Traduction De Joseph Loth

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Traduction De Joseph Loth Notes du mont Royal www.notesdumontroyal.com 쐰 Cette œuvre est hébergée sur « No- tes du mont Royal » dans le cadre d’un exposé gratuit sur la littérature. SOURCE DES IMAGES Canadiana COURS DE LITTÉRATURE CELTIQUE ..--------- 1V OUVRAGES DE M. H. D’ARBOIS DE JUBAINVILLE EN VENTE Chez THORIN, libraire-éditeur, 7, rue de Médicis, Paris HISTOIRE DES DUCS ET DES COMTES DE CHAMPAGNE, six tomes en sept volumes in-8° (1859-1867). couns DE LITTÉRATURE manquait. I à III, in-8° (1883-1889). Prix de chaque volume : 8 fr. Les tomes IV et V sont sous presse. ESSAI DIUN CATALOGUE DE LA LITTÉRATURE ÉPIQUE DE L’IRLANDE , précédé d’une étude sur les manuscrits en langue irlandaise conservés dans les fies-Britanniques et sur le continent, ina8°, INVENTAIRE SOMMAIRE DES ARCHIVES DE LA VILLE DE BAR’SUR- RÉSUMÉSEINE.1884. D’UN COURS DE1864, DROIT IRLANDAIS, in-4°.12 professé au lcollège »5 de» France pendant le premier semestre de l’année 1887-1888, LES PREMIERS HABITANTS DE L’EUROPE, d’après les auteurs de l’an- tiquitébrochure et les recherches des linguistes. in-8°. SECONDE ÉDITIONI. 50 , cor- rigée et considérablement augmentée par l’auteur, avec la col v laboration de G. Bottin, secrétaire de la rédaction de la Revue celtique, 2 beaux vol. grand in-8° raisin. En vente : TOME I", contenant : 1° Peuples étrangers à la race l’aria-européenne (habitants des cavernes, Ibères, Pélasges, Etrus- ques, Phéniciens); - 2° Inde-EurOpe’ens , Ir0 partie (Scythes, Thraces, Illyriens, Ligures). --- Prix de ce volume : 10 » CATALOGUE D’ACTES DES COMTES DE BRIENNE, in-8°, 1872. 3 50 TOULÔUSE. - me. A. CHAUVIN ET 1ms. RUE DES SALENQUES, 28. T COURSDE LITTÉRATURE CELTIQUE PAR H. D’ARBOIS DE JUBAINVILLE MEMBRE DE L’INSTITUT, PROFESSEUR AU COLLÈGE DE FRANCE z ET PARx J. LOTH PROFESSEUR A LA FACULTÉ DES LETTRES DE RENNES PARIS ERNEST THORIN, EDITEURI a LIBRAIRE DU COLLÈGE DE FRANCE, DE L’ÉCOLE NORMALE SUPÉRIEURE DES ÉCOLES FRANÇAISES D’ATHÉNES ET DE ROME DE LA SOCIÉTÉ DES ÉTUDES HISTORIQUES 7, RUE DE MÉDICIS, 7 1889. , on , Tî... MABINOGION SUIVIS EN APPENDICE D’UNE TRADUCTION ET D’UN COMMENTAIRE DES TBIÀDES HISTORIQUES ET LÉGENDÀIIIES USES-’GALLOI’S ET DE DIVERS AUTRES DOCTRINE PAR J. LOTH PROFESSEUR A LA FACULTÉ DES LETTRES DE RENNES I’ V . LAURÉAT DE L’INSTITUT MEMBRE CORRESPONDANT DE LA SOCIÉTÉ DES Cymmrodorion TOME SECOND PARIS ERNEST THORIN, ÉDITEUR LIBRAIRE DU COLLÈGE DE FRANCE, DE L’ÉCOLE NORMALE SUPÉRIEURE, DEs ÉCOLES FRANÇAISES D’ATRÉNES ET DE ROME, DE LA SOCIÉTÉ DES ÉTUDES HISTORIQUES. 7, RUE DE MÉDICIS, 7 1889 effana; "m ,7 I (KÜŒ 45K? .1fiX x à a.) .. a. :.r LES .,.”,..lr ,02: - q. * l- " M A ’B l’av n MW.J -æI N 7’011.” OWEIN m et LUNETM ou la Dame de la Fontaine ii L’empereur Arthur se trouvait a Kaer Llion sur Wysc. Un jour il était assis dans sa chambre en (l) Owein ab Uryen est un des trois gwyndeyrn (rois bénis) de l’île (Triades Mab., p. 300, 7). Son barde, Degynelw, est un des trois . gwaewrudd ou hommes à la lance rouge (Ibid., p. 306, 8; d’au- tres triades appellent ce barde Tristvardd; Skene, II, p. 458). Son cheval, Carnavlawc, est un des trois anreithvarch ou chevaux de butin (Livre Noir, Skene, Il , p. 10, 2). Sa tombe est à. Llan Morvael (Ibid., p. 29, 25; cf. ibid. , p. 26, 6; 49, 29, 23). Suivant .Taliesin, Owein aurait tué Ida Flamddwyn ou Ida Porte-brandon, qui paraît être .1e roi de Northumbrie, dont la chronique anglo- saxone fixe la mort à l’année 560 (Petrie, Mon. hist. brit., Talle- sin, Skene, II,’ p. 199, XLIV). Son père, Uryen, est encore plus célèbre. C’est le héros favori de Taliesin (Skene, Il, Taliesin, XXXIV, XXXV, XXXVI, XXXVII, XXXIX). Il était roi de Reged, district que l’on place le plus souvent dans le Nord; mais on appelait aussi ainsi la région comprenant Gwyr, Cedweli, n. 1 2 LES MABINOGION. compagnie d’Owen, fils d’Uryen, de Kynoni(1), fils de Klydno et de Kei, fils de Kynyr. Gwenhwy- Carnwyllion, Cantrev Bychan et Is Cennen (Iolo mss., p. 120). D’après un’ passage de la généalogie de Nennius, Urbgen . (: Uryen) avec ses alliés Riderch, Guallauc et Morcant, aurait lutté contre Deodric, fils d’Ida, qui régna vers 597. Il aurait réussi a enfermer Deodric et ses fils dans l’île de Metcawt (Lin- disfarne ?), mais il aurait péri par suite de la défection de Mor- cant qui était jaloux”: de lu’i (Patrie, Mon. hist. brit., p. 75). Sui- vant les Triades, son meurtrier serait Llovan Llawdivro (Triades Mab., p. 303, 28). Il aurait été tué, d’après Llywarch Hen, à. Aberlleu (v. Livre Rouge, Skene, II, p. 267, XII, Elégie sur Uryen). D’après les généalogies des saints, Uryen serait venu au sud du pays de Galles, et aurait contribué, avec les enfants de Ceredic ab Cunedda, à expulser les Gaëls, et serait naturellement devenu un saint (Iolo mss., p. 127). Uryen était fils de Kynvarch, dont une des grandes tribus des Bretons du nord portait le nom (Skene, Il, p. 455). Le nom d’Urbgen, Uryen, se retrouve chez les Bretons armoricains (Cart. de Redon). Llywarch Hen célèbre sou- vent Uryen et Owein (Skene, Il, p. 219, 220, 262, 267, 269, 270p, 271,(2 de la page272, précédente). 291, Lunet. 292, Les poètes 295). font souvent .. men- r tion d’elle (Grufi’udd ab Maredudd, poète du quatorzième siècle, dans la Myv. arch., p. 305, col. 1; cf. Davydd ab Gwilym, p. 45, et surtout p. 287). Lunet paraît dérivé de ’llun, image, effigie (cf. les noms Lunen, Lun-mOnoo dans le Cari. de Radon), si le nom est(1) Kynond’origine est un des trois bretonne. chevaliers au sage . conseil de la cour d’Arthur ; les deux autres sont Aravvn, fils de Cynvarch et Llywarch Hen, fils d’Elidyr Lydanwen (Myv. arch. , p. 411, 116). C’est aussi un des trois amoureux de Bretagne : il aime Morvudd, fille d’Uryen de Reged (Ibid. , 410, 102; cf. p. 305 , col. 2). Sa r tombe’est à Llanbadarn (Livre Noir, Skene, Il, p. 29, 12, 15,.18). .Il est célébré aussi dans le Gododin. D’après Aneurin , ce serait un des trois qui auraient échappé a la bataille de Cattraeth (Skene, Il, p. 68, 73, 80, 83). Sur Kynon, v. Llywarch Hen (Skene, II, p. 278, 283, 291). OWEN ET LUNET OU LA DAME DE LA FONTAINE. 3 var et ses suivantes cousaient prés de la fenêtre. On disait qu’il y avait un portier a la cour d’Ar- thur, mais, en réalité, il n’y en avait point (1) : c’était Glewlwyt Gavaelvawr qui en remplissait les fonctions; il recevait les hôtes et les gens venant de loin; il leur rendait les premiers honneurs, leur faisait connaître les maniérés et les usages de la cour ; il indiquait à. ceux qui avaient droit d’y en- trer la salle et la chambre; a ceux qui avaient droit au logement, leur hôtel. Au milieu de la chambre était assis l’empereur Arthur sur un siège de joncs verts (2), un tapis de .pavz’le jaune-rouge sous son coude. «Hommes n, dit Arthur, « si vous ne g vousmoquiez pas de moi, je dormirais volontiers en attendant mon repas. Pour vous, vous pouvez causer, prendre des pots d’hydromel et des tran- ches de viande de la main de Kei. » Et l’empereur s’endormit. Q (1) Lady Guest fait remarquer qu’à en juger par un passage de Rhys Brychan, poète de la fin du quinzième siècle , l’absence de portier était une marque d’hospitalité. Un poète de la même époquevM-p l .5 r constate que Owein ab Gruffudd ab Nicholas a dans sa maison tous les officiers moins le portier (Llew Glyn Cothi, p. 139, V. 30). (2) Les cochers des héros irlandais Ferdiaidh et Cuehulain leur il préparent, pour se reposer, après une lutte épique, un lit de joncs verts (O’Curry, On the manners, II, p. 304). Dans les Romans fran- çais de la Table Ronde, il est souvent question de la jonchée : ce sont des joncs, ou des fleurs ou des herbes odoriférantes recou- vrant le sol. Les salles n’étaient pas pavées (Paulin Paris, Les Ro- mans de la Table Ronde, III, p. 320). La même habitude a existé, d’après lady Guest, en Angleterre et enGalles, au moyen âge. Elle en cite un exemple tiré d’un récit du quatorzième siècle. 4 LES MABINOGION. Kynon, fils de Klydno, demanda à. Kei ce que l’em- pereur leur avait promis. « Je veux d’abord, » dit Kei, « le récit qui m’a été promis. n -- « Homme, » dit Kynon, « ce que tu as de mieux a faire, c’est de réaliser la promesse d’Arthur, ensuite nous te di- rons le meilleur récit que nous pouvons savoir. » Kei s’en alla a la cuisine et au cellier; il en revint fi avec des cruchons d’hydromel, un gobelet d’or, et plein le poing de broches portant des tranches de viande. Ils prirent les tranches et se mirent à, boire l’hydromel. « Maintenant », dit Kei, « c’est a - vous de me payer-(1) mon récit. » --- « Kynon, » dit Owein, « paie son récit à Kei. n -- « En Vérité », dit ’ Kynon, « tu es plus vieux que moi, meilleur con- teur ,* et tu as vu plus de choses extraordinaires : paye son récit à. Kei. » -- « Commence, toi, par ce que tu sais de plus remarquable. » -- « Je com- menceJ’étais fils unique », de pèredit et deKynon, mère; j’étais l fougueux, d’une grande présomption ; je ne croyais pas qu’il y eût au monde personne capable de j me surpasser en n’importe quelle prouesse.
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