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52195-001: Priority River Basins Flood Risk Management Project Priority River Basins Flood Risk Management Project (RRP NEP 52195) Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 52195-001 June 2020 Nepal: Priority River Basins Flood Risk Management Project (Mohana–Khutiya River) Prepared by Water Resources Project Preparatory Facility, Department of Water Resources and Irrigation for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination (IEE) is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AP – Affected Person CAMC – Conservation Area Management Committee CBDRM – Community Based Disaster Risk Management CFUG – Community Forestry User’s Group CITES – Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species CO – Carbon Monoxide COVID-19 – coronavirus disease DFO – District Forest Office DWIDM – Department of Water Induced Disaster Management DWRI – Department of Water Resources and Irrigation EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan EPA – Environmental Protection Act EPR – Environmental Protection Regulation FFEWS – Flood Forecasting and Early Warning System FGD – Focus Group Discussion FHRMP – Flood Hazard Mapping and Risk Management Project GHG – Green House Gas GRC – Grievance Redress Committee GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism IEE – Initial Environmental Examination ILO – International Labour Organization LPG – Liquefied Petroleum Gas MEA – Multilateral Environmental Agreements MOFE – Ministry of Forest and Environment MEWRI – Ministry of Energy, Water Resources and Irrigation NAPA – National Adaptation Plan of Action NAP – National Adaptation Plan NDC – Nationally Determined Contribution OHS – Occupational Health and Safety RCP – Representative Concentration Pathways REDD – Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation SEA – Strategic Environmental Assessment SEMP – site-specific environmental management plan SNC – Second National Communication SRES – Special Report on Emission Scenarios TOR – Terms of Reference TSP – Total Suspended Particulates UNFCCC – United Nations’ Framework Convention on Climate Change UNCBD – United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity WRPPF – Water Resources Project Preparatory Facility WUA – Water User’s Association CONTENTS Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 A. Background and Purpose of the Report .............................................................. 1 B. Objective ............................................................................................................. 1 C. Methodology for the Initial Environmental Examination Study ............................. 2 D. IEE Study Team .................................................................................................. 2 II. Review of Policy and Legislative Framework .............................................................. 3 A. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 ........................................................... 3 B. National Laws, Policies, Acts and Rules ............................................................. 4 C. Multilateral Environmental Agreements ............................................................... 9 III. Description of Project Proposal ................................................................................. 11 A. Project Location and Study Area ........................................................................11 B. Description of Site and Surroundings .................................................................12 C. Priority River Protection Works ..........................................................................12 D. Flood Forecasting and Early Warning Systems (FFEWS) and Flood Shelters ...15 E. Clearance of Vegetation.....................................................................................22 F. Machines to be used ..........................................................................................22 G. Energy to be used ..............................................................................................22 H. Area of Land Required .......................................................................................22 I. Public Infrastructure to be Affected ....................................................................22 J. Source and Quantity of Construction Materials ..................................................22 K. Human Resources Required ..............................................................................23 IV. Description of Environment (Baseline Data) ............................................................. 25 A. Physical Environment ........................................................................................25 B. Biological Environment.......................................................................................31 C. Socio-economic Environment.............................................................................33 V. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ................................. 37 A. Anticipated Beneficial Impacts ...........................................................................37 B. Anticipated Adverse Environmental Impacts ......................................................38 VI. Analysis of Alternatives .............................................................................................. 52 A. No Project Alternative ........................................................................................52 B. Locational Alternatives .......................................................................................52 C. Technology Alternatives .....................................................................................52 VII. Information Disclosure, Consultation, and Participation ......................................... 55 A. Methodology in Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation ..............55 B. Summary of Comments and Suggestions Received from Local Governments and Communities ......................................................................................................55 C. Consultations and Information Disclosure During Implementation ......................57 VIII. Institutional Arrangement and Grievance Redress Mechanism ............................... 59 A. Institutional Arrangement ...................................................................................59 B. The Grievance Redress Mechanism ..................................................................59 C. Other Dispute Redress Mechanisms ..................................................................61 IX. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan .................................................... 62 A. Environmental Monitoring Plan ..........................................................................62 B. Environmental Management Plan ......................................................................62 X. Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 75 References .............................................................................................................................. 76 Annexes ............................................................................................................................... 77 Annex I: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist ....................................................78 Annex II: Section of Embankments, Revetments and Spurs ..........................................81 Annex III: Consultation During Field Survey ..................................................................84 Annex IV: Notices and Recommendations from local ....................................................85 Annex V: Attendance and Minute of Consultation Meeting .......................................... 105 Annex VI: Quotation for Environmental Quality Monitoring .......................................... 121 Annex VII: Environmental Codes of Practice ............................................................... 123 Annex VIII: Outline of Environmental Due Diligence Report (DDR) .............................. 129 Annex IX: Standard Construction Contract Environmental Clauses ............................. 130 Annex X: Nepal’s Drinking Water Quality Standards .................................................... 134 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1: Policy and Legislative Frameworks of Government of Nepal ...................................... 4 Table 3-1: Salient Features of the Proposal .............................................................................. 12 Table 3-2: Proposed river training works ................................................................................... 14 Table 3-3: Estimated Quantity of Construction Materials ..........................................................
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