DOCSLIB.ORG

King's Cutters and Smugglers 1700-1855

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
King's Cutters and Smugglers 1700-1855 REVENUE CRUISER CHASING SMUGGLING LUGGER. Before firing on a smuggler the cruiser was bound to hoist his Revenue colours —both pennant and ensign—no matter whether day or night. (from the original painting by Charles Dixon, R.I.) ToList KING'S CUTTERS AND SMUGGLERS 1700-1855 BY E. KEBLE CHATTERTON AUTHOR OF "SAILING SHIPS AND THEIR STORY," "THE ROMANCE OF THE SHIP" "THE STORY OF THE BRITISH NAVY," "FORE AND AFT," ETC. WITH 33 ILLUSTRATIONS AND FRONTISPIECE IN COLOURS LONDON GEORGE ALLEN & COMPANY, LTD. 44 & 45 RATHBONE PLACE 1912 [All rights reserved] Printed by BALLANTYNE, HANSON & CO. At the Ballantyne Press, Edinburgh PREFACE I have in the following pages endeavoured to resist the temptation to weave a web of pleasant but unreliable fiction round actual occurrences. That which is here set forth has been derived from facts, and in almost every case from manuscript records. It aims at telling the story of an eventful and exciting period according to historical and not imaginative occurrence. There are extant many novels and short stories which have for their heroes the old-time smugglers. But the present volume represents an effort to look at these exploits as they were and not as a novelist likes to think they might have occurred. Perhaps there is hardly an Englishman who was not thrilled in his boyhood days by Marryat and others when they wrote of the King's Cutters and their foes. It is hoped that the following pages will not merely revive pleasant recollections but arouse a new interest in the adventures of a species of sailing craft that is now, like the brig and the fine old clipper-ship, past and done with. The reader will note that in the Appendices a considerable amount of interesting data has been collected. This has been rendered possible only with great difficulty, but it is believed that in future years the dimensions and details of a Revenue Cutter's construction, the sizes of her spars, her tonnage, guns, &c., the number of her crew carried, the names and dates of the fleets of cutters employed will have an historical value which cannot easily be assessed in the present age that is still familiar with sailing craft. In making researches for the preparation of this volume I have to express my deep sense of gratitude to the Honourable Commissioners of the Board of Customs for granting me permission to make use of their valuable records; to Mr. F.S. Parry C.B., Deputy Chairman of the Board for his courtesy in placing a vast amount of data in my hands, and for having elucidated a good many points of difficulty; and, finally, to Mr. Henry Atton, Librarian of the Custom House, for his great assistance in research. E. KEBLE CHATTERTON. CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. THE EARLIEST SMUGGLERS 14 III. THE GROWTH OF SMUGGLING 40 IV. THE SMUGGLERS' METHODS 56 V. THE HAWKHURST GANG 82 VI. THE REVENUE CRUISERS 94 VII. CUTTERS AND SLOOPS 121 VIII. PREVENTIVE ORGANISATION 138 IX. CUTTERS' EQUIPMENT 157 X. THE INCREASE IN SMUGGLING 182 XI. THE SMUGGLERS AT SEA 199 XII. THE WORK OF THE CUTTERS 215 XIII. THE PERIOD OF INGENUITY 239 XIV. SOME INTERESTING ENCOUNTERS 257 XV. A TRAGIC INCIDENT 276 XVI. ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS 295 XVII. SMUGGLING BY CONCEALMENTS 320 XVIII. BY SEA AND LAND 339 XIX. ACTION AND COUNTER-ACTION 361 XX. FORCE AND CUNNING 379 403 APPENDICES ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES Colour REVENUE CRUISER CHASING SMUGGLING LUGGER frontispiece FACING PAGE A REPRESENTATION OF YE SMUGGLERS BREAKING OPEN YE KING'S 86 CUSTOM HOUSE AT POOLE MR. GALLEY AND MR. CHATER PUT BY YE SMUGGLERS ON ONE 88 HORSE NEAR ROWLAND CASTLE GALLEY AND CHATER FALLING OFF THEIR HORSE AT WOODASH 88A CHATER CHAINED IN YE TURFF HOUSE AT OLD MILLS'S 89 CHATER HANGING AT THE WELL IN LADY HOLT PARK, THE BLOODY VILLAINS STANDING BY 90 THE BLOODY SMUGGLERS FLINGING DOWN STONES AFTER THEY HAD FLUNG HIS DEAD BODY INTO THE WELL H.M. CUTTER "WICKHAM," COMMANDED BY CAPTAIN JOHN 178 FULLARTON, R.N. H.M. CUTTER "WICKHAM" 179 IN TEXT PAGE "DOW SENT HIS MATE AND TEN MEN ON BOARD HER" 72 "CAME CHARGING DOWN ... STRIKING HER ON THE QUARTER" 102 "A GREAT CROWD OF INFURIATED PEOPLE CAME DOWN TO THE 187 BEACH" "THE 'FLORA' WITH THE 'FISGARD,' 'WASSO,' AND 'NYMPH'" 202 "THE 'CAROLINE' CONTINUED HER COURSE AND PROCEEDED TO 211 LONDON" HOW THE DEAL BOATMEN USED TO SMUGGLE TEA ASHORE 213 "THE 'BADGER' WAS HOISTING UP THE GALLEY IN THE RIGGING" 265 "FIRE AND BE DAMNED" 278 THE SANDWICH DEVICE 314 THE SLOOP "LUCY" SHOWING CONCEALMENTS 324 CASK FOR SMUGGLING CIDER 326 THE SMACK "TAM O'SHANTER" SHOWING METHOD OF 329 CONCEALMENT FLAT-BOTTOMED BOAT FOUND OFF SELSEY 332 PLAN OF THE SCHOONER "GOOD INTENT" SHOWING METHOD OF 334 SMUGGLING CASKS THE SCHOONER "SPARTAN" 336 DECK PLAN AND LONGITUDINAL PLAN OF THE "LORD RIVERS" 337 "THE CRUISER'S GUNS HAD SHOT AWAY THE MIZZEN-MAST" 348 "THE 'ADMIRAL HOOD' WAS HEAVING TUBS OVERBOARD" 358 "GETTING A FIRM GRIP, PUSHED HIM ... INTO THE WATER" 365 "LET'S ... HAVE HIM OVER THE CLIFF" 373 "UNDER COVER OF DARKNESS TOOK ON BOARD ... FORTY BALES 377 OF SILK" "ANOTHER SHOT WAS FIRED" 383 METHODS EMPLOYED BY SMUGGLERS FOR ANCHORING TUBS 385 THROWN OVERBOARD THE "RIVAL'S" INGENIOUS DEVICE 392 "TAKEN COMPLETELY BY SURPRISE" 398 King's Cutters & Smugglers CHAPTER I ToC INTRODUCTION Outside pure Naval history it would be difficult to find any period so full of incident and contest as that which is covered by the exploits of the English Preventive Service in their efforts to deal with the notorious and dangerous bands of smugglers which at one time were a terrible menace to the trade and welfare of our nation. As we shall see from the following pages, their activities covered many decades, and indeed smuggling is not even to-day dead nor ever will be so long as there are regulations which human ingenuity can occasionally outwit. But the grand, adventurous epoch of the smugglers covers little more than a century and a half, beginning about the year 1700 and ending about 1855 or 1860. Nevertheless, within that space of time there are crowded in so much adventure, so many exciting escapes, so many fierce encounters, such clever moves and counter-moves: there are so many thousands of people concerned in the events, so many craft employed, and so much money expended that the story of the smugglers possesses a right to be ranked second only to those larger battles between two or more nations. Everyone has, even nowadays, a sneaking regard for the smugglers of that bygone age, an instinct that is based partly on a curious human failing and partly on a keen admiration for men of dash and daring. There is a sympathy, somehow, with a class of men who succeeded not once but hundreds of times in setting the law at defiance; who, in spite of all the resources of the Government, were not easily beaten. In the novels of James, Marryat, and a host of lesser writers the smuggler and the Preventive man have become familiar and standard types, and there are very few, surely, who in the days of their youth have not enjoyed the breathless excitement of some story depicting the chasing of a contraband lugger or watched vicariously the landing of the tubs of spirits along the pebbly beach on a night when the moon never showed herself. But most of these were fiction and little else. Even Marryat, though he was for some time actually engaged in Revenue duty, is now known to have been inaccurate and loose in some of his stories. Those who have followed afterwards have been scarcely better. However, there is nothing in the following pages which belongs to fiction. Every effort has been made to set forth only actual historical facts, which are capable of verification, so that what is herein contained represents not what might have happened but actually did take place. To write a complete history of smuggling would be well- nigh impossible, owing to the fact that, unhappily through fire and destruction, many of the records, which to-day would be invaluable, have long since perished. The burning down of the Customs House by the side of the Thames in 1814 and the inappreciation of the right value of certain documents by former officials have caused so desirable a history to be impossible to be written. Still, happily, there is even now a vast amount of material in existence, and the present Commissioners of the Board of Customs are using every effort to preserve for posterity a mass of data connected with this service. Owing to the courtesy of the Commissioners it has been my good fortune to make careful researches through the documents which are concerned with the old smuggling days, the Revenue cutters, and the Preventive Service generally; and it is from these pages of the past and from other sources that I have been enabled to put forth the story as it is here presented; and as such it represents an attempt to afford an authentic picture of an extremely interesting and an equally exciting period of our national history, to show the conditions of the smuggling industry from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century, and the efforts to put a stop to the same. We shall soon find that this period in its glamour, romance, and adventure contains a good deal of similarity to the great seafaring Elizabethan epoch. The ships were different, but the courage of the English seamen was the same.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Additions to the Plymouth Marine Fauna (1931) in T!1E Crustaceanorderstanaidacea,/Sopodaand Amphipoda
    [ 95 ] Additions to the Plymouth Marine Fauna (1931) in t!1e CrustaceanOrdersTanaidacea,/sopodaand Amphipoda. By G. I. Crawford, Former Student Probationer at the Plymouth Laboratory. With 1 Figure in the Text. THIS list contains 2 species of TANAIDAcEA,6 of IsoPoDA and 28 of AMPHJPODA.These were all collected by myself in 1934-5, with the exception of 3 species of Amphipoda, which have not been entered in the Plymouth list although accounts of their capture at Plymouth have been published. These are Eusirus longipes Boeck, recorded by Hunt (1924) ; Gammarellus angulosus (Fabr.), by Kitching, Macan and Gilson (1934); and Gammarus zaddachi Sexton, by Serventy (1935). The list is drawn up in the systematic order adopted in Plymouth Marine Fauna (1931), with a reference to a good illustration of each species. The dates and circumstances of capture are stated, and when a species has already been recorded from offthe coasts of Devon and Corn- wall by Norman and Scott (1906) a note to that effect has been made. The distribution is not stated, since recent accounts of the distribution of every species are available in the following works: Tanaidacea and Isopoda: Nierstrasz and Stekhoven, '1930 (except for Synisoma acuminatana, q.v.). Amphipoda: Chevreux and Fage (1925) or Stephensen (1929). All the Amphipod species in this list are included in one or other of these publications, and almost all in both. Every species has been referred to a specialist for identification. Tan- aidacea and Eurydice truncata and Gnathia oxyur.ceato J. H. Schuurmans Stekhoven of Utrecht; the other Isopoda to Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • 'British Small Craft': the Cultural Geographies of Mid-Twentieth
    ‘British Small Craft’: the cultural geographies of mid-twentieth century technology and display James Lyon Fenner BA MA Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2014 Abstract The British Small Craft display, installed in 1963 as part of the Science Museum’s new Sailing Ships Gallery, comprised of a sequence of twenty showcases containing models of British boats—including fishing boats such as luggers, coracles, and cobles— arranged primarily by geographical region. The brainchild of the Keeper William Thomas O’Dea, the nautical themed gallery was complete with an ocean liner deck and bridge mezzanine central display area. It contained marine engines and navigational equipment in addition to the numerous varieties of international historical ship and boat models. Many of the British Small Craft displays included accessory models and landscape settings, with human figures and painted backdrops. The majority of the models were acquired by the museum during the interwar period, with staff actively pursuing model makers and local experts on information, plans and the miniature recreation of numerous regional boat types. Under the curatorship supervision of Geoffrey Swinford Laird Clowes this culminated in the temporary ‘British Fishing Boats’ Exhibition in the summer of 1936. However the earliest models dated back even further with several originating from the Victorian South Kensington Museum collections, appearing in the International Fisheries Exhibition of 1883. 1 With the closure and removal of the Shipping Gallery in late 2012, the aim of this project is to produce a reflective historical and cultural geographical account of these British Small Craft displays held within the Science Museum.
    [Show full text]
  • DATES of TRIALS Until October 1775, and Again from December 1816
    DATES OF TRIALS Until October 1775, and again from December 1816, the printed Proceedings provide both the start and the end dates of each sessions. Until the 1750s, both the Gentleman’s and (especially) the London Magazine scrupulously noted the end dates of sessions, dates of subsequent Recorder’s Reports, and days of execution. From December 1775 to October 1816, I have derived the end dates of each sessions from newspaper accounts of the trials. Trials at the Old Bailey usually began on a Wednesday. And, of course, no trials were held on Sundays. ***** NAMES & ALIASES I have silently corrected obvious misspellings in the Proceedings (as will be apparent to users who hyper-link through to the trial account at the OBPO), particularly where those misspellings are confirmed in supporting documents. I have also regularized spellings where there may be inconsistencies at different appearances points in the OBPO. In instances where I have made a more radical change in the convict’s name, I have provided a documentary reference to justify the more marked discrepancy between the name used here and that which appears in the Proceedings. ***** AGE The printed Proceedings almost invariably provide the age of each Old Bailey convict from December 1790 onwards. From 1791 onwards, the Home Office’s “Criminal Registers” for London and Middlesex (HO 26) do so as well. However, no volumes in this series exist for 1799 and 1800, and those for 1828-33 inclusive (HO 26/35-39) omit the ages of the convicts. I have not comprehensively compared the ages reported in HO 26 with those given in the Proceedings, and it is not impossible that there are discrepancies between the two.
    [Show full text]
  • Spanish, French, Dutch, Andamerican Patriots of Thb West Indies During
    Spanish, French, Dutch, andAmerican Patriots of thb West Indies i# During the AMERICAN Revolution PART7 SPANISH BORDERLAND STUDIES By Granvil~ W. andN. C. Hough -~ ,~~~.'.i~:~ " :~, ~i " .... - ~ ,~ ~"~" ..... "~,~~'~~'-~ ,%v t-5.._. / © Copyright ,i. "; 2001 ~(1 ~,'~': .i: • by '!!|fi:l~: r!;.~:! Granville W. and N. C. Hough 3438 Bahia Blanca West, Apt B ~.l.-c • Laguna Hills, CA 92653-2830 !LI.'.. Email: gwhough(~earthiink.net u~ "~: .. ' ?-' ,, i.. Other books in this series include: • ...~ , Svain's California Patriots in its 1779-1783 War with England - During the.American Revolution, Part 1, 1998. ,. Sp~fin's Califomi0 Patriqts in its 1779-1783 Wor with Englgnd - During the American Revolution, Part 2, :999. Spain's Arizona Patriots in ire |779-1783 War with Engl~n~i - During the Amcricgn RevolutiQn, Third Study of the Spanish Borderlands, 1999. Svaln's New Mexico Patriots in its 1779-|783 Wit" wi~ England- During the American Revolution, Fourth Study of the Spanish Borderlands, 1999. Spain's Texa~ patriot~ in its 1779-1783 War with Enaland - Daring the A~a~ri~n Revolution, Fifth Study of the Spanish Borderlands, 2000. Spain's Louisi~a Patriots in its; 1779-1783 War witil England - During.the American Revolution, Sixth StUdy of the Spanish Borderlands, 20(~0. ./ / . Svain's Patriots of Northerrt New Svain - From South of the U. S. Border - in its 1779- 1783 War with Engl~nd_ Eighth Study of the Spanish Borderlands, coming soon. ,:.Z ~JI ,. Published by: SHHAK PRESS ~'~"'. ~ ~i~: :~ .~:,: .. Society of Hispanic Historical and Ancestral Research ~.,~.,:" P.O. Box 490 Midway City, CA 92655-0490 (714) 894-8161 ~, ~)it.,I ,.
    [Show full text]
  • News Sheet November 2006
    NEWS SHEET" NOVEMBER 2006 Editorial Welcome to the last Sea Watch Foundation news sheet for 2006. Thanks to those of you that are still braving the winter weather to bring us those all important sightings – and as you’ll see below, it is still worth the effort! Thank you to all those that have contributed to the news sheet in 2006 and our best wishes for a prosperous and cetacean- filled 2007. As always, your contributions to the news sheet are very welcome, so please send them (and photos!) to me at [email protected]. Harbour porpoise, (Photo: Mick Baines) Happy seawatching, Lori NATIONAL WHALE AND DOLPHIN WATCH 2007 The dates for the next National Whale and Dolphin Watch week have now been set as 23 June to 1 July 2007 – a little earlier than before, but once again spanning two weekends. Please make a note of NWDW in your new 2007 diaries and look out for more information nearer the time.! We are hoping to build on the success of the 2006 event with even more manned sites, more members of the public getting involved, and wider media coverage.! If you are planning to set up a manned watch during the week, please let Hanna know the details as soon as possible if you haven’t already done so. Land-based sea watchers at Clare Dickins and Wendy Necar last year’s event Other news: During December, Tom Duerden, a Sea Watch Foundation volunteer, helped to set up a display in the Blue Planet Aquarium in Ellesmere Port (see photo on right).
    [Show full text]
  • Habitat Regulations Assessment Plymouth & SW Devon Joint Local Plan Contents
    PLYMOUTH & SW DEVON JOINT PLAN V.07/02/18 Habitat Regulations Assessment Plymouth & SW Devon Joint Local Plan Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Preparation of a Local Plan ........................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Purpose of this Report .................................................................................................................. 7 2 Guidance and Approach to HRA ............................................................................................................. 8 3 Evidence Gathering .............................................................................................................................. 10 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 10 3.2 Impact Pathways ......................................................................................................................... 10 3.3 Determination of sites ................................................................................................................ 14 3.4 Blackstone Point SAC .................................................................................................................. 16 3.5 Culm Grasslands SAC ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Smugglers Trail Smugglers for Over See Please
    www.visithawkhurst.org.uk www.visithawkhurst.org.uk endorsement by HCP. by endorsement inaccuracy can be accepted. Inclusion of any business or organisation does not imply its imply not does organisation or business any of Inclusion accepted. be can inaccuracy ensure accuracy in the production of this information, no liability for any error, omission or omission error, any for liability no information, this of production the in accuracy ensure © 2011 The Hawkhurst Community Partnership ("HCP"). Whilst every effort has been made to made been has effort every Whilst ("HCP"). Partnership Community Hawkhurst The 2011 Supported and funded by funded and Supported Kent & Sussex & Kent April 1747. 1747. April Goudhurst Band of Militia in Militia of Band Goudhurst www.1066country.com reduced after its defeat by the by defeat its after reduced www.visitkent.co.uk though the Gang’s influence was influence Gang’s the though Smuggling in Smuggling For more on the wider area please visit: please area wider the on more For Goudhurst assumed leadership, assumed Goudhurst www.visithawkhurst.org.uk Thomas Kingsmill from Kingsmill Thomas surrounding attractions go to: go attractions surrounding Lydd and executed in 1748. in executed and Lydd further information on the village and village the on information further captured, tried at the Old Bailey for smuggling at smuggling for Bailey Old the at tried captured, and and For accommodation, current events and events current accommodation, For Eventually, Hawkhurst Gang leader Arthur Gray was Gray Arthur leader Gang Hawkhurst Eventually, Further Information Further Hastings to Hawkhurst, Rye to Goudhurst. to Rye Hawkhurst, to Hastings Hawkhurst Islands in the local pubs still running today, from today, running still pubs local the in Islands brandy, rum and coffee from France and the Channel the and France from coffee and rum brandy, www.nationalexpress.com.
    [Show full text]
  • Rodney Stone
    RODNEY STONE PREFACE Amongst the books to which I am indebted for my material in my endeavour to draw various phases of life and character in England at the beginning of the century, I would particularly mention Ashton’s “Dawn of the Nineteenth Century;” Gronow’s “Reminiscences;” Fitzgerald’s “Life and Times of George IV.;” Jesse’s “Life of Brummell;” “Boxiana;” “Pugilistica;” Harper’s “Brighton Road;” Robinson’s “Last Earl of Barrymore” and “Old Q.;” Rice’s “History of the Turf;” Tristram’s “Coaching Days;” James’s “Naval History;” Clark Russell’s “Collingwood” and “Nelson.” I am also much indebted to my friends Mr. J. C. Parkinson and Robert Barr for information upon the subject of the ring. A. CONAN DOYLE. HASLEMERE, September 1, 1896. CHAPTER I - FRIAR’S OAK On this, the first of January of the year 1851, the nineteenth century has reached its midway term, and many of us who shared its youth have already warnings which tell us that it has outworn us. We put our grizzled heads together, we older ones, and we talk of the great days that we have known; but we find that when it is with our children that we talk it is a hard matter to make them understand. We and our fathers before us lived much the same life, but they with their railway trains and their steamboats belong to a different age. It is true that we can put history-books into their hands, and they can read from them of our weary struggle of two and twenty years with that great and evil man.
    [Show full text]
  • Albany in the Following Manner, Conceiving It to Be More Convenient for a Ready Reference to the Citf ' Zens Generally
    For the benefit of the public, the compiler has thought proper to arrange the offices of the various department • of the city of Albany in the following manner, conceiving it to be more convenient for a ready reference to the citf ' zens generally. Office of the Albany Water Works company,#(No. 1) 50 Office of the Inspector of flour, 180 Pier State st " Jefferson line canal boats, 64 Quay st, J.. » Albany Water Works company, (No 2) Hughes, agent, " ^Albany Insurance company, 58 State st " Mechanics' Insurance company, 430 n. M\ " Attorney General, State House, Lodge st ket st " Albany Daily Advertiser, 7 Webster's build's " Mayor's court, new City Hall " Albany Argus, 454 i. Market st " Mohawk and Hudson rail-road company, I " Albany Masonic Record, 63 State st Beaver st " Albany Microscope, 28 Beaver st " Merchants' line of canal boats. Pier, foo '• Albany Evening Journal, 71 State st State st, Piatt, Williams & Co. proprieti " Albany Observer, 5 Beaver st " Matilda steam boat for Troy, Pier, foot j " Albany Telegraph, and Christiah Register, Hamilton st 44 Dean st " North River steam boat line, opposite " Albany Freeman's Advocate, 16 Beaver st lumbian and National hotel, R. HSwJ " Albany Library, 371 n. Market st A. S. Groot, D. A. Hawley, agents " Albany justice's court, Centre market " New-York and Erie line of canal boats, c| " Albuny Savings Bank, 40 State st ner Hudson and Quay sts, up stairs, " Albany. Syracuse and Oswego line of canal H. Treat & Co. proprietor boats, 60 Quay st, C S. Olmsted, agent " New York and Ohio line of canal hog] " Albany and New Yonk line of tow boats, 64 Meach, Jackson & Co.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction a Global History of Execution and the Criminal Corpse
    OPEN Introduction A Global History of Execution and the Criminal Corpse Richard Ward Capital punishment is a historical universal – it has been practised at some point in the history of virtually all known societies and places. That is not to say, however, that it is a historical constant – the use, form, function and meaning of execution has varied greatly across different historical contexts.1 This is likewise true for an important – although relatively neglected – aspect of capital punishment: the fate of the criminal body after execution. The treatment and understanding of the criminal corpse has differed across time and place, but it has always been a potent force and throughout its history it has been harnessed for the ends of state power, medical science and criminal justice, amongst many other things. By examining execution and the executed body across a wide temporal and geographical span, this collection of essays provides a fresh perspective on the history of capital punishment, and in the process it seeks to add considerable detail to our knowledge of penal practice in early modern Europe, and to allow us to rethink some of the most commonly cited drivers of penal practice and change. In setting out this line of thought, this introductory chapter is divided into three main sections. First, it begins by sketching out the practice and meaning of execution and the executed body in early mod- ern Europe as essential background context for the chapters that follow, particularly Chapters 1–5, which focus on capital punishment and the criminal corpse in a selection of European nations in the long eight- eenth century.
    [Show full text]
  • EARLY BENGALI PROSE CAREY to Vibyasxg-ER by Thesi S Submit
    EARLY BENGALI PROSE CAREY TO VIBYASXg-ER By Sisirlcumar Baa Thesi s submit ted for the Ph.D. degree in the University of London* June 1963 ProQuest Number: 10731585 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731585 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract Acknowledgment Transliteration Abbreviations; Chapter I. Introduction 1-32 Chapter II. The beginnings of Bengali prose 33-76 Chapter III. William Carey 77-110 Chapter IV. Ramram Basu 110-154 Chapter V. M?ityun;ja^ Bidyalaqikar 154-186 Chapter VI. Rammohan Ray 189-242 Chapter VII. Early Newspapers (1818-1830) 243-268 Chapter VUI.Sarpbad Prabhakar: Ii^varcandra Gupta 269-277 Chapter IX. Tattvabodhi#! Patrika 278-320 Chapter X. Vidyasagar 321-367 Bibli ography 36 8-377 —oOo** ABSTRACT The present thesis examines the growth of Bengali prose from its experimental Beginnings with Carey to its growth into full literary stature in the hands of Vidyasagar. The subject is presented chronologically and covers roughly the first half of the 1 9 th century.
    [Show full text]
  • In Search of the Amazon: Brazil, the United States, and the Nature of A
    IN SEARCH OF THE AMAZON AMERICAN ENCOUNTERS/GLOBAL INTERACTIONS A series edited by Gilbert M. Joseph and Emily S. Rosenberg This series aims to stimulate critical perspectives and fresh interpretive frameworks for scholarship on the history of the imposing global pres- ence of the United States. Its primary concerns include the deployment and contestation of power, the construction and deconstruction of cul- tural and political borders, the fluid meanings of intercultural encoun- ters, and the complex interplay between the global and the local. American Encounters seeks to strengthen dialogue and collaboration between histo- rians of U.S. international relations and area studies specialists. The series encourages scholarship based on multiarchival historical research. At the same time, it supports a recognition of the represen- tational character of all stories about the past and promotes critical in- quiry into issues of subjectivity and narrative. In the process, American Encounters strives to understand the context in which meanings related to nations, cultures, and political economy are continually produced, chal- lenged, and reshaped. IN SEARCH OF THE AMAzon BRAZIL, THE UNITED STATES, AND THE NATURE OF A REGION SETH GARFIELD Duke University Press Durham and London 2013 © 2013 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ♾ Designed by Heather Hensley Typeset in Scala by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in - Publication Data Garfield, Seth. In search of the Amazon : Brazil, the United States, and the nature of a region / Seth Garfield. pages cm—(American encounters/global interactions) Includes bibliographical references and index.
    [Show full text]