The Battle of New Market—May 15, 1864
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
The Battle of New Market—May 15, 1864 Order of Battle Both the forces engaged were provisional, assembled from scattered forces operating for the most part on security and anti-guerrilla missions. The Federals had been gathered from numerous isolated posts over the six weeks preceding the battle. Few of the units had performed before in standard brigade and division operations. General Sigel had completed assembling his forces at Martinsburg and Winchester on 29 April. He developed his organizational structure during his slow movement south. Even more immediately, the Confederate forces were gathered as the Federal plan revealed itself. General Breckinridge began to consolidate his forces on 7 May, completing his new arrangement at Staunton on 12 May, three days before the battle. U.S. Department of West Virginia—Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel First Infantry Division—Brig. Gen. Jeremiah C. Sullivan 1st Brigade—Col. Augustus Moor 18th Connecticut Infantry—Maj. Henry Peale 28th Ohio Infantry—Lt. Col. Gottfried Becker 116th Ohio Infantry—Col. James Washburn 123d Ohio Infantry—Maj. Horace Kellogg 2d Brigade—Col. Joseph Thoburn 1st West Virginia Infantry—Lt. Col. Jacob Weddle 12th West Virginia Infantry—Col. William B. Curtis 34th Massachusetts Infantry—Col. George D. Wells 54th Pennsylvania Infantry—Col. Jacob M. Campbell First Cavalry Division—Maj. Gen. Julius Stahel 1st Brigade—Col. William B. Tibbitts 1st New York Cavalry (-) (Veteran)—Col. Robert F. Taylor 1st New York Cavalry (Lincoln)—Lt. Col. Alonzo W. Adams 1st Maryland Cavalry (det.) (Potomac Home) —Maj. J. T. Daniel 21st West Virginia Cavalry—Maj. Charles C. Otis 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry—Capt. Ashbel F. Duncan 2d Brigade—Col. John E. Wynkoop 15th New York Cavalry—Maj. H. Roessler 20th Pennsylvania Cavalry—Maj. R. B. Douglas 22d Pennsylvania Cavalry (det.)—1st Lt. Caleb McNulty Artillery Battery B, Maryland Light (3" rifle)—Capt. Alonzo Snow 30th Battery, New York (12-lb. Nap.)—Capt. Albert von Kleiser Battery D, 1st West Virginia Light (3" rifle)—Capt. John Carlin Battery G, 1st West Virginia Light (3" rifle)—Capt. Chatham T. Ewing Battery B, 5th United States (3" rifle)—Capt. Henry A. DuPont C.S. Western Department of Virginia—Maj. Gen. John C. Breckinridge Infantry Division 1st Brigade—Brig. Gen. John Echols 22d Virginia Infantry—Col. George S. Patton 23d Virginia Battalion—Lt. Col. Clarence Derrick 26th Virginia Battalion—Lt. Col. George M. Edgar 2d Brigade—Brig. Gen. Gabriel C. Wharton 30th Virginia Battalion—Lt. Col. J. Lyle Clark 51st Virginia Infantry—Lt. Col. John P. Wolfe 62d Virginia Infantry (Mtd.)—Col. George H. Smith Co. A, 1st Missouri Cavalry (Inf.)—Capt. Charles H. Woodson 23d Virginia Cavalry (Inf.)—Col. Robert White VMI Cadets—Lt. Col. Scott Shipp Cavalry, Valley District—Brig. Gen. John D. Imboden 18th Virginia Cavalry—Col. George W. Imboden Misc. detachments: 2d Maryland, 23d Virginia, 43d Virginia (Partisans) Artillery—Maj. William McLaughlin Chapman's (Virginia) Battery (4 how., 2 rifle)—Capt. George B. Chapman Jackson's (Virginia) Battery (I rifle, 3 12-lb. Nap.)—1st Lt. Randolph H. Blain McClanahan's (Virginia) Battery (2 how., 4 rifle)—Capt. John McClanahan VMI Section (2 rifle)—Cadet Capt. C. H. Minge Total Effectives Federal Forces Infantry 5,245 (approx. 3,750 engaged) Cavalry 3,035 (approx. 2,000 engaged) Artillery (22 guns) 660 (approx. 530 engaged) Total: 8,940 (6,280) Confederate Forces Infantry and dismounted cavalry 4,249 (approx. 3,800 engaged) Cavalry 735 (all engaged) Artillery (18 guns) 341 (all engaged) Total: 5,325 (4,876) Casualties KIA WIA MIA TOTAL (%) Federal: 97 520 225 841 (13%) Confederate: 43 + 474 + 3 531 + (c. 13%) Notes on Ordnance Three-Inch Ordnance Rifle Fires 10-lb. projectiles (conical bolt, case, shell, canister) Bore diameter, 3" Tube weight, 820 lbs., wrought iron Range, 1,830 yds. at 5° elevation Muzzle velocity, 1215 FPS Use: Infantry support in open areas, counterbattery. 12-Pound Field Gun, M1857 (Napoleon) Fires 12-lb. projectiles (solid, case, shell, canister) Bore diameter, 4.62" Tube weight, 1227 lbs., bronze Range, 1,619 yds. at 5° elevation Muzzle velocity, 1485 FPS Use: Close infantry support in wooded areas, final defense. Parrot Field Rifle, 10-pounder Fires 10-lb. projectiles (conical bolt, case, shell, canister) Bore diameter, 3" Tube weight, 890 lbs., iron Range, 2,000 yds. at 5° elevation Muzzle velocity, 1300 FPS Use: Same as ordnance rifle. Field Howitzer, 12-pounder Fires 12-lb. projectiles (solid, case, shell, canister) Bore diameter, 4.62" Tube weight, 788 lbs., bronze Range, 1,072 yds. at 5° elevation Muzzle velocity, 1200 FPS Use: High-trajectory antipersonnel. .