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Cusco, Noviembre Del 2007 FINANCIADO POR LA ASOCIACION DE MUNICIPALIDADES DE LA PROVINCIA DE QUISPICANCHI, GOBIERNO REGIONAL CUSCO Y EL PROYECTO DESARROLLO DEL CORREDO PUNO CUSCO ELABORADO POR EL INSTITUTO DE MANEJO DE AGUA Y MEDIOAMBIENTE Y EL CENTRO BARTOLOME DE LAS CASAS CUSCO, NOVIEMBRE DEL 2007 INSTITUCIONES PARTICIPANTES GERENCIA DE PLANIFICACION, PRESUPUESTO Y ACONDICIONAMIENTO TERRITORIAL DEL GOBIERNO REGIONAL ASOCIACION DE MUNICIPALIDADES DE LA PROVINCIA DE QUISPICANCHI PROYECTO ESPECIAL REGIONAL INSTITUTO DE MANEJO DE AGUA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE – IMA PROYECTO ESPECIAL CARRETERA INTEROCENACIA – RUTA 026 PROYECTO CORREDOR PUNO - CUSCO CENTRO DE CAPACITACION AGRO-INDUSTRIAL “JESUS OBRERO” – CCAIJO CONSORCIO INTEROCEANICA – CONIRSA PLAN MERISS INKA CENTRO BARTOLOME DE LAS CASA - CBC CONSORCIO DE ORGANIZACIONES DE APOYO A LA MICRO Y PEQUEÑA EMPRESA – COPEME EQUIPO TECNICO INSTITUTO DE MANEJO DE AGUA Y MEDIO AMBIENTE CENTRO BARTOLOME DE LAS CASAS INDICE INTRODUCCION.......................................................................................................................................... 1 1. MARCO CONCEPTUAL SOBRE LA ZONIFICACION ECOLOGICA ECONOMICA Y EL ORDENAMIENTO TERRITORIAL ........................................................................................................... 2 1.1. EL ORDENAMIENTO TERRITORIAL ........................................................................................ 2 1.2. LA ZONIFICACION ECOLOGICA ECONOMICA- ZEE.............................................................. 3 2. EL ESCENARIO FISICO BIOLOGICO................................................................................................. 4 2.1. CLIMA......................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1.1. METODOLOGÍA .....................................................................................................................5 2.1.2. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS UNIDADES CLIMÁTICAS............................................................... 5 2.2. GEOMORFOLOGÍA ...................................................................................................................8 2.3. FISIOGRAFÍA........................................................................................................................... 10 2.3.1. METODOLOGÍA ................................................................................................................... 10 2.3.2. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS UNIDADES FISIOGRÁFICAS ...................................................... 10 2.4. GEOLOGÍA............................................................................................................................... 17 2.4.1. METODOLOGÍA ................................................................................................................... 17 2.4.2. DESCRIPCIÓN LITOLÓGICA .............................................................................................. 17 2.5. GEODINAMICA EXTERNA ...................................................................................................... 33 2.5.1. TRAMO I: (SAN LORENZO - CAMANTI) ............................................................................. 34 2.5.2. TRAMO II: (CAMANTI – PUENTE CADENA) ...................................................................... 34 2.5.3. TRAMO III: (PUENTE CADENA - MARCAPATA) ................................................................ 35 2.5.4. TRAMO IV: (MARCAPATA - HUALLAHUALLA) .................................................................. 37 2.5.5. TRAMO V: MALLA – OCONGATE....................................................................................... 37 2.5.6. TRAMOVI: OCONGATE – CCATCA.................................................................................... 38 2.5.7. TRAMO VII: CCATCA – PIÑIPAMPA................................................................................... 39 2.6. HIDROGRAFÍA......................................................................................................................... 39 2.6.1. METODOLOGÍA ................................................................................................................... 40 2.6.2. HIDROGRAFÍA.....................................................................................................................40 2.6.3. CARACTERISTICAS DE LA OFERTA HÍDRICA DE LA CUENCA DEL ARAZA. .............. 41 2.6.4. CARACTERISTICAS DE LA OFERTA HÍDRICA DE LA CUENCA ALTA DEL RÍO MAPACHO............................................................................................................................ 45 2.6.5. CARACTERISTICAS DE LA OFERTA HÍDRICA DE LA CUENCA MEDIA DEL RÍO VILCANOTA.......................................................................................................................... 50 2.7. SUELOS ................................................................................................................................... 54 2.7.1. METODOLOGIA ................................................................................................................... 54 2.7.2. UNIDADES TAXONÓMICAS DE SUELO ............................................................................ 55 2.7.3. CAPACIDAD DE USO MAYOR DE SUELOS ...................................................................... 57 2.8. FLORA...................................................................................................................................... 68 2.8.1. METODOLOGIA ................................................................................................................... 68 2.8.2. DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNIDADES DE VEGETACIÓN ............................................................ 69 2.9. FAUNA ..................................................................................................................................... 86 2.9.1. METODOLOGIA ................................................................................................................... 86 2.9.2. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS GRUPOS FAUNISTICOS............................................................. 86 2.9.3. ESTADO DE CONSERVACION DE LA fAUNA ................................................................... 89 3. EL ESCENARIO SOCIAL................................................................................................................... 91 3.1. UNIDADES SOCIOECONÓMICAS.......................................................................................... 91 3.1.1. UNIDAD DE PISO DE VALLE .............................................................................................. 91 3.1.2. UNIDAD ALTOANDINA ........................................................................................................ 91 3.1.3. UNIDAD CEJA DE SELVA ................................................................................................... 92 3.2. DEMOGRAFÍA ......................................................................................................................... 93 3.2.1. LA POBLACIÓN PROVINCIAL EN EL CONTEXTO REGIONAL ........................................ 93 3.2.2. DISTRIBUCION DE LA POBLACIÓN POR AREA DE RESIDENCIA.................................. 93 3.2.3. DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LA POBLACIÓN POR DISTRITOS ..................................................... 94 3.2.4. INDICE DE MASCULINIDAD. .............................................................................................. 94 3.2.5. ESTRUCTURA DEMOGRÁFICA ......................................................................................... 94 3.2.6. CRECIMIENTO DE LA POBLACIÓN ................................................................................... 95 3.2.7. MIGRACIONES .................................................................................................................... 96 3.2.8. DENSIDAD POBLACIONAL................................................................................................. 96 3.3. SALUD...................................................................................................................................... 96 3.3.1. SERVICIOS DE SALUD ....................................................................................................... 96 3.3.2. ACCESO A LOS SERVICIOS DE SALUD ........................................................................... 97 3.3.3. ACCESO A LA MEDICINA TRADICIONAL.......................................................................... 97 3.3.4. ADECUACIÓN CULTURAL DE LOS SERVICIOS DE SALUD............................................ 97 3.3.5. INDICADORES DE SALUD.................................................................................................. 98 3.4. EDUCACIÓN............................................................................................................................ 98 3.4.1. SERVICIOS EDUCATIVOS.................................................................................................. 98 3.4.2. POBLACIÓN ESCOLAR....................................................................................................... 99 3.4.3. RELACIÓN ALUMNOS, DOCENTES Y AULAS ................................................................ 100 3.4.4. INDICADORES EDUCATIVOS .......................................................................................... 101 3.5. VIVIENDA............................................................................................................................... 103 3.5.1. TIPO DE VIVIENDA...........................................................................................................
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