DOCSLIB.ORG

Acaridae) to Odour Associated with Its Predator Neoseiulus Cucumeris (Phytoseiidae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Acaridae) to Odour Associated with Its Predator Neoseiulus Cucumeris (Phytoseiidae Systematic & Applied Acarology 23(2): 401–403 (2018) ISSN 1362-1971 (print) http://doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.2.16 ISSN 2056-6069 (online) Correspondence Responses of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acaridae) to odour associated with its predator Neoseiulus cucumeris (Phytoseiidae) XIAOYING WEI1 & ZHI-QIANG ZHANG1, 2 1 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand 2 Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, 231 Morrin Road, Auckland, New Zealand; corresponding author email: [email protected] In predator-prey interactions, the non-consumptive effects of predators have been studied much less than consumptive effects. Many such studies have focused on changes in the behaviour and ecology of the prey induced by the perception of predation risk. For example, the perception of predation risk can lead to a decrease in prey foraging rates (e.g. Lima, 1998; Brown and Kotler, 2004). Recent research on non-consumptive effects in mites showed that cues from predatory mites (Phytoseiidae) could influence the behaviour of prey mites, e.g. changes in oviposition sites or avoidance of risky sites with predator cues (Lemos et al. 2010; Dias et al. 2016). However, most research has focused on the impacts of predation risk on the behaviour of only phytophagous mites such as spider mites (Tetranychidae) (e.g. Grostal and Dicke 1998; Bowler et al. 2012) and gall mites (Eriophyidae) (Michalska 2016). Little is known about the non-consumptive effects of predatory mites on other kinds of mites such as the stored product mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acaridae). Here, we test the behavioural response of T. putrescentiae to odour associated with one of its predators, Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudmeans) (Phytoseiidae), using a choice test. N. cucumeris was selected in this study because (1) it is a widely available species and also a common predator of T. putrescentiae in stored products (Zhang 2003), and (2) it was recently used in our laboratory for other studies on predatory-prey interactions (e.g. Li and Zhang 2016; Patel and Zhang 2017a,b). This study is the first of a series of experiments on the non-consumptive effects of the presence of N. cucumeris on the behaviour and life history parameters of T. putrescentiae. The colonies of both mite species were purchased from Bioforce Limited in South Auckland and maintained in the laboratory (25°C, 80%RH, 14:10 h light:dark): N. cucumeris was fed T. putrescentiae which was reared on yeast (Li & Zhang 2016). The experimental arenas for choice tests were plexiglass slides (3×25×75 mm), each of which had a T-shaped tunnel (2.3 cm long and 1 cm high) linking three cells; the paired two cells were 0.8 cm in diameter, while the other cell was 0.5 cm in diameter. The bottom side of the slide was sealed by gluing on a fine 350-mesh cloth, and the top side was closed by a microscopic glass slide (3×25×75 mm) clamped with two metal clips. During a choice test, each individual mite (T. putrescentiae adult) was placed with a fine hair brush in the small cell and was observed whether it would go to Control or Test cell; both T and C cells contained yeast as food for test mites. There were three treatments: (1) T cell contained dead bodies of three T. putrescentiae that were frozen (–18 degrees, 24 h) with no prior contact with predators; (2) T cell contained dead bodies of three T. putrescentiae that were sucked dry by N. cucumeris; and (3) T cell contained the odour of N. cucumeris that was created by putting one adult predator mite in the T cell for 24 hours before the tests; the predator was removed before each test. There were 130 replicates per treatment. The numbers of T. putrescentiae in T or C cells were recorded at 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h (Table 1); a small number of mites did not make a choice at the time of observation. These results were analyzed by chi-square test: © Systematic & Applied Acarology Society 401 where o stands for observed and e for expected for mites choosing T cells (Table 1). TABLE 1. Numbers of Tyrophagus putrescentiae adults choosing treatment (T) and Control (C) cells in choice tests after 1, 3, 6 and 24 h. Time Treatments numbers in T numbers in C chi-square df P value 1h Body of prey killed by freezing 44 61 2.752 1 0.097 Body of prey killed by predator 33 65 10.449 1 0.001 Odour of predator 33 67 11.56 1 0.0007 3h Body of prey killed by freezing 48 56 0.615 1 0.433 Body of prey killed by predator 39 58 3.721 1 0.054 Odour of predator 32 65 11.227 1 0.0008 6h Body of prey killed by freezing 42 56 2 1 0.157 Body of prey killed by predator 29 66 14.411 1 0.0001 Odour of predator 35 64 8.495 1 0.0036 24h Body of prey killed by freezing 47 48 0.012 1 0.918 Body of prey killed by predator 49 51 0.04 1 0.842 Odour of predator 55 52 0.084 1 0.772 Frozen dead bodies of T. putrescentiae did not have significant effects on the choice of T or C cells by T. putrescentiae. However, significantly fewer T. putrescentiae adults selected the treatment cells that contained dead bodies of T. putrescentiae killed by N. cucumeris or those with the odour left in the cell by N. cucumeris at 1 h, 3 h, and 6 h (but not 24 h). This indicates that T. putrescentiae can distinguish the cues of its predator and conspecifics killed by its predator. These results are consistent with many previous studies, which suggested that many animals can differentiate cues of their predators and other animals (e.g. Appelberg et al. 1993; Buchanan-Smith et al. 1993; Ward et al. 1996). This avoidance of their predators suggested these mites can perceive predation risk and this result is consistent with research on other mite prey species (Grostal & Dicke 1998; Utne & Bacchi 1997). Furthermore, with the passage of time, the influences of predator odour on the distribution of T. putrescentiae disappeared at 24 h, indicating the short-term nature of the effect of predator cues on prey in this study. Acknowledgement: To Kevin Chang (Statistical Consulting Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand) for help with statistical analyses. To Guangyun Li and Jianfeng Liu (School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand) for help in the laboratory. To Anne Austin (Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand) and two reviewers (Systematic & Applied Acarology) for reviewing the manuscript and useful comments. Zhi-Qiang Zhang’s acarological research is supported by New Zealand Government core funding for Crown Research Institutes from the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment's Science and Innovation Group. 402 SYSTEMATIC & APPLIED ACAROLOGY VOL. 23 References Appelberg, M., Soderback, B. & Odelstrom, T. (1993) Predator detection and perception of predation risk in the crayfish Astacus astacus L. Nordic Journal of Freshwater Research, 68, 55–62. Brown, J.S. & Kotler, B.P. (2004) Hazardous duty pay and the foraging cost of predation. Ecology Letters, 7(10), 999–1014. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00661.x Bowler, D.E., Yano, S. & Amano, H. (2012) The non-consumptive effects of a predator on spider mites depend on predator density. Journal of Zoology, 289(1), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2012.00961.x Buchanan-Smith, H.M., Anderson, D.A. & Ryan, C.W. (1993) Responses of cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) to faecal scents of predators and non-predators. Animal Welfare, 2(1), 17–32. Dias, C.R., Bernardo, A.M.G., Mencalha, J., Freitas, C.W.C., Sarmento, R.A., Pallini, A. & Janssen, A. (2016) Antipredator behaviours of a spider mite in response to cues of dangerous and harmless predators. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 69, 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-016-0042-5 Grostal, P. & Dicke, M. (1998) Direct and indirect cues of predation risk influence behavior and reproduction of prey: a case for acarine interactions. Behavioral Ecology, 10(4), 422–427. https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/10.4.422 Lemos, F., Sarmento, R.A., Pallini, A., Dias, C.R., Sabelis, M.W. & Janssen, A. (2010) Spider mite web mediates anti-predator behavior. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 52, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-010-9344-1 Li, G.Y. & Zhang, Z.Q. (2016) Some factors affecting the development, survival and prey consumption of Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae) feeding on Tetranychus urticae eggs (Acari: Tetranychidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 21(5), 555–566. https://doi.org/10.11158/saa.21.5.1 Lima, S.L. (1998) Nonlethal effects in the ecology of predator-prey interactions. Bioscience, 48(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.2307/1313225 Michalska, K (2016) The effect of predation risk on spermatophore deposition rate of the eriophyoid mite, Aculops allotrichus. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 68(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-015-9998-9 Patel, K. & Zhang, Z-Q. (2017a) Functional and numerical responses of Amblydromalus limonicus and Neoseiulus cucumeris to eggs and first instar nymph of tomato/potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerrelli). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 22(9), 1476–1488. https://doi.org/10.11158/saa.22.9.12 Patel, K. & Zhang, Z.-Q. (2017b) Prey preference and reproduction of predatory mites, Amblybromalus limonicus and Neoseiulus cucumeris, on eggs of and 1st instar nymphs of the Tomato/Potato Psyllid.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Apoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Fauna of New Zealand 57, 295 Pp. Donovan, B. J. 2007
    Donovan, B. J. 2007: Apoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Fauna of New Zealand 57, 295 pp. EDITORIAL BOARD REPRESENTATIVES OF L ANDCARE R ESEARCH Dr D. Choquenot Landcare Research Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand Dr R. J. B. Hoare Landcare Research Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand REPRESENTATIVE OF UNIVERSITIES Dr R.M. Emberson c/- Bio-Protection and Ecology Division P.O. Box 84, Lincoln University, New Zealand REPRESENTATIVE OF M USEUMS Mr R.L. Palma Natural Environment Department Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa P.O. Box 467, Wellington, New Zealand REPRESENTATIVE OF OVERSEAS I NSTITUTIONS Dr M. J. Fletcher Director of the Collections NSW Agricultural Scientific Collections Unit Forest Road, Orange NSW 2800, Australia * * * SERIES EDITOR Dr T. K. Crosby Landcare Research Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand Fauna of New Zealand Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa Number / Nama 57 Apoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) B. J. Donovan Donovan Scientific Insect Research, Canterbury Agriculture and Science Centre, Lincoln, New Zealand [email protected] Manaaki W h e n u a P R E S S Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand 2007 4 Donovan (2007): Apoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) Copyright © Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd 2007 No part of this work covered by copyright may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means (graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping information retrieval systems, or otherwise) without the written permission of the publisher. Cataloguing in publication Donovan, B. J. (Barry James), 1941– Apoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) / B. J. Donovan – Lincoln, N.Z. : Manaaki Whenua Press, Landcare Research, 2007. (Fauna of New Zealand, ISSN 0111–5383 ; no.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparing the Life Table and Population Projection Of
    agronomy Article Comparing the Life Table and Population Projection of Gaeolaelaps aculeifer and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Acari: Laelapidae) Based on the Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Theory Jihye Park 1,†, Md Munir Mostafiz 1,† , Hwal-Su Hwang 1 , Duck-Oung Jung 2,3 and Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 1,2,3,4,* 1 Division of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; [email protected] (J.P.); munirmostafi[email protected] (M.M.M.); [email protected] (H.-S.H.) 2 Sustainable Agriculture Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Gunwi 39061, Korea; [email protected] 3 Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea 4 Quantum-Bio Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Gunwi 39061, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-53-950-5759 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Predatory soil-dwelling mites, Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini) and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley) (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae), are essential biocontrol agents of small soil arthropod pests. To understand the population characteristics of these two predatory mites, we investigated their development, survival, and fecundity under laboratory conditions. We used Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) as a food source and analyzed the data using the age-stage, two-sex life table. The duration from egg to adult for G. aculeifer was longer than that for S. scimitus, but larval duration was similar Citation: Park, J.; Mostafiz, M.M.; between the two species. Notably, G. aculeifer laid 74.88 eggs/female in 24.50 days, but S. scimitus Hwang, H.-S.; Jung, D.-O.; Lee, K.-Y. Comparing the Life Table and laid 28.46 eggs/female in 19.1 days.
    [Show full text]
  • Slow-Release Sachets of Neoseiulus Cucumeris Predatory Mites Reduce Intraguild Predation by Dalotia Coriaria in Greenhouse Biological Control Systems
    Insects 2015, 6, 489-507; doi:10.3390/insects6020489 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects/ Article Slow-Release Sachets of Neoseiulus cucumeris Predatory Mites Reduce Intraguild Predation by Dalotia coriaria in Greenhouse Biological Control Systems Emily Pochubay 1, Joseph Tourtois 2, Jeanne Himmelein 3 and Matthew Grieshop 2,* 1 Michigan State University, 6686 S. Center Hwy, Traverse City, MI 49684, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Michigan State University, 205 Center for Integrated Plant Systems, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Michigan State University, 3299 Gull Road Floor 4, Nazareth, MI 49074, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-517-331-3725. Academic Editor: Andrew G. S. Cuthbertson Received: 18 February 2015 / Accepted: 20 May 2015 / Published: 1 June 2015 Abstract: Intraguild predation of Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudemans (Phytoseiidae) by soil-dwelling predators, Dalotia coriaria Kraatz (Staphylinidae) may limit the utility of open rearing systems in greenhouse thrips management programs. We determined the rate of D. coriaria invasion of N. cucumeris breeder material presented in piles or sachets, bran piles (without mites), and sawdust piles. We also observed mite dispersal from breeder piles and sachets when D. coriaria were not present. Dalotia coriaria invaded breeder and bran piles at higher rates than sawdust piles and sachets. Furthermore, proportions of N. cucumeris in sachets were six- to eight-fold higher compared with breeder piles. When D. coriaria were absent, N. cucumeris dispersed from breeder piles and sachets for up to seven weeks.
    [Show full text]
  • Biology and Behavior of the Mite Cheletomorpha Lepidopterorum (Shaw) (Prostigmata:Cheyletidae) and Its Role As a Predator of a Grain Mite Acarus Farris (Oud
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF JAMES ROGER ALLISONfor the DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Name (Degree) in ENTOMOLOGY presented on41a21712Ajd2W;) /2.'7/ (Major) (Date) Title: BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR OF THE MITECHELETOMORPHA LEPIDOPTERORUM (SHAW) (PROSTIGMATA:CHEYLETIDAE) AND ITS ROLE AS A PREDATOR OF A GRAIN MITEACARUS FARRIS (OUD. )(ASTIGIV&TIAaR. Redacted for Privacy Abstract approved: /7J //I G.- W. Krantz Cheletomorpha lepidopterorum (Shaw), a predaceous, prostig- matid mite, was studied under laboratory conditions of20° - 30° C and 80% - 90% R. H. to determine its effectiveness as apossible biological control agent of Acarus farris (Oud. ),a graminivorous mite which infests stored grains and grain products.Although Cheletophyes knowltoni Beer and Dailey had been synonymized with C. lepidopterorum, it was found that the latter couldbe differentiated from C. knowltoni on the basis of biological, morphological,and behavioral data obtained from four species "populations"(Kansas, Oregon, California, and World-Wide). A temperature range of 20° - 25° C and relative humidities of 80% - 90% created conditions ideally suited to the rearing 'of C. lepidopterorum.Egg survival under optimal temperature and humidity regimes exceeded75%. Mated females laid more eggs than unmatedfemales at optimal environmental conditions. Development time from egg to adult ranged from alow of 192 hours for a single male at 30° C, 90% R. H. ,to 420 hours for a male at 20° C, 90% R. H.The second nymphal stage sometimes was omitted in the male ontogeny. Mated females produced male and female progeny,while unmated females produced a higher percentage ofmales. Starved C. lepidopterorum females survivedlongest at 20° C, 80% R. H. -- 31.
    [Show full text]
  • Tyrophagus Putrescentiae As Causative Agent of Wet Bubble Disease in Agaricus Bisporus
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(10): 1172-1177 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 10 (2017) pp. 1172-1177 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.141 Tyrophagus putrescentiae as Causative Agent of Wet Bubble Disease in Agaricus bisporus Itisha*, Rachna Gulati, Manoj, Anita and Surjeet Singh Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar – 125004, Haryana, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT A study was conducted to assess the role of Tyrophagus putrescentiae in dispersal K e yw or ds of Mycogone perniciosa, a causative agent of wet bubble disease in Agaricus Agaricus bisporus, bisporus. T. putrescentiae started feeding as soon as they were released in M. perniciosa culture plates. A continuous significant increase in mite number was Mycogone perniciosa , recorded at each observation period with peak (150.50 mites) after 20 days which Tyrophagus was statistically comparable with 145.50 mites at 18 days. After 15 days, 10 T. putrescentiae , Wet bubble disease. putrescentiae pairs were released from M. perniciosa infected plates to A. bisporus culture plates under aseptic conditions. After 6 days, whitish mouldy growth was Article Info started appearing on A. bisporus culture which soon spread to whole culture plate Accepted: within 18 days. Mites were feeding and multiplying at this stage. The mite number 10 September 2017 significantly increased with increase in observation period on A. bisporus culture nd Available Online: plates till 22 day. At this stage peak in the population was recorded (177.25 10 October 2017 mites).
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Controlling Temperature and Relative
    Mississippi State University Scholars Junction Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2017 The Effect of Controlling Temperature and Relative Humidity on Tyrophagus Putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) Infestations on Dry Cured Hams Treated in Food Grade Ingredient Infused Nets Jasmine Deneen Hendrix Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td Recommended Citation Hendrix, Jasmine Deneen, "The Effect of Controlling Temperature and Relative Humidity on Tyrophagus Putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) Infestations on Dry Cured Hams Treated in Food Grade Ingredient Infused Nets" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 4335. https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/4335 This Graduate Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Scholars Junction. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Junction. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Template B v3.0 (beta): Created by J. Nail 06/2015 The effect of controlling temperature and relative humidity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) infestations on dry cured hams treated in food grade ingredient infused nets By TITLE PAGE Jasmine Deneen Hendrix A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Mississippi State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Food Science in the Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion Mississippi State, Mississippi December 2017 Copyright by COPYRIGHT PAGE Jasmine Deneen Hendrix 2017 The effect of controlling temperature and relative humidity on Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) infestations on dry cured hams treated in food grade ingredient infused nets By APPROVAL PAGE Jasmine Deneen Hendrix Approved: ____________________________________ M.
    [Show full text]
  • Neoseiulus Cucumeris (Oudemans) (Arachnida: Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae)1 Garima Kakkar, Vivek Kumar, Cindy Mckenzie, and Lance Osborne2
    EENY661 Cucumeris Mite (Suggested Common Name) Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Arachnida: Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae)1 Garima Kakkar, Vivek Kumar, Cindy McKenzie, and Lance Osborne2 Introduction Synonymy Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans), first described by The first description of this predatory mite was based on Oudemans in 1930, is a generalist foliar predator known specimens found in muskmelon infested with Tetranychus worldwide for its biocontrol potential against a spectrum spider mites, collected in France (Beard 1999). In the fol- of pests (whiteflies, thrips, mites, aphids, and psyllids) of lowing years, it was described multiple times and confused horticultural importance. Its ability to survive on plant pol- with many other mite species around the world due to len in the absence of prey and commercialization make this limited character states available for species separation and mite one of the most easily adaptable and readily available lack of sophisticated tools. Due to multiple descriptions natural enemies for greenhouse, nursery, or interiorscape from various parts of the world, it was named differently production systems. Because of its broad host range and over time until 1989, when McMurtry and Bounfour ability to survive on plant pollen it has been categorized as a described it as Neoseiulus cucumeris and raised Neoseiulus type III predator (McMurtry and Croft 1997). to the genus level. It is now the most widely accepted name for this species. Synonyms of Neoseiulus cucumeris are: Typhlodromus cucumeris Oudemans Typhlodromus thripsi MacGill Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) Athias-Henriot Amblyseius (Typhlodromopsis) cucumeris (Oudemans) Typhlodromus (Amblyseius) cucumeris (Oudemans) Figure 1. Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) adult. Amblyseius (Amblyseius) cucumeris Wainstein Credits: Garima Kakkar, UF/IFAS 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural and Synthetic Repellents for Pest Management of the Storage Mite Tyrophagus Putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae)
    insects Article Natural and Synthetic Repellents for Pest Management of the Storage Mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) Naomi Manu 1, Mark Wesley Schilling 2 and Thomas Wesley Phillips 1,* 1 Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Food Science Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: The ham mite is the major pest of dry-cured hams, aged cheeses, and specialty pet foods that are high in fats and proteins. Ham mites are also known to cause allergies in some cases for humans. The toxic fumigant gas methyl bromide had been used for years to control this mite pest, but it is being phased out of use due to its impact on the protective ozone layer of the earth’s upper atmosphere. Ham producers now require alternatives to methyl bromide for controlling mites. We conducted laboratory experiments with food-safe synthetic and plant-derived chemical repellents to keep mites away from dry cured hams. Our results showed that several of these repellents could effectively prevent ham mites from contacting and staying on treated pieces of ham, and that they would readily go to untreated ham pieces when given a choice. Further experiments found that mites would not feed on nor produce offspring when held on ham pieces coated with oils from thyme, lemon grass, rose, or a mixture of naturally occurring fat molecules. Our experiments suggest that Citation: Manu, N.; Schilling, these food-safe repellents might protect dry-cured hams from mites during their time in aging rooms M.W.; Phillips, T.W.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on Biology of Cheletominus Congensis ( Cunliffe) When Feed on Different Dites at Different Tempreatures
    Provided for non-commercial research and education use. Not for reproduction, distri bution or commercial use. Vol. 10 No. 6 (2017) Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences is the official English language journal of the Egyptian Society for Biological Sciences, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Shams University. Entomology Journal publishes original research papers and reviews from any entomological discipline or from directly allied fields in ecology, behavioral biology, physiology, biochemistry, development, genetics, systematics, morphology, evolution, control of insects, arachnids, and general entomology. www.eajbs.eg.net ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Citation: Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci. (A. Entomology) Vol. 10(6)pp: 97- 105(2017) Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci., 10(6): 97–105 (2017) Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences A. Entomology ISSN 1687- 8809 www.eajbs.eg.net Notes on biology of Cheletominus congensis ( Cunliffe) when feed on different dites at different tempreatures Mahagoub, M., H.; Yassin, E.M.A., A.M. Khalil and Hosnea A. Afify Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt ___________________________________________________________________ ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History This work is conducted to study the effect the acarid mite, Tyrophagu Received: 29/8/2017 putrescentiae (Schrank) and the free living nematodes, Rhabditi Accepted: 30/9/2017 scanica Allegan as food at 25 and 35°C, an relative humidity 70% R.H _______________ on the biological aspects of the predatory cheyletid mite Cheletominu Keywords: congensis (Cunliffe). Egg, life cycle, longevity and life span of C Biology, Cheletominus congensis that fed on free living nematodes had faster developmen congensis (Cunliffe). compared to those fed on the acarid mite and the temperature 35°C dites and tempreature induced a shorter periods, where 25°C resulted the longest periods.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthropod Infestation in Samples of Stored Seeds in the Czech Republic
    Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 40, 2004 (1): 11–16 Arthropod Infestation in Samples of Stored Seeds in the Czech Republic Z����� KUČEROVÁ and P���� HORÁK Department of Stored-Product Pest Control, Division of Phytomedicine, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Abstract: Twenty-one types of seed samples (mainly vegetable and grass seed) were analysed in laboratory and 60% arthropod infestation (14 Acarina, 5 Psocoptera species) was found. The seeds of beet, grass, onion, radish and lettuce were most sensitive to infestation. Acarus siro was a dominant mite pest from all aspects (frequency, abundance and seed diversity infestation), followed by Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tarsonemus granarius and Lepi- doglyphus destructor. Cheyletus eruditus was a dominant predatory mite. Lepinotus patruelis was the most frequent psocid pest. Key words: mites; psocids; Acarina; Psocoptera; stored seed; stored product pests Many mites and psocid species are well known as rina, Psocoptera). We determined the species and stored-product pests of various agricultural com- examined population density. The whole analysed modities. Papers concerning faunistic research of samples (ca 10–100 g) were placed on Tullgren pests of stored seeds in the Czech Republic are funnel (exposure time 24 h) to extract arthropods. focused mainly on arthropod occurrence in stored Extracted specimens were counted individually grain or food commodities (Ž������� 1967, 1998; or with the use of Solomon’s method (S������ Z���� et al. 1984; W����� et al. 1999; S������� et al. 1945). Mite and psocid species were determined 2003; K������� et al. 2003). However, comprehen- under the microscope on slides. Determination was sive research on arthropod occurrence in stored done mainly according to G������ (1974), H����� seeds has not been conducted yet, except several (1976) and L������� (1990, 1998).
    [Show full text]
  • Damage Potential of Tyrophagus Putrescentiae Schrank (Acari: Acaridae) in Mushrooms
    emergent Life Sciences Research Mini-Review Article Damage potential of Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank (Acari: Acaridae) in mushrooms Itisha, Rachna Gulati, Anita, Manoj Abstract Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank (Acari: Acaridae), is one of the most serious pests of high protein food including mushrooms. It is known to feed and disperse various pathogenic fungi in stored grain and products. It causes economic losses in stored products in addition to allergic disorder in workers Received: 15 August 2017 handling stored products. Understanding T. putrescentiae multiplication on Accepted: 16 October 2017 Online: 24 October 2017 Agaricus bisporus compost, fruiting bodies, its role in transmission of disease is of paramount importance for the standardization of control measures. Authors: Documentation of the population abundance and selection of best compost for Itisha , Rachna Gulati, Anita, Manoj white button mushroom farming would open up new scope for farmers. Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Considering the above facts, efforts have been made to assemble the available Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India literature in this article. [email protected] Keywords abiotic factors, diseases, mushrooms, mites, Tyrophagus putrescentiae Emer Life Sci Res (2017) 3(2): 6-15 Introduction E-ISSN: 2395-6658 P-ISSN: 2395-664X Tyrophagus putrescentiae is a cosmopolitan pest of significant economic and health importance. The various feeding patterns are observed due to DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/ELSR.2017.32615 differences in various food preferences. Schuster [1] and Kaneko [2] had classified mites on the basis of food preferences. Luxton [3] reported that due to mite feeding, colour of produce changes from shiny to dull which slowly turns into blackish.
    [Show full text]
  • Meat and Muscle Biology™ Introduction
    Published February 8, 2018 Meat and Muscle Biology™ Use of Lard, Food Grade Propylene Glycol, and Polysaccharides in Infused Nets to Control Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank; Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) Infestation on Dry Cured Hams Xue Zhang1, Michael D. Byron1, Jerome Goddard2, Thomas W. Phillips3, and M. Wes Schilling1* 1Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA 2Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA 3Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] (M. W. Schilling) Abstract: Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) is controlled in the U.S. dry cured ham industry with methyl bromide (MB) fumigation. However, MB fumigation is being phased out of use since it is an ozone depleting substance. The objective of this research was to evaluate ham nets that were infused with lard, propylene glycol (PG) and polysaccharide coating for their ef- ficacy at controlling mite infestations on dry cured ham cubes from hams that were aged for 4 to 6 mo. Results indicated that fewer T. putrescentiae (P < 0.05) were on ham cubes with treated nets containing PG when compared to the number of mites on ham cubes with untreated nets over 10 wk of storage. Lard infused nets without PG did not decrease the mite population (P > 0.05). The net without coating slowed the growth and reproduction of T. putrescentiae since net controls had fewer mites (P < 0.05) than controls without nets. Fungi were not present on ham cubes that were treated with PG-containing nets over 10 wk of storage with a few exceptions.
    [Show full text]