Vol.11, No. 2, 2011
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Legislators of Cyberspace: an Analysis of the Role Of
SHAPING CODE Jay P. Kesan* & Rajiv C. Shah** I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 4 II. THE CASE STUDIES: THE DEVELOPMENT OF CODE WITHIN INSTITUTIONS.............................. 13 A. World Wide Web......................................................................................................... 14 1. Libwww............................................................................................................ 14 2. NCSA Mosaic .................................................................................................. 16 B. Cookies ........................................................................................................................ 21 1. Netscape’s Cookies .......................................................................................... 21 2. The IETF’s Standard for Cookies .................................................................... 24 C. Platform for Internet Content Selection....................................................................... 28 D. Apache......................................................................................................................... 34 III. LEGISLATIVE BODIES: SOCIETAL INSTITUTIONS THAT DEVELOP CODE ................................. 37 A. Universities.................................................................................................................. 38 B. Firms........................................................................................................................... -
Exploring Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Techniques for Dynamic Websites
Master Thesis Computer Science Thesis no: MCS-2011-10 March, 2011 __________________________________________________________________________ Exploring Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Techniques for Dynamic Websites Wasfa Kanwal School of Computing Blekinge Institute of Technology SE – 371 39 Karlskrona Sweden This thesis is submitted to the School of Computing at Blekinge Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science. The thesis is equivalent to 20 weeks of full time studies. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Contact Information: Author: Wasfa Kanwal E-mail: [email protected] University advisor: Martin Boldt, PhD. School of Computing School of Computing Internet : www.bth.se/com Blekinge Institute of Technology Phone : +46 455 38 50 00 SE – 371 39 Karlskrona Fax : +46 455 38 50 57 Sweden ii ABSTRACT Context: With growing number of online businesses, Search Engine Optimization (SEO) has become vital to capitalize a business because SEO is key factor for marketing an online business. SEO is the process to optimize a website so that it ranks well on Search Engine Result Pages (SERPs). Dynamic websites are commonly used for e-commerce because they are easier to update and expand; however they are subjected to indexing related problems. Objectives: This research aims to examine and address dynamic websites indexing related issues. To achieve aims and objectives of this research I intend to explore dynamic websites indexing considerations, investigate SEO tools to carry SEO campaign in three major search engines (Google, Yahoo and Bing), experiment SEO techniques, and determine to what extent dynamic websites can be made search engine friendly on these major search engines. -
Annex I: List of Internet Robots, Crawlers, Spiders, Etc. This Is A
Annex I: List of internet robots, crawlers, spiders, etc. This is a revised list published on 15/04/2016. Please note it is rationalised, removing some previously redundant entries (e.g. the text ‘bot’ – msnbot, awbot, bbot, turnitinbot, etc. – which is now collapsed down to a single entry ‘bot’). COUNTER welcomes updates and suggestions for this list from our community of users. bot spider crawl ^.?$ [^a]fish ^IDA$ ^ruby$ ^voyager\/ ^@ozilla\/\d ^ÆÆ½âºóµÄ$ ^ÆÆ½âºóµÄ$ alexa Alexandria(\s|\+)prototype(\s|\+)project AllenTrack almaden appie Arachmo architext aria2\/\d arks ^Array$ asterias atomz BDFetch Betsie biadu biglotron BingPreview bjaaland Blackboard[\+\s]Safeassign blaiz\-bee bloglines blogpulse boitho\.com\-dc bookmark\-manager Brutus\/AET bwh3_user_agent CakePHP celestial cfnetwork checkprivacy China\sLocal\sBrowse\s2\.6 cloakDetect coccoc\/1\.0 Code\sSample\sWeb\sClient ColdFusion combine contentmatch ContentSmartz core CoverScout curl\/7 cursor custo DataCha0s\/2\.0 daumoa ^\%?default\%?$ Dispatch\/\d docomo Download\+Master DSurf easydl EBSCO\sEJS\sContent\sServer ELinks\/ EmailSiphon EmailWolf EndNote EThOS\+\(British\+Library\) facebookexternalhit\/ favorg FDM(\s|\+)\d feedburner FeedFetcher feedreader ferret Fetch(\s|\+)API(\s|\+)Request findlinks ^FileDown$ ^Filter$ ^firefox$ ^FOCA Fulltext Funnelback GetRight geturl GLMSLinkAnalysis Goldfire(\s|\+)Server google grub gulliver gvfs\/ harvest heritrix holmes htdig htmlparser HttpComponents\/1.1 HTTPFetcher http.?client httpget httrack ia_archiver ichiro iktomi ilse -
Dissertation Docteur De L'université Du Luxembourg
PhD-FSTC-2012-10 The Faculty of Sciences, Technology and Communication DISSERTATION Defense held on 30/03/2012 in Luxembourg to obtain the degree of DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DU LUXEMBOURG EN INFORMATIQUE by Cynthia WAGNER Born on 2nd August 1982 in Esch/Alzette (Luxembourg) SECURITY AND NETWORK MONITORING BASED ON INTERNET FLOW MEASUREMENTS Dissertation defense committee Dr Thomas Engel, dissertation supervisor Professor, Université du Luxembourg-SnT Dr Chrisptoh Schommer, Chairman Professor, Université du Luxembourg Dr Vijay Gurbani, Vice Chairman Professor, Illinois Institute of Technology and Bell Laboratories Dr Radu State Dr. habil., Université du Luxembourg – SnT Dr Jean Hilger Banque et Caisse d’Epargne de l’Etat (BCEE) 2 Acknowledgments This doctoral thesis has been realized at the SECAN-LAB of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT) and the University of Luxembourg. Writing this doctoral thesis without help and support from kind people would not have been possible. First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof. Dr. Thomas Engel, for giving me the opportunity of being a member of his research team for the last four years. I owe sincere and earnest thanks to my supervisor Dr.hab. Radu State for his support and advice. I want to thank Prof. Dr. Vijay Gurbani for being part in my CET committee. I owe sincere thanks to Dr. Jean Hilger and Prof. Dr. Christoph Schommer for participating in the jury of this thesis. Furthermore, I would like to thank Dr. G´erardWagener and Alexandre Dulaunoy from the Computer Incident Response Centre Luxembourg for providing relevant research data and especially for their scientific cooperation and support. -
Web Tracking: Mechanisms, Implications, and Defenses Tomasz Bujlow, Member, IEEE, Valentín Carela-Español, Josep Solé-Pareta, and Pere Barlet-Ros
ARXIV.ORG DIGITAL LIBRARY 1 Web Tracking: Mechanisms, Implications, and Defenses Tomasz Bujlow, Member, IEEE, Valentín Carela-Español, Josep Solé-Pareta, and Pere Barlet-Ros Abstract—This articles surveys the existing literature on the of ads [1], [2], price discrimination [3], [4], assessing our methods currently used by web services to track the user online as health and mental condition [5], [6], or assessing financial well as their purposes, implications, and possible user’s defenses. credibility [7]–[9]. Apart from that, the data can be accessed A significant majority of reviewed articles and web resources are from years 2012 – 2014. Privacy seems to be the Achilles’ by government agencies and identity thieves. Some affiliate heel of today’s web. Web services make continuous efforts to programs (e.g., pay-per-sale [10]) require tracking to follow obtain as much information as they can about the things we the user from the website where the advertisement is placed search, the sites we visit, the people with who we contact, to the website where the actual purchase is made [11]. and the products we buy. Tracking is usually performed for Personal information in the web can be voluntarily given commercial purposes. We present 5 main groups of methods used for user tracking, which are based on sessions, client by the user (e.g., by filling web forms) or it can be collected storage, client cache, fingerprinting, or yet other approaches. indirectly without their knowledge through the analysis of the A special focus is placed on mechanisms that use web caches, IP headers, HTTP requests, queries in search engines, or even operational caches, and fingerprinting, as they are usually very by using JavaScript and Flash programs embedded in web rich in terms of using various creative methodologies. -
Deep Web for Journalists: Comms, Counter-Surveillance, Search
Deep Web for Journalists: Comms, Counter-surveillance, Search Special Complimentary Edition for Delegates attending the 28th World Congress of the International Federation of Journalists * By Alan Pearce Edited by Sarah Horner * © Alan Pearce June 2013 www.deepwebguides.com Table of Contents Introduction by the International Federation of Journalists A Dangerous Digital World What is the Deep Web and why is it useful to Journalists? How Intelligence Gathering Works How this affects Journalists 1 SECURITY ALERT . Setting up Defenses 2 Accessing Hidden Networks . Using Tor . Entry Points 3 Secure Communications . Email . Scramble Calls . Secret Messaging . Private Messaging . Deep Chat . Deep Social Networks 4 Concealed Carry 5 Hiding Things . Transferring Secret Data . Hosting, Storing and Sharing . Encryption . Steganography – hiding things inside things 6 Smartphones . Counter-Intrusion . 007 Apps 7 IP Cameras 8 Keeping out the Spies . Recommended Free Programs . Cleaning Up . Erasing History . Alternative Software Share the Knowledge About the Authors Foreword by the International Federation of Journalists Navigating the Dangerous Cyber Jungle Online media safety is of the highest importance to the International Federation of Journalists. After all, the victims are often our members. The IFJ is the world’s largest organization of journalists and our focus is on ways and means to stop physical attacks, harassment and the killing of journalists and media staff. In an age where journalism – like everything else in modern life – is dominated by the Internet, online safety is emerging as a new front. In this new war, repressive regimes now keep a prying eye on what journalists say, write and film. They want to monitor contacts and they want to suppress information. -
SPI Annual Report 2015
Software in the Public Interest, Inc. 2015 Annual Report July 12, 2016 To the membership, board and friends of Software in the Public Interest, Inc: As mandated by Article 8 of the SPI Bylaws, I respectfully submit this annual report on the activities of Software in the Public Interest, Inc. and extend my thanks to all of those who contributed to the mission of SPI in the past year. { Martin Michlmayr, SPI Secretary 1 Contents 1 President's Welcome3 2 Committee Reports4 2.1 Membership Committee.......................4 2.1.1 Statistics...........................4 3 Board Report5 3.1 Board Members............................5 3.2 Board Changes............................6 3.3 Elections................................6 4 Treasurer's Report7 4.1 Income Statement..........................7 4.2 Balance Sheet............................. 13 5 Member Project Reports 16 5.1 New Associated Projects....................... 16 5.2 Updates from Associated Projects................. 16 5.2.1 0 A.D.............................. 16 5.2.2 Chakra............................ 16 5.2.3 Debian............................. 17 5.2.4 Drizzle............................. 17 5.2.5 FFmpeg............................ 18 5.2.6 GNU TeXmacs........................ 18 5.2.7 Jenkins............................ 18 5.2.8 LibreOffice.......................... 18 5.2.9 OFTC............................. 19 5.2.10 PostgreSQL.......................... 19 5.2.11 Privoxy............................ 19 5.2.12 The Mana World....................... 19 A About SPI 21 2 Chapter 1 President's Welcome SPI continues to focus on our core services, quietly and competently supporting the activities of our associated projects. A huge thank-you to everyone, particularly our board and other key volun- teers, whose various contributions of time and attention over the last year made continued SPI operations possible! { Bdale Garbee, SPI President 3 Chapter 2 Committee Reports 2.1 Membership Committee 2.1.1 Statistics On January 1, 2015 we had 512 contributing and 501 non-contributing mem- bers. -
Google Overview Created by Phil Wane
Google Overview Created by Phil Wane PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Tue, 30 Nov 2010 15:03:55 UTC Contents Articles Google 1 Criticism of Google 20 AdWords 33 AdSense 39 List of Google products 44 Blogger (service) 60 Google Earth 64 YouTube 85 Web search engine 99 User:Moonglum/ITEC30011 105 References Article Sources and Contributors 106 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 112 Article Licenses License 114 Google 1 Google [1] [2] Type Public (NASDAQ: GOOG , FWB: GGQ1 ) Industry Internet, Computer software [3] [4] Founded Menlo Park, California (September 4, 1998) Founder(s) Sergey M. Brin Lawrence E. Page Headquarters 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, California, United States Area served Worldwide Key people Eric E. Schmidt (Chairman & CEO) Sergey M. Brin (Technology President) Lawrence E. Page (Products President) Products See list of Google products. [5] [6] Revenue US$23.651 billion (2009) [5] [6] Operating income US$8.312 billion (2009) [5] [6] Profit US$6.520 billion (2009) [5] [6] Total assets US$40.497 billion (2009) [6] Total equity US$36.004 billion (2009) [7] Employees 23,331 (2010) Subsidiaries YouTube, DoubleClick, On2 Technologies, GrandCentral, Picnik, Aardvark, AdMob [8] Website Google.com Google Inc. is a multinational public corporation invested in Internet search, cloud computing, and advertising technologies. Google hosts and develops a number of Internet-based services and products,[9] and generates profit primarily from advertising through its AdWords program.[5] [10] The company was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, often dubbed the "Google Guys",[11] [12] [13] while the two were attending Stanford University as Ph.D. -
Bing: New Features Relevant to Webmasters
New Features Relevant to Webmasters June 1, 2009 Bing Webmaster Center Team, Microsoft® Table of contents What is Bing? ..................................................................................................... 3 Why make changes? ............................................................................................................... 3 The new SERP with Bing .................................................................................... 4 The Explore Pane ................................................................................................................... 5 Quick Tabs ............................................................................................................................ 7 Related Searches ................................................................................................................... 8 Search History ....................................................................................................................... 8 Categorized results ................................................................................................................ 9 Result types improvements .................................................................................................. 11 Standard results .................................................................................................................. 11 Best Match .......................................................................................................................... 11 Best Match with -
Practice & Prevention of Home-Router Mid-Stream Injection
Practice & Prevention of Home-Router Mid-Stream Injection Attacks Steven Myers Sid Stamm School of Informatics School of Informatics Indiana University Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana Bloomington, Indiana Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Abstract—The vulnerability of home routers has been widely In Tsow et al.[1], Stamm et al. [2], Hu et al. [4], Traynor discussed, but there has been significant skepticism in many et al.[5], and Akritidis et al. [6], it has been shown that quarters about the viability of using them to perform damaging these devices are easily susceptible to malware infection, and attacks. Others have argued that traditional malware prevention technologies will function for routers. In this paper we show how in some cases denoted specific, simple attacks [1], [2] that easily and effectively a home router can be repurposed to perform could be deployed by simply making changes to a routers a mid-stream script injection attack. This attack transparently local variables, and thus the installation of malware is not and indiscriminately siphons off many cases of user entered critical. As a result, the susceptibility of these devices is not form-data from arbitrary (non-encrypted) web-sites, including questioned. The concept of drive-by pharming proposed by usernames and passwords. Additionally, the attack can take place over a long period of time affecting the user at a large number Stamm et al. [2], has already been seen in the wild in Mexico of sites allowing a user’s information to be easily correlated by [7]; this attack only requires changing the routers DNS lookup one attacker. -
Kafl: Hardware-Assisted Feedback Fuzzing for OS Kernels
kAFL: Hardware-Assisted Feedback Fuzzing for OS Kernels Sergej Schumilo1, Cornelius Aschermann1, Robert Gawlik1, Sebastian Schinzel2, Thorsten Holz1 1Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2Münster University of Applied Sciences Motivation IJG jpeg libjpeg-turbo libpng libtiff mozjpeg PHP Mozilla Firefox Internet Explorer PCRE sqlite OpenSSL LibreOffice poppler freetype GnuTLS GnuPG PuTTY ntpd nginx bash tcpdump JavaScriptCore pdfium ffmpeg libmatroska libarchive ImageMagick BIND QEMU lcms Adobe Flash Oracle BerkeleyDB Android libstagefright iOS ImageIO FLAC audio library libsndfile less lesspipe strings file dpkg rcs systemd-resolved libyaml Info-Zip unzip libtasn1OpenBSD pfctl NetBSD bpf man mandocIDA Pro clamav libxml2glibc clang llvmnasm ctags mutt procmail fontconfig pdksh Qt wavpack OpenSSH redis lua-cmsgpack taglib privoxy perl libxmp radare2 SleuthKit fwknop X.Org exifprobe jhead capnproto Xerces-C metacam djvulibre exiv Linux btrfs Knot DNS curl wpa_supplicant Apple Safari libde265 dnsmasq libbpg lame libwmf uudecode MuPDF imlib2 libraw libbson libsass yara W3C tidy- html5 VLC FreeBSD syscons John the Ripper screen tmux mosh UPX indent openjpeg MMIX OpenMPT rxvt dhcpcd Mozilla NSS Nettle mbed TLS Linux netlink Linux ext4 Linux xfs botan expat Adobe Reader libav libical OpenBSD kernel collectd libidn MatrixSSL jasperMaraDNS w3m Xen OpenH232 irssi cmark OpenCV Malheur gstreamer Tor gdk-pixbuf audiofilezstd lz4 stb cJSON libpcre MySQL gnulib openexr libmad ettercap lrzip freetds Asterisk ytnefraptor mpg123 exempi libgmime pev v8 sed awk make -
Pipenightdreams Osgcal-Doc Mumudvb Mpg123-Alsa Tbb
pipenightdreams osgcal-doc mumudvb mpg123-alsa tbb-examples libgammu4-dbg gcc-4.1-doc snort-rules-default davical cutmp3 libevolution5.0-cil aspell-am python-gobject-doc openoffice.org-l10n-mn libc6-xen xserver-xorg trophy-data t38modem pioneers-console libnb-platform10-java libgtkglext1-ruby libboost-wave1.39-dev drgenius bfbtester libchromexvmcpro1 isdnutils-xtools ubuntuone-client openoffice.org2-math openoffice.org-l10n-lt lsb-cxx-ia32 kdeartwork-emoticons-kde4 wmpuzzle trafshow python-plplot lx-gdb link-monitor-applet libscm-dev liblog-agent-logger-perl libccrtp-doc libclass-throwable-perl kde-i18n-csb jack-jconv hamradio-menus coinor-libvol-doc msx-emulator bitbake nabi language-pack-gnome-zh libpaperg popularity-contest xracer-tools xfont-nexus opendrim-lmp-baseserver libvorbisfile-ruby liblinebreak-doc libgfcui-2.0-0c2a-dbg libblacs-mpi-dev dict-freedict-spa-eng blender-ogrexml aspell-da x11-apps openoffice.org-l10n-lv openoffice.org-l10n-nl pnmtopng libodbcinstq1 libhsqldb-java-doc libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil sg3-utils linux-backports-modules-alsa-2.6.31-19-generic yorick-yeti-gsl python-pymssql plasma-widget-cpuload mcpp gpsim-lcd cl-csv libhtml-clean-perl asterisk-dbg apt-dater-dbg libgnome-mag1-dev language-pack-gnome-yo python-crypto svn-autoreleasedeb sugar-terminal-activity mii-diag maria-doc libplexus-component-api-java-doc libhugs-hgl-bundled libchipcard-libgwenhywfar47-plugins libghc6-random-dev freefem3d ezmlm cakephp-scripts aspell-ar ara-byte not+sparc openoffice.org-l10n-nn linux-backports-modules-karmic-generic-pae