Manual for Training Police on Anti Human Trafficking
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Combating Trafficking of Women and Children in South Asia
CONTENTS COMBATING TRAFFICKING OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN SOUTH ASIA Regional Synthesis Paper for Bangladesh, India, and Nepal APRIL 2003 This book was prepared by staff and consultants of the Asian Development Bank. The analyses and assessments contained herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the Asian Development Bank, or its Board of Directors or the governments they represent. The Asian Development Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this book and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. i CONTENTS CONTENTS Page ABBREVIATIONS vii FOREWORD xi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xiii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 UNDERSTANDING TRAFFICKING 7 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2 Defining Trafficking: The Debates 9 2.3 Nature and Extent of Trafficking of Women and Children in South Asia 18 2.4 Data Collection and Analysis 20 2.5 Conclusions 36 3 DYNAMICS OF TRAFFICKING OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN SOUTH ASIA 39 3.1 Introduction 39 3.2 Links between Trafficking and Migration 40 3.3 Supply 43 3.4 Migration 63 3.5 Demand 67 3.6 Impacts of Trafficking 70 4 LEGAL FRAMEWORKS 73 4.1 Conceptual and Legal Frameworks 73 4.2 Crosscutting Issues 74 4.3 International Commitments 77 4.4 Regional and Subregional Initiatives 81 4.5 Bangladesh 86 4.6 India 97 4.7 Nepal 108 iii COMBATING TRAFFICKING OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN 5APPROACHES TO ADDRESSING TRAFFICKING 119 5.1 Stakeholders 119 5.2 Key Government Stakeholders 120 5.3 NGO Stakeholders and Networks of NGOs 128 5.4 Other Stakeholders 129 5.5 Antitrafficking Programs 132 5.6 Overall Findings 168 5.7 -
Institutional Approaches to the Rehabilitation of Survivors of Sex Trafficking in India and Nepal
University of Denver Digital Commons @ DU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 6-1-2010 Rescued, Rehabilitated, Returned: Institutional Approaches to the Rehabilitation of Survivors of Sex Trafficking in India and Nepal Robynne A. Locke University of Denver Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Locke, Robynne A., "Rescued, Rehabilitated, Returned: Institutional Approaches to the Rehabilitation of Survivors of Sex Trafficking in India and Nepal" (2010). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 378. https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/378 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at Digital Commons @ DU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ DU. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. RESCUED, REHABILITATED, RETURNED: INSTITUTIONAL APPROACHES TO THE REHABILITATION OF SURVIVORS OF SEX TRAFFICKING IN INDIA AND NEPAL __________ A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Social Sciences University of Denver __________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts __________ by Robynne A. Locke June 2010 Advisor: Richard Clemmer-Smith, Phd ©Copyright by Robynne A. Locke 2010 All Rights Reserved Author: Robynne A. Locke Title: Institutional Approaches to the Rehabilitation of Survivors of Trafficking in India and Nepal Advisor: Richard Clemmer-Smith Degree Date: June 2010 Abstract Despite participating in rehabilitation programs, many survivors of sex trafficking in India and Nepal are re-trafficked, ‘voluntarily’ re-enter the sex industry, or become traffickers or brothel managers themselves. -
Child Trafficking in India
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Fifth Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Human Trafficking 2013 Trafficking at the University of Nebraska 10-2013 Wither Childhood? Child Trafficking in India Ibrahim Mohamed Abdelfattah Abdelaziz Helwan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/humtrafcon5 Abdelaziz, Ibrahim Mohamed Abdelfattah, "Wither Childhood? Child Trafficking in India" (2013). Fifth Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking 2013. 6. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/humtrafcon5/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking at the University of Nebraska at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fifth Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking 2013 by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Wither Childhood? Child Trafficking in India Ibrahim Mohamed Abdelfattah Abdelaziz This article reviews the current research on domestic trafficking of children in India. Child trafficking in India is a highly visible reality. Children are being sold for sexual and labor exploitation, adoption, and organ harvesting. The article also analyzes the laws and interventions that provide protection and assistance to trafficked children. There is no comprehensive legislation that covers all forms of exploitation. Interven- tions programs tend to focus exclusively on sex trafficking and to give higher priority to rehabilitation than to prevention. Innovative projects are at a nascent stage. Keywords: human trafficking, child trafficking, child prostitution, child labor, child abuse Human trafficking is based on the objectification of a human life and the treat- ment of that life as a commodity to be traded in the economic market. -
Compendium of Best Practices on Anti Human Trafficking
Government of India COMPENDIUM OF BEST PRACTICES ON ANTI HUMAN TRAFFICKING BY NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS Acknowledgments ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Ms. Ashita Mittal, Deputy Representative, UNODC, Regional Office for South Asia The Working Group of Project IND/ S16: Dr. Geeta Sekhon, Project Coordinator Ms. Swasti Rana, Project Associate Mr. Varghese John, Admin/ Finance Assistant UNODC is grateful to the team of HAQ: Centre for Child Rights, New Delhi for compiling this document: Ms. Bharti Ali, Co-Director Ms. Geeta Menon, Consultant UNODC acknowledges the support of: Dr. P M Nair, IPS Mr. K Koshy, Director General, Bureau of Police Research and Development Ms. Manjula Krishnan, Economic Advisor, Ministry of Women and Child Development Mr. NS Kalsi, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Home Affairs Ms. Sumita Mukherjee, Director, Ministry of Home Affairs All contributors whose names are mentioned in the list appended IX COMPENDIUM OF BEST PRACTICES ON ANTI HUMAN TRAFFICKING BY NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS © UNODC, 2008 Year of Publication: 2008 A publication of United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Regional Office for South Asia EP 16/17, Chandragupta Marg Chanakyapuri New Delhi - 110 021 www.unodc.org/india Disclaimer This Compendium has been compiled by HAQ: Centre for Child Rights for Project IND/S16 of United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Regional Office for South Asia. The opinions expressed in this document do not necessarily represent the official policy of the Government of India or the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. The designations used do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area or of its authorities, frontiers or boundaries. -
A Report on Trafficking in Women and Children in India 2002-2003
NHRC - UNIFEM - ISS Project A Report on Trafficking in Women and Children in India 2002-2003 Coordinator Sankar Sen Principal Investigator - Researcher P.M. Nair IPS Volume I Institute of Social Sciences National Human Rights Commission UNIFEM New Delhi New Delhi New Delhi Final Report of Action Research on Trafficking in Women and Children VOLUME – 1 Sl. No. Title Page Reference i. Contents i ii. Foreword (by Hon’ble Justice Dr. A.S. Anand, Chairperson, NHRC) iii-iv iii. Foreword (by Hon’ble Mrs. Justice Sujata V. Manohar) v-vi iv. Foreword (by Ms. Chandani Joshi (Regional Programme Director, vii-viii UNIFEM (SARO) ) v. Preface (by Dr. George Mathew, ISS) ix-x vi. Acknowledgements (by Mr. Sankar Sen, ISS) xi-xii vii. From the Researcher’s Desk (by Mr. P.M. Nair, NHRC Nodal Officer) xii-xiv Chapter Title Page No. Reference 1. Introduction 1-6 2. Review of Literature 7-32 3. Methodology 33-39 4. Profile of the study area 40-80 5. Survivors (Rescued from CSE) 81-98 6. Victims in CSE 99-113 7. Clientele 114-121 8. Brothel owners 122-138 9. Traffickers 139-158 10. Rescued children trafficked for labour and other exploitation 159-170 11. Migration and trafficking 171-185 12. Tourism and trafficking 186-193 13. Culturally sanctioned practices and trafficking 194-202 14. Missing persons versus trafficking 203-217 15. Mind of the Survivor: Psychosocial impacts and interventions for the survivor of trafficking 218-231 16. The Legal Framework 232-246 17. The Status of Law-Enforcement 247-263 18. The Response of Police Officials 264-281 19. -
Alternative Report
Alternative Report On the implementation Optional Protocol to the CRC on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography in INDIA Report prepared and submitted by: ECPAT International In collaboration with SANLAAP July 2013 1 Background information ECPAT International (End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and Trafficking of Children for Sexual Purposes) is the leading global network working to end the commercial sexual exploitation of children (child prostitution, child pornography, child trafficking and child sex tourism). It represents 81 member organisations from 74 countries. ECPAT International holds Consultative status with ECOSOC. Website: www.ecpat.net SANLAAP literally means “dialogue” work to end child prostitution, trafficking and sexual abuse of children. Sanlaap collaborates with different stakeholders, both governmental and non- governmental to end trafficking and punish traffickers. SANLAAP operates from Kolkata and Delhi but networks with civil society organisations, police and governments all over India. Website: http://www.sanlaapindia.org/ 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction p.4 2. General measures of implementation p.5 3. Prevention of commercial sexual exploitation of children p.6 4. Prohibition of the manifestations of commercial sexual exploitation p.10 of children 5. Protection of the rights of child victims p.13 3 1. Introduction Despite a lack of research and data on the scale of commercial sexual exploitation of children in India, estimates show that many children are victims of sexual violence. UNICEF estimates that 1.2 million children are victims of prostitution in India1. The government of India has recently made significant progress in the development of laws and policies to address the different manifestations of commercial sexual exploitation of children, including the adoption in April 2013 of the National Policy for Children, which contains specific measures to prevent and combat commercial sexual exploitation of children. -
Human Trafficking in Asia: a Heinous Crime Against Humanities
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Human trafficking in Asia: a heinous crime against humanities Mohajan, Haradhan International Journal of Cross-Cultural Studies 7 January 2012 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/50852/ MPRA Paper No. 50852, posted 23 Oct 2013 02:41 UTC Mohajan, H.K. (2012), Human Trafficking in Asia: A Heinous Crime Against Humanity, International Journal of Cross-Cultural Studies, 2(1): 29–41. Human trafficking in Asia: a heinous crime against humanities Haradhan Kumar Mohajan Premier University, Chittagong, Bangladesh. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: This paper discusses the human trafficking especially women and children trafficking in Asia. Human trafficking is not only a local problem but also a global concern. It is performed for various purposes such as labor, prostitution, organ transplant, drug couriers, and arm smuggling and affects virtually every country in the world. Recently trafficking of human being increased alarmingly due to globalization and liberalization. In Bangladesh and Nepal trafficking becomes an important issue regionally, nationally and internationally. The victims mainly come from urban and rural areas of poor families. The governments and various NGOs of the world have taken various steps to stop human trafficking. This paper has taken an attempt to discuss aspects of human trafficking and highlights on various steps to prevent it. Keywords: Human trafficking, Migration, Boarder killing, Anti-trafficking. INTRODUCTION The United Nations (UN) protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, supplementing the UN Convention against Transportational Organized Crime, trafficking is defined as any activity leading to recruitment, transportation, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of threat or use of force or a position of vulnerability. -
Laws Protecting Sex Worker & Condition of Sex Worker
© 2021 JETIR June 2021, Volume 8, Issue 6 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) LAWS PROTECTING SEX WORKER & CONDITION OF SEX WORKER DURING LOCKDOWN RISHAB KUMAR, 4th year student at UPES, Dheradun. Contact no.- 9719942006, Dheradun, Uttrakhand, INDIA ABSTRACT Sex work many times considered by images of compulsion, poverty, insolvency and lack of agency and sex worker as merely being oppressed victims of society and they were treat bias as compare to other group of society and during lockdown in the country sex worker face this type of biasness in this paper I will discuss about this biasness and problems faced by the sex worker during lockdown and then how supreme court take steps to protect the sex worker during pandemic. My research highlights the history of the prostitution in India that how the prostitution is evolved and how this sector is prominent in history of India. This research also highlight what legislation make by the government to protect the sex worker and the some laws to prohibit the trafficking of women and girl child in the prostitution and the problems faces by the sex worker and the possible solution to the problems. And the most important question will discuss in that research paper shall India legalize prostitution? Key words – Sex worker, legislation, Covid-19, Pandemic. TABLE OF CONTENT Page no. 1. INTRODUCTION 2. History of prostitution 3. Legislation on the sex worker 4. Shall India legalize prostitution 5. Condition of sex worker during lockdown 6. Conclusion 7. References JETIR2106255 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org b800 © 2021 JETIR June 2021, Volume 8, Issue 6 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) INTRODUCTION Prostitution is deemed to be the oldest profession and trases of this profession was found in ancient Babylons1. -
Trafficking of Minor Girls for Commercial Sexual Exploitation in India: a Synthesis of Available Evidence
report TRAFFICKING OF MINOR GIRLS FOR COMMERCIAL SEXUAL EXPLOITATION IN INDIA: A SYNTHESIS OF AVAILABLE EVIDENCE K G Santhya Shireen J Jejeebhoy Sharmistha Basu Zone 5A, Ground Floor India Habitat Centre, Lodi Road New Delhi, India 110003 Phone: 91-11-24642901 Email: [email protected] ugust 2014 popcouncil.org A The Population Council confronts critical health and development issues—from stopping the spread of HIV to improving reproductive health and ensuring that young people lead full and productive lives. Through biomedical, social science, and public health research in 50 countries, we work with our partners to deliver solutions that lead to more effective policies, programs, and technologies that improve lives around the world. Established in 1952 and headquartered in New York, the Council is a nongovernmental, nonprofit organization governed by an international board of trustees. Population Council Zone 5A, Ground Floor India Habitat Centre, Lodi Road New Delhi, India 110003 Phone: 91-11-24642901 Email: [email protected] Website: www.popcouncil.org Suggested citation: Santhya, K G, S J Jejeebhoy and S Basu. 2014. Trafficking of Minor Girls for Commercial Sexual Exploitation in India: A Synthesis of Available Evidence. New Delhi: Population Council. TRAFFICKING OF MINOR GIRLS FOR COMMERCIAL SEXUAL EXPLOITATION IN INDIA: A SYNTHESIS OF AVAILABLE EVIDENCE K G Santhya Shireen J Jejeebhoy Sharmistha Basu ii Table of Contents List of Tables v Acknowledgements vii Chpater 1 Introduction 1 Chpater 2 Laws, policies and programmes -
Preventing and Combating the Trafficking of Girls in India Using Legal Empowerment Strategies Copyright © International Development Law Organization 2011
Preventing and Combating the Trafficking of Girls in India Using Legal Empowerment Strategies A Rights Awareness and Legal Assistance Program in Four Districts of West Bengal June 2010 – March 2011 Preventing and Combating the Trafficking of Girls in India Using Legal Empowerment Strategies Copyright © International Development Law Organization 2011 International Development Law Organization (IDLO) IDLO is an intergovernmental organization that promotes legal, regulatory and institutional reform to advance economic and social development in transitional and developing countries. Founded in 1983 and one of the leaders in rule of law assistance, IDLO's comprehensive approach achieves enduring results by mobilizing stakeholders at all levels of society to drive institutional change. Because IDLO wields no political agenda and has deep expertise in different legal systems and emerging global issues, people and interest groups of diverse backgrounds trust IDLO. It has direct access to government leaders, institutions and multilateral organizations in developing countries, including lawyers, jurists, policymakers, advocates, academics and civil society representatives. Among its activities, IDLO conducts timely, focused and comprehensive research in areas related to sustainable development in the legal, regulatory, and justice sectors. Through such research, IDLO seeks to contribute to existing Practice and scholarship on priority legal issues, and to serve as a conduit for the global exchange of ideas, best practices and lessons learned. IDLO produces a variety of professional legal tools covering interdisciplinary thematic and regional issues; these include book series, country studies, research reports, policy papers, training handbooks, glossaries and benchbooks. Research for these publications is conducted independently with the support of its country offices and in cooperation with international and national partner organizations. -
We Care : Civic Engagement Internship
2020 We Care : Civic Engagement Internship Annual Report Jasani Centre for Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Management June 1, 2020 Acknowledgment We Care: Civic Engagement has completed its ninth year. It has been an enriching journey for us. We appreciate the personalized attention rendered by Prof. Ramesh Bhat, Officiating Vice Chancellor, NMIMS & Dean, School of Business Management to ensure the sanctity of the internship. The office-bearers of SVKM Trust have played an enabling us in helping us to organize the We Care poster presentation- a mega event to celebrate the learning journey of our MBA students. We take this opportunity to sincerely acknowledge their support. This year, 256 organizations provided internship and mentorship support to our students. Their contribution towards socially sensitizing our students is highly appreciated. To ensure smooth execution of the internship Dr. Satish Kajjer and Dr. Sujata Mukherjee, Regional Coordinators actively extended their support. We express our gratitude towards them. The mentorship support extended by our SBM faculty members in mentoring students has been instrumental in maintaining the discipline and facilitating the learning process. We sincerely acknowledge their efforts in strengthening the We Care internship. Social Responsibility Forum (SRF) of SBM, has played an instrumental role in coordinating with the Jasani Centre team to carry out various tasks related to the internship. Special mention needs to be made of Mr. Karan Bathla and Ms. Aashi Gupta, We Care Head, SRF. We also thank Mr. Jay Mehta, President, SRF, Mr. Sachin R C, Vice President, SRF and all the SRF members for their active contribution We are grateful to Ms. -
RESEARCH REPORT Understanding Behaviour and Informing the Red Alert Approach 1 Issue No.1 // December 2015 by My Choices Foundation
Issue No.1 // December 2015 By My Choices Foundation Preventing Sex trafficking in india Final Mile Research Paper Be on #REDALERT A study of compulsions behind Helping stakeholders under- A look into what makes men - Context suggestions for how to human behaviour to understand stand male behaviour that per- particularly fathers and young design effective messaging to causes on both supply and de- petuates the trafficking of young men participate in the selling change male behaviour and pre- mand side of human trafficking. girls for sexual exploitation. and buying of girls. vent sex trafficking. RESEARCH REPORT Understanding behaviour and informing the Red Alert Approach 1 Issue No.1 // December 2015 By My Choices Foundation Preventing Sex trafficking in india Final Mile Research Paper RED CONTENTS Be on #REDALERT IF YOU ARE ON RED ALERT SHE WILL BE SAFE RED ALERT Introduction The problem of traffick- ing and why behaviour is important. 01 Pg 06 Research objectives What are the Behav- iours we are trying to understand? How do they affect the supply and de- mand? Research 02Pg 08 METHODLOGY FInal Mile techniques and tar- geted demographics. 03 Pg 10 Results How we can affect male behaviour to 04 prevent human trafficking. Pg 14 ConClusion A Summary of the Final Mile Research paper. 05 Pg 38 RESEARCH REPORT 2 Understanding behaviour and informing the Red Alert Approach 3 Issue No.1 // December 2015 By My Choices Foundation Be on #REDALERT AKNOWLEDGEMENTS Core the to the Operation Red Alert approach is coalition building. From incep- tion, each part of our strategy has been built on the collective research and ex- perience of experts on trafficking, human behavior and marketing.