In Last Season's Louisiana Cultural Vistas, We Anticipated the Upcoming Tricentennial of New Orleans in 2018 by Looking Back A
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For more information on Jazz Fest, visit n last season’s Louisiana Cultural banquet was held on May 7 in the Vistas, we anticipated the upcoming Roosevelt Hotel, owned by none other tricentennial of New Orleans in 2018 than Seymour Weiss. There, hundreds of by looking back at earlier luminaries were joined by dignitaries from Ianniversaries. Mostly what we found was France, among them Ambassador Charles a mix of indifference, bad timing, high Lucet. expectations, hidden agendas and dashed What made the bisesquicentennial hopes. successful was not a dazzling mega-event Stars seemed to align for New Orleans’ or an iconic building, but good old New 250th anniversary in 1968. Although the Orleans improvisation. Indeed, a fair nation was once again at war and social number of The Rogers Company unrest at home dominated the headlines, recommendations actually came to conditions locally lent themselves to a fruition, although it’s difficult to full-blown commemoration. The oil determine whether it happened courtesy boom had injected economic rigor into of top-down planning acumen or the city, a new shipping channel inadvertently via bottom-up localism. fomented a bold new “Centroport” What resulted was a fairly busy year- in the east; skyscrapers were rising long smattering of activities that downtown; NASA had brought were a little about business, the space industry to town; big nothing about science, a lot new corporate hotels had about culture and all about fun. catalyzed tourism; and although Schools, for example, a population exodus was already incorporated the anniversary into underway, inner-city crime and their curricula. Mardi Gras krewes decay had not yet set in. themed floats to it. The New In 1965 the city’s Executive Orleans Philharmonic Symphony Committee for the 250th Anniversary Orchestra presented a special of the Founding of New Orleans, headed performance featuring a newly by hotelier Seymour Weiss, hired The commissioned piece. Xavier University Rogers Company to survey stakeholders and staged an anniversary opera, and the Delgado develop a proposal for the bisesquicentennial. Museum of Art mounted an Arts of the Americas A commemorative coin was cast to honor Guided by a philosophy that “a celebration is the 250th anniversary of New Orleans. exhibit. The Louisiana Historical Society something to be—not just something to see,” organized public lectures and a tour of the Rogers entertained 35 different ideas—ranging “Bienville Trail” to Biloxi and Mobile. The from an anniversary halftime show at the Sugar Bowl to special state government of France sent treasures and rare colonial license plates—plus nine possible industrial expositions and a host documents for a special exhibit at the Presbytère. Researchers of special events and educational activities. Subcommittees agreed and historical associations published new scholarly treatises and that the anniversary would be focused around a monthlong popular city guides, some of which are still in print today. Writer springtime climax, of which no more than one-third should shine Marcus Christian published a commemorative poem entitled “I light on the “the city’s historic and cultural past,” with most attention Am New Orleans,” which, despite being one of the few pieces to going to “the city’s dynamic and promising future.” Business would allude to the darker chapters of local history (“I knew Envy and be celebrated through an international trade fair involving the Port Hatred, Shame and Despair”), circulated widely in reprints. of New Orleans’ world shipping partners, and science would be Commemorative coins and medals were struck, artists created hailed at a major museum of science and industry, complete with a dinner plates, department stores held special sales and banks planetarium and oceanarium. Afterwards would come Space Week, and corporations released everything from calendars to books. Port of New Orleans Week, Downtown Retailers Week, Food Week Local entities essentially made the celebration their own. If The and French Week. Rogers Company endeavored to make the anniversary As happened for the bicentennial in 1918, early visions for the “something to be—not just something to see,” they succeeded, bisesquicentennial suffered from excessive grandiosity. To be sure, perhaps accidentally. the Committee succeeded in educating the citizenry about the Local government and its affiliates carried their weight as well. significance of the date and in sprucing up the cityscape. But The Committee and the Louisiana Tourism Development nothing even resembling a science and industry museum got built. Commission, for example, sent the Olympia Brass Band to Nor was there any great international trade fair, although the perform around the world. The International House sent New International Trade Mart and the brand-new Rivergate Exhibition Orleans-themed exhibits to the German-American Volksfest in Hall got an elaborate dedication ceremony on April 30, themed to Berlin, while the International Trade Mart opened a Louisiana the anniversary and coordinated with dual conferences by the exhibit at Expo 67 in Montreal. Mayor Victor Schiro himself Organization of American States and the Alliance for Progress. With traveled to the Hispano-Luso-Americano-Filipino Congress and so many international guests in town, a black-tie anniversary brought home a half-million-dollar anniversary gift from Spain 30 LOUISIANA ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES • Winter 2013-14 for the construction of Plaza de España. The Orleans Parish aquarium. And Jazzfest ’68?—well, need I say more? For all their Landmarks Commission, meanwhile, dedicated a plaque at propensity to flounder, grand ideas posited for anniversaries have Bienville’s last home in Paris. an uncanny way of eventually coming into reality. Whereas the May 7th banquet at the Roosevelt Hotel climaxed The desire to peg the foundation to a single auspicious date— the diplomatic recognition of the bisesquicentennial, popular despite that documents really do not point to one—has spawned celebration peaked a week later in the form of a major jazz an amusingly wide range of fiat dates. By one account, the 1968 festival. The city had attempted to launch such an event in the Committee decided that April 16 was the “true” city anniversary—a early 1960s, but those efforts were thwarted by waning fights to date that just happened to be the birthday of French Ambassador maintain segregation. With Jim Crow now a thing of the past, the Charles Lucet, who was the guest of honor at the lavish May 7 250th anniversary seemed like a perfect opportunity to relaunch banquet. Forty-five years later, when Mayor Mitch Landrieu what had been officially organized as the New Orleans delivered his State of the City address, also on May 7, his aides International Jazz Festival, Inc. Kicked off with a nighttime musical cheerfully tweeted that “New Orleans was founded 295 years ago parade through the French Quarter, “Jazzfest ’68” entailed four today. Happy Birthday NOLA!” I replied to inquire about the source conce rts over four days at Congo Square and the Municipal of that information—and was pointed to Wikipedia, which Auditorium, featuring the likes of Duke Ellington and Louis confidently declared that “La Nouvelle-Orléans … was founded Armstrong. This original Jazzfest and a follow-up in 1969 may be May 7, 1718. … ” Its source was not stated, but I strongly suspect viewed as predecessors to the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage that the contributor got that date from a commemora tive program Festival launched by George Wein in distributed at the May 7, 1968, the same location in 1970. Wein’s banquet! I took this exchange as a version moved to the Fair Grounds in reminder that the remembrance of 1972, where it grew to draw hundreds history says as much about the of thousands of people annually. Its present as about the past. origins, however, may be traced to Finally, in contemplating 2018, the 1968 anniversary — surely that there are weighty questions of event’s greatest lasting contribution. content and interpretation. What, Looking over the history of exactly, are we “celebrating”? Not foundation anniversaries, certain only our history but our themes emerge that might inform the historiography has transformed tricentennial. fundamentally in the past half- • For one, expect the unexpected. century. (How much so? Consider Wars and major transitions of that a consultant recommended government have occurred that the New Orleans-themed 1968 during or near all four of New Sugar Bowl halftime show feature Orleans’ prior 50-year “crossed American and Confederate anniversaries, and it’s worth flags,” an “antebellum girl,” and not ing that the next one will former Nazi rocket scientist straddle two mayoral Wernher Von Braun as the guest of administrations. honor.) Within the discipline of • Allot plenty of planning time: history today, and increasingly tardy launches increase the throughout American society, odds that grand visions— triumphalism and exceptionalism Jazzfest ‘68 served as an inspiration which seem to run rampant at for the future New Orleans Jazz and have given way to critical theory and cultural relat ivity; elitism and these times—fall flat. Heritage Festival. hagiography have fallen for inclusivity and diversity. In regard to • Decentralize the effort. New Orleans, “The French,” who figured front-and-center in 1918 Encourage citizens and civic and 1968, must share the 2018 stage with, among others, the organizations to mark the occasion on their own. All Africans, the Creoles, the Irish, the Sicilians, the Slavs, the Germans, communities within local society—neighborhoods, schools, the Spanish, the Vietnamese, the Americans—and the Native businesses, nonprofits, universities, religious groups, social Americans. Slavery, segregation, poverty, disease, disaster and clubs—should make the occasion their own and celebrate it env ironmental destruction, which went all but ignored in prior in a way that means something to them. That’s what anniversaries, demand a place in the next one. happened in 1968, and it proved fortuitous.