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Synthesis of Threats Synthesis of Threats, Critical Uncertainties, and Limiting Factors in Relation to Past, Present, and Future Priority Restoration Actions for Pacific Lamprey in the Columbia River Basin Response to the Independent Scientific Advisory Board Review of “Synopsis of Lamprey-Related Projects Funded through the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program” ISAB 2012-3 November 15, 2017 Brian McIlraith – Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission Aaron Jackson, Gary James – Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation Cyndi Baker – Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Indian Reservation Ralph Lampman, Bob Rose – Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Reservation CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background...................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Regional and Tribal Context ............................................................................................................................ 4 2 OVERVIEW OF PACIFIC LAMPREY WITHIN THE COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN ............................................ 8 2.1 Oceanic Life ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Run Timing ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Adult Passage ................................................................................................................................................ 10 2.4 Movement within the Columbia River and Tributaries ................................................................................. 11 2.5 Spawning ....................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.6 Larval Life History .......................................................................................................................................... 13 2.7 Juvenile Outmigration ................................................................................................................................... 15 2.8 Contaminants ................................................................................................................................................ 16 2.9 Climate Change ............................................................................................................................................. 17 3 EXISTING COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN GUIDING DOCUMENTS AND EFFORTS FOR PACIFIC LAMPREY .. 17 3.1 1995, 2004, and 2015 – Columbia River Basin Lamprey Technical Working Group ...................................... 18 3.2 1999 – Restoration Plan for Pacific Lampreys (Lampetra tridentata) in the Umatilla River, Oregon ........... 18 3.3 2004 and 2008 – Lamprey Summits I and II .................................................................................................. 19 3.4 2005 – Critical Uncertainties for Lamprey in the Columbia River Basin: ....................................................... 19 3.5 2006 and 2009 – Mid-Columbia Public Utility District Pacific Lamprey Management Plans ........................ 20 3.6 2007 – U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Lamprey Conservation Initiative ............................................. 21 3.7 2008 – Columbia Basin Fish Accords ............................................................................................................. 21 3.8 2009 – U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Passage Improvements Implementation Plan: 2008-2018 ................ 21 3.9 2011 – Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) Assessment and Template for Conservation Measures 22 3.10 2011 – Tribal Pacific Lamprey Restoration Plan for the Columbia River Basin ............................................. 22 3.11 2012 – Assessment of U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Projects in the Columbia River Basin: ........................... 23 3.12 2012 – Lamprey Summit III ............................................................................................................................ 23 3.13 2012 – Conservation Agreement for Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) in the States of Alaska, Oregon, Idaho, and California ................................................................................................................................. 24 3.14 2014 – Pacific Lamprey Passage Improvements Implementation Plan: 2008 – 2018 (2014 Revision) ......... 24 3.15 2014 – Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Program ........................................................................................ 25 3.16 2015 – Regional Implementation Plans for Pacific Lamprey Regional Management Units .......................... 25 3.17 2017 – Conservation Challenges and Research Needs for Pacific Lamprey in the Columbia River Basin ......... ....................................................................................................................................................................... 26 4 SUMMARY OF BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION’S FISH & WILDLIFE PROGRAM-FUNDED PROJECTS ............................................................................................................................................ 27 4.1 Summary Tables ............................................................................................................................................ 27 4.1.1 Yakama Nation Lamprey Projects ........................................................................................................ 27 4.1.2 Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation Lamprey Projects ....................................... 39 4.1.3 Confederated Tribes of Warms Springs Reservation of Oregon Lamprey Projects ............................. 44 i 4.1.4 Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission Lamprey Projects ......................................................... 49 4.2 Summary Maps.............................................................................................................................................. 54 5 SPECIFIC QUESTIONS FROM THE ISRP AND ISAB REVIEWS ................................................................ 57 5.1 Question 4.1 – What are the General Conclusions of the Studies to Date? Are lamprey recovering in the basin? ...................................................................................................................................................................... 57 5.2 Question 4.2 – What Have Emerged as Primary Limiting Factors for Lamprey Basinwide?. ........................ 65 5.2.1 Passage ................................................................................................................................................ 80 5.2.2 Dewatering and Stream Flow Management ........................................................................................ 81 5.2.3 Stream and Floodplain Degradation .................................................................................................... 81 5.2.4 Lack of Awareness ............................................................................................................................... 82 5.2.5 Oceanic Life .......................................................................................................................................... 82 5.2.6 Contaminants ....................................................................................................................................... 83 5.3 Question 4.3 – What are the Major Impediments to Implementation of Recovery Plans? .......................... 83 5.4 Question 4.4 – Is the Draft Lamprey Master Plan for Tribal Pacific Lamprey Restoration that Will Guide Recovery Efforts Completed? (Project #2008-524-00) ........................................................................................... 85 5.5 Question 4.5 – Are Study Designs and Sampling Methods Coordinated Among Projects? .......................... 86 5.5.1 Framework for Pacific Lamprey Supplementation Research ............................................................... 86 5.5.2 Master Plan for Pacific Lamprey Supplementation, Restoration, and Research ................................. 87 5.5.3 Lamprey Occupancy Modeling ............................................................................................................ 87 5.5.4 CRBLTWG Pacific Lamprey Passage Standards Subgroup .................................................................... 88 5.5.5 CRBLTWG Tagging Subgroup ............................................................................................................... 88 5.5.6 CRBLTWG Genetics Subgroup .............................................................................................................. 88 5.6 Question 4.6 – What are the Escapement Goals for Lamprey, Recognizing that Development of these Metrics is Difficult Because of Lack of Historical Information? .............................................................................. 89 5.7 Question 4.7 – What is the Status of Lamprey in Various Subbasins and Can a Comparison of Their Status Inform an Analysis of Limiting Factors? .................................................................................................................
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