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Retroactive News.2017 Newsletter of the Center for Retrovirus Research at The Ohio State University 2017 Highlights Dr. Li Wu awarded NIH R01 to study how RNA modifications modulate retroviral infection Dr. Li Wu has been awarded a replication in CD4+ T-cells by affecting the structure, new $1.42 million R01 grant from stability, splicing, and/or trafficking of HIV-1 RNA. NIH to investigate how HIV-1 Investigations of the HIV-1 RNA m6A modification and RNA modifications modulate viral interactions with host proteins represent a new area infection. of HIV-1 RNA biology which can potentially facilitate In this project, Dr. Wu and his therapeutic development against HIV-1 infection. collaborators will study the Dr. Wu’s collaborators in this project include Dr. Chuan molecular mechanisms by which He at University of Chicago and Howard Hughes Medical 6 6 N -methyladenosine (m A) Institute, Drs. Karin Musier-Forsyth and Mark Foster at modification of HIV-1 RNA regulates The Ohio State University, and Dr. Mamuka Kvaratskhelia viral replication in CD4+ T-cells. They hypothesize that at the University of Colorado. reversible m6A modification of HIV-1 RNA regulates viral Dr. Namal Liyanage, PhD joins the Ohio State faculty and the CRR Dr. Namal Liyanage was recruited during the ALVAC-SIV prime boost vaccination strategy to join the Departments of Microbial in collaboration with Dr. Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, at Case Infection and Immunity and Western Reserve University. Veterinary Biosciences, and the Dr. Liyanage is the recipient of a 2016 NIH career Center for Retrovirus Research transition grant (K22 Award). Dr. Liyanage’s lab at Ohio (CRR), as part of the university’s State mainly focuses on understanding the role of the Discovery Themes initiative. innate and adaptive immune systems during chronic Dr. Liyanage received his viral infections and development of novel strategies to postdoctoral training with Dr. Genoveffa Franchini at prevent and control chronic viral infections, such as HIV. the NIH, followed by a research fellow position in the His lab currently is conducting studies to understand laboratory of Immune Biology and Retroviral section the role of NK/ILCs and innate memory in the RV144 HIV under Dr. Marjorie Robert-Guroff in the Vaccine Branch vaccine strategy, exploring the regulatory role of NK/ILCs at NCI. During his post-doctoral training, Dr. Liyanage on B and T cells during vaccines and discovery of novel studied the role of NK and mucosal innate lymphoid cells adjuvants that enhance HIV vaccine efficacy. (ILCs) in HIV/SIV pathogenesis and vaccines. His laboratory is also conducting research on Dr. Liyanage was a member of the team that understanding the immunopathology of HIV/TB, HIV/ recapitulated the RV144 clinical trial, the first human HCV and HIV/Zika co-infections and Dengue infection vaccine trial to show limited but significant protection by collaborating with several national and international from HIV acquisition in rhesus macaques. In a separate academic and industrial partners. Welcome Namal! study, he investigated the innate gene regulation vet.osu.edu/retrovirus-research 1 Dr. Li Wu was elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Center member, Dr. Li Wu, Professor in the Department of the honor of Fellow in recognition of their scientific Veterinary Biosciences, has been elected as a Fellow of or socially distinguished efforts to advance science the AAAS for his distinguished contributions to the field or its applications. Four Ohio State faculty members of molecular virology, particularly for the mechanisms of were among 396 AAAS members who received the HIV replication and the virus interactions with host cells. prestigious honor this year. vet.osu.edu/about-us/news/ Election as an AAAS Fellow is a prestigious honor dr-wu-receives-prestigious-science-honor bestowed upon AAAS members by their peers. New Other Center Members that are AAAS Fellows include; fellows will be presented with an official certificate and Patrick Green, Karin Musier-Forsyth, Michael Oglesbee, a gold and blue rosette pin at the 2018 AAAS Annual Christopher Walker, and Caroline Whitacre. Meeting in Austin, TX in February 2018. Members receive Miguel Lopez selected for prestigious career development opportunity Miguel A. Lopez Jr., a PhD engagement and participation of people from diverse graduate student in Dr. Kristine backgrounds. Yoder’s lab, has been accepted The program includes several components that to the Yale Ciencia Academy are designed to train participants to be successful, (YCA) 2018 career development productive and culturally conscientious scientists. cohort. He is one of only 40 Training culminates with a capstone project where doctoral students nationwide students lead science outreach initiatives in their own selected. communities. This opportunity will allow Miguel to The YCA is a year-long NIH develop as a scientist and learn how to further aid other funded program aimed minority scientists to thrive here at Ohio State. to develop traditionally Miguel is looking forward to making the most of this underrepresented graduate exciting opportunity. Good luck Miguel! students through direct mentoring, peer support and networking. It utilizes STEM networks to enhance the Dr. Shan-Lu Liu named as Co-Director of the Viruses and Emerging Pathogens Program of The Ohio State University’s Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI) Dr. Shan-Lu Liu, a center in this program collaborate with campus, regional, investigator and Professor of national and international colleagues and leaders to the Departments of Veterinary better understand the etiology, transmission, immunity Biosciences, Microbiology, and and pathogenesis of viruses and emerging pathogens, Microbial Infection and Immunity with an ultimate goal of developing innovative and has been selected, along with highly effective strategies for diagnosis, prevention and Dr. Linda Saif, as Co-Director treatment. of the Viruses and Emerging VEP scientists actively work on HIV, HTLV, coronaviruses Pathogens Program (VEP) of the (PEDV, MERS, SARS), Ebola virus, noroviruses, Ohio State IDI. rotaviruses, hepatitis viruses, Zika virus, influenza The IDI was established by the viruses, sea viruses, and more, as well as on animal university in 2017 in order to and plant pathogens that are possible sources of accelerate infectious disease research and education transmission to humans. The research topics in this across campuses. VEP is one of the six thematic program cover the basic virology, immunity, microbiome, programs within the institute, the mission of which is to nutrition, pathogenesis, diagnosis, animal models, facilitate research, training and educational outreach vaccine development, treatment, and more. focused on viruses and emerging pathogens. Scientists Retro-Active News - 2017 Highlights vet.osu.edu/retrovirus-research 2 Dr. Kristine Yoder awarded NIH R01 to investigate the mechanics of retroviral integration in real-time. Dr. Kristine Yoder, Assistant integration analysis, and novel single molecule imaging Professor, Department of techniques to visualize the retroviral integration process Cancer Biology and Genetics in real-time. and member of the Center The specific aims are to 1) detail the target site selection for Retrovirus Research, has process of the PFV intasome, 2) examine the dynamics of received a five-year multi-PI (R. retroviral IN protein and viral cDNA following integration, Fishel) grant of $1.95M from the and 3) determine the influence of defined chromatin on National Institutes of Health. retroviral intasome dynamics and target site selection. Dr. Yoder is utilizing the non- These studies are designed to interrogate the animated pathogenic prototype foamy processes associated with PFV integration to provide a virus (PFV), an unsurpassed quantitative biophysical foundation for retroviral intasome biophysical model for retrovirus progressions. Drs. Musier-Forsyth and Kvaratskhelia receive funding as part of the NIH U54 Collaborative HIV Interaction in Viral Evolution (HIVE) Center The HIVE Center, which To accomplish this goal, the program will explore the was recently renewed structural and biophysical interactions of HIV Gag and for a second 5-year term, Gag-Pol polyproteins, capsid, reverse transcriptase, and comprises a group of highly integrase and their evolutionary relationships. collaborative investigators The Center’s research focus also extends to cellular with deep experience in HIV factors that inform the structural and macromolecular research and well established dynamics of events in reverse transcription, assembly, expertise in structural, and integration and includes studies on how APOBEC3 biophysical, biochemical, and proteins suppress reverse transcription, and the role of computational biology, as well LEDGF in guiding viral integration and its contribution to as synthetic chemistry, and latency in conjunction with CPSF6. virology. The Center is aimed at understanding the system The HIVE Center is directed by Drs. Stefan Sarafianos interdependency of interacting HIV macromolecules and (Emory University) and Bruce Torbett (The Scripps their assemblies, which shape the HIV life cycle. Research Institute). www.scripps.edu/hive_center/index.html Congratulations! Professor Mamuka Kvarastkhelia departed Ohio State in August, 2017 to join the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases. Congratulations Mamuka and we wish you the best in your new position. Retro-Active News - 2017 Highlights
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