soarce Wildlife Benifits

Larval Host Plant for the following butterflies

Number of Lepidoptera 1 ac pi 0-10fe Tree 60 - 100 feet - March April 215 1 ac pi 0-8 etTree 60 - 80 feet - March April 215 1 ac pi 0-6 etTree 40 - 60 feet - March April 215 9My-Jn pt 0fe Vine up to 40 feet May - June 79 2Jl u pt 0fe Vine up to 50 feet July - Aug 32 9My-Jn up to 65 feet May - June 79 9My-Jn pt 0fe Vine up to 40 feet May - June 19 9My-Jn up to 10 feet May - June 19 7My-Jl pt 0fe Vine up to 10 feet May - July 37 4My-Jn 0-7 et Tree 40 - 70 feet May - June 94 ue-Jl pt 0fe Vine up to 10 feet June - July 1 a ueu o2 etVine up to 20 feet May - June 7 uy-Spu o2 etVine up to 20 feet July - Sep 6 ue-Otu o1 etVine up to 15 feet June - Oct 1 species in mid-Atlantic North America that use genus as per Doug Tallamy's list

Bloom time Revised 2011 June

Height Vegetation Type