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Name Index

A Baillie, Matthew, 80, 113–14, 278 Abercrombie, John, 32, 178 Baillou, Guillaume de, 83, 224, 361 Abreu, Aleixo de, 336 Baker, Brenda, 333 Adams, Joseph, 140–41 Baker, George, 187 Adams, Robert, 157 Balardini, Lodovico, 243 Addison, Thomas, 22, 350 Balfour, Francis, 152 Aesculapius, 246 Balmis, Francisco Xavier, 303 Aetius of Amida, 82, 232, 248 Bancroft, Edward, 364 Afzelius, Arvid, 203 Bancroft, Joseph, 128 Ainsworth, Geoffrey C., 128–32, 132–34 Bancroft, Thomas, 87, 128 Albert, Jose, 48 Bang, Bernhard, 60 Alexander of Tralles, 135 Bannwarth, A., 203 Alibert, Jean Louis, 147, 162, 359 Bard, Samuel, 83 Ali ibn Isa, 232 Barensprung,¨ F. von, 360 Allchin, W. H., 177 Bargen, J. A., 177 Allison, A. C., 25, 300 Barker, William H., 57–58 Allison, Marvin J., 70–71, 191–92 Barthelemy,´ Eloy, 31 Alpert, S., 178 Bartlett, Elisha, 351 Altman, Roy D., 238–40 Bartoletti, Fabrizio, 103 Alzheimer, Alois, 14, 17 Barton, Alberto, 69 Ammonios, 358 Bartram, M., 328 Amos, H. L., 162 Bassereau, Leon,´ 317 Andersen, Dorothy, 84 Bateman, Thomas, 145, 162 Anderson, John, 353 Bateson, William, 141 Andral, Gabriel, 80 Battistine, T., 69 Annesley, James, 21 Baumann, Eugen, 149 Arad-Nana, 246 Beard, George, 106 Archibald, R. G., 131 Beet, E. A., 24, 25 Aretaeus the Cappadocian, 80, 82, 88, 177, 257, 324 Behring, Emil, 95–96, 325 Aristotle, 135, 248, 272, 328 Bell, Benjamin, 152 Armelagos, George, 333 Bell, J., 31 Armstrong, B. W., 211 Bell, John, 138 Armstrong, C., 38 Benedek, Thomas G., 63–67, 83–84, 153–56, Arnold of Villanova, 272 199–201, 224–25, 277–80 Arrizabalaga, Jon, 312–17 Benivieni, Antonio, 136 Artzney, Zene, 246 Benjamin, Georges C., 298–300 Aselli, Gasparro, 64 Bennett, John Hughes, 130, 199 Ashford, Bailey K., 167 Berg, F. T., 130 Astruc, Jean, 162, 316 Bergh, R., 162 Auenbrugger, Leopold, 103–4, 156–57, 257 Bergmann, Ernst von, 210 Aufderheide, Arthur C., 185–88 Berkeley, M. J., 131 Avicenna, 99, 102, 145, 195, 210, 213, 248, 272 Bernard, Claude, 88 Bethencourt, Jacques de, 316 B Betten, H., 248 Baglivi, Giorgio, 103 Beurmann, Charles Lucien de, 131 Bailey, Charles P., 280 Bibb, J., 300

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Name Index

Bichat, Marie Franc¸ois, 69 C Bilharz, Theodor, 290–91 Cadawaler, Thomas, 187 Bissell, A. D., 178 Cailius Aurelianus, 257 Black, Francis L., 171–74, 212 Campbell, A., 360 Blackall, John, 104–5, 146 Capivaccio, Girlamo, 102 Blacklock, D., 229 Carini, A., 192 Blane, Sir Gilbert, 296–97 Carlsson, A., 241 Blaud, P., 23 Carmichael, Ann G., 60–63, 94–96, 121–22, Blessed, Gary, 17 192–95, 251–54, 287–88, 311–12 Blocq, Paul, 241 Carpentier, A., 280 Boe,¨ Franc¸ois de la, 69 Carrion,´ Daniel, 69 Boerhaave, Hermann, 69, 103, 297 Carson, Paul E., 24 Boezo, M., 247 Carswell, Robert, 80 Bollet, Alfred Jay, 21–26 Carter, H. Vandyke, 131 Bondy, Gustav, 211 Carter, K. Codell, 265–67 Bontius, Jacobus, 75, 364 Casal, Gaspar, 243 Bordet, Jules, 361 Casserio, Giulio, 147 Borovsky, Peter, 192 Castellani, Aldo, 363 Boswell, James, 152 Castle, William B., 22 Botallo, Leonardo, 315 Celsus, Aulus Cornelius, 102, 122, 129, 186, 232, Bouchardat, Apollinaire, 88 246, 272, 358 Bouchut, E., 83 Chagas, Carlos, 71 Bouillaud, Jean Baptiste, 257 Chalmers, A. J., 131 Boussingault, Jean Baptiste, 148 Chapin, C., 344 Bowman, William, 146 Charaka, 358 Boylston, Zabdiel, 302 Charcot, Jean, 32, 119, 241 Bozzolo, Camillo, 167 Chatin, Adolphe, 148 Bradford, William, 300 Chauliac, Guy de, 233 Brain, P., 25 Chaumette, Antoine, 315 Bramwell, Byron, 220 Chen, Peter S. Y., 79–81 Brandt, Allan M., 1–5 Chen, Thomas S. N., 79–81 Breschet, Gilbert, 273 Cherry, James D., 81–83 Bretonneau, Pierre, 83, 95 Chevreul, M. D. Eugene,` 88 Brickell, John, 364 Cheyne, John, 32 Bright, Richard, 32, 104, 145–46, 170, 278, Chien-i, 280 350 Chipley, William Stout, 27 Brill, Nathan, 353 Christie, A., 164 Bristowe, J. S., 178 Clossey, Samuel, 104 Brooke, Bryan, 178 Cobbold, T. Spencer, 127–28 Brothwell, Don, 250–51, 332, 362–65 Coburn, Alvin F., 278 Brown, Audrey K., 21–26 Cockburn, T. A., 332 Brown, J. Y., 177 Coindet, J.-F., 148 Brown, Peter J., 123–25 Colles, Abraham, 328 Browne, John, 80 Collier, Leslie, 312 Bruce, David, 58, 60, 351 Colombo, Realdo, 147 Bruch, Hilde, 28–29 Colp, R., 178 Bruck, Carl, 317 Combe, C., 178 Brumpt, E., 131 Come, Frere,` 358 Buchwald, Alfred, 203 Cone, Thomas E., Jr., 218–20 Budd, William, 78, 348, 351 Cooke, John, 32 Bumm, Ernst von, 152 Cooke, W. Trevor, 178 Burgdorfer, Willy, 203, 283 Cooper, Donald B., 14, 365–69 Burnet, F., 269 Correia, Gaspar, 75 Burns, Allan, 104 Correns, Carl, 140–41 Butlin, Henry, 239 Corvisart, Franc¸ois, 330 Bylon, David, 87 Corvisart, Jean-Nicholas, 104, 257, 350

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Name Index

Costoeus, Jean, 233 Dubini, Angelo, 167 Cotugno, Domenico, 145 Du Buys, L., 282 Cotzias, George, 241 Duchenne, Guillaume, 224 Couch, James, 219 Ducrey, August, 317 Councilman, William, 21 Duffin, Jacalyn, 255–58 Cournand, Andre,´ 158 Dumas, Jean-Baptiste, 148 Courtois, Bernard, 148 Duncan, Howard, 39–42 Cox, H., 269 Dundas, David, 278 Cox, Herald, 354 Dunn, Frederick L., 203–7 Cox, L. B., 132 DuPont, Herbert L., 92–94 Crede,´ Karl Siegmund, 152 During,¨ Michael, 289 Creighton, Charles, 312 DuVerney, Joseph, 210 Crohn, B. B., 178 Cronk, Christine E., 96–98 E Crosby, Alfred W., 178–81, 300–4 Eberth, Carl, 348 Cruveilhier, Jean, 32 Echthius, Johannes, 295 Cruz, Oswaldo, 369 Edwards, Harold, 178 Cullen, William, 294 Edwards, Lowell, 280 Ehrlich, Paul, 13, 22, 81, 199 D Eijkman, Christian, 48 Dalziel, T. Kennedy, 178 Einthoven, Willem, 157 Dampier, William, 129 Eliot, Martha, 282 Danielssen, Daniel, 195 Elvehjem, Conrad A., 244 Darling, Samuel, 164 El Yahudi, 213 Darwin, Charles, 71 Emmel, V. E., 142 Davaine, Casimir, 29, 31 Emmons, C. W., 129 Davies, Scott F., 163–65 Empedocles, 139 Davis, G., 269 Enders, J. F., 259 Davison, Francis, 83 English, Peter C., 304–5 Dean, Geoffrey, 220 Ephesus, 177 deGroote, J., 178 Erasistratus, 80 Dejerine,´ Joseph, 225 Erb, Wilhelm, 227 Dekkers, Frederick, 145 Ermengem, Emile Pierre Marie van, 58 Demarquay, Jean-Nicolas, 127 Escherich, Theodor, 281 Denko, Charles W., 234–36 Esquirol, J., 17 Denman, Thomas, 112 Estes, J. Worth, 100–5 Derouesne, Christian, 31–34 Etheridge, Elizabeth W., 242–44 Derrick, E. H., 267, 269 Ettling, John, 165–68 Desault, Pierre-Joseph, 138 Euripides, 132 Devor, Eric J., 138–44, 168–69 Eustachi, Bartolomeo, 147 Dick, George, 290 Evans, Alice, 59 Dick, Gladys, 290 Evans, R. Winston, 24 Dickson, E., 130 Dieffenback, J. F., 78 F Diggs, L. W., 142, 300 Fabricius, Hieronymus, 147 Dioscorides, 232 Fabricius, Wilhelm, 64, 140 Dobson, Matthew, 88 Fanconi, Guido, 84 Donaldson, James, 351 Farley, John, 290–92 Donath, W. F., 48 Fauchard, Pierre, 246 Donovan, Charles, 192 Fedchenko, Aleksei, 100 Dowdle, W. R., 162 Fehleisen, Friedrich, 122 Down, J. Langdon, 97–98, 143 Felsen, J., 177 Downs, Wilbur G., 34–38, 38–39, 107–9, 184–85, Fernel, Jean, 102, 152, 315 207–8 Ferrier, Auger, 315 Dozy, A. M., 142–43 Filatov, Nil, 175 Drake, Daniel, 350 Findlay, L., 281

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Name Index

Finlay y Barres, Carlos, 368 Gougerot, H., 131 Fischer, J. N., 232 Graham, Thomas, 146 Fleck, Ludwik, 317 Grassi, B., 128 Flexner, S., 162 Graves, Robert, 350 Flint, Austin, 22 Greenfield, W., 31 Floyer, John, 113, 157 Greenough, F. B., 162 Folin, Otto, 154 Gregg, Norman, 287 Ford, John, 12 Griesinger, Wilhelm, 17, 291 Forest, Peter, 83 Grifford, Myrnie A., 130 Forestus, 233 Grijns, Gerrit, 48 Forssmann, Werner, 158 Grim, Clarence E., 169–71 Fourcroy, Antoine F. de, 154 Gruby, David, 129–30 Fournier, Jean-Alfred, 31, 317 Gsell, Otto R., 195–96 Fox, Daniel M., 52–54 Guerra, Francisco, 333 Fracastoro, Girolamo, 272, 313, 339, 353 Guillimeau, Jacques, 112 Francis, Edward, 344–45 Guillotin, Joseph-Ignace, 273 Francis of Assisi, Saint, 233 Gull, William Withey, 27–28 Frankel, Albert, 257 Guthrie, C. G., 24 Franklin, Benjamin, 187 Frapolli, Francesco, 243 H Fraser, David W., 189–91 Hackett, C. J., 314, 332 Freeman, Mavis, 269 Hadfield, G., 178 French, Roger K., 69–70, 292–94, 295–98 Hales, Stephen, 104 Fresenius, J., 132 Hale-White, W., 177 Freud, Sigmund, 28 Haller, John S., Jr., 120–21 Friedlander, Carl, 257 Hallier, Ernst, 78 Frolich,¨ Theodor, 298 Haly Abbas (Ali ibn al-Abbas al-Majusi), 135 Funk, Casimir, 48, 298 Hamilton, Robert, 224 Furbee, Louanna, 220 Hanau, Arthur, 64 Hansen, A. G. H., 192, 195 G Harden, Victoria A., 282–83, 283–85, 331, 352–55, Gaffky, Georg, 348, 351 355–56 Galen, 63, 69, 80, 82, 102–3, 112, 120, 130, 135, Hardy, Anne, 275–77, 288–90, 360–62 152, 232, 248, 280, 295, 339, 358 Harken, Dwight E., 279 Galle, F., 227 Harrison, Tinsley R., 104 Galtier, Pierre-Victor, 273 Harvey, William, 80, 103, 140, 156, 158, 361 Gama, Vasco da, 295 Hashimoto, Hakuju, 355 Garrod, A. B., 40 Hayem, George, 22 Garrod, Alfred B., 154 Hayne, Theodore, 369 Garrod, Archibald, 141 Hazeltine, Richard, 214 Gengou, Octave, 361 Head, Henry, 360 Gentile da Foligno, 135 Heberden, William, 157, 359 Gerhard, William, 348, 350, 354 Hecker, J., 312 Gilbertson, Donald E., 333–36 Helwich, Christianus, 104 Gilchrist, T. C., 130–31 Henderson, Donald, 303 Ginzburg, L., 178 Herbst, Ernst, 335 Glisson, Francis, 280–81 Hermann, R., 78 Gluge, Gottlieb, 80 Herodotus, 246 Gockel, Eberhard, 188 Herrick, J. B., 142 Goldberger, Joseph, 243–44, 353 Herrick, James, 24, 157, 299 Goldblatt, Harry, 170 Hertig, M., 69 Goldflam, Samuel, 227 Hess, Alfred, 281, 330 Goodall, Edward, 290 Higgins, Brian T., 247–50 Gordon, Alexander, 122, 266 Hinton, James, 210 Gorgas, William, 368–69 Hippocrates, 63, 69, 122, 135, 139, 152, 167, 171, Gotlieb, C., 178 177, 206, 210, 212, 223–24, 232, 254, 256–57,

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Name Index

276, 295, 305, 324, 328, 339, 347, Joy, Robert J. T., 323–26 358 Judah, Rabbi, 54 Hiro, Y., 287 Hirsch, August, 47–48, 148, 213, 361 K Hissette, J., 229 Kampmeier, R. H., 84–85, 161–62, 174–75, Hobbs, Anna Pierce, 219 359–60 Hodgkins, Thomas, 350 Kan, Y. W., 142–43 Hoffman, Friedrich, 71 Kantor, J. L., 178 Hoffmann, Erich, 317 Kaposi, Moriz, 200 Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 122, 266, 305 Karasch, Mary C., 230–34 Holst, Axel, 298 Kartulis, Stephanos, 21 Holtan, Neal R., 309–11 Kass, Edward H., 181–82 Home, Francis, 82–83, 213 Katsurada, Fujiro, 291 Homer, 82, 339 Kay, D. K., 14 Hooke, Robert, 64 Kehrer, E., 330 Hooker, Edna, 253 Keil, Harry, 252 Hooper, R., 70 Kemink, John L., 208–11 Hope, James, 104 Kendall, Edward C., 149 Hopkins, Donald R., 98–100 Kerner, Justinius, 58 Horne, Patrick, D., 342–45 Kim-Farley, Robert J., 211–14, 222–24, 285–87 Howell, Joel D., 156–61 King, Glen, 298 Howland, J., 330 King, Walter, 284 Huck, John G., 24, 142, 300 Kiple, Kenneth F., 5–7, 18–19, 63–67, 109–10, Hudson, Ellis H., 313, 318, 332–33 317–19, 328–30, 331–33, 342, 365–69 Hudson, Robert P., 71–74 Kirklin, John W., 280 Hughes, Matthew Louis, 60 Kirkpatrick, James, 302 Hunain ibn Is-haq, 232 Kirsner, Joseph B., 175–78 Hunter, John, 64, 152, 157, 187, 273 Kitasato, Shibasaburo, 95, 324–25, 328 Huntington, George, 168 Kiyoshi Shiga, 44 Hurst, A. F., 177 Klebs, Edwin, 64, 83, 95, 146, 148, 267, 348 Klein, Edward, 290 I Klenk, E., 321 Ibn Masawaih, 232 Knudson, Ronald J., 112–14 Imray, John, 249 Koch, Robert, 31, 77–78, 95, 218, 267, 340–41, 348, Ingram, V. M., 142, 300 364 Ingrassia, Giovanni, 359 Kocher, E. Theodor, 147 Itard, Jean Marie Gaspard, 210 Koplik, Henry, 213 Ives, Edward, 296 Korner,¨ Otto, 211 Kraepelin, Emil, 17 J Kretchmer, Norman, 182–83 Jackman, W. A., 178 Kuchenmeister,¨ F., 319 Jackson, James, 350 Kundratitz, Karl, 360 Jackson, John, 119 Kuster,¨ Ernst von, 210 Jackson, Robert, 136–38 Kwentus, Joseph A., 14–18 James, Robert, 104 Jamot, Eugene,` 13 L Janet, Pierre, 28 Ladd, W. S., 22 Jansen, B. C. P., 48 Laennec, Rene,80,157,257,278,340,350´ Jenner, Edward, 302–4 Lafleur, Henri, 21 Jenner, William, 276 Lamb, B., 344 Jensen, Carl, 64 Lambotte-Legrand, J. and C., 24 John of Arderne, 233 Lancaster, Sir James, 296 John of Gaddesden, 213 Lancisi, Giovanni Maria, 103 Johnston, William D., 336–42 Landouzy, Louis, 225 Jones, Alfred Lewis, 11 Landsteiner, Karl, 290 Jones, T. Duckett, 278 Lange, Johann, 71, 73

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Name Index

Langenbeck, B., 130 Lutz, Adolfo, 131 Langerhans, Paul, 89 Lynch, J. M., 177 Langmuir, Alexander, 253–54 Lyons, Maryinez, 7–13 Larson, Donald M., 144–46 Lasegue,` Charles, 28 M Latta, Thomas, 78 MacArthur, William, 252 Laveran, Alphonse, 351 Macdonald, George, 205 Lawn, R. M., 142 Macdowall, Patrick, 87 LeBaron, Charles W., 345–49 Macewen, William, 119 Ledelius, J., 248 MacGregor, Patrick, 233 Leeuwenhoek, Anton van, 144, 153 Mackenzie, James, 157 Leff, Robert D., 201–3 Mackey, J. P., 25 Legendre, F. L., 162 Mackie, F., 276 Legg, J. M., 80 Mackinnon, J. E., 131 Lehmann, Hermann, 25 Maclean, W., 351 Leidy, Joseph, 335 Magellan, Fernando, 295–96 Leiper, Robert, 291 Magendie, Franc¸ois, 273 Leisen, James C. C., 39–42 Mallon, Mary, 348–49 Leishman, W. B., 192 Mallory, Frank B., 80 Leonardo da Vinci, 138, 147 Malpighi, Marcello, 103, 146 Lereboullet, Dominique, 80 Manson, Patrick, 10, 21, 127–28 Leuckart, Friedrich Rudolf, 229, 335 Marey, Etienne-Jules, 157–58 Lever, John, 112 Marine, David, 149 Levin, Jeffrey, 244–47 Marriott, W., 330 Levine, P., 22 Marshak, R., 178 Levret, Andre,´ 328 Marston, J. A., 60 Levy, Jerrold E., 116–19 Marzari, Giovanni, 243 Lewis, Thomas, 104, 157 Mason, Verne R., 24 Lewis, Timothy R., 78, 127 Mather, Cotton, 302 Lhermitte, J., 32 Matthey, A., 215 Lieber, Charles S., 81 Maupertuis, Pierre Louis Moreau de, 140 Lieberman, Leslie Sue, 88–92 Mauriceau, Franc¸ois, 112 Liebermeister, Karl von, 80 Maxcy, Kenneth, 355 Lillie, R. D., 38 Mayrhofer, Carl, 266–67 Lincoln, Abraham, 219 McClendon, J. F., 149 Lind, James, 75, 296 McCollum, Elmer, 281, 298 Lipschutz,¨ B., 162 McCoy, G., 344 Lister, Joseph J., 64, 138 McDade, Joseph, 190 Littman, M. L., 132, 253 McDonald, W. I., 220–22 Littman, Robert J., 253 McGinn, Sylvester, 104 Lockhart-Mummery, J. P., 177–78 McMichael, John, 105 Loeb, Leo, 64 McMillen, Sally, 110–12, 326–28 Loffler,¨ Friedrich, 83, 95, 305 McSherry, James, 85–88 Lombroso, Cesare, 243 Meade, Melinda S., 44–49 Longrigg, James, 254 Mendel, Gregor, 140–41 Longstaff, G. B., 279 Mercatus, Ludovicus, 102 Looss, Arthur, 167, 291 Mezeray,´ Franc¸ois Eudes de, 121 Losch,¨ Fedor, 21 Minot, George Richards, 22 Louis, Pierre, 348, 350 Miyairi, Keinosuke, 291 Low, George C., 128 Mock, H., 178 Lower, Richard, 103 Monro, Donald, 104 Lucretius, 186 Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley, 302 Ludwig, Carl, 146 Moore, N., 178 Lu-pu-wei, 280 Mooser, Herman, 355 Lusitanus, Zacutus, 64 More, Sir Thomas, 311

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Name Index

Morgagni, Giovanni Battista, 31, 80, 136, 177, 210, Pare,´ Ambroise, 64, 71, 102, 138, 210, 246, 247, 309, 316 273 Morgan, T. H., 143 Park, Katharine, 49–52 Morse, John, 281–82 Parker, Ralph, 284 Morson, B. C., 178 Parkinson, James, 240–41 Morton, Richard, 27, 206, 340 Parmly, Eleazar, 246 Moschion (Muscio), 328 Pasteur, Louis, 31, 138, 218, 257, 266–67, 273–74 Mosely, Edwin, 218 Patrick, Adam, 312 Mueller, Johannes Peter, 146 Patten, Bernard M., 225–27, 240–41 Mulder, Donald G., 280 Patterson, K. David, 19–21, 42, 43–44, 70, 81, 105, Mundinus (Mondino de’Luzzi), 135 110, 116, 123, 144, 214–17, 227–28, 228–30, 240, Murchison, Charles, 351 254–55, 265, 270–75, 306, 319–20, 330–31, Murray, C. D., 177 336 Murray, George R., 149 Pauling, Linus, 142, 300 Paul of Aegina, 232 N Pearse, R., 344 Nahmias, A. I., 162 Penrose, L. S., 143 Nasse, Christian, 140 Perroncito, Edoardo, 167 Negri, Adelchi, 274 Peterson, J., 164 Neill, Mather, 355 Petit, Jean, 210 Neisser, Albert, 152, 317 Pfeiffer, Emil, 175 Neumann, Ernst, 199 Pfister, H., 203 Newman, James L., 261–65 Pickering, George, 171 Nicander, 186 Piller, Gordon J., 196–99 Nicolaier, Arthur, 324–25, 328 Pinault, Jody, 254 Nicolle, Charles, 276, 354 Piso, Carolus, 102 Niparko, John K., 208–11 Piso, Willem, 364 Noe, G., 128 Pizziani, Marco, 364 Noguchi, Hideyo, 69, 317, 369 Platt, Robert, 171 Nuboer, F. J., 178 Platter, Felix, 147 Pliny, 129, 139, 186, 246, 272, 364 O Poirier, Jacques, 31–34 Obermeier, Otto, 276 Politzer, Adam, 211 O’Brien, J. S., 321 Pollender, Aloys, 31 Ohara, Hachiro, 345 Posadas, Alejandro, 130 Okada, S., 321 Pott, Percival, 64 Oppenheimer, G. D., 178 Power, George, 233 Opuls, W., 130 Prescott, Heather Munro, 26–29 O’Shaughnessy, W. B., 78 Prevost,´ Jean-Louis, 148 Osler, William, 72, 200, 256, 309, 324, Priscianus, Theodorus, 232 349 Procopius, 62 Otto, John, 57 Prowazek, Stanislaus von, 354 Owen, Richard, 335 Q P Quier, John, 214 Pacini, Filippo, 74, 78 Quincke, Heinrich, 21, 217 Page, D. L., 253 Quintal, Diane, 136–38 Paget, Sir James, 238, 335 Painter, T. S., 143 R Palm, Theobald, 281 Rabe, Edward, 83 Palmer, C., 164 Ramazzini, Bernardino, 187 Palmer, S. R., 267–70 Ramses V, Pharoah, 301 Panum, Peter, 213 Raper, A., 300 Paracelsus, 102, 147 Rappaport, H., 178 Paranhos, V., 192 Rasori, Giovanni, 257

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Name Index

Rat, J. Numa, 364 Saliceto of Bologna, Guglielmo de, 145 Ratnoff, Oscar D., 54–57 Salk, Jonas, 259 Ravenholt, R. T., 114–16 Sambon, Louis, 291 Rayer, Pierre, 31, 360 Sandwith, Fleming, 243 Raynaud, Maurice, 138 Sanne,´ A., 83 Reed, Walter, 35, 352, 368 Sant’Agnese, Paul di, 84 Remak, Robert, 129 Saunders, H., 178 Reuter, Karl, 317 Sauvages, Franc¸ois Boissier de, 348, 353 Reverdin, Jacques-Louis and August, 148 Savitt, Todd L., 125–28, 306–9 Reynolds, Russell, 32 Sawin, Clark T., 146–49 Rhazes, 99, 213, 272, 301, 358 Schaudinn, Fritz, 317 Richards, Dickinson, 158 Scheele, Karl W., 153 Ricketts, Howard Taylor, 282, 284, 354 Schenck, B. R., 131 Ricord, Philippe, 152, 316 Schmorl, Georg, 281 Riggs, John, 246 Schneweiss, K. E., 162 Rixford, E., 130 Schoenlein, J. L., 129 Robbins, F. C., 259 Schultes, Johann, 289 Robin, Charles, 78 Schwartze, Hermann, 210–11 Robin, M., 127 Seguin,´ E., 143 Robinson, D., 321 Semmelweis, Philip Ignaz, 122, 266, 305 Robles, Rodolfo, 229 Semon, Felix, 148 Roca Lima, Henrique de, 354 Sennert, Daniel, 64, 187, 289 Rocha-Pima, H. da, 164 Sequin, E., 97 Rockefeller, John D., 168 Shakespeare, E., 352 Rogers, Leonard, 78 Sherman, M., 300 Rokitansky, Karl von, 80 Shrewsbury, J. F. D., 252–53 Rolleston, H., 177 ShunyuI,358¨ Rollo, John, 88 Sidenstricker, Virgil P., 24 Rontgen,¨ Wilhelm, 198 Silva, Piraja da, 291 Roos, E., 21 Silva Lima, J. da, 14 Rosenbach, D., 324 Simmons, James S., 88 Rosenstein, Nils von, 289, 361 Simoons, Frederick, 183 Rosen´ von Rosenstein, Nils, 145 Simpson, James, 112 Ross, J. R., 178 Sims, Marion, 328 Ross, Ronald, 10, 35 Slome, D., 321 Rosslin,¨ Eucharius, 112 Smith, C. E., 177 Roth, Martin, 17 Smith, Dale, 349–52 Rothberger, C. J., 104 Smith, Fred, 157 Rothenberg, Richard B., 150–53 Smith, Theobald, 35 Roussel, Theophile,´ 243 Snively, William, 220 Roux, Emile, 95 Snow, John, 77 Rowe, John, 219 Sommers, S. C., 178 Rubens, Peter Paul, 41 Soper, Fred, 37, 369 Rufus of Ephesus, 145, 358 Soper, George, 348 Rush, Benjamin, 87, 257 Soranus of Ephesus, 280 Russell, Richard, 224 Southey, R., 105 Rutty, John, 276 Speck, Reinhard S., 74–78 Ruysch, Frederik, 80 Spencer, Roscoe, 284 Spieghel, Adriaan van den (Spigelius), 348 S Spies, Tom, 244 Sabin, Albert, 87, 162, 259 Spriggs, E., 177 Sabouraud, Raymond, 129 Sprunt, Thomas, 175 Sachs, Bernard, 321 Starling, Ernest Henry, 104 Sadaqa ibn Ibrahim al-Sadhili, 232 Starr, Albert, 280 Saissy, Jean Antoine, 210 Steere, Allen, 203

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Name Index

Steinbock, R. Ted, 134–36, 236–38, 280–82, 357–58 V Sternberg, George, 352 Valli, Eusebio, 273 Stewart, H. J., 105 Valsalva, Antonio, 210 Stiles, Charles, 167–68 Varandal, Jean, 71 Stirling, E. C., 364 Vaughan, Victor, 352 Stirling, J. L., 321 Veale, Henry, 287 Stockhausen, Samuel, 188 Vedder, Edward B., 48 Stokes, Adrian, 369 Velschius, G. H., 100 Stokes, William, 157, 350 Vergil, Polydore, 312 Stoll, Maxmilian, 289 Vesalius, Andreas, 80, 147 Strauss, Hermann, 177 Veuster, Damien de, 195 Strauss, Maurice, 312 Vianna, Gasper Oliveira de, 192 Strong, R., 164 Vieussens, Raymond, 103 Stubbs, Hugh, 253 Vieusseux, Gaspard, 215 Sutton, W. S., 143 Villemin, Jean-Antoine, 340 Suzuki, Masatsuga, 291 Vincent, H., 131 Svennerholm, L., 321 Virchow, Rudolph, 64, 132, 146, 199, 335, 340, Swieten, Gerard van, 297 354 Swift, Homer F., 278 Vitruvius, 186 Sydenham, Thomas, 23, 71, 74, 153, 177, 206, 213, Vivarelli, R., 25 278, 289, 305, 360–61 Vries, Hugo de, 140–41 Sylvius of Leyden, 69 Szent-Gyorgyi,¨ Albert, 298 W Walker, Ernest, 21 T Warren, A. C., 143 Takaki, K., 48 Warren, S., 178 Tanquerel des Planches, L., 187 Wassermann, August von, 317 Tasaka, S., 287 Watt, Robert, 361 Tay, Warren, 321 Weber, Klaus, 203 Taylor, David N., 345–49 Weichselbaum, Anton, 217, 257 Telian, Steven A., 208–11 Weil, A., 195–96 Terry, Robert, 17 Weir, R. F., 177 Theiler, Max, 369 Weiss, H., 330 Thierry de Hery,´ 315 Weller, T. H., 259 Thiery,` Franc¸ois, 243 Wells, Charles, 178 Thomas, Wolferstan, 13 Wells, William C., 145–46, 278 Thommasini, Giacomo, 257 West, J., 175 Thucydides, 251–54 Wharfton, Thomas, 147 Todd, E. W., 278 Wherry, W., 344 Tolhurst, Jean C., 132 Whistler, Daniel, 280 Tomlinson, Bernard, 17 White, Paul Dudley, 104 Torti, Francesco, 206 Whorton, James, 105–7 Toussaint, H., 31 Widal, Fernand, 347 Towne, Bradford, 320–23 Wilde, William, 210 Townsend, Charles, 68 Wilder, Russell M., 48 Tozzi, Luca, 103 Wilkinson, Lise, 29–31, 58–60 Troltsch, Anton von, 210 Wilks, Samuel, 178, 226–27 Trousseau, Armand, 32, 122, 241, 330 Willan, Robert, 162 Trowell, H. C., 24 Willebrand, E. A. von, 57 Tschermak, Erich von, 140–41 Williams, Robert R., 48 Williams, Watson, 254 U Willis, Thomas, 88, 103, 215, 226, 348, 361 Unger, L., 281 Wilson, Thomas W., 169–71 Unna, Paul, 162 Winterberg, H., 104 Urteaga-Ballon, Oscar, 67–69 Wiseman, Richard, 293–94

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Name Index

Withering, William, 104–5 Y Wolbach, Burt, 284 Yersin, Alexandre, 61, 95 Wollaston, William H., 153 Young,William, 369 Wood, Corinne, 333 Woodward, Joseph, 349–50, 352 Z Wright, Almroth, 348 Zacharias, Pope, 171 Wright, James, 192 Zammit, Themistocles, 60 Wucherer, Otto, 127–28 Zenker, Friedrich, 336 Wullstein, H., 211 Zilva, S. S., 298 Wunderlich, Karl, 340 Zimmerman, L. E., 132 Wyatt, H. V., 258–61 Zinke, Georg Gottfried, 273 Wylie, John, 253, 312 Zinsser, Hans, 252, 312, 353, 355 Wyss, O., 360 Zollner,¨ F., 211

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Subject Index

A Aedes albopictus, 35–36, 85–87, 369 a-a-a disease, 167 Aedes cinereus, 343 abattoir fever (Q fever), 190, 255, 267–70, 282 Aedes excrucians, 343 “abdominal apoplexy,” 32 Aedes simpsoni, 365 abdominal colic, 185 Aeromonas, 93 abnormal metabolism, 141 aflatoxin, 134 abortive polio, 258 Africa abruptio placentae, 111 African trypanosomiasis, 7–13 An Account of the Foxglove (Withering), 104–5 AIDS, 2–3, 5–6 acidosis, in milk sickness, 219 ainhum, 14 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), amebic dysentery, 20 1–7 anemia, 24–25 from blood transfusions, 54 anthrax, 30 characteristics, 1–3 arenaviruses, 38–39 histoplasmosis in, 165 ascariasis, 42 history, 3–5 bleeding disorders, 55–57 homosexuality and, 3–4 brucellosis, 59 origin of, 5–6 bubonic plague, 63 pneumonia in, 255 cancer, 65 strongyloidiasis and, 306 cholera, 77 toxoplasmosis in, 2, 330 cystic fibrosis, 84 transmission patterns, 1–2 cytomegalovirus infection, 85 tuberculosis and, 342 dengue, 86 acrodermatitis chronic atrophicans (ACA), 203 diabetes, 89–92 Actinomadura madurae, 131 Down syndrome, 98 actinomycetoma, 131 dracunculiasis, 98–100 active SCOM, 209 Ebola virus, 107–109 acute anterior poliomyelitis, 258. See also echinococcosis, 110 poliomyelitis emphysema, 113 acute coalescent mastoiditis, 209 encephalitis, 115 acute epiglottitis, 81–82 fascioliasis, 123 acute granulocytic leukemia, 197 favism, 124 acute laryngotracheitis, 82 filariasis, 125, 127 acute lymphatic leukemia, 197 fungal infections, 129, 131 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 197 fungus poisoning, 134 acute lymphocytic leukemia, 197 gallstones, 135 acute myeloblastic leukemia, 197 gonorrhea, 151 acute myelocytic leukemia, 197 gout, 156 acute myelogenous leukemia, 197 heart-related diseases, 160 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 197 herpes simplex, 161 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), 197 hookworm infection, 166–167 acute otitis media (AOM), 208–11 infectious hepatitis, 172 acute pulmonary histoplasmosis, 163 infectious mononucleosis, 174 adult T-cell leukemia, 197 influenza, 180 Aedes aegypti, 35, 36, 85–87, 365–66, 368–69 lactose intolerance, 183 Aedes africanus, 365 Lassa fever, 184–185

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Subject Index

Africa (continued ) beriberi and, 46 leishmaniasis, 191–192 cirrhosis and, 79–81 leprosy, 192 diabetes and, 91 Lyme disease, 201 heart disease and, 160 malaria, 203, 204–206 lead poisoning from, 186–88 Marburg virus, 207–208 osteoporosis and, 237 meningitis, 215–217 tetany and, 329 multiple sclerosis, 220 alcoholic fatty liver, 80–81 onchocerciasis, 228–230 “Aleppo boil,” 192 ophthalmia, 230, 234 alimentary toxic aleukia, 133 osteoarthritis, 235–236 “alkali poisoning,” 218 osteoporosis, 238 alkalosis, 329 paragonimiasis, 240 alkaptonuria, 141 pellagra, 244 Allodermanyssus sanguineus, 285 pica, 247, 249–250 allopurinol, 154 pneumonia, 258 alpha-2-antiplasmin deficiency, 56 poliomyelitis, 260–261 Alzheimer’s disease, 14–19, 116 protein–energy malnutrition, 262, 264–265 Amanita caesarea, 133 Q fever, 269 Amanita muscaria, 133 rabies, 270–271, 274 Amanita pantherina, 133 relapsing fever, 275–277 Amanita phalloides, 133 rheumatic fever, 279 Amanita rubescens, 133 rickets, 282 Amanita verna, 133 schistosomiasis, 290–292 Amanita virosa, 133 sickle-cell anemia, 299–300 amaurotic family idiocy, 321 smallpox, 301, 303 Amblyomma americanum, 283 spotted fever, 285 Amblyomma cajennense, 283 strongyloidiasis, 306 amebiasis, from Carrion’s´ disease, 68 sudden unexplained death syndrome, 311 amebic dysentery, 19–21 syphilis, 313–314 amenorrhea, 27, 102, 120 syphilis, nonvenereal, 317, 319 American spotted fever (Rocky Mountain spotted tapeworm infection, 320 fever), 282–85 tetanus, neonatal, 326 American trypanosomiasis, 70–71 treponematoses, 332 Amerindians trichinosis, 334 diabetes, 90–92 tuberculosis, 337 gallstones, 134 typhoid fever, 346, 348 malaria, 206 typhus, epidemic, 354 osteoarthritis, 235–236 urolithiasis, 357 osteoporosis, 238 yaws, 362, 364 pellagra, 242 yellow fever, 36, 365–367, 369 pica, 249 “African lethargy,” 9 smallpox, 300–301 African trypanosomiasis, 7–13 typhus, epidemic, 353 characteristics, 7–9 aminopterin, 199 effects of colonialism on, 11–13 amnesia, 16 encephalitis lethargica and, 115 amphotericin B, 165 history, 9–13 amyloidosis, 145 treatment, 13 amyloid protein, 18–19 agnosia, in Alzheimer’s disease, 16 amylophagia, 247 AIDS. See acquired immune deficiency anaphylactic reaction, 96, 110 syndrome anasarca, 100 ainhum, 14 Ancylostoma duodenale, 165, 167 air-pollution disease, rickets as, 281 anemia, 21–26 albinism, 139, 141 in arthritis, 40 albuminuria, 145–46 from Carrion’s´ disease, 67–68 alcohol consumption fasciolopsiasis, 123

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Subject Index

glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD] gallstones, 136 deficiency, 22, 23–24, 123–25 gangrene, 137 hemolytic, 23–24, 299 genetic disease, 139 from hookworm infection, 165–67 gonorrhea, 151–152 hypochromic, 73 leprosy, 194 iatrogenic, 22 measles, 213 in inflammatory bowel disease, 175–76 ophthalmia, 232 iron-deficiency, 21, 22–23, 26, 71–74, 248–49 periodontal disease, 246 in lead poisoning, 21, 185 pica, 248 in leishmaniasis, 192 plague of Athens, 251–254 in leukemia, 198 poliomyelitis, 260 malaria and, 22, 25–26 rabies, 272 in malnutrition, 263 rickets, 280 from parasites, 21 smallpox, 301 pernicious, 22 thalassemia, 26 and porotic hyperostosis, 26 tuberculosis, 338 from Q fever, 269 urolithiasis, 358 in scarlet fever, 289 antithrombin III deficiency, 57 sickle-cell, 22, 24–25, 125, 142, 256, 298–300 aortic insufficiency, 280 from strongyloidiasis, 306 aortic stenosis, 280 from tapeworm infection, 320 aphasia, 16 from trichuriasis, 336 aplastic crises, 299 aneurism, syphilis and, 314 apnea, 32, 308 “angel wings,” 166 apolipoprotein E (APOE4), 19 angina pectoris, 69, 155, 157. See also heart-related “apoplectic attack,” 31 diseases “apoplectic ictus,” 31 angiosclerosis. See hypertension apoplexy, 31–34. See also stroke angiotensin, 171 appendicitis, 176, 336 animal trponematosis, 314 apraxia, 16 ankylosing spondylitis, 41 Arachis hypogea, 133 ankylosis, 236 arboviruses, 34–38 The Annals of the Convent at Xanten (Mezeray),´ 121 characteristics, 34–35 Anopheles, 10, 204, 206–7 dengue, 35–36, 85–88, 366 Anopheles atroparvus, 206 encephalitides, 36–37 Anopheles labranchiae, 206 Japanese B encephalitis, 36, 38, 181–82, 366 Anopheles sacharovi, 206 treatment and control, 37–38 anorexia yellow fever, 35, 36, 282–83, 365–66 brucellosis and, 59 arenaviruses, 38–39, 107, 184–85 chlorosis and, 73 Argentine hemorrhagic fever (Junin), 38–39, 184 eclampsia and, 111 arrhythmias, in sudden infant death syndrome, malnutrition and, 262 308 nervosa, 26–29, 41, 73 arsenic, for leukemia, 198 in tremetol poisoning, 219 arteriosclerosis, 17, 136, 138, 155 in ulcerative colitis, 175 arthralgias, 163, 200, 202, 279, 287 anorexia nervosa, 26–29, 41, 73 arthritis, 39–42 anoxic convulsions, 360 in alkaptonuria, 141 anthrax, 29–31, 120, 348 in dracunculiasis, 99 antiquity gonococcal, 278 Alzheimer’s disease, 14 in gonorrhea, 150 anthrax, 30–31 in histoplasmosis, 163 arthritis, 41 in inflammatory bowel disease, 175–76 ascariasis, 42 in lupus erythematosus, 200 bacillary dysentery, 44 in Lyme disease, 202 cancer, 63 in meningitis, 215 cirrhosis, 80 in mumps, 223 epilepsy, 118 osteoarthritis, 41, 133, 234–36, 239, 278

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Subject Index

arthritis, (continued ) ringworm, 130 in Paget’s disease of bone, 238 scarlet fever, 289 in rheumatic fever, 279 sudden infant death syndrome, 306 rheumatoid, 39–42, 53, 137, 201, 227 sudden unexplained death syndrome, 311 in rubella, 287 syphilis, 314 streptococcal infection and, 304 syphilis, nonvenereal, 319 ascariasis, 42, 255 tuberculosis, 337 Ascaris, 336 typhus, murine, 355 Ascaris lumbricoides, 42 typhus, scrub, 356 ascaris pneumonitis, 42 yaws, 364 ascites, 80, 100–3 autoimmune responses, 16, 22, 225–27. See also ascorbate, 26 acquired immune deficiency syndrome; aseptic meningitis, 214 immune system dysfunction Asia. See East Asia; Middle and Near East; Russia; autoinfection, 306, 320 South Asia; Southeast Asia “autumnal fever,” 350 Asian SUDS, 309–11 autumnal hepatitis, 171. See also hepatitis aspergillosis, 128, 132 avian tuberculosis, 193 Aspergillus, 132 Ayurvedic medical text, 358 Aspergillus flavus, 134 azidothymidine (AZT), 6 Aspergillus fumigatus, 132 Aspergillus niger, 132 B aspiration pneumonia, 327 bacillary dysentery, 21, 43–44 asthma, ascariasis and, 42 Bacillus anthracis, 29–30 asynapsis, 143 bacillus Calmette-Guerin´ (BCG), 338 Atharva Veda, 358 Bacillus lactimorbi, 218 “athlete’s foot,” 129 bacteremia, 347 atoxyl, 13 bacterial conjunctivitis, 231. See also conjunctivitis atrial fibrillation, 104 bacterial endocarditis, 304–5. See also endocarditis Australia and New Zealand bacterial pneumonia, 255. See also pneumonia AIDS, 1 Bacterium tularense, 344 beriberi, 46 Balantidium coli, 265 bubonic plague, 63 “Balkan influenza” (Q fever), 190, 255, 267–70, cirrhosis, 79 282 dengue, 86 Bancroftian filariasis, 125–28 echinococcosis, 110 Bangungut, 310 encephalitides, 36 “Bannwarth’s syndrome,” 203 filariasis, 127 “Barbados distemper,” 365 gout, 155–156 Bartonella bacilliformis, 67–68 heart-related diseases, 160 Bartonella verrugiformis, 67–68 hookworm infection, 167 bat rabies, 274 infectious hepatitis, 173 Bauerwetzel, 224 inflammatory bowel disease, 176 beef tapeworm, 319–20 influenza, 180 bejel, 317–18 lactose intolerance, 183 benign prostatic hypertrophy, 357 lead poisoning, 188 benign SCOM, 209 leprosy, 193 benign tertian malaria, 203 leptospirosis, 196 beriberi, 44–49, 101, 133, 298 Lyme disease, 201 “big-belly,” 290 measles, 213 bilharzia (schistosomiasis), 167, 290–92, 357 meningitis, 216 biliary cirrhosis, 79, 134 multiple sclerosis, 221–222 biliary stasis, 134 ophthalmia, 230 biliary tract disease, 106, 346 osteoporosis, 238 bipolar disease, leprosy as, 193 Paget’s disease of bone, 238 birth defects, 139–40 poliomyelitis, 260 Black Death, 49–52. See also bubonic plague Q fever, 267, 269–270 black lung, 52–54

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Subject Index

“black measles” (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), history, 62–63 282–85 as Plague of Athens, 252, 253 bladder cancer, 65 Buerger’s diease, 137 bladder-stone disease, 357 bunions, 235 blains, 364 “butterfly” facial rash, 200 blastomycosis, 130–31 “button-scurvy,” 318 bleeding disorders, 54–57 byssinosis, 52–54 “bleeding fever,” 365 blennorrhagia, 316 C blindness, 300, 321 cachexia, 249, 335 blood cancer (leukemia), 66, 196–99, 254, cachexia Africana, 249 359 calcium deficiency, 329–30 “blue disease” (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), calculus, 245 282–85 Calomys, 39 bocio, 146 calorie deficiency, 262 Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, 38–39 “camp fever,” 352 bone loss. See osteoporosis Campylobacter, 43–44 Book of Medicine (Assyrian), 358 campylobacteriosis, 43–44, 93 “boomerang leg,” 364 Canada. See North America borborygmus, 183 cancer, 63–67 Bordetella parapertussis, 360 ancient occurrences, 63–64 Bordetella pertussis, 360 bladder, 65 Borrelia, 275 breast, 63–65 Borrelia burgdorferi, 201–3 causes, 64 Borrelia recurrentis, 275 cervix, 66–67, 161 botulism, 57–58, 115, 308 colorectal, 65–66 Bouchard’s nodes, 235 death rates, 160 boutonneuse fever, 285 gastric, 67 bovine rabies, 270 hepatitis B and, 172 bovine tuberculosis, 193, 337 kidney, 65 bradycardia, 27, 86, 196 leukemia, 66, 196–99 bradykinesia, 240–41 liver, 67, 81, 134, 172 brain damage, 185, 210, 264 lung, 65–66 brain tumors, epilepsy and, 117 lupus as, 199 “brandy liver,” 80 prostate, 65–66 “breakbone fever,” 87 scrotal, 64 breast cancer, 63–65 skin, 66, 281 Bright’s disease, 144–46 stomach, 65, 67 Brill’s disease, 353 strongyloidiasis and, 306 Brill-Zinsser disease, 353 thyroid, 66, 147 broad fish tapeworm, 320 uterine, 65 bronchiectasis, 360 Candida albicans, 2, 130 bronchitis, 113, 178, 276 candidiasis, 2, 130 bronchocele, 146 canine distemper, 212 bronchopneumonia, 70, 255, 327 canine rabies, 270–71, 275 brown lung, 52–54 Caplan’s syndrome, 53 Brucella, 351 Caraka Samhita, 41 Brucella abortus, 58–60 carate, 250–51 Brucella melitensis, 58–60 carbolic acid, 137 Brucella suis, 58–60 carcinoma, 63, 106, 175 brucellosis, 58–60, 108, 351 cardiac asthma, 101 Brugia malayi, 125 cardiac beriberi, 133 “bubas,” 364 cardiac disease. See heart disease bubonic plague cardiac insufficiency, 159 as Black Death, 49–52 cardiac murmurs, 158–59 characteristics, 60–62, 282–83 cardiogenic shock, 102

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Subject Index

cardiovascular disease, 264, 314. See also heart pinta, 250 disease; heart-related diseases poliomyelitis, 261 carditis, 279, 304–5 protein-energy malnutrition, 262 Caribbean Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 284 AIDS, 4 syphilis, 313 arenaviruses, 38 toxoplasmosis, 331 cancer, 65 yellow fever, 36, 366–369 Chagas’ disease, 70 cephalic tetanus, 324 cholera, 77 cephalopelvic disproportion, 264 cytomegalovirus infection, 85 Cercopithecus, 208 dengue, 86 cerebellar ataxia, 268 diabetes, 90 cerebral arteriosclerosis, 17 filariasis, 127 cerebral hemorrhage, 32, 111 glomerulonephritis, 145 cerebral infarction, 33 G6PD deficiency, 24 cerebral schistosomiasis, 291 hookworm infection, 166–168 cerebral toxoplasmosis, 330 lupus erythematosus, 201 “cerebrospinal fever,” 214 malaria, 204 cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM), 214–17 measles, 214 cerebrovascular attacks, 117 onchocerciasis, 228 cerebrovascular disease (CVD), 32–33, 117 ophthalmia, 234 cervical cancer, 66–67, 161 osteoarthritis, 235 cestode infection, 70. See also tapeworm infection pica, 249 Chagas’ disease, 70–71, 160 protein-energy malnutrition, 263 chancre, 162, 314, 316, 318 rabies, 274 chancroid, 316–17 schistosomiasis, 290 charbon malin, 29, 31. See also anthrax tetanus, neonatal, 326 Cheyne-Stokes respiration, 32 yaws, 362 chickenpox, 162, 285, 359–60 yellow fever, 36, 368–369 childbed fever, 265–67, 304 caries, bone, 294 China. See East Asia, China caries, dental, 245, 305 chincough, 360–62 carpal-tunnel syndrome, 40, 239 Chinese liver fluke, 81 carpopedal spasms, 329 chirimacha, 71 Carrion’s´ disease, 67–69 Chlamydia trachomatis, 230–31 cataracts, 287 chlorosis, 23, 71–74. See also iron deficiency anemia catarrh, 69–70 cholangitis, 134 catherization, cardiac, 158 cholecystitis, 134 cellulitis, 121–22, 136, 266, 288, 304–5 cholelithiasis, 134–36 Central America cholera, 74–78, 93, 128, 180 AIDS, 2 cholera morbus, 74, 76 ainhum, 14 cholera nostras, 74 amebic dysentery, 20 cholesteatoma, 209 bacillary dysentery, 43 cholesterol, 33, 134, 160 cholera, 77 chorea, 168–69, 304 dengue, 87 chorioretinitis, 84 filariasis, 125 Christianity gonorrhea, 151 Black Death and, 50–52 histoplasmosis, 163 epilepsy and, 119 hookworm infection, 166, 168 ergotism and, 120–21 influenza, 180–181 leprosy and, 194 leishmaniasis, 191 Saint Anthony’s fire and, 287–88 malaria, 204, 206 scrofula and, 293–94 mycoses, 130–131 sudden infant death syndrome and, 309 onchocerciasis, 228–229 Christmas disease, 54–55, 57 ophthalmia, 230 chromatolysis, 323 paragonimiasis, 240 chronic active hepatitis, 173. See also hepatitis

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Subject Index

chronic cavitary histoplasmosis, 163 in Marburg virus disease, 208 chronic dust-induced respiratory disease, 52–54 in measles, 212 chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL), 197 in rubella, 286 chronic kidney disease, 145. See also simple acute, 231 glomerulonephritis in tularemia, 344 chronic lymphatic leukemia, 197 in varicella-zoster virus disease, 359 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 197 viral, 231 chronic lymphogenous leukemia, 197 Conn’s syndrome, 170 chronic myelocytic leukemia, 197 consumption, 339. See also tuberculosis chronic myelogenous leukemia, 197 contagious abortion, 59 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 197 continued fever, 350 chronic schistosomiasis, 291 convulsions, 120, 185, 215, 329–30, 360 chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), 209 convulsive ergotism, 120 Chrysops discalis, 343–44 “coolie itch,” 165 chyluria, 125–27 corneal herpes, 161 cicatrizing trachoma, 231 coronary artery disease, 101, 157 cinchona, 206 coronary disease, 159 cirrhosis, 79–81, 100, 173 coronary heart disease, 157, 159–60 citreoviridin toxin, 133 cor pulmonale, 101 Claviceps purpurea, 120, 136 Corynebacterium diphtheria, 82–83, 94–95 clonorchiasis, 81 coryza, 82, 212, 251 Clonorchis sinensis, 81 cotton dust, 52–54 Clostridium botulinum, 57–58, 308 cowpox, 300, 303–4 Clostridium difficile, 93 Coxiella burnetii, 267–70 Clostridium perfringens, 93 coxsackievirus, 214 Clostridium tetani, 323, 326–27 “crab yaws,” 362 coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP), 52–54 cranial nerve palsies, 202, 241 coccidioidomycosis, 130 craw-craw, 228 Cochin-China diarrhea, 306 creatine phosphokinase, 224 “cocktails,” antiviral, 6 cretinism (congenital hypothyroidism), 98, 147 colchicum, 154 Crohn’s disease, 106, 175–78 colds, 70, 82, 178 croup, 81–83. See also diphtheria cold sores, 161 cryptococcosis, 131–32 “colic,” 185 Cryptococcus, 214 “colica pictonum, 187 Cryptococcus farciminosus, 164 “colic of Poitou,” 187. See also lead poisoning Cryptococcus neoformans, 131–32 colon cancer, 65, 177 Culex tritaeniorhyncus, 181–82 color blindness, 140 Cushing’s syndrome, 170 colorectal cancer, 65–66, 177 cutaneous anesthesias, 39 congenital afibrinogenemia, 56 cutaneous anthrax, 29. See also anthrax congenital disorders, 140. See also genetic factors cutaneous degeneration, 40 congenital dysfibrinogenemia, 56 cutaneous diphtheria, 95 congenital heart disease, 97, 160, 261 cutaneous herpes, 161 congenital hypofibrinogenemia, 56 cutaneous hyperesthesia, 39 congenital hypothyroidism, 98, 147 cutaneous leishmaniasis, 191 congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), 286 cutaneous tuberculosis, 199 congenital syphilis, 85, 313, 333. See also syphilis cutaneous tularemia, 344 congestive heart failure, 100–1, 158, 166 cyanosis, 75, 86, 117, 256, 360 conjunctivitis, 231–34 Cyclops, 99 bacterial, 231 cynanche maligna, 289. See also diphtheria in Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, 39 cysticercosis, 320 in Ebola virus disease, 108 cystic fibrosis, 83–84, 261 in gonorrhea, 232 cystinuria, 141 granular, 230–31 cytogenetics, 143–44 from herpes simplex, 161 cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID), 84–85 history, 232–34 cytomegalovirus infection, 2, 84–85, 162, 255

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Subject Index

D gout and, 154 DaCosta’s syndrome, 158–59 heart disease and, 160 dactylitis, 363 history, 88–89 DDT, 354 insulin-dependent (Type I), 88–89, 91 deafness, 223, 287 non-insulin-dependent (Type II), 88, 89–90, 91 “deer-fly fever,” 343–44 similarity to leprosy, 194 deficiency diseases. See also diet; malnutrition; thrifty gene theory and, 135 vitamins tropical, 88, 90–91 beriberi, 44–49 diarrhea. See also dysentery goiter, 146–49, 330 acute, 92–94 G6PD deficiency, 22, 23–24, 123–25, 205, 284 in amebic dysentery, 20 iron deficiency anemia, 21, 22–23, 26, 71–74, anemia from, 23 248–49 in Argentine hemorrhagic fever, 39 pellagra, 242–44 ascariasis and, 42 rickets, 26, 280–82, 329–30 in bacillary dysentery, 44 scurvy, 295–98 in cholera, 74–75 sudden infant death syndrome and, 308 in clonorchiasis, 81 tetany, 328–30 Cochin-China, 306 deforming arthrosis, 236 in colchicum, 154 degenerative joint disease. See osteoarthritis in cystic fibrosis, 83 dehydration, 263–64, 335 enteric, 340 Delaney amendment of 1958, 66 in fasciolopsiasis, 123 “Delhi boil,” 192 in giardiasis, 93, 144 delirium, 215, 347 in inflammatory bowel disease, 175–76 delta agent, 174. See also hepatitis in lactose intolerance, 93, 183 dementia lead poisoning and, 185 in Alzheimer’s disease, 14–15, 17–19 in Legionnaires’ disease, 189 in cancer, 15 in leishmaniasis, 192 depression and, 15 in leukemia, 198 in Huntington’s disease, 168 malnutrition and, 93, 262 multi-infarct, 15 in Marburg virus disease, 208 in pellagra, 242 in measles, 212, 253 stroke and, 15 in pellagra, 242 in syphilis, 314 in pica, 249 demyelination, 221–22 in salmonellosis, 346 dengue, 35–36, 85–88, 366 salt depletion in, 170 dengue triad, 86 in tapeworm infection, 320 depression, 15, 178 tetany and, 329 Dermacentor andersoni, 283, 343 in toxoplasmosis, 330 Dermacentor variabilis, 283 in trichinosis, 334 Dermacentroxenus rickettsi, 284. See also Rickettsia in trichuriasis, 336 rickettsii in tularemia, 344 dermatitis, 165, 242 in typhomalarial fever, 349 dermatophytosis, 128–30 diarrheal diseases, 92–94 dermatosis, 263 dichuchwa, 319 desert sores, 95 Dick test, 290 desquamation, 289 diet. See also deficiency diseases; malnutrition; “devil’s fire,” 120 vitamins “dew poison,” 165 aflatoxins, 134 diabetes mellitus (DM), 88–92 beriberi and, 44–49 candida infection and, 132 cancer and, 66–67 characteristics, 91–92 diabetes mellitus and, 89–90 eclampsia and, 111 ergotism and, 120–21 gangrene in, 137 favism and, 123–25 gestational, 88, 91 fungus poisoning and, 132–34 glomerulopathies, 145 gallstones and, 134

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Subject Index

goiter and, 148–49 dwarf tapeworm, 320 gout and, 154–56 dysentery, 105. See also diarrhea hookworm infection and, 166–67 amebic, 19–21 hypertension and, 169 bacillary, 21, 43–44 iron deficiency anemia and, 21, 22–23, 26, 71–74 characteristics, 105 milk sickness and, 218 diarrheal diseases, 92–94 osteoporosis and, 237–38 enteric diarrhea and, 340 pellagra and, 242–44 dysmimia, 226 pica, 72, 188, 247–50 dyspepsia, 105–7, 166 protein-energy malnutrition, 261–65 dysphagia, 108, 226–27 rickets and, 280–82 dysphonia, 226 scurvy and, 295–98 dyspnea trichinosis and, 333–36 in brown lung, 53 typhoid fever and, 346 in croup, 82 urolithiasis and, 357 dropsy and, 101–2 in Victorian times, 72 in histoplasmosis, 163 Digitalis lanata, 105 in myasthenia gravis, 226 Digitalis purpurea, 105 in pneumonia, 256 diphtheria, 94–96 in varicella-zoster virus disease, 359 characteristics, 94–95 dysuria, 161, 291 croup and, 81–83 cutaneous, 95 E history, 95–96 ear infections scarlet fever and, 289, 305 acute otitis media, 208–11 tetanus and, 325 mastoiditis, 208–11, 304 Diphyllobothrium latum, 319–20 otitis media, 212, 289, 304, 360 diplopia, 226 otitis media with effusion, 209 Dipylidium canium, 319 East Asia discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), 199–201 arenaviruses, 38–39 disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI), bubonic plague, 62, 63 150 cancer, 67 disseminated histoplasmosis, 163–64 cholera, 77 disseminated lupus erythematosus, 200 dengue, 86 distal radius fractures, 237 diabetes, 90 DNA. See genetic factors encephalitis, 115 dog tapeworm, 319 gonorrhea, 151 Down syndrome, 16, 19, 96–98, 143 herpes simplex, 161 DPT vaccine, 325–26 influenza, 180 dracunculiasis, 98–100 lactose intolerance, 183 Dracunculus medinensis, 98–99 leishmaniasis, 191 “drip,” 150 leptospirosis, 196 dropsy, 100–5 malaria, 204 in beriberi, 47 ophthalmia, 230 characteristics, 100–2 poliomyelitis, 261 history, 102–5 protein-energy malnutrition, 262 in hookworm infection, 166 rabies, 270 in hypertension, 170 sudden infant death syndrome, 306 in scarlet fever, 145–46, 289 tapeworm infection, 320 drug addiction, epilepsy and, 117 tetanus, neonatal, 326 drunken bread syndrome, 133 treponematoses, 332 “dry bellyache,” 185, 187 typhus, scrub, 356 dry gangrene, 136 yaws, 362 Dubin-Johnson syndrome, 56 China Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), 224–25 amebic dysentery, 20 “Dumdum” fever (leishmaniasis), 191–92 anthrax, 30 duodenal ulcer, 107 ascariasis, 42

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Subject Index

East Asia, China (continued ) inflammatory bowel disease, 176 beriberi, 45 Japanese B encephalitis, 181–182 Black Death, 49 lactose intolerance, 183 brucellosis, 59 leptospirosis, 195 bubonic plague, 63 leukemia, 198 cancer, 67 Lyme disease, 201 cholera, 76–77 ophthalmia, 230 clonorchiasis, 81 osteoporosis, 238 diabetes, 89, 91 paragonimiasis, 240 fasciolopsiasis, 123 schistosomiasis, 290–291 favism, 123 stroke, 33 filariasis, 125, 127–128 sudden infant death syndrome, 306 fungus poisoning, 133 sudden unexplained death syndrome, 309, gallstones, 134 311 goiter, 146 tuberculosis, 337, 339, 341 gout, 156 tularemia, 343–344 G6PD deficiency, 23 typhus, epidemic, 354 hookworm infection, 166 typhus, scrub, 356 inflammatory bowel disease, 176 urolithiasis, 357 Japanese B encephalitis, 182 Korea lead poisoning, 186, 188 beriberi, 45 leishmaniasis, 191 cholera, 77 leprosy, 195 diabetes, 89 leptospirosis, 196 fasciolopsiasis, 123 Lyme disease, 201 paragonimiasis, 240 malaria, 205 typhus, epidemic, 354 measles, 213 typhus, scrub, 356 meningitis, 215–216 eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), 35, 36, 38 ophthalmia, 230 East India Company, 296 paragonimiasis, 240 Ebers Papyrus, 99, 102, 162, 167, 232, 246 pica, 249 Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), 109 rheumatic fever, 279 Ebola virus disease, 107–10, 208 schistosomiasis, 290–292 echinococcosis, 110 smallpox, 301–302 Echinococcus granulosis, 110, 319 tapeworm infection, 319 echovirus, 214 tuberculosis, 337–338 eclampsia, 110–12 typhomalarial fever, 349 eczema, 194, 251 typhus, scrub, 356 edema urolithiasis, 357–358 in beriberi, 47 Japan in eclampsia, 110 bacillary dysentery, 43 in influenza, 181 beriberi, 45–48 in Japanese encephalitis, 182 bleeding disorders, 56–57 in kwashiorkor, 261, 263 botulism, 58 in pinta, 251 cancer, 65, 67 in trichinosis, 335 cholera, 77 effort syndrome, 159 cirrhosis, 79 “Egyptian chlorosis,” 166 clonorchiasis, 81 electrocardiogram, invention of, 157–58 diabetes, 89–91 elephantiasis, 125–28 Down syndrome, 98 embolic pneumonia, 255 encephalitis, 38 embolism, 137 filarisasis, 125 empeines, 250 fungus poisoning, 133 emphysema, 112–14, 163 gallstones, 134–135 empyema, 256 gout, 156 enanthem, 184, 208 hookworm infection, 166 encephalitides, 34, 36–37, 86

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© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

encephalitis Ebola virus disease, 107–8 Japanese, 36, 38, 115, 181–82, 366 encephalitis lethargica, 114–16, 240–41 lethargica, 114–16, 179, 240–41 ET-NANBH, 174 Lyme disease and, 202 glomerulonephritis, 145 measles and, 212 gonorrhea, 151 meningitis and, 214 influenza, 179–81, 258 mumps and, 223 Japanese B encephalitis, 181 rabies and, 115 lead poisoning, 187 rubella and, 287 Legionnaire’s disease, 189–90 scrub typhus and, 356 measles, 213, 253 trichinosis and, 335 meningitis, 215–17 varicella-zoster virus disease and, 359 mumps, 224 encephalitis lethargica, 114–16, 179, 240–41 Plague of Athens, 251–54 encephalomyelitis, 196 pneumonia, 256 endemic bladder-stone disease, 357 polio, 258–61 endemic cretinism, 147–49 puerperal fever, 266 endemic goiter, 146–49 Q fever, 267, 269 endemic syphilis. See syphilis rabies, 274 endemic typhus, 355. See also typhus relapsing fever, 276–77 endemic yellow fever, 365. See also yellow fever rubella, 286 endocarditis scarlet fever, 288–89 anemia in, 72 smallpox, 301–2 Candida, 132 sporotrichosis, 131 drug abuse and, 159 sweating sickness, 276, 311–12 lupus and, 200 trachoma, 233–34 Q fever and, 267 trypanosomiasis, 10–13 streptococcal, 304–5 tuberculosis, 339–40, 342 endomyocardial fibrosis, 160 typhus, 275, 282–83, 353–55 energy deficiency, 262 yellow fever, 365–69 enfermedad de Robles (onchocerciasis), 125, epidemic typhus, 275, 282–83, 353–55 228–30, 234 epidemic yellow fever, 365–69. See also yellow Entamoeba coli, 19 fever Entamoeba hartmanni, 19 Epidermophyton, 129 Entamoeba histolytica, 19–21, 105 Epidermophyton floccosum, 129 enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis epilepsy, 31, 111, 116–19 (ET-NANBH), 171, 174 Epstein-Barr virus, 162, 174–75 enteric fever, 345. See also typhoid fever equine encephalitis, 115, 173 enteric infection, 93, 175 equine rabies, 270 enterobiasis, 116 ergot intoxication, 288 Enterobius vermicularis, 116 ergotism, 120–21 eosinophilia, in trichinosis, 335 characteristics, 120 epidemic parotitis, 222. See also mumps gangrene in, 136–37 epidemics history, 120–21 AIDS, 1–7 as Plague of Athens, 252–53 Alzheimer’s disease, 18 Saint Anthony’s fire in, 287–88 anthrax, 29–30 sweating sickness and, 312 bacillary dysentery, 43 erosive arthritis, 42. See also arthritis beriberi, 46 erosive inflammatory osteoarthritis, 235 Black Death, 49–52 erosive joint disease, 41 bubonic plague, 49–52, 60–63, 252–53, erysipelas, 121–22, 136, 257, 288, 304–5 282–83 erysipelas grave internum, 122 Carrion’s´ disease, 68–69 erythema, 208 cholera, 74–77 erythema chronicum migrans (ECM), 202–3 croup, 83 erythema marginatum, 277, 304 dengue, 86–87 erythema migrans, 203 diphtheria, 94 erythema nodosum, 163

391

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Subject Index

erythematous maculopapular rash, 184 histoplasmosis, 163 eschar, 285 hookworm infection, 166–167 Escherichia coli, 43, 93, 214 infectious hepatitis, 172 esophagitis, 106 inflammatory bowel disease, 176–177 espundia (leishmaniasis), 191–92 influenza, 179–180 essential fevers, 350 lactose intolerance, 183 essential hypertension, 169 lead poisoning, 185–188 estrogen, 134, 237 leprosy, 193–195 ET-NANBH, 171, 174. See also hepatitis leptospirosis, 195–196 eumycetoma, 131 Lyme disease, 201, 203 Eupatorium urtacaefolium, 218 malaria, 206–207 Europe Marburg virus, 207 AIDS, 1–2 meningitis, 215–216 amebic dysentery, 20 multiple sclerosis, 221 anemia, 25–26 mumps, 224 anthrax, 29–31 myasthenia gravis, 225 arenaviruses, 38 ophthalmia, 232–234 arthritis, 42 osteoarthritis, 235–236 ascariasis, 42 Paget’s disease of bone, 239–240 bacillary dysentery, 44 Parkinson’s disease, 240 black and brown lung disease, 52–53 pellagra, 243–244 Black Death, 50–52 pica, 248–249 bleeding disorders, 55, 56 poliomyelitis, 259–261 botulism, 58 puerperal fever, 266–267 brucellosis, 58–59 Q fever, 267–270 bubonic plague, 60, 62–63 rabies, 272–274 cancer, 65 relapsing fever, 276–277 cholera, 74–75, 77 rheumatic fever, 279 cirrhosis, 79–80 rickets, 280–281 croup, 83 ringworm, 129 cystic fibrosis, 84 rubella, 286 cytomegalovirus infection, 85 Saint Anthony’s fire, 288 dengue, 86 scarlet fever, 288–290 diabetes, 90 scrofula, 293–294 diphtheria, 95 scurvy, 297–298 Down syndrome, 96 smallpox, 301–303 dropsy, 101–105 strokes, 32–33 Ebola virus, 109 sudden infant death syndrome, 306 echinococcosis, 110 sweating sickness, 311–312 emphysema, 113 syphilis, 314–316, 318 encephalitis lethargica, 115 tapeworm infection, 320 epilepsy, 119 Tay-Sachs disease, 322–323 ergotism, 120–121 tetanus, 325–326 fascioliasis, 123 tetanus, neonatal, 326 favism, 123–124 tetany, 330 fungal infections, 130–132 toxoplasmosis, 330 fungus poisoning, 133 trench fever, 331 gallstones, 135 treponematoses, 332 gangrene, 136, 138 trichinosis, 334–335 glomerulonephritis, 145 tuberculosis, 337, 339–341 goiter, 146–148 tularemia, 343, 345 gonorrhea, 151–152 typhoid fever, 348 gout, 154–155 typhomalarial fever, 350 G6PD deficiency, 23 typhus, epidemic, 353–354 heart-related diseases, 159–160 urolithiasis, 357–358 herpes simplex, 161 whooping cough, 361

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Subject Index

yaws, 364 Fournier’s gangrene, 137 yellow fever, 36 fox rabies, 274–75 eustachian tube dysfunction, 209 framboesia, 362. See also yaws “evil fire,” 120 Francisella (Pasteurella) tularensis, 343–45 exanthema, 251, 289 Fraser, T. R., 22 exanthematous dermatoses, 359 “French disease,” 313. See also syphilis exercise, diabetes mellitus and, 90 “French pox,” 315. See also syphilis frostbite, 137, 194 F fulminating blood infection, 215 facio-scapulo-humeral dystrophy (FSHD), 225 functional asplenia, 256 factor VII deficiency, 56 functional dyspepsia, 105–6 “faeco-malarial fever,” 351 fungemia, 163 falciparum malaria, 300 fungus infections (mycoses), 128–32 false croup, 83 blastomycosis, 130–31 famine, pica and, 249 candidiasis, 2, 130 “famine fever,” 275, 352. See also relapsing fever coccidioidomycosis, 130 farcy, 164 cryptococcosis, 131–32 Fasciola hepatica, 123 histoplasmosis, 130, 163–65 fascioliasis, 123 opportunistic and iatrogenic, 131–32 fasciolopsiasis, 123 paracoccidioidomycosis, 130–31 Fasciolopsis buski, 123 rhinosporidiosis, 132 fat intake, 66, 90 ringworm, 129–30, 251 fatty degeneration, 94, 219 sporotrichosis, 131 fatty-liver disease (kwashiorkor), 261–63 fungus poisoning, 132–34 favism, 23–24, 123–25 furfuraceous idiocy, 143. See also Down syndrome Favus, 129 Fusarium, 133 febre maculosa brasiliera (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), 282–85 G febris miliaria rubra, 289 gallstones, 134–36 fersa, 213 gangosa, 362–64 fiber, diabetes and, 90 gangrene, 136–38 fibrin-stabilizing factor deficiency, 56 cancer and, 63 fibrosis, 80, 255 causes, 136–37 fiebre de Choix (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), characteristics, 136 282–85 in ergotism, 120 fiebre manchada (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), in erysipelas, 122 282–85 history, 137–38 “field fever,” 196 in Plague of Athens, 253 “fiery serpent,” 99 in Saint Anthony’s fire, 287 fievre boutonneuse, 285 “gaol fever,” 352 fi`evre jaune, 365 gas gangrene, 136 filarial worms, 125–28, 228–30 gastric cancer, 67 filariasis, 10, 125–28 gastric remittent fever, 351 fistulas, 176, 294 gastric tetany, 328 Fitzgerald trait, 55 gastritis, 106 “five-day fever,” 331 gastroenteritis, 93–94, 327 Flaujeac trait, 55 gastrointestinal hemorrhage, 347 Flavivirus, 35, 36, 86, 181 gastrointestinal histoplasmosis, 164 Fleckfieber, 352 gastrointestinal tularemia, 344 Fletcher trait, 55 Gaucher’s disease, 320 flu. See influenza genetic disease, 138–44. See also genetic factors folic acid, 199 genetic drift, 322–23 follicular conjunctivitis, 232 genetic factors, 138–44 follicular hyperplasia, 174 in alkaptonuria, 141 “foot drop,” 185 in Alzheimer’s disease, 16 founder effect, 322 in anemia, 22, 26

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genetic factors, (continued ) G6PD deficiency. See glucose 6-phosphate in arthritis, 40, 141, 235 dehydrogenase deficiency birth defects, 139–40 grand mal seizures, 117–19 in bleeding disorders, 54–57 granular conjunctivitis, 230–31. See also in breast cancer, 65–66 conjunctivitis color blindness, 140 granulomas, 177 in cystic fibrosis, 83 grass tetany, 328 in diabetes mellitus, 89, 91 “Great Pestilence,” 49 in diphtheria, 94 “grip.” See influenza in Down syndrome, 96–98, 143 grosse vairolle, 315 in heart disease, 160 “ground itch” (hookworm infection), 165 in hemophilia, 140 “Guinea worm” (dracunculiasis), 98–100 history, 139–42 gumma, 314 in Huntington’s disease, 169 in hypertension, 169–71 H in inflammatory bowel disease, 175–77 Haemagogus, 36, 365 in lactose malabsorption, 183 Haemophilus influenzae type B, 81–82 molecular medicine and, 142–44 Hageman trait, 55 in multiple sclerosis, 222 hairballs, 247 in muscular dystrophies, 224–25 hairy-cell leukemia, 197 in Paget’s disease of bone, 239–40 hand-foot syndrome, 299 in polydactyly, 140 Hansen’s disease. See leprosy in sickle-cell anemia, 142, 298–300 Haplopappus heterophyllus, 218 in Tay-Sachs disease, 320–23 “hard measles,” 211–14 in trisomy, 96, 143 heart block, 202 genital herpes, 161–62. See also herpes viruses heartburn, 106 geophagy, 247–49 heart disease, 156–61. See also heart-related “German measles,” 285–87 diseases gestational diabetes, 88, 91 cardiac insufficiency, 159 giant-cell tumor of bone, 239 causes, 33, 160 giant intestinal fluke, 123 congenital, 97, 160, 261 Giardia lamblia, 93, 144 congestive heart failure, 100–1, 158, 166 giardiasis, 93, 144 coronary, 157, 159–60 gingivitis, 244–46 fatty degeneration, 94 “gin liver,” 80 genetic factors, 138 glandular fever (mononucleosis), 85, 174–75, heart-valve disorders, 267, 278 330 history, 156–61 glandular tularemia, 344 increase in, 159–60 glaucoma, 359 ischemic, 33, 159 glebfieber, 365 percussion technique, 156–57 glomerular disease, 101 rheumatic, 159, 277–80 glomerulonephritis (Bright’s disease), 144–46, heart murmurs, 47, 158–59 304–5 heart-related diseases. See also heart disease Glossina morsitans, 7 beriberi, 47, 101 Glossina palpalis, 7–8 cardiac asthma, 101 glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD] cardiac beriberi, 133 deficiency, 22, 23–24, 123–25, 205, 284 Chagas’ disease, 70 glycosuria, 88 Down syndrome, 97 GM2(beta) gangliosidosis, 320–21 dropsy and, 100–1, 104 goiter, 146–49, 330 gout, 155 gonococcal conjunctivitis, 232 lupus, 200 gonococcal ophthalmia, 150 muscular dystrophy, 225 gonorrhea, 150–53, 214, 232, 316–17 myocarditis, 70, 268, 287, 304, 335 gout, 153–56, 185, 187, 234, 278. See also arthritis peripartum cardiac failure, 160 goutte asthenique primative, 40 strokes, 33 gozzo, 146 surgery, 280

394

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Subject Index

typhoid fever, 347 hilar adenopathy, 163 Heberden’s nodes, 235–36 hip disease, 235. See also arthritis “Heine-Medin disease,” 258. See also poliomyelitis hip fracture, 237–38 helper T4 lymphocytes, 2 Histoplasma capsulatum, 130, 163–65 hematopoiesis, 84 histoplasmosis, 130, 163–65 hematuria, 291, 358 “His-Werner disease,” 331 hemiparesis, 202 HIV infection, 1–2, 5, 115. See also acquired hemiparkinsonism, 241 immune deficiency syndrome hemiplegia, 237 Hmong people, 311 hemochromatosis, 79 Hodgkin’s disease, 254 hemoglobinura, 124 “holy fire,” 120 hemolysis, 23 honey, botulism from, 58 hemolytic anemia, 23–24, 299 hookworm infection, 165–68, 292 hemophilia, 54, 57, 140 horsepox, 304 Hemophilus influenzae, 214 hospital gangrene, 137–38 hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, 232 host-versus-graft reaction, 260 hemorrhagic dengue, 36, 85–87. See also dengue HSV-1 and 2 infections, 161–62 hemorrhagic mediastinitis, 30 human leukocyte antigens (HLA), 222, 226 hemorrhagic meningitis, 30 human lymphatic filariasis, 125 hemorrhagic pancreatitis, 310 Huntington’s disease (chorea), 168–69, hemorrhagic sepsis, 62 304 hemorrhoids, in dropsy, 102 hydatid cysts, 110 hemostasis, 54–57 hydatidosis, 110 hepatic ailments, 236, 264. See also liver hydrocele, 126 hepatitis, 171–74 hydrocephalus, 100 from blood transfusions, 54 hydronephrosis, 291 delta agent, 174 “hydrophobia” (rabies), 115, 270–75 enterically transmitted non-A, non-B, 171, 174 hydrothorax, 100, 102–4 hepatitis A, 171–72 hydroureter, 291 hepatitis B, 67, 79–80, 101, 171–73 Hymenolepsis nana, 319–20 hepatitis C, 173 hypercholesterolemia, 101 Leptospira in, 195 hyperesthesia, 359 meningitis and, 214 hyperglycemia, 92 from mumps, 223 hyperkeratosis, 251 from prenatal rubella, 287 hyperlipidemia, 155 Q fever and, 267 hyperpiesis. See hypertension hepatitis A, 171–72 hyperplasia, 68, 182 hepatitis B, 67, 79–80, 101, 171–73 hypertension, 169–71 hepatitis C, 173 characteristics, 169–70 hepatocellular carcinoma, 79–80 dropsy and, 101 hepatosplenomegaly, 84, 269, 291 eclampsia and, 110–12 heredity, 138–44. See also genetic factors gangrene and, 138 herpes viruses gout and, 155 genital, 161–62 history, 170–71 herpes praeputialis, 162 primary vs. secondary, 169 herpes progenitalis, 162 salt-sensitive, 170 herpes simplex, 161–62 strokes and, 33 herpes zoster, 214, 359–60 WHO classification, 169 trigeminal nerve, 359 hyperthyroidism, 237 vulva, 162 hyperuricemia, 153–56 hex A deficiency, 321 hyperventilation tetany, 328 Hhamikah, 287 hypocalcemia, 328 hiatus hernia, 106 hypocalcemic convulsions, 329–30 “hidden fire,” 120 hypochromic anemia, 73 high blood pressure, 160, 169–71. See also hypoglycemia, 219, 263–64 hypertension hypomagnesemic convulsions, 329–30

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© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

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hyponatremia, 263 pneumonia in, 255–56 hypotension, 27, 39, 86 similarity to leukemia, 198 hypothermia, 27, 263–64, 308 sweating sickness and, 312 hypothyroidism, 47, 72, 148, 226 Ingrassia, Giovanni, 289 hypotonia, 196, 321 insulin, 89 hypovolemic shock, 39 insulin-dependent diabetes, 88–89, 91. See also hypoxia, 82, 308, 324 diabetes mellitus hysteria, anorexia nervosa as, 28 intermittent fevers, 204. See also malaria interstitial pneumonia, 85 I intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), 33 iatrogenic anemia, 22 intravascular coagulation, 111 IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), 175–78 intruded yaws, 364 ichthiosismus, 58 involutional osteoporosis, 237 icterus, 196 iodine deficiency, 148–49 “ictus,” 31 irkintia, 319 idiopathic adenitis, 175 iron deficiency anemia, 21, 22–23, 26, 71–74, idiopathic calcium-stone disease, 357 248–49 ileal ulceration, 177. See also Crohn’s disease ischemia, 33 Ilheus virus, 36 ischemic heart disease, 159 immune system dysfunction. See also acquired “Italian eruptive fever,” 285 immune deficiency syndrome Ixodes dammini, 201, 203 Alzheimer’s disease, 16 Ixodes holocyclus, 285 myasthenia gravis, 225–27 pernicious anemia, 22 J pneumocystis pneumonia, 254–55 Jacksonian seizures, 118 pneumonia, 255–56 “jail distemper,” 352 immunosuppressive drugs, 200 Japan. See East Asia, Japan impetigo, 304 Japanese encephalitis, 36, 38, 115, 181–82, 366 “incipient stroke,” 33 “Japanese flood fever,” 356 India. See South Asia jaundice “Indian tick-typhus,” 285 in Carrion’s´ disease, 68 indigestion (dyspepsia), 105–7, 166 in clonorchiasis, 81 indomethacin, 154 in cytomegalovirus infection, 84 “industrial anthrax,” 29 in Ebola virus disease, 108 infant botulism, 57–58 in fascioliasis, 123 infantile beriberi, 45, 48 in favism, 124 infantile edema (kwashiorkor), 261–63 in hepatitis, 171 infantile gastroenteritis, 94 in leptospirosis, 195–96 infantile paralysis, 258. See also poliomyelitis in mononucleosis, 175 infantile pellagra (kwashiorkor), 261–63 in Q fever, 268 infantile scurvy, 295, 297 in relapsing fever, 275, 276 infantile tetany, 329 in yellow fever, 365 infectious hepatitis, 171–74 jejunitis, 178 infectious mononucleosis, 85, 174–75, 330 Jews, diseases and infectious parotitis, 222. See also mumps Black Death, 51 infectious pneumonia, 255. See also pneumonia bleeding disorders, 56 infertility. See sterility Crohn’s disease, 176 inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 175–78 diabetes, 91 influenza, 178–81 favism, 123 catarrh in, 70 leprosy and, 194 characteristics, 178–79 Tay-Sachs disease, 321–23 croup and, 81 Judah, Rabbi, 54 encephalitis lethargica and, 114–15 jungle yellow fever, 365, 369 history, 114–15, 179–81 Junin virus (Argentine hemorrhagic fever), 38–39, influenza A, 179 184 as Plague of Athens, 253 juvenile Paget’s disease, 239

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Subject Index

K lead intoxication, 186 kala-azar, 191–92 lead poisoning, 185–88 Kaposi’s sarcoma, 1 anemia from, 21 Kaschin-Beck disease, 133 characteristics, 185 “Katayama disease,” 290 epilepsy and, 117 keratitis, 226 history, 185–88 keratoconjunctivitis, 359 pica and, 247, 249–50 Kerner’s disease, 58 left ventricular hypertrophy, 104 ketoacidosis, 219 Legionella, 189 ketoconazole, 165 Legionella pneumophila, 190 ki denga pepo, 86 Legionnaires’ disease, 189–91, 255 kidney cancer, 65 Leishmania braziliensis, 191–92 kidneys Leishmania donovani, 191 dropsy and, 101, 104 leishmaniasis, 191–92 glomerulonephritis, 144–46 “lemming fever,” 343 gout and, 153–56 Leototrombidium deliensis, 356 kidney cancer, 65 lepromatous leprosy, 194 nephritis, 72, 106, 195, 223, 289, 335 leprosy (Hansen’s disease), 192–95 nephrotic syndrome, 101 characteristics, 192–94 renal artery stenosis, 170 ergotism and, 120 renal failure, 111, 154, 185 eye diseases in, 234 renal-stone disease, 357 history, 194–95 schistosomiasis, 291 similarity to elephantiasis, 126 secondary hypertension and, 169 similarity to measles, 213 sickle-cell anemia and, 299 similarity to pinta, 251 kidney stones, 153, 175 similarity to syphilis, 332 “King’s Evil,” 293–94 Leptospira, 195–96 “kissing disease” (mononucleosis), 85, 174–75, 330 Leptospira biflexa, 196 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 257 Leptospira interrogans, 196 Klebs-Loffler¨ bacillus, 94. See also Corynebacterium leptospirosis, 108, 195–96 diphtheria leucocythemia, 199. See also leukemia Kleinfelter’s syndrome, 143 leukemia, 66, 196–99, 254, 359 knee disease, 235. See also arthritis leukoma, 232 knokkel-koorts, 87. See also dengue leukopenia, 200 “Koch’s lymph,” 341 levodopa, 241 koilonychia, 22 lipitudo, 294 Koplik’s spots, 212 Listeria, 214 Korea. See East Asia, Korea “Listerism,” 138 Korsakoff’s psychosis, 47 lithophagia, 247. See also pica Kropf, 146 liver kwashiorkor, 261–263 arthritis and, 236 kyphoscoliosis, 225 cancer, 67 childhood malnutrition and, 264 L cirrhosis and, 79–81, 100–1 labial herpes, 161–62 fascioliasis and, 123 La Crosse virus, 37 hepatitis, 171–74 lactose intolerance/malabsorption, 93, 182–83 hepatocellular carcinoma, 79–80 lacunar infarction, 33 hepatosplenomegaly, 84, 269, 291 laryngitis, 81 inflammatory bowel disease and, 175 laryngotracheitis, 81 leptospirosis and, 196 laryngotracheobronchiopneumonitis, 82 Q fever and, 269 laryngotracheobronchitis, 82 liver cancer, 67, 81, 134, 172 Lassa fever, 38, 107, 184–85 liver flukes, 67, 123 late effects of polio (LEP), 260 “liver rot,” 123 latent syphilis, 313. See also syphilis Loa loa, 125 lead encephalopathy, 188 lobar pneumonia, 255–57, 276. See also pneumonia

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Subject Index

“lockjaw,” 324, 326–27. See also tetanus endemic, 205 locomotor ataxia, 314 hepatitis from, 171 louse-borne relapsing fever, 275–77 history, 205–7 Ludwig’s angina, 82–83 “malarial fevers,” 350–52 lues hispanica, 315 malnutrition and, 262 lues venerea, 315–16 pernicious, 350 lumbago, 236. See also osteoarthritis relapsing fever and, 275 lung cancer, 65–66 sickle-cell trait and, 205, 300 lung flukes, 240 similarity to African trypanosomiasis, 9 lungs similarity to Ebola virus disease, 107–8 lung cancer, 65–66 similarity to Lassa fever, 184 in paragonimiasis, 240 stable vs. unstable, 205 pulmonary anthrax, 29–30 thalassemia, 22, 26 pulmonary disease, 83 typhomalarial fever, 71 pulmonary edema, 100, 103 mal de la rosa (pellagra), 194, 242–44 pulmonary fibrosis, 40 mal de pinto, 250–51 pulmonary heart disease, 101 mal des ardents, 288 pulmonary tuberculosis, 337–38, 340 mal de Siam, 365 lupus erythematosus (LE), 137, 194, 199–201 mal d’estomac, 249 lupus vulgaris, 199, 339 malignant pustule (anthrax), 29–31 Lutzomyia, 191 malignant tertian malaria, 203 Lyme borreliosis, 201–3 malnutrition, 261–65 lymphadenitis, 30, 344 diarrhea and, 93 lymphadenopathy, 2, 85, 253, 286 dropsy and, 100–1 lymphangitis, 126 fungal infections and, 132 lymphedema, 126 history, 264–65 lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM), 38–39, 184 in inflammatory bowel disease, 175 lymphocytic meningoradiculitis, 203 kwashiorkor, 261–63 lymphocytosis, 85, 268 measles and, 213 lymphogranuloma venereum, 316 protein-energy, 261–65 lymphoid aggregates, 177 tetany and, 329 lymphoma, 147 typhomalarial fever and, 349 lymphoproliferative disorders, 197 malnutrition diabetes, 91. See also diabetes mellitus lymph scrotum, 126–27. See also filariasis Malta fever, 58–60, 192, 351–52 marasmic kwashiorkor, 261–62 M marasmus, 261–64 maal, 213 Marburg virus, 107–8, 207–8 Macaca cynomolgus, 108 marrow failure, 268 Machupo virus (Bolivian hemorrhagic fever), “Marseilles exanthematic fever,” 285 38–39, 184 masern, 213 macronodular cirrhosis, 79 mastitis, 265 maculopapular rash, 85, 174, 208 mastoiditis, 208–11, 304 Madura foot, 131 Mastomys natalensis, 108, 184 “madura mycosis,” 131 masura, 213 Madurella grisea, 131 maternal tetany, 328 Madurella mycetomatis, 131 maturity-onset diabetes of youth, 88. See also magnesium deficiency, 328–29, 357 diabetes mellitus magnesium tetany, 328 measles, 211–14 maize, pellagra and, 242–44 characteristics, 212 malacia, 247 diarrhea in, 93 maladie v´en´erienne, 315 encephalitis lethargica and, 115 malaria, 203–7 eye diseases in, 234 anemia and, 22, 25–26, 123–24 history, 212–14 from Carrion’s´ disease, 68 introduction to North America, 206 characteristics, 203–5 malnutrition and, 262 discovery of cause, 10, 35 meningitis and, 214

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© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

Paget’s disease and, 239 meningoencephalitis, 268 as Plague of Athens, 252–53 mental retardation smallpox and, 212, 301 Down syndrome and, 96–98 vaccination, 212, 214 goiter and, 147 meconium ileus, 83 muscular dystrophy and, 225 Mediterranean area prenatal rubella and, 287 Black Death, 49 “Meuse fever,” 331 bleeding disorders, 55 Mexican typhus, 284 brucellosis, 58–60 microcephaly, 84 bubonic plague, 62 Micrococcus melitensis, 351 echinococcosis, 110 micronodular cirrhosis, 79 favism, 123–124 microsporosis, 129 filariasis, 126 Microsporum, 129 G6PD deficiency, 23–24 Microsporum audouinii, 129 ophthalmia, 230 Microsporum canis, 129 poliomyelitis, 258 Microsporum gypseum, 130 protein–energy malnutrition, 265 Middle and Near East ringworm, 129 AIDS, 2 sickle-cell anemia, 26, 300 anemia, 25–26 syphilis, 314 anthrax, 30 syphilis, nonvenereal, 317 ascariasis, 42 tapeworm infection, 319 Black Death, 49–51 typhomalarial fever, 349 bleeding disorders, 56–57 Mediterranean fever, 59–60 bubonic plague, 62 “Mediterranean spotted fever,” 285 cholera, 74, 76–77 Mediterranean type of G6PD deficiency, 23, 124 diabetes, 89, 91 megacephaly, 321 dracunculiasis, 98, 100 megacolon, 70–71 echinococcosis, 110 megaesophagus, 70–71 encephalitides, 36 mehlnahrschaden,¨ 264 favism, 123–124 melanoma, 66 filariasis, 126 melarsoprol, 13 gout, 156 meningeal histoplasmosis, 164 G6PD deficiency, 23 meningism, 182, 196 hookworm infection, 167–168 meningitic tularemia, 344 inflammatory bowel disease, 176 meningitis, 214–17 lead poisoning, 185–186 anthrax and, 30 leishmaniasis, 191–192 characteristics, 214–15 leprosy, 194 diabetes mellitus and, 89 malaria, 204 epilepsy and, 116 measles, 213 history, 215–17 onchocerciasis, 228–229 Leptospira in, 195 ophthalmia, 230, 232–233 lymphocytic choriomeningitis, 38–39, 184 pellagra, 243–244 mastoiditis and, 210 poliomyelitis, 261 mumps and, 223 protein–energy malnutrition, 265 poliomyelitis and, 214, 258 relapsing fever, 277 rubella and, 214 rickets, 282 scarlet fever and, 289 rubella, 287 similarity to Lyme disease, 202 Saint Anthony’s fire, 287 streptococcal organisms and, 304 schistosomiasis, 291–292 treatment, 217 smallpox, 301–302 trichinosis and, 335 sudden infant death syndrome, 306 tubercular, 214, 338 syphilis, nonvenereal, 317–319 types, 214 trench fever, 331 meningitis epidemica, 214 trichinosis, 334 meningococcal meningitis, 214 tuberculosis, 339

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© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

Middle and Near East (continued ) myocardial infarction, 157 tularemia, 343 myocardial insufficiency, 101 typhoid fever, 346, 348 myocarditis urolithiasis, 357–358 in Chagas’ disease, 70 miliary tuberculosis, 337–38 in prenatal rubella, 287 military ophthalmia, 234 in Q fever, 268 milk sickness, 218–20 streptococcal infection and, 304 Milzbrand, 29 in trichinosis, 335 mitral stenosis, 72, 279 myxedema, 148–49 Mobala virus, 39 moist gangrene, 136 N molecular medicine, 142–43 Nanukayami fever, 196 mongolism (Down syndrome), 16, 19, 96–98, 143 National Institute on Aging, 18 monkeypox, 300 Necator americanus, 165, 167 monocytic leukemia, 197 necrosis, 136, 182. See also gangrene mononucleosis, 85, 174–75, 330 necrotizing fasciitis, 137 Mopeia virus, 39 Negri bodies, 271, 274 morbilli, 211–14 Neill-Mooser phenomenon, 355 Morbillivirus, 212, 239 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 150 De Morbis Veneris (Astruc), 316 Neisseria meningitidis, 214, 217 morbus carcerum, 352 nematode infection, 227–28 morbus gallicus, 311, 315–16. See also syphilis ascariasis, 42, 255 morbus hungaricus, 353 dracunculiasis, 98–100 morbus venereus, 315–16 enterobiasis, 116 morbus virgineus, 71 filariasis, 10, 125–28 mosaic Down syndrome, 96 onchocerciasis, 125, 228–30, 234 mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, 191 pinta, 250–51, 317–18, 333, 362 mucormycosis, 132 strongyloidiasis, 306 mucoviscidosis, 83–84 trichinosis, 239, 333–36 “mud fever,” 196 trichuriasis, 336 multi-infarct dementia, 15 neonatal tetanus, 324, 326–28 multiple sclerosis (MS), 201, 220–22 neonatal tetany, 329 mumps, 222–24 nephritis. See also kidneys characteristics, 222–23 anemia in, 72 diabetes mellitus and, 89 dyspepsia in, 106 encephalitis lethargica and, 115 Leptospira in, 195 history, 223–24 in mumps, 223 meningitis and, 214 in scarlet fever, 289 Paget’s disease and, 239 in trichinosis, 335 murine typhus, 282, 352, 355 nephrolithiasis, 153, 175 Murray Valley encephalitis, 36 nephrotic syndrome, 101 muscular atrophies, 224 neurasthenia, 28, 106 muscular dystrophy, 224–25 neuritis, 196, 221, 223, 242 mushroom poisoning, 132–34 neurofibrillary degeneration, 16 Muslims, 50–51, 282 neurosis, 241 Mus musculus, 38 neurosyphilis, 314 myalgia, 39, 208 niacin deficiency, 242–44 myasthenia gravis, 225–27 Niemann-Pick disease, 320 mycardial failure, 104 “nine-day illness,” 329 mycetism, 132–33 “nine-day measles,” 211–14 mycetoma, 128, 131 njovera, 319 Mycobacterium leprae, 192–95 Nocardia, 131 Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 193, 336–37, 342 nondisjunction, 96, 143 Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 81 non-insulin-dependent diabetes, 88, 89–90, 91. mycoses, 128–32. See also fungus infections See also diabetes mellitus mycotoxicosis, 132, 133–34 nonvenereal syphilis, 317–19, 332

400

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

North America. See also United States nutrition. See deficiency diseases; diet; malnutrition AIDS, 1–2 nutritional edema (kwashiorkor), 261–63 amebic dysentery, 20 nutrition-infection interactions, 262 anemia, 24, 26 nutrition-infection stress, 263 anorexia nervosa, 29 anthrax, 30 arenaviruses, 38 O arthritis, 41 obesity, 33, 90, 134–35, 155 ascariasis, 42 obstructive airways disease, 52 black and brown lung, 52 Oceania. See Australia and New Zealand; Pacific bubonic plague, 63 Islands cancer, 65 oculogyric crisis, 114, 241 Chagas’ disease, 70 Ohara’s disease, 343, 345 cholera, 75–77 oligoarticular arthritis, 202 cirrhosis, 79 oliguria, 102, 111 diabetes, 92 Onchocerca volvulus, 125, 228–30 Down syndrome, 96 onchocerciasis, 125, 228–30, 234 emphysema, 113 ophthalmia, 230–34, 294. See also conjunctivitis encephalitides, 37 ophthalmia neonatorum, 231 filariasis, 125 ophthalmic tularemia, 344 gallstones, 135 ophthalmoplegia, 226 gout, 155 opisthotonos, 324 heart-related diseases, 160 oral candidiasis, 128, 130 herpes simplex, 161 oral contraceptives, 33 histoplasmosis, 163 orchitis, 223, 268 hypertension, 171 oreillons, 224 infectious hepatitis, 172 “Oriental sore,” 192 influenza, 180 Ornithodoros, 275 malaria, 204, 206 Oroyo fever, 67–69 meningitis, 216 orthopnea, 101 multiple sclerosis, 220–221 osteitis, 363 myasthenia gravis, 225 osteitis deformans (Paget’s disease of bone), 238–40 mycoses, 130–131 osteoarthritis (OA), 234–36 ophthalmia, 230, 234 characteristics, 235–36 pinta, 250–251 in fungus poisoning, 133 poliomyelitis, 261 heart valves and, 278 rabies, 271, 274 history, 41, 236 rheumatic fever, 279 Paget’s disease and, 239 ringworm, 129 osteomalacia, 236–37, 280–82 Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 284–285 osteomalacic tetany, 328 schistosomiasis, 291 osteomyelitis, 304 scurvy, 297 osteoporosis, 236–38 sudden infant death syndrome, 306 in anorexia nervosa, 27 tapeworm infection, 320 characteristics, 237–38 tetanus, 325 history, 238 tetanus, neonatal, 326 osteomalacia and, 236–37, 282 treponematoses, 332 post-menopausal, 237 trichinosis, 334 otitis media tuberculosis, 337 acute, 208–11 tularemia, 343 in measles, 212 typhus, epidemic, 353 in scarlet fever, 289 urolithiasis, 357 streptococcal infection, 304 “North Asia tick-typhus,” 285 in whooping cough, 360 Norwalk virus, 93 otitis media with effusion (OME), 209 Nova poenitentialis Quadragesima... (Bethencourt), otorrhea, 210 316 ovarian dropsy, 100

401

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

P Chinese liver fluke, 81 Pacific Islands dracunculiasis, 98–100 AIDS, 2, 5 echinococcosis, 110 bacillary dysentery, 43 enterobiasis, 116 clonorchiasis, 81 fascioliasis, 123 diabetes, 90–91 fasciolopsiasis, 123 encephalitides, 36 filariasis, 125–28 encephalitis lethargica, 115 giardiasis, 93, 144 filariasis, 125–127 hookworm infection, 165–68, 292 gout, 156 iron deficiency anemia and, 21, 23 hookworm infection, 166 leishmaniasis, 191–92 lactose intolerance, 183 malaria, 203–7 leprosy, 193 nematode infection, 227–28 lupus erythematosus, 201 onchocerciasis, 125, 228–30, 234 measles, 213 paragonimiasis, 240 ophthalmia, 230 pinta, 250–51, 317–18, 333, 362 pica, 250 pneumocystis pneumonia, 254–55 plague of Athens, 253 relapsing fever, 275–77 ringworm, 129 rickettsial diseases, 282–83, 352–55 syphilis, 314 schistosomiasis, 167, 290–92, 357 typhus, scrub, 356 strongyloidiasis, 306 yaws, 362 tapeworm infection, 70, 110, 319–20 padaavalmika, 131 toxoplasmosis, 330–31 Paget’s disease of bone, 238–40 trichinosis, 333–36 Paget’s disease of the breast, rectum, and skin, trichuriasis, 336 239 yaws, 313–14, 317–18, 332–33, 362–65 “Pahvant Valley plague,” 343 parathyroid hormone, 237 pain crisis, in sickle-cell anemia, 299 parathyroid tetany, 328 palpebral edema, 174 paratyphoid fever, 345 pamaquine, 23 paresis, 258, 314 pancreas, childhood malnutrition and, 264 parkinsonian crises, 241 pancreatitis, 108, 134, 310 Parkinson’s disease, 114–15, 240–41 papophagia, 247 parotitis, 222–24 Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, 130 paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, 101, 103 paracoccidioidomycosis, 130–31 Pasteurella, 345 paragonimiasis, 240 “patriotic fever,” 366 Paragonimus westermani, 240 “peapickers’ disease,” 196 parahemophilia, 56 peau d’orange, 121 parainfluenza virus types 1 and 2, 82, 239 pedal edema, 102 paralysis Pediculus humanus capitis, 352 in beriberi, 47 Pediculus humanus corporis, 352 in diphtheria, 94 pellagra, 194, 242–44 in Japanese B encephalitis, 182 pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), 150 in lead poisoning, 185 penicillin, 258 in myasthenia gravis, 226 Penicillium citreoviride, 133 in poliomyelitis, 258 pentosuria, 141 paralysis agitans, 241. See also Parkinson’s disease peptic ulcer dyspepsia, 105, 107 paralytic polio, 258. See also poliomyelitis pericarditis, 223, 268, 304 Paramyxovirus, 222 periodic fever, 349–50 parangi, 365 “periodic typhoid,” 352 parasitic diseases. See also malaria; nematode periodontal disease (pyorrhea), 244–47 infection periodontitis, 244 African trypanosomiasis, 7–13 periorbital edema, 174–75 amebic dysentery, 19–21 periostitis, 363 ascariasis, 42, 255 peripartum cardiac failure, 160 Chagas’ disease, 70–71 peripleumonin, 257

402

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

peritonitis in histoplasmosis, 164 in amebic dysentery, 20 history, 256–58 in gonorrhea, 150 in influenza, 178 in inflammatory bowel disease, 175 interstitial, 85 in puerperal fever, 266 in Legionnaires’ disease, 189–91 in trichinosis, 335 in lupus erythematosus, 200 pernicious anemia, 22 malnutrition and, 262 pernicious malaria, 350 in measles, 212, 253 pertussis, 325, 360–62 moist vs. dry, 257 el peste, 365 pneumocystic, 1–2, 254–55 petechial rash, 84 in Q fever, 267–68 pharyngitis, 85, 288, 304 in relapsing fever, 276 pheochromocytoma, 170 in scrub typhus, 356 Phlebotomus, 181, 192 streptococcal, 304 Phlebotomus verrucarum, 68 in tetanus, 324 phlegmon, 122 in trichinosis, 335 phlyctenular conjunctivitis, 232 in tularemia, 344 phthisis, 72, 339–40. See also tuberculosis in whooping cough, 360 pica, 72, 188, 247–50 pneumonic plague, 49, 61 Pichinde virus, 38 pneumonitis, 255, 287. See also pneumonia pinta, 250–51, 317–18, 333, 362 Pneumovirus, 239 pinworms, 116 pokkuri, 311 placentitis, 268 poliomyelitis, 258–61 plague. See also bubonic plague AIDS and vaccinations for, 6 cause of, 345 characteristics, 258–60 decline in leprosy and, 195 hepatitis A virus and, 172 ergotism and, 120 history, 260–61 pneumonia in, 255 late effects of polio, 260 sweating sickness and, 311 meningitis and, 214, 258 Plague of Athens, 251–54 vaccines, 6, 259–61 plaque, dental, 245 “Polish fever,” 331 plaque of demyelination, 221–22 polyarthritis, 40–41, 278. See also arthritis Plasmodium, 203–4, 265 polyarticular gout, 41 Plasmodium falciparum, 25, 108, 203–6, polydactyly, 140 300 polygraph, invention of, 157 Plasmodium malariae, 203–4 polymyositis, 226 Plasmodium ovale, 203–4 Pontiac fever, 188–90, 255 Plasmodium vivax, 203–4 pork tapeworm, 320 pleurisy, 257, 335 porotic hyperostosis, 26 pleuropneumonia, 200 post-menopausal osteoporosis, 237–38 pleuropulmonary tularemia, 344 postoperative synergistic gangrene, 137 plumbism. See lead poisoning Pott’s disease, 137 pneumococcal infection, 256 Powassan virus encephalitis, 37 pneumocystic pneumonia, 1, 2, 254–55 Praomys jacksoni, 39 Pneumocystis carinii, 254 Praomys natalensis, 39, 184 pneumonia, 255–58 prednisone, 200 in African trypanosomiasis, 9 preeclampsia, 111 antisera, 258 pregnancy, diseases during in ascariasis, 42 candida infection, 132 aspiration, 327 conjunctivitis, 231 bronchopneumonia, 70, 255, 327 cytomegalovirus, 84–85 characteristics, 255–56 Ebola, 108 cold temperatures and, 256 ergotism, 120 in cytomegalovirus infection, 85 erysipelas, 122 dropsy and, 103 gestational diabetes, 88, 91 in encephalitis lethargica, 115 gonorrhea, 150

403

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

pregnancy, diseases during (continued ) Pseudomonas, 214 herpes simplex Psilocybe, 133 HIV-2 infection, 161 psoriasis, 194, 251 hookworm infection, 166 ptosis, 226–27 infectious hepatitis, 174 pudendagra, 315 Japanese B encephalitis, 182 puerperal erysipelas, 122 Lyme disease, 202 puerperal fever, 265–67, 304–5 malaria, 205 puerperal sepsis, 122, 265–66, 304 mumps, 223 “puking disease,” 218 pica, 247–50 Pulex irritans, 61 polio, 259–60 pulmonary anthrax, 29–30. See also anthrax preeclampsia and eclampsia, 111–12 “pulmonary apoplexy,” 32 puerperal fever, 265–67 pulmonary disease, 83 rubella, 286–87 pulmonary edema, 100, 103 streptococcal infections, 305 pulmonary fibrosis, 40 syphilis, 313 pulmonary heart disease, 101 tetanus, 324 pulmonary tuberculosis, 337–38, 340. See also toxoplasmosis, 330–31 tuberculosis presclerosis. See hypertension punctuate rash, 289 primaquine sensitivity, 24 purpurea epidemica maligna, 289 primary acquired cholesteatoma, 209 pustule maligne, 29 primary hypertensive cardiovascular disease. “putrid malignant fever,” 348 See hypertension pyelonephritis, 170 primary pulmonary histoplasmosis, 163 pyorrhea, 244–47 progressive massive fibrosis, 52 pyorrhea alveolaris, 246 prostate cancer, 65–66 pyrexia, 312 prostate hypertrophy, 357 protease inhibitors, 6 Q protein C deficiency, 57 Q fever, 190, 255, 267–70, 282 protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), 261–65, 329 quadriplegia, 321 protein malnutrition quartan malaria, 204 ascariasis and, 42 Queensland tick-typhus, 285 diabetes and, 90 quinacrine, 200 history, 264–65 “quintan fever,” 331 kwashiorkor, 261–63 porotic hyperostosis in, 26 R protein C, 57 “rabbit fever,” 343 protein-energy malnutrition, 261–65, 329 rabies, 115, 270–75 protein S, 57 raccoon rabies, 275 urolithiasis, 357–58 rachitis, 281. See also rickets protein S deficiency, 57 radesyge, 318 proteinuria, 111–12, 184 radon gas, 66 Proteus, 214 la rage (rabies), 270–75 protozoan infection, 265 Rainbow family, 43 African trypanosomiasis, 7–13 Ramsey Hunt’s syndrome, 359 amebic dysentery, 19–21 “raspberry tongue,” 289 Chagas’ disease, 70–71, 160 Rats, Lice, and History (Zinsser), 252 classification, 265 Rattus rattus, 61 giardiasis, 93, 144 Raynaud’s syndrome, 136–37 leishmaniasis, 191–92 recombinant DNA techniques, 142–43 in malaria, 203–7 recurrent herpes, 161 pneumocystic pneumonia, 1, 2, 254–55 red-cell aplasia, 299 toxoplasmosis, 330–31 “red measles,” 211–14 pruritis, 228 “red-water fever,” 290 Pseudallescheria boydii, 131 “regional gastritis,” 178 pseudohypertrophy, 225 relapsing fever, 275–77

404

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

“renal apoplexy,” 32 Rift Valley fever, 38 renal artery stenosis, 170 Riggs’ disease, 246 renal failure, 111, 154, 185 right heart failure, 79 renal-stone disease, 357 “right-sided colitis,” 178 respiratory failure, 225 right ventricular failure, 101 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), 239 Rig Veda, 358 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), rinderpest, 212 142 ringworm, 128–30, 251 reticulocytosis, 68 risus sardonicus, 324, 327 retroviruses, 3. See also acquired immune “river blindness” (onchocerciasis), 228–30 deficiency syndrome Rochalima quintana, 331 reverse transcriptase (RT), 6 Rocio virus, 36 Reye’s syndrome, 115 Rockefeller Foundation, 168, 292, 369 rheumatic diseases (lupus), 199–201 Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 282–85 rheumatic fever, 277–80 rossalia, 213, 289 characteristics, 277, 279–80 rotavirus, 93 dropsy and, 101 Rotheln, 287 history, 278–79, 305 roundworms, 227–28. See also nematode infection rheumatic heart disease in, 159, 277–80 rubella, 89, 214, 285–87 scarlet fever and, 288–89 rubeola, 211–14. See also measles streptococcal infection and, 304–5 Rubivirus, 286 “rheumatic gout,” 40 Russia rheumatism, 39–42, 155. See also osteoarthritis; botulism, 58 rheumatic fever; rheumatoid arthritis cholera, 75–76 rheumatismus nodosus, 40 diabetes, 90 rheumatoid arthritis, 39–42, 53, 137, 201, 227 dracunculiasis, 100 “rheumatoid osteoarthritis,” 40 echinococcosis, 110 rhinitis, 286 ergotism, 120–121 rhinopharyngitis mutilans (gangosa), 362–63 fungus poisoning, 133 rhinosporidiosis, 132 giardiasis, 144 Rhinosporidium seeberi, 132 influenza, 180 Rhipicephalus sanguineus, 283, 285 leptospirosis, 196 riboflavin deficiency, 45 Lyme disease, 201 rickets, 26, 280–82, 329–30 meningitis, 216 Rickettsia, 282 mumps, 224 Rickettsia akari, 285 ophthalmia, 230, 234 Rickettsia australis, 285 Paget’s disease of bone, 240 Rickettsia burnetii, 269 poliomyelitis, 260 Rickettsia conorii, 285 rabies, 273 Rickettsia diaporica, 269 relapsing fever, 277 rickettsiae, 190 rickets, 281 rickettsial diseases, 282–83 ringworm, 129 epidemic typhus, 352–55 smallpox, 301 murine typhus, 282, 352, 355 tapeworm infection, 320 pneumonia in, 255 tuberculosis, 342 Q fever, 190, 255, 267–70, 282 tularemia, 343–345 Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 282–85 typhus, epidemic, 354 scrub typhus, 282–83, 355–56 urolithiasis, 357–358 trench fever, 282, 331 “Russian flu,” 180. See also influenza rickettsialpox, 285 “Russian intermittent fever,” 331 Rickettsia mooseri, 355 Russian spring-summer encephalitis (RSSE), 37–38 Rickettsia prowazekii, 352–54, 355 Rickettsia rickettsii, 283–84 S Rickettsia siberica, 285 “sacred disease,” 118–19 Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, 356 “sacred fire,” 122, 288 Rickettsia typhi, 355 safura, 249

405

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

St. Louis encephalitis, 36 serosal meningitis, 196 Saint Anthony’s fire, 120–21, 122, 136, 287–88 serotonin, 242 “saint’s fire,” 120 “serous apoplexy,” 31 Saint Vitus’ dance (Sydenham’s chorea), 168, 277, sexually transmitted diseases. See also acquired 278 immune deficiency syndrome Salmonella, 43, 93, 345 cervix cancer as, 67 Salmonella typhi, 345–47, 349, 351 gonorrhea, 150–53, 232 salmonellosis, 68, 345–46 hepatitis B, 172 salt intake, 67, 169–70 herpes genitalis, 161–62 salt-sensitive hypertension, 170 syphilis, 312–17 sampling error, 322 venereal warts, 316 sang de rate, 29 “shaking palsy” (Parkinson’s disease), 114–15, “sanguinous apoplexy,” 31 240–41 “Sao˜ Paulo typhus” (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), “shank fever,” 331 282–85 Shigella, 43–44, 105 sarcoma, 63 Shigella boydii, 43 sarcomatous degeneration, 239 Shigella dysenteriae, 43–44 saturnine gout, 185 Shigella flexneri, 43 scabies, 263 Shigella sonnei, 43–44 scarlet fever, 288–90 shigellosis, 43, 93 characteristics, 288–89 “shin fever,” 331 chickenpox and, 359 shingles, 359 diphtheria and, 289, 305 ship beriberi, 298 erysipelas and, 121 “ship fever,” 352 glomerulonephritis in, 144–46 shock, 215, 256, 312, 347 history, 289–90 Shosin beriberi, 45 streptococcus infection, 304–5 “sibbens,” 318, 364 Schick test, 96 Siberian tick-typhus, 285 Schistosoma, 290 “Siberian ulcer,” 345 Schistosoma haematobium, 290–92 sickle-cell anemia, 298–300 Schistosoma japonicum, 290–91 characteristics, 299 Schistosoma mansoni, 160, 290–92 discovery of, 142 schistosome dermatitis, 291 functional asplenia in, 256 schistosomiasis, 167, 290–92, 357 gallstones in, 134 schverbaujck, 295 history, 24–25, 299–300 scleroderma, 137 malaria and, 125, 205, 300 sclerosis, 246 red blood cell metabolism, 22 scopolamine, 241 sickle-cell trait and, 142 scorbuck, 295 sickle-cell trait, 24–25, 142, 298–300 scrofula, 147, 193, 292–94, 339 “sick stomach,” 218 scrotal cancer, 64 silver nitrate, 232 scrub typhus, 282–83, 355–56 simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), 5 scurvy, 120, 295–98, 349 simian T lymphotropic virus (STLV)-III, 3 secondary acquired cholesteatoma, 209 Simulium, 228–30 secondary gout, 153 Simulium damnosum, 229 secondary syphilis, 313 “sinking typhus,” 215 seizures, 116–19, 324. See also epilepsy sinusitis, 178 senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), sitomania, 27 17–18 skerljevo, 319 senile gangrene, 137 skin cancer, 66, 281 senile osteoporosis, 237 skunk rabies, 275 sepsis, 304, 326 sleeping sickness, 7–13 septic angina, 133 “sleepy distemper,” 9 septicemia, 30, 59, 120, 132 sliding hiatus hernia, 106 septicemic plague, 49, 62 “slows/sloes,” 218–19 sequestration crisis, 299 smallpox, 300–4

406

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

AIDS and vaccines for, 6 leprosy, 193 characteristics, 300–1 leptospirosis, 196 chickenpox and, 359 malaria, 204, 206–207 eradication, 303–4 mycoses, 130–132 ergotism and, 120 onchocerciasis, 228 eye diseases in, 234 ophthalmia, 230 hepatitis and vaccines for, 171 Paget’s disease of bone, 238 history, 301–4 paragonimiasis, 240 introduction to North America, 206 pica, 249 measles and, 212, 301 pinta, 250–251 as Plague of Athens, 252, 253 poliomyelitis, 261 vaccine, 302–4 rabies, 274 variolation, 302–4 ringworm, 129 Smallpox Eradication Programme, 303 Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 284–285 smoking scarlet fever, 289 arteriosclerosis and, 137 schistosomiasis, 290–291 cancer and, 65–66 syphilis, 313 Crohn’s disease and, 176 tapeworm infection, 320 emphysema and, 113 trichinosis, 334 heart disease and, 160 tuberculosis, 338 osteoporosis and, 237 tularemia, 343 “snail fever,” 290 yaws, 362, 364 snakeroot poison, 218–20 yellow fever, 36, 366–369 sofersa, 213 South Asia soldier’s heart, 158–59 AIDS, 5 “South African tick-bite fever,” 285 ainhum, 14 South America amebic dysentery, 20 ainhum, 14 anemia, 25–26 anemia, 26 arthritis, 41 anthrax, 30 ascariasis, 42 arenaviruses, 38 beriberi, 46 ascariasis, 42 Black Death, 49 beriberi, 46–47 brucellosis, 59 bleeding disorders, 56 bubonic plague, 63 Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, 39 cholera, 74–77 brucellosis, 59 diabetes, 89, 92 bubonic plague, 63 dracunculiasis, 98–100 Carrion’s´ disease, 68 encephalitides, 36 Chagas’ disease, 70–7 fasciolopsiasis, 123 cholera, 77 favism, 124 dengue, 86 filariasis, 125–127 diabetes, 92 fungus infections, 131–132 encephalitides, 37–38 G6PD deficiency, 23 fascioliasis, 123 histoplasmosis, 163 filariasis, 127 hookworm infection, 165–167 fungus poisoning, 133–134 infectious hepatitis, 172 gallstones, 135 lead poisoning, 186 glomerulonephritis, 145 leishmaniasis, 191–192 goiter, 148 leprosy, 192–193, 195 heart-related diseases, 160 malaria, 204 herpes simplex, 161 ophthalmia, 230 histoplasmosis, 163 osteoporosis, 238 hookworm infection, 166–167 paragonimiasis, 240 hypertension, 170–171 pellagra, 244 influenza, 180 pica, 249 leishmaniasis, 191–192 poliomyelitis, 261

407

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

South Asia (continued ) spinal hyperostosis, 41 rabies, 271 spinal tuberculosis, 338 relapsing fever, 275–276 Spirometra, 319 smallpox, 303 spleen, in sickle-cell anemia, 299 tapeworm infection, 319 splenic apoplexy (anthrax), 29–31 trichinosis, 334 splenic fever (anthrax), 29–31 tuberculosis, 339 splenic infarction, 299 typhomalarial fever, 349 splenomegaly, 268, 276, 349 typhus, scrub, 356 sporadic goiter, 147 urolithiasis, 357–358 Sporothrix schenckii, 131 whooping cough, 361 sporotrichosis, 131 yaws, 362, 365 “spotted fever,” 214–15, 283–85, 352 Southeast Asia “spotted typhus” (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), AIDS, 5 282–85 ainhum, 14 staphylococcal infection, 253 amebic dysentery, 20 Staphylococcus aureus, 81–82, 93, 137 ascariasis, 42 starchy dystrophy (kwashiorkor), 261–64 beriberi, 45–46, 48–49 status thymico-lymphaticus, 309 bubonic plague, 61 Stegomyia fasciata, 365 cholera, 75–77 stenosis, 126 clonorchiasis, 81 sterility, 150, 223, 300 dengue, 35–36, 87–88 stethoscope, invention of, 157 diabetes, 90 “stiff joints,” 218 fasciolopsiasis, 123 Stokes-Adams disease, 157 filariasis, 125, 127 stomach cancer, 65, 67 G6PD deficiency, 23 Stomoxys calcitrans, 343 histoplasmosis, 163 “strangers’ fever,” 366 hookworm infection, 166 streptococcal diseases, 304–5 influenza, 180 diphtheria, 94–96 Japanese B encephalitis, 181 dropsy and, 101 lead poisoning, 186 erysipelas, 121–22 leishmaniasis, 191 gangrene, 136–38, 137 leprosy, 193 history, 305 malaria, 205 as Plague of Athens, 252 ophthalmia, 230 poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, 145–46 paragonimiasis, 240 puerperal fever, 265–67, 304–5 pica, 250 rheumatic fever, 159, 277–80 protein–energy malnutrition, 264–265 scarlet fever, 288–90 relapsing fever, 275 Streptococci classification, 304–5 schistosomiasis, 290, 292 streptococcal endocarditis, 304–5 smallpox, 301 streptococcal pharyngitis, 277 sudden unexplained death syndrome, 309–311 streptococcal tonsillitis, 83, 94, 288–89 syphilis, 313–314 Streptococcus (Diplococcus) pneumoniae, 81–82, 214, typhoid fever, 346 255–57 typhus, murine, 355 Streptococcus pyogenes, 82, 121–22, 137 typhus, scrub, 356 Streptococcus viridans, 305 urolithiasis, 357 Streptothrix madurae, 131 yaws, 362 stress, 106–7, 170, 263 “southern typhoid fever,” 351 stroke, 17, 31–34, 202 sowda (onchocerciasis), 228–30 Strongyloides f ¨ulleborni, 206 “Spanish flu,” 180–81. See also influenza Strongyloides stercoralis, 206 sparaganosis, 319 strongyloidiasis, 306 spasmodic croup, 81–83 strumae, 147, 293–94 sphingolipidoses, 320 subarachnoid hemorrhage, 276 sphygmomanometer invention, 170 subluxation, 236 “spinal apoplexy,” 32 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), 58, 306–9

408

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-53026-2 - The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease Edited by Kenneth F. Kiple Index More information

Subject Index

sudden unexplained death syndrome (SUDS), Texas cattle fever, 312 309–11 Texas redwater fever, 35 sudor anglicus, 311–12 thalassemia, 22, 26, 125 suffocative angina, 83. See also diphtheria thalassemia minor, 22 sulfa drugs, 217 thiamine deficiency (beriberi), 44–49 sunlight, rickets and, 281–82 “three-day measles,” 285–87 surgical erysipelas, 122 thrifty gene theory, 135 “swamp fever,” 196 throat distemper epidemic, 94 “swamp sickness,” 218 thromboangiitis obliterans, 137 sweating sickness, 276, 311–12 thrombophlebitis, 266 “swimmer’s itch,” 291 thrombosis, 54, 56–57, 137 “swineherd’s disease,” 196 thrush, 128, 130 Sydenham’s chorea, 168, 277, 278 thryoid, enlarged, 146. See also goiter sylvan yellow fever, 365 thymic enlargement, 309 symmetrical erosive polyarthritis, 41 thymoma, 226 symptomatic fevers, 350 thyroid cancer, 66, 147 syncope, 102, 157 thyroid conditions, 47, 72, 98, 147–48, 226–27, synovitis, 236 237 syphilis, 312–19 thyroiditis, 147, 227 characteristics, 313–14 tick-borne relapsing fever, 275–77 encephalitis lethargica and, 115 tick-borne typhus (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), eye diseases in, 234 282–85 history, 315–17 tick spotted typhus (Rocky Mountain spotted nonvenereal, 317–19, 332 fever), 282–85 similarity to gonorrhea, 152 tina, 250 similarity to herpes simplex, 162 tinea, 128–30 similarity to leprosy, 194 tinea canis, 129 similarity to Lyme disease, 201 tinea capitis, 129, 132 similarity to pinta, 250 tinea corporis, 129 stages, 313 tinea cruris, 129 unitarian vs. nonunitarian theory, 313–14, 318, tinea imbricata, 129 332–33 tinea pedis, 129 yaws and, 313–14, 317–18, 362–64 tinnitus, 210 syphilitic chancre, 162, 314 “tires,” 218 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 199–201, “Tobia petechia fever” (Rocky Mountain spotted 226 fever), 282–85 tonic rigidity, 310 T tonic seizures, 324 tabardillo, 284, 352 tonsillitis, 288 tabes dorsalis, 314 Torula histolytica, 132 Tacaribe virus, 38, 184 toxemia, 110, 300, 335 tachycardia, 102, 166, 277 toxicosis, pica and, 248 tachypnea, 101 toxic-shock syndrome, 253 Taenia saginata, 319–20 Toxoplasma gondii, 2, 330 Taenia solium, 319–20 toxoplasmosis, 330–31 Talmud, 358 trachoma, 230–33 tapeworm infection, 110, 319–20 “trail typhus” (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), tartar, dental, 245 282–85 tartar emetic, 257 transcient ischemic attacks (TIAs), 32 tau protein, 18–19 translocation Down syndrome, 96 Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), 320–23 transovarial transmission (TOT), 37 Tenebrio, 320 traumatic erysipelas, 122 tenesmus, 44, 92 travelers’ diarrhea, 92, 144 tertiary yaws, 364 trematodes, 290, 331 tetanus, 99, 323–26 trembles, 218–19 tetany, 328–30 tremetol poisoning, 218–20

409

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Subject Index

tremor, 240–41 eye diseases in, 234 trench fever, 282, 331 history, 159, 338–42 Treponema carateum, 250–51, 313, 331 intestinal, 178 Treponema pallidum, 202, 250–51, 312–14, 317–18, leprosy and, 193 331, 363 lupus and, 200 Treponema pertenue, 217, 251, 331, 362–63 malnutrition and, 262 treponematoses, 331–33 meningitis and, 214, 338 nonvenereal syphilis, 317–19 miliary, 337–38 pinta, 250–51, 317–18, 333, 362 pneumonia in, 255 syphilis, 312–19 pulmonary, 337–38, 340 taxonomy, 250, 363–64 scrofula and, 292–94 unitarian vs. nonunitarian theory, 313–14, 318, similarity to histoplasmosis, 163–65 332–33 spinal, 338 yaws, 313–14, 317–18, 332–33, 362–65 Tay-Sachs disease and, 322 Triatoma, 71 treatment, 337, 341–42 trichiasis, 231, 233 types, 337 Trichinella spiralis, 333–34 vaccine, 338 trichinosis, 239, 333–36 in Western Europe, 159 trichophagia, 247 tularemia, 252, 255, 342–45 Trichophyton, 129 Turner’s syndrome, 143 Trichophyton concentricum, 129 typhoidal tularemia, 344 Trichophyton ferrugineum, 129 typhoid fever, 345–49 Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 129 characteristics, 345–47 Trichophyton rubrum, 129 Ebola virus misdiagnosis as, 107 Trichophyton schoenleinii, 129 history, 347–49, 350 Trichophyton verrucosum, 130 paratyphoid fever, 345 Trichophyton violaceum, 129 similarity to pneumonia, 256 trichophytosis, 129 similarity to relapsing fever, 276 trichuriasis, 336 similarity to trichinosis, 336 Trichuris trichiura, 335, 336 similarity to tularemia, 343 trismus, 324, 327 “southern,” 351 trismus nascentium, 326 “Typhoid Mary,” 348–49 trisomy, 96, 143 as typhus-like fevers, 350–52, 354 tropical chlorosis, 166. See also hookworm typhomalarial fever, 71, 349–52 infection typhus, 352–55 tropical diabetes, 88, 90–91. See also diabetes Brill’s disease and, 353 mellitus characteristics, 352–53 “tropical dysentery,” 21 continued fevers as, 350 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, 7–9 Cox vaccine, 354 Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, 7–9 epidemic, 352–55 trypanosomes, 7–8, 70–71 ergotism and, 120 trypanosomiasis, 7–13, 192. See also African murine, 282, 352, 355 trypanosomiasis as Plague of Athens, 252 Trypanosomiasis cruzi, 70–71 relapsing fever and, 275 tsara’ath, 194. See also leprosy scrub, 282–83, 355–56 tsetse flies, 7–8, 11–12. See also African similarity to relapsing fever, 276 trypanosomiasis similarity to trench fever, 331 tsutsugamushi, 282–83, 355–56 sweating sickness and, 311 tubercular meningitis, 338 typhoid fever and, 348–52, 354 tuberculoid leprosy, 193–94 typhus exanthematicus, 352 tuberculosis, 336–42 typhus historique, 352 avian and bovine, 193, 337 typus cerebralis, 214 Carrion’s´ disease and, 68 characteristics, 336–38 U chlorosis and, 72 ulcerative colitis, 175–78 current situation, 342 ulcerative conjunctivitis, 344

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Subject Index

ulcerative plantar papules, 362 milk sickness, 218–220 ulceroglandular infection, 343–44 multiple sclerosis, 220–222 umbilical hernia, 327 mumps, 223–224 undulant fever, 58–60 myasthenia gravis, 225 United States. See also North America mycoses, 130–131 AIDS, 1–5 ophthalmia, 234 Alzheimer’s disease, 14, 18 osteoarthritis, 235 amebic dysentery, 20 osteoporosis, 237–238 anemia, 26 Paget’s disease of bone, 238–240 bacillary dysentery, 43, 44 pellagra, 242, 244 beriberi, 46 pica, 247, 249–250 black and brown lung disease, 53 pneumonia, 258 bleeding disorders, 55–57 poliomyelitis, 259–261 botulism, 58 puerperal fever, 267 bubonic plague, 61 Q fever, 268–270 cancer, 65–66 rabies, 271, 274–275 Chagas’ disease, 70 relapsing fever, 276–277 cholera, 75–77 rheumatic fever, 279–280 cirrhosis, 79 rickets, 282 croup, 83 Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 283–285 cystic fibrosis, 84 rubella, 286 cytomegalovirus infection, 85 scarlet fever, 288–289 dengue, 35–36, 86 schistosomiasis, 291 diabetes, 89–91 scurvy, 296–297 diphtheria, 94 sickle-cell anemia, 299 Down syndrome, 98 strokes, 32–33 dropsy, 101 strongyloidiasis, 306 Ebola virus, 108–109 sudden infant death syndrome, 306 eclampsia, 111 sudden unexplained death syndrome, encephalitis lethargica, 115 309–310 epilepsy, 116 syphilis, 313, 315 ergotism, 120–121 tapeworm infection, 320 favism, 124 Tay-Sachs disease, 323 filariasis, 127 tetanus, 325 giardiasis, 144 tetanus, neonatal, 326 glomerulonephritis, 145 toxoplasmosis, 331 goiter, 148 trichinosis, 334–336 gonorrhea, 151–152 trichuriasis, 336 G6PD deficiency, 23 tuberculosis, 339–342 heart-related diseases, 159–160 tularemia, 343–345 histoplasmosis, 163–164 typhoid fever, 346–349 hookworm infection, 165–168 typhomalarial fever, 349–352 Huntington’s disease, 169 typhus, epidemic, 354 hypertension, 170 typhus, murine, 355 infectious hepatitis, 173 typhus, scrub, 356 infectious mononucleosis, 174 yellow fever, 36, 367–369 inflammatory bowel disease, 176 “Universal Plague,” 49 influenza, 180 urban yellow fever, 365. See also yellow fever La Crosse virus, 37 uric acid, gout and, 153–56 lead poisoning, 187–188 urolithiasis, 357–58 Legionnaires’ disease, 189–190 uterine cancer, 65 lupus erythematosus, 201 uterine hemorrhage, 102 Lyme disease, 201, 203 malaria, 204, 206–207 V measles, 214 valley fever, 130 meningitis, 215–216 valvular damage, 159

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Subject Index

valvular disease, 101, 278–79 Willimas trait, 55 varicella, 85, 255 Wilson’s disease, 80 varicella-zoster virus disease, 162, 359–60 “Wolhynian fever,” 331 Variola major, 300 woolsorters’ disease (anthrax), 29–31 Variola minor, 300, 303 World Health Organization (WHO) variolation, 302–4 on African sleeping sickness, 10–11 vascular spasms, 137 cancer classification, 64 vasculitis, 137 Global Program on AIDS, 4 vasoconstriction, 324 gradations of goiter, 147 venereal diseases. See sexually transmitted on horizontal health services, 10 diseases hypertension classification, 169 venereal syphilis. See syphilis influenza identification, 181 venereal warts, 316 malaria eradication campaigns, 207 Venezuelan equine encephalitis, 36, 38 measles vaccinations, 212, 214 venom, gangrene from, 137 neonatal tetanus program, 326, 328 verruga peruana, 67–69 Onchocerciasis Control Programme, 230 vertebral fractures, 237 smallpox eradication, 303 vesicular rickettsiosis, 285 on tuberculosis, 342 Vibrio cholerae, 73, 74, 78 on yaws, 362 Victorian times, 72, 106 wound botulism, 57–58. See also botulism viral conjunctivitis, 231 “wrist drop,” 185 viremia, 184, 259, 365 Wuchereria bancrofti, 125–28 “virgin’s disease,” 23 virgin-soil epidemic, 252–54 X virus amaril, 365 Xenopsylla cheopis, 61, 355 virus croup, 83 X-ray photographs, 341 visceral leishmaniasis, 191 vitamins. See also deficiency diseases; diet Y B vitamins, 22, 242, 357 yatobyo, 343 vitamin A, 121, 263, 357 yaws, 313–14, 317–18, 332–33, 362–65 vitamin B6,357 yellow fever, 365–69 vitamin B12,22 characteristics, 282–83, 365–66 vitamin C, 295–98 encephalitis lethargica and, 115 vitamin D, 237, 280–82, 329–30 eradication efforts, 369 vitiligo, 250 hepatitis from, 171 vomito negro, 365 similarity to Ebola virus disease, 108 von Willebrand’s disease, 55, 57 similarity to Marburg virus disease, 207 similarity to relapsing fever, 276 W transmission, 35, 36 “water fever,” 196 vaccine, 36, 38, 173, 369 water itch (hookworm infection), 165 vector control, 37 weakness, in myasthenia gravis, 226–27 Yellow Fever Commission, 369 weaning, timing of, 262–63 “yellow jack,” 365 “Weil’s disease,” 195–96 Yersinia, 43, 93 Wernicke’s encephalopathy, 46 Yersinia pestis, 49, 60–62 western equine encephalitis, 36 West Nile virus, 36 Z Whipple, George H., 22 zara’ath, 194. See also leprosy whooping cough, 360–62 Ziegenpeter, 224

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