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Adolescent Screening: the Adolescent Medical History in the Age of Big Adolescent Health Screening: An Update in the Age of Big Data This page intentionally left blank www.ketabpezeshki.com 66485438-66485457 Adolescent Health Screening: An Update in the Age of Big Data Edited by VINCENT MORELLI, MD Professor Meharry Medical College Professor Adjunct Vanderbilt University Department of Family and Community Medicine Meharry Medical College Nashville, TN, United States ] www.ketabpezeshki.com 66485438-66485457 ADOLESCENT HEALTH SCREENING: AN UPDATE ISBN: 978-0-323-66130-0 IN THE AGE OF BIG DATA Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors or con- tributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Publisher: Taylor Ball Acquisition Editor: Jessica L. McCool Editorial Project Manager: Pat Gonzalez Production Project Manager: Kiruthika Govindaraju Cover Designer: Alan Studholme 3251 Riverport Lane St. Louis, Missouri 63043 www.ketabpezeshki.com 66485438-66485457 List of Contributors Roger Apple, PhD Leslie Greenberg, MD, FAAFP Psychologist Family Physician Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Family and Community Medicine Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker School of University of Nevada School of Medicine Medicine Reno, NV, United States Kalamazoo, MI, United States Associate Professor Family and Community Medicine Debra Kristen Braun-Courville, MD University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine Assistant Professor Reno, NV, United States Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Zachary M. Hood, MD Nashville, TN, United States Department of Sports and Family Medicine Meharry Medical College Nicholas Conley, MD Nashville, TN, United States Resident Physician Family and Community Medicine Resident Heidi Joshi, PsyD, MS, BMUS Meharry Medical College Assistant Professor, Behavioral Medicine Clinician/ Nashville, TN, United States Educator Medical Education Neerav Desai, MD Western Michigan University Homer Stryker, M.D. Assistant Professor School of Medicine Pediatrics Kalamazoo, MI, United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, United States Paul D. Juarez, PhD Professor, Department of Family & Community Gina Frieden, PhD Medicine Assistant Professor of the Practice Meharry Medical College Department of Human and Organizational Nashville, TN, United States Development Vanderbilt University Medhat Kalliny, MD, PhD, FAAFP Nashville, TN, United States Vice-Chair for Clinical Affairs & Family Medicine Residency Program Director Sandra J. Gonzalez, MSSW, PhD Family & Community Medicine Assistant Professor Meharry Medical College Family and Community Medicine Nashville, TN, United States Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, United States v www.ketabpezeshki.com 66485438-66485457 vi LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Alicia Kowalchuk, DO Chenai Nettey, MD Assistant Professor Family Medicine Department of Family and Community Medicine Meharry Medical College Baylor College of Medicine Nashville, TN, United States Houston, TX, United States ’ Medical Director Heather O Hara, MD, MSPH InSight Program Associate Professor Harris Health System Family and Community Medicine Houston, TX, United States Meharry Medical College Nashville, TN, United States Medical Director CARE Clinic Gregory Plemmons, MD, MFA Santa Maria Hostel Associate Professor Houston, TX, United States Pediatric Hospital Medicine Medical Director Vanderbilt University Medical Center Sobering Center Nashville, TN, United States Houston Recovery Center Houston, TX, United States Daljeet Rai, MD Adjunct Associate Clinical Professor David Kurtmen, MD Division of Family and Community Medicine Resident Physician Stanford University School of Medicine Family and Community Medicine San Jose, CA, United States University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine Reno, Nevada, United States Navdeep Rai, MD Resident in Family and Community Medicine Maria C. Mejia de Grubb, MD, MPH Stanford University School of Medicine Assistant Professor Palo Alto, CA, United States Family and Community Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, United States Mary E. Romono, MD, MPH Associate Professor e Richard Milner, MD, PhD Department of Pediatrics Division of Adolescent Associate Professor Medicine/Young Adult Health ’ Molecular and Experimental Medicine Children s Hospital at Vanderbilt Scripts Research Institute Nashville, TN, United States CA, United States Brittany D. Rudolph, MS Vincent Morelli, MD PhD Candidate Family & Community Medicine/Sports Medicine Clinical Psychology Meharry Medical College/Adjunct Vanderbilt Palo Alto University Nashville, TN, United States Palo Alto, CA, United States Tamasyn Nelson, DO Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Medical Director of Pediatric Obesity Services Division of General Pediatrics Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt Nashville, TN, United States www.ketabpezeshki.com 66485438-66485457 LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS vii Emmy Sobieski, BA, MBA, CFA, CNC, DVA Documentation Manager Senior Analyst Quality Improvement Nicholas Investment Partners Seneca Family of Agencies Rancho Santa Fe, CA, United States San Leandro, CA, United States Certified Nutritional Consultant EMJS LLC Ali Stuhl, MTS, BA Carlsbad, CA, United States Master of Theological Studies Divinity School Domestic Violence Victims Advocate Vanderbilt University Women’s Shelter Nashville, TN, United States Community Resource Center Encinitas, CA, United States Brenda G. Vaccaro, PsyD Founder & Executive Director James Sobieski, NREMT, NAEMT-I (Nutrition, Child, Adolescent, & Family Services Mathematics, Biology Chemistry) Spark Center for Self Development Director of Training and Emergency Sacramento, CA, United States Transport- Physicians Ambulance. Emergency Medical Services Roger Zoorob, MD, MPH Case Western Reserve University Professor and Chair Cleveland, OH, United States Department of Family Medicine Baylor School of Medicine Sarah Spinner, PsyD Houston, Texas, United States Clinical Psychologist Private Practice Sarah Spinner, Psy.D. Mill Valley, CA, United States www.ketabpezeshki.com 66485438-66485457 This page intentionally left blank www.ketabpezeshki.com 66485438-66485457 CHAPTER 1 Adolescent Health Screening: Toward A More Holistic Approach VINCENT MORELLI, MD • CHENAI NETTEY, MD INTRODUCTION value and should be judged in terms of measurable Adolescence is a critical time of transition and identity outcome (i.e., does screening for cancer accurately formation1 that lays the foundation for healthy adult- detect cancer and will this detection actually improve hood. This period of physical, cognitive, social, and survival rates). “Prevention screening” is held to similar emotional change can be stressful for both adolescents standards, with the intent to intervene to prevent some and those around them. It can be a trying time of future harmful health outcome (i.e., screening for learning to navigate new emotions, changes in school alcohol use to prevent liver disease). or home life, increased responsibility, and a new sense As set out by the World Health Organization 5 of autonomy. It can also mark the beginning of a (WHO) screening is optimal when youth’s search for meaning and spiritual evolution • patients are given clear information regarding the (see the chapter on spirituality). Importantly, the risks and benefits of screening; values, behaviors, and habits developed in adolescence • the health issues screened for are significantd can significantly impact adult health, life satisfaction, meaning issues with high incidence or high and overall long-term quality of life.2 morbidity; Also important, when discussing adolescence, is that • the tools themselves are well validated; and adolescence can generally be divided into three devel- • the illuminated health issues benefit more from opment phases: early adolescence (ages 10e13 years early intervention than delayed treatment. old), middle adolescence (ages 14e17), and late Naturally, the benefits of screening should outweigh adolescence (ages 17e21).3 As we will see later, any any potential for harm brought on by screening, and the biopsychosocial assessment of the adolescent should costs should be considered acceptable. Finally, consider these developmental stages, probing appro- screening is only useful when it can be disseminated priate areas of health and development and eliciting outside of the
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